År 2020 uppmärksammades på nytt att det delade huvudmannaskapet inom missbruks- och beroendevården kan få konsekvenser för den enskilde i form av bristande tillgänglighet (Kommitédirektiv 2020:68). I dagsläget ansvarar regionen och kommunen gemensamt för missbruksvården, och har enligt Socialtjänstlag (SFS 2001:453) samt Hälso- och sjukvårdslag (SFS 2017:30) en skyldighet att samverka i vården av brukare med missbruksproblematik. I denna studie har syftet varit att undersöka professionella inom kommun och regions uppfattning avseende samverkan i relation till ensamkommande flyktingbarn och missbruk. Utöver detta var syftet att även studera professionellas konstruktion av ansvar samt brukaren i samverkansprocessen. För att uppnå syftet har professionella med erfarenhet av ensamkommande flyktingbarn och/eller missbruksproblematik intervjuats. Denna avgränsning motiveras av att samverkansbehovet i allmänhet har identifierats som stort avseende gruppen ensamkommande flyktingbarn, bland annat på grund av bristande nätverk i det nya landet, men även på grund av riskfaktorer i form av psykisk ohälsa och låg socio-ekonomisk status. Studien utgår från en socialkonstruktivistisk ansats och en abduktiv kvalitativ innehållsanalys har utförts med hjälp av en modell för samverkansanalys. Resultatet visar att professionella upplever nuvarande former för samverkan som tämligen välfungerande, men att ansvaret för bristfällig samverkan konstrueras som något som förklaras av faktorer som enskilda professionella inte rår över. Studiens fynd visar vidare på brukarkonstruktionens betydelse för att förstå samverkan mellan region och kommun samt personliga relationers relevans i samverkansprocessen när praktiskt stöd uppifrån konstrueras som bristfälligt. Utöver detta har strukturella förutsättningar relaterat till huvudmannaskapsfrågan samt tidsmässiga- och ekonomiska resurser porträtterats som betydelsefulla för att förstå fenomenet samverkan. Studien finner att inrättandet av samordnande tjänster är en möjlig väg till förbättrad samverkan, och en implikation för framtida forskning är att undersöka effektiviteten av sådana tjänster.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att analysera asylsökandes upplevelser om ifall asylprocessen varit brottsgenererande eller ökat den psykiska ohälsan. De kriminologiska teorier som använts för att kunna förklara relationen är stämplingsteorin, strain, och sociala band. För att samla in relevant data har en kvalitativ metod använts, då semi-strukturerade intervjuer hölls med sju individer som i dagsläget är eller tidigare har varit asylsökande. En semi-strukturerad intervju har även utförts med en tidigare handläggare på Migrationsverket. Det inhämtade materialet från intervjuerna har analyserats med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultaten av intervjuerna med de asylsökande har visat att de aspekter inom asylprocessen som skulle kunna vara brottsgenererande eller leda till psykisk ohälsa är ett kriminaliserande mottagande, rädsla för utvisning eller avslag, ökad psykisk press, eller effekten av kulturella skiljaktigheter.

The Master thesis The Reform of Canada's Asylum System deals with the refugee issue in Canada. Canada's asylum system has been the subject of controversy almost since its inception in the 1970s. The asylum system has been crippled by a cumbersome inland refugee determination process which resulted in a huge backlog of unresolved asylum claims. Even though various governments have tried to reform the dysfunctional system, newly implemented measures only have led to even bigger backlog and longer delays, which encourage people who are not in need of protection to make an asylum claim knowing they will be able to skip the regular but lengthy immigration process and have immediate access to a range of generous social benefits. The thesis analyzes the problems of the existing asylum system which are seen in a general access to the refugee determination process, in its expensiveness, in the inefficiency of the immigration authorities, and in long delays allowing the asylum seekers to live and work in Canada for many years. Analyzing the expected outcomes of the new reform, the thesis assesses whether the new proposal of Canadian refugee and asylum policy will be finally successful in resolving the problems that are crippling Canada's asylum system or whether it will be rather classified just as another...

This thesis deals with a topic of immigration policy of the European Union of the 21st century. One cannot write about this topic regardless of the migration wave and refugee crisis that has sparked the debate about EU's immigration policy function - and EU as a whole - in general. The aim of this thesis is to give a reader profound view on the topic of immigration policy of the EU in the context of the immigration crisis, to present reasons why is this happening as well as the consequences, and last but not least, to give an solution that could help EU to deal with crisis and its origins. The thesis handles with the attitudes and opinions of EU member states and the EU as a whole, discusses the evolution of EU immigration policy and its current state. In a part it is oriented on asylum policy as a part of immigration policy and the question of supra-nationalization of the EU's immigration policy. The last chapter offers following steps which the EU should take, and which lead to solving the crisis or at least alleviation.

This study has been conducted in southwestern Sweden regarding asylum-seeking unaccompanied refugee children’s health. The aim is to investigate and understand unaccompanied refugee children’s health during their asylum-process based on care homes personnel’s experiences. The focus is on what factors that impact these children’s health the most and the data has been collected through interviews with personnel at care homes. The result showed that asylum-process, health care, anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, traumatic events, and PTSD are factors that have a negative impact on these children’s health, and thatsecurity and integration have a positive impact on their health.

In Elizabeth Gaskell's 1855 short story, "Half a Life-Time Ago," Susan Dixon faces a difficult choice regarding her younger brother, who has gone insane after an illness: should she try to care for him at home or commit him to the nearby Lancaster Asylum? Although fictional, Susan's situation highlights an important Victorian debate about the care of the insane and the reformation of public asylums. This debate, and the changes enacted by nineteenth-century asylum reformers as a result of the cultural conversation, brought new attention to the relationship between the mind, the body, and the will as the concept of moral management as a method of treatment for the insane gained popularity. Dr. Samuel Gaskell, Commissioner in the English Lunacy Commission, Supervisor of the Lancaster Asylum, and Elizabeth's brother-in-law, dedicated his career to implementing the tenets of moral management in the institutions within his purview. For proponents like Dr. Gaskell, the moral management method of treatment restored dignity to patients by giving them the responsibility to bring themselves--through self-discipline, labor, and the exercise of will--back to sanity and thus back into the communities from which their illness excluded them. Many who supported asylum reform regarded moral management as a revolutionary tool with the power to restore happiness and peace to individuals, families, and institutions struggling to deal humanely with insanity. Susan Dixon's exploration of the parameters of moral management as a method of treatment for her bother, however, calls its effectiveness into question. Although Susan is an exemplary moral manager and diligently attempts to re-train her brother by utilizing the principles that Dr. Gaskell used to reform Lancaster Asylum, her implementation of moral management causes the destruction of the Dixon household and the physical, social, and mental disintegration of Susan herself. As Susan and her brother demonstrate in what might be regarded as Gaskell's fictional case study of her brother-in-law's beliefs, no amount of moral management can successfully treat insanity, and insisting that such a program might be undertaken by the insane--or by others on their behalf--is woefully miscalculated.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Many refugees and asylum seekers have emigrated from The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which has a long history of unrest and instability. Besides its own citizens, South Africa is a refugee receiving country. Its obligations to people seeking refuge within its borders are outlined in both, international and domestic law.

Doctor Legum - LLD / Every year approximately 33 million children leave their home countries and cross international borders seeking refuge from war, instability, ethnic conflicts, natural and man-made disasters, and extreme poverty. Among the total child migrant population, adolescents account for 11 million. In terms of the ratio of child and adolescent migrants to the total migrant population, Africa has the highest proportion.

No description available.

The aim of this research has been to investigate the UK Home Office, Country Policy and Information Notes (CINP) in the asylum-seeking process, through investigating the case of Eritrean CINP documents from 2010 until 2018. This single case study aimed to confirm its theoretical background of Lukes 2005 three-dimensional view of power theory. A pattern-matching analysing technique was implemented to address the research questions with the effort of trying to find overlapping patterns between the theory and the observed patterns in the data. The result shows there are some similarities between patterns. The connection between the three dimensions of power and the three overlapping patterns are then broadly discussed.