El presente estudio de investigación implemento el programa de seguridad basado en el comportamiento orientado a lograr reducir los índices de accidentabilidad, aumentar los actos estándares y cambiar la cultura de seguridad de la empresa. Para ello, como primer antecedente se tuvo el estado actual del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SGSST) de la empresa, el diseño del programa, la implementación orientada a la observación y retroalimentación positiva y finalmente la evaluación de los resultados por un periodo de tres meses. Todo ello, implica estudiar y comprender la metodología para incluirlo dentro del Sistema Integrado de Gestión de prevención de riesgos, como propuesta de mejora continua. Asimismo, como parte del programa se analizarán las conductas y comportamientos; los cuales serán plasmados en un formulario de la empresa en estudio, para observar si son o no seguras y cuáles podrían ser las causas inmediatas y/o básicas del comportamiento del trabajador. / This research study implemented the behavior-based safety program aimed at reducing accident rates, increasing standard acts and changing the safety culture of the company. For this, as the first precedent, the current state of the company's occupational health and safety management system (SGSST) was used, the design of the program, the implementation oriented to observation and positive feedback and finally the evaluation of the results. for a period of three months. All of this implies studying and understanding the methodology to include it within the Integrated Risk Prevention Management System, as a proposal for continuous improvement. Likewise, as part of the program, behaviors and behaviors will be analyzed; which will be reflected in a form of the company under study, to observe whether or not they are safe and what could be the immediate and / or basic causes of the worker's behavior. / Tesis

While many employees are engaged in their jobs, others suffer from poor working conditions and impaired well-being. Research suggests that job demands may impair employee work attitudes and health while both job resources and personal resources can have positive effect. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relative importance of job demands, job resources, and a personal resource (self-efficacy) for employees’ health and motivation at work. Questionnaire data were collected from white-collar employees of a Swedish construction company (n = 156). Results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed the relative importance of job demands, job resources and personal resources. The job demands were negatively related to health and motivation at work, while the job resources and the personal resource were linked to better health and motivation. The findings generally supported the hypotheses. The specific types of demands and resources were significant varied across outcomes and, unexpectedly, workload was positively correlated with job performance. The findings contribute to a growing literature which indicates that lower job demands and access to both job resources and personal resources may improve employees' health and motivation at work.

La présente thèse de doctorat porte sur la relation entre la perception de la justice organisationnelle, l’émission de comportements inadaptés au travail et la santé psychologique des individus au travail. En plus de développer un outil de mesure des comportements inadaptés au travail et d’entreprendre un processus de validation de celui-ci, le présent travail propose que les comportements inadaptés au travail puissent occuper un rôle soit protecteur ou explicatif dans la relation qui unit la perception de la justice organisationnelle avec la santé psychologique des individus au travail. Au sein de cette thèse, le premier article recense la documentation scientifique quant aux variables de la perception de la justice organisationnelle, de l’émission des comportements inadaptés au travail et de la santé psychologique des individus au travail, ainsi que les liens qui unissent ces variables. Aussi, les modèles conceptuels des rôles modérateur et médiateur des comportements inadaptés au travail sont proposés au sein de la relation entre la perception de la justice organisationnelle et la santé psychologique des individus au travail. Le deuxième article a pour objectif de développer un outil de mesure des comportements inadaptés au travail et de tester ses propriétés psychométriques. Ainsi, des analyses statistiques exploratoires et confirmatoires ont été effectuées. Afin d’appuyer la valeur critériée de l’outil proposé, une analyse corrélationnelle a été réalisée avec le critère de l’adaptation. Certaines valeurs psychométriques de l’outil sont validées par les résultats obtenus. Le troisième article examine empiriquement les modèles conceptuels des rôles anticipés des comportements inadaptés au travail dans la relation entre la perception de la justice organisationnelle et la santé psychologique des individus au travail. La perception de la justice organisationnelle a été vue sous les composantes distributive, procédurale, informationnelle et interpersonnelle. De son côté, la santé psychologique des individus a été observée par le biais des éléments du bien-être et de la détresse psychologique au travail. Les différentes analyses de régressions multiples hiérarchiques ont permis d’observer l’absence du rôle modérateur des comportements inadaptés au travail. Pour sa part, l’utilisation du test de Sobel a démontré la présence du rôle médiateur des comportements inadaptés au travail dans certaines relations. Plus exactement, celles-ci sont la relation entre la justice interpersonnelle et le bien-être psychologique au travail, la relation entre la justice interpersonnelle et la détresse psychologique au travail, ainsi que la relation entre la justice distributive et la détresse psychologique au travail. Finalement, la conclusion de la thèse présente une synthèse des résultats et expose les limites et pistes de recherches futures. / The present doctoral thesis treats of the relation between perception of organizational justice, emission of misbehaviours at work, and individuals’ psychological health at work. In addition to developing and undertaking a validation process for a measuring scale of misbehaviours at work, the present thesis proposes that these behaviours may occupy either a protective or an explicative role in the relationship that unites the perception of organizational justice with individuals’ psychological health at work. Within the thesis, the first article lists scientific literature concerning the perception of organizational justice, the emission of misbehaviours at work, and individuals’ psychological health at work. This article also includes a revue of links that unite the variables presently at study. Following this review, two conceptual models about possible roles played by misbehaviours at work in the relationship between perception of organizational justice and individuals’ psychological health at work are developed. More precisely, these models are conceptualisation of the moderating and mediating roles of inadequate work behaviours. The second article’s goal is the development of a measuring scale for misbehaviours at work and testing its psychometric proprieties. In this context, exploratory and confirmatory statistical analyses were made. Also, in order to support the criterion value of the proposed tool, a correlation analysis was made with the criteria of adaptation. The results showed that certain psychometric values were validated. The third article empirically examines the conceptual models developed about the possible roles played by misbehaviours at work in the relationship between perception of organizational justice and individuals’ psychological health at work. Organisational justice perception was analysed under distributive, procedural, informational and interpersonal components. As for individuals’ psychological health at work, it was observed through the psychological well-being and distress elements. The different multiple hierarchical regression analyses helped observe the absence of a moderator role for misbehaviours at work. Using the Sobel test showed the presence of a mediator role for misbehaviours at work in the relationship between the interpersonal organizational justice component and well-being, as well as psychological distress at work. This same test highlighted the mediator role of misbehaviours at work in the relationship between the distributive component of organizational justice and the psychological distress at work of individuals. Finally, the conclusion of this thesis presents a synthesis of the results and highlights the limits and future research ideas.

Syftet med denna forskningsöversikt var att undersöka vad aktuell forskning säger om hur en kompetensutveckling kan införas i en organisation för att få resultat/effekter för medarbetare på individ, grupp- och organisationsnivå. Detta utifrån den föränderliga värld vi lever i idag där organisationer står inför ständiga förändringar. Forskningsöversikten gjordes utefter 10 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultaten visade att det är viktigt att inventera kompetensen i organisationen och göra en planering. Även kommunikation och reflektion sågs som framgångsfaktorer.

- 193 - Abstract This dissertation theses describes the topic of company health-care services. The thesis provides a complex analysis of providing company health-care services with particular focus on the connection of these services with the employment relations and the legal instruments governed by the Labour Code. The thesis focuses in particular on the topic of medical examinations and medical reports, as well as the unfitness to work due to health-related reasons as a reason for termination of employment or other employment-law consequences. Besides an analysis of the current legislation, the theses further deals with the current case law, and in particular the judicial decisions on medical reports and their review by administrative and civil courts. The thesis also describes related legal instruments in the field of personal data protection and liability for damages, and provides a short comparison of the analysed legal regulation and the regulation of public service.

São muitos os desafios do Empreendedorismo, e em seu ambiente disruptivo e inovador, não faltam novas abordagens para temas já conhecidos e de grande interesse geral. A Felicidade e o Bem-estar, por exemplo, estão presentes em diversos estudos no âmbito científico e, principalmente, no dia a dia das pessoas, sendo universalmente a busca constante da nossa existência. Estamos sempre procurando alternativas para uma vida equilibrada, mais saudável, com mais momentos positivos e, nessa busca incessante, o estudo da Psicologia Positiva tem se tornado cada vez mais conhecido em diversas áreas nas últimas duas décadas. A Psicologia Positiva busca trazer nosso foco para nossas forças e virtudes e promover emoções positivas, por meio de ferramentas simples e propostas de exercícios que devem ser incluídos na nossa rotina. Seus resultados satisfatoriamente positivos, comprovados nas diversas experiências e artigos publicados, embasam uma aplicação multidisciplinar e somam adeptos desta nova modalidade. Neste contexto, facilmente podemos visualizar as ações de Psicologia Positiva adaptadas ao cenário de pequenas ou grandes, novas ou antigas Organizações, intrínsecas às ações e à Gestão da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho. No âmbito de um intraempreendedorismo inovador, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar e mensurar o impacto de ações de Psicologia Positiva dentro do Programa de Qualidade de Vida de uma grande multinacional, apoiando-se nos conceitos da própria Psicologia Positiva, alinhados aos estudos de Bem-Estar, Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho e Bem-estar no Trabalho. Pela metodologia de Pesquisa-Ação participante, onde o pesquisador está inserido no grupo de estudo, foram aplicados questionários qualitativos e quantitativos em mais de 140 participantes, onde foi possível mensurar o real impacto dessas ações, demonstrando que o grupo participante apresenta diferenças significativas (médias 31% mais elevadas) nos níveis de afetos positivos e satisfação com a vida. Também foram feitas correlações destes resultados com a literatura estudada e a reavaliação e sugestões de melhorias ao Programa, constatando que, de uma maneira geral, todas as ações positivas geram valor agregado aos funcionários impactados, e consequentemente sensação de Bem-estar. / There are many challenges for Entrepreneurship, and in its innovative environment there are many new approaches to topics of general great interest and already known. Happiness and well-being, for example, are present in several studies in the scientific sphere and especially in people\'s daily lives, being considered universally the constant search of our existence. We are always looking for alternatives to a balanced and healthier life with more positive moments, and within this incessant search, the study of Positive Psychology has become popular and becoming increasingly known in several areas in the last two decades. Positive Psychology seeks to bring our focus to our strengths and virtues and to promote positive emotions through simple tools and proposed exercises that should be included in our routine. Its satisfactorily positive results, proven through diverse experiences and published articles, are based on a multidisciplinary application and keeps adding followers of this new modality worldwide. In this context, we can easily visualize the actions of Positive Psychology adapted to the Organizational scenario, intrinsic to the actions and to the Management of Quality of Life at Work. In the context of an innovative intrapreneurship, the objective of this study was to evaluate and measure the impact of Positive Psychology actions within the Quality of Life Program of a large multinational, based on the concepts of Positive Psychology itself, aligned with the well-being, quality of life at work and productivity. Through the Participatory Research-Action methodology, where the researcher is inserted in the study group, qualitative and quantitative questionnaires were applied to more than 140 participants, where it was possible to measure the real impacts of these actions, demonstrating that the participant group presents significant differences (averages 31% higher) in the levels of positive affects and satisfaction with life. Correlations of these results were also made with the studied literature and the re-evaluation and suggestions for improvements to the Program, noting that, in a general way, all positive actions generate added value to the impacted employees, and consequently, a sense of well-being

A responsabilidade civil ligada aos acidentes de trabalho e às doenças ocupacionais é fonte de constantes preocupações de magistrados, doutrinadores e estudiosos do Direito do Trabalho, em especial após o advento da Emenda Constitucional nº 45/04. Em particular em sua vertente objetiva, que procura estabelecer a responsabilidade pelo risco da atividade, independentemente de culpa do agente. No entanto, há evidente lacuna no estudo da responsabilidade civil relacionada aos acidentes de trabalho e às doenças ocupacionais ligadas aos esportes profissionais. Conquanto os esportes envolvam elementos lúdicos e recreativos, sua prática profissional movimenta elevadas quantias de dinheiro e inúmeros feixes de contratos de trabalho. O alto índice de acidentes, lesões e enfermidades relacionadas ao esporte, que por vezes encerram prematuramente a carreira de atletas que ainda estão muito longe do estrelato, reclama a análise e a proteção jurídica conferidas pelo direito do trabalho, como direito social e fundamental. Este estudo se propõe a analisar os fundamentos jurídicos, doutrinários e jurisprudenciais, que inter-relacionam os campos da responsabilidade civil, do direito do trabalho e do esporte de alto rendimento, praticado profissionalmente. / The liability related to accidents at work and occupational diseases is a source of constant concern of judges, jurists and scholars of labor law, especially after the enactment of Constitutional Amendment No. 45/04. In particular in its objective aspect, which seeks to establish the liability for the risk of the activity, regardless of the agent\'s fault. However, there is an obvious gap in the study of the liability related to accidents at work and occupational diseases linked to professional sports. Although the playful and recreational elements involving sports, their professional practice moves large sums of money and numerous bundles of labor contracts. The high rate of accidents, injuries and illnesses related to sports, which sometimes prematurely terminate the career of athletes who are still far from stardom, claims analysis and legal protection conferred by labor law, as a social and fundamental right. This study aims to analyze the legal grounds, doctrinal and jurisprudential, which interrelate the fields of civil liability, labor law and high performance sport, practiced professionally.

O conceito de práticas corporais ainda se encontra em construção e muitas vezes é utilizado apenas como sinônimo de movimento do corpo, principalmente no ambiente de trabalho. O corpo pode ser uma das formas de aprendizado de novas habilidades pessoais no ambiente de trabalho quando se reconhece e respeita o repertório de cada pessoa. A proposta desse estudo foi de elaborar, analisar e sistematizar uma intervenção de promoção da saúde que utilizou as práticas corporais como estratégia. O público priorizado constituiu-se de funcionários de uma instituição pública estadual da saúde. Optamos pela pesquisa-intervenção, numa abordagem humanista e qualitativa. O estudo foi realizado durante quatro meses no ano de 2009 e as atividades foram desenvolvidas no próprio ambiente de trabalho dos servidores. Entre 6 a 8 meses após o término da intervenção entrevistas em profundidade foram realizadas com cada participante. Mesmo considerando a determinação hegemônica causada pela relação capital-trabalho, algumas brechas puderam ser construídas na intervenção realizada no ambiente de trabalho dos servidores públicos. Os princípios fundamentais da intervenção foram o trabalho em equipe multidisciplinar, os pressupostos participativos, as práticas corporais e os momentos de reflexão sobre os processos vivenciados, além do trabalho com conteúdos teóricos da promoção da saúde. Os instrumentos de coleta foram: dinâmicas de grupo, observação das vivências, filmagens, fotografias, discussões reflexivas e entrevistas em profundidade. O uso das práticas corporais, como uma estratégia facilitadora da promoção da saúde nos ambientes de trabalho, apresentou nesse estudo os seguintes resultados: a possibilidade de vivenciar novas formas de aprendizado pela linguagem não verbal, desencadeando melhorias nas relações interpessoais, aumentando a participação, estimulando a autonomia e o empoderamento individual e coletivo. A escassez de ações integradas e efetivas, no próprio ambiente de trabalho, voltadas para a saúde do trabalhador, como os servidores públicos da saúde, mostra a dificuldade existente no desenvolvimento de intervenções que possibilitem aproximações do que seja um ambiente de trabalho promotor de saúde. / Summary The concept of bodily practices is still in the process of construction and many times it is used as a synonymous of only body movement, mainly in the work environment. Body can be one of the many forms of learning new personal abilities in the working environment, mainly when the individual repertoire is recognized and respected. The focus public constituted of staff of a ctate health public institution. We decided for an intervention research in a humanistic and qualitative approach. The study was carried out during four month of year 2009 and all the activities were performed in the working environment of the civil servant. Between 6 and 8 months after the end of the intervention, each civil servant was deeply interviewed. Even considering the hegemonic determination caused by capital-work relationship, some breaches could be constructed in the intervention-research performed in the working environment of the civil servant. The main principles involved in the intervention-research were the multidisciplinary work, the assumed and proposed participation, body practices and reflection about the deeply experience besides the work theory content of health promotion.The colected instruments were: group dynamic, observation of experience of live, filming and photography, reflexive discussions and deep interview. Body practices as a mean of promotion health facilitator in the working environment in this study showed the following results: a possibility of experiencing deeply new forms of learning by means of non oral language, breaking out improvement in the interpersonal relationship, increasing the participation, stimulating the autonomy and the individual and collective manifestation of power. The lack of integrated and effective actions, in the own working environment, directed to the worker health, as the civil servant, shows the difficulty we meet in trying to develop interventions that nearly approaches the health working environment promotion.

Objetivo. Descrever e analisar a representação social do sofrimento no trabalho entre um grupo de servidores de um Tribunal Judiciário Federal. Metodologia. Com base em estudo exploratório, construiu-se o roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada, abordando os seguintes principais tópicos: a) caracterização profissional; b) descrição do trabalho; c) sofrimento no trabalho -como o define, explica e sente; d) expectativas profissionais. Foram entrevistadas 37 pessoas, dentre as quais dirigentes e servidores de 15 setores. Resultados. A representação social do sofrimento no trabalho foi organizada em 3 agrupamentos de sentido: 1) Elementos constitutivos: injustiça no ambiente de trabalho, volume cumulativo de trabalho, não reconhecimento pelo trabalho, falta de autonomia, estagnação profissional (angústia da 'estaca-zero'), opressão por parte de superiores; 2) Elementos moderadores: critérios explícitos de concessão de gratificações, relações sociais positivas no ambiente de trabalho, aprendizado no trabalho, gerenciamento adequado do volume de trabalho por parte de dirigentes, estratégias de enfrentamento (distanciamento afetivo das causas dos processos, descomprometimento com o trabalho, busca de outras oportunidades dentro da instituição por meio de contatos pessoais, estudar para ingressar em carreiras jurídicas como a magistratura, investir afetiva e intelectualmente em dimensões da vida extra-trabalho); 3) Expressões do sofrimento: medo, sentimento de auto-desvalorização, desesperança e desalento, contaminação do pensamento e do sono por conteúdos do trabalho, adoecimentos somato-psicológicos. Considerações finais. Os resultados deste estudo evidenciam que as categorias do sofrimento no trabalho mantêm relação com a frustração das necessidades humanas e das expectativas profissionais dos servidores. Foi enfatizada a importância do conhecimento prático para as ações de promoção de saúde no trabalho. / Objective. To describe and analyze the social representation of suffering at work among a group of employees at a Federal Judicial court. Methodology. Based on an exploratory survey, a semi-structured interview script was drafted so as to broach the following key issues: a) professional description; b) job description; c) suffering at work - how does the worker define it, explain it and feel it; d) professional expectations. A total of 37 people were interviewed, including managers and workers from 15 sectors. Results. The social representation of suffering at work was organized into 3 meaning clusters: 1) Defining features: unfairness in the workplace, cumulative workload, lack of recognition for work performed, lack of autonomy, professional stagnation ('square one' anguish), overbearing bosses; 2) Mitigating features: explicit criteria for awarding gratifications, positive social relations in the workplace, learning on the job, adequate workload management by bosses, coping strategies (affective distancing from the causes of the processes, lack of commitment to the work, pursuit of other opportunities within the institution through personal contacts, studying so as to embark on legal careers such becoming a judge, affective and intellectual engagement in outside-work dimensions of life); 3) Expressions of suffering: fear, low feeling of self-worth, despair and hopelessness, contamination of thoughts and sleep by work contents, psychosomatic ailments. Final comments. The results of this study show that the categories of suffering at work are related to frustration of human needs and workers’ professional expectations. Emphasis is given to the importance of practical knowledge for carrying out health-promotion actions in the workplace.

A Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) tem sido objeto de preocupação entre profissionais de diferentes áreas e muitas vezes é avaliada como sendo o bem-estar do trabalhador durante a execução de sua tarefa. A satisfação no trabalho tem se tornado um conceito chave dentro das pesquisas de QVT. Alguns estudos têm apontado a importância da mensuração da satisfação profissional e sugerido a associação da satisfação no trabalho com melhor Qualidade de Vida (QV) e menor índice de estresse relacionado ao trabalho e com a produtividade. No setor público fala-se pouco em Gestão da QVT, porém percebe-se que o tema vem ganhando espaço nesse setor. As pesquisas relativas ao bem-estar dos trabalhadores encaminham-se no sentido de identificar se as categorias organizacionais interferem positiva ou negativamente sobre esses. Neste estudo, considerou-se a QVT sob a perspectiva de avaliação do funcionário de dois aspectos do ambiente de trabalho: a sua ocupação específica e as ações que a Universidade desenvolve que podem influenciar o bem estar no trabalho. O objetivo geral foi estudar os determinantes da QVT dos funcionários não docentes da Universidade de São Paulo (USP). A amostra estudada era relativamente jovem, com o predomínio de mulheres, elevada escolaridade, e alta incidência de sobrepeso e obesidade, bem acima da média nacional que é de 40% de excesso de peso. Em relação a qualidade da alimentação dos funcionários a maioria (83%) necessita ser melhorada, há um baixo consumo de alimentos fonte de fibras como as frutas e as verduras e um alto consumo de carnes em geral e ovos, o que ultrapassou os limites de recomendação de proteínas e gorduras saturadas. De maneira geral, esses funcionários apresentaram-se satisfeitos com a sua QVT, fosse ela medida em relação a sua ocupação, fosse ela medida em relação às ações da USP para o seu bem-estar, fosse ainda, em relação à agregação dessas duas perspectivas. As hipóteses iniciais do estudo referiam-se ao impacto do estado nutricional sobre a QVT, mais especificamente, o efeito negativo do sobrepeso sobre a QVT; e ao impacto da QV em geral sobre a QVT. A primeira hipótese se confirmou, não importando a forma de mensurar a QVT, ao passo que a QV mostrou-se ter um papel importante apenas em relação à QVT medida em relação à ocupação específica, ao passo que a escolaridade mostrou-se importante para uma avaliação mais crítica sobre as ações da organização. Poderíamos então concluir que cuidar do estado nutricional dos seus funcionários é uma ação fundamental para melhorar não apenas o bem-estar do funcionário, mas também o nível de produtividade dentro da empresa, ao passo que funcionários com maior nível de escolaridade terão sempre um olhar mais crítico acerca das ações de QVT da organização, mesmo sendo ela do setor público. / The Quality of Life at Work (QLW) has been the object of concern among professionals in different areas and is often assessed as the welfare of the worker during the performance of their task. The satisfaction at work has become a key concept in the research of QLW. Some studies have shown the importance of measurement of job satisfaction and suggested the association of satisfaction in working with better Quality of Life (QL) and lower rate of stress related to work and productivity. In the public sector is low speech in Management of QLW, but realizes that the issue has been gaining space in that sector. The research on the welfare of workers heading is to identify whether the organizational categories interfere positively or negatively on these. In this study, it was regard the QLW from the perspective of the official assessment of two aspects of the work environment: its occupation and the specific actions that the University develops that can influence the well-being at work. The general objective was to study the determinants of QLW officials not teachers of the University of São Paulo (USP). The study sample was relatively young, with the predominance of women, high school, and high incidence of overweight and obesity, well above the national average which is 40% of excess weight. For quality of food the majority of staff (83%) needs to be improved, a low consumption of food sources of fiber such as fruits and vegetables and high consumption of meat and eggs in general, which exceeded the limits of recommendation for protein and saturated fat. In general, these employees had to be satisfied with your QLW, it was measured in relation to its occupation, it was measured in relation to shares of USP for their welfare, even in relation to aggregation of these two perspectives. Initial hypotheses of the study concerned the impact of nutritional status on the QLW, more specifically, the negative effect of overweight on the QLW and the impact of QL in general on the QLW. The first hypothesis is confirmed, no matter how to measure the QLW, while QL was shown to play an important role only in relation to QLW measure on specific occupation, while the school was found to be important for a more critical assessment of the actions of the organization. We could then conclude that care of the nutritional status of their employees is a key action to improve not only the welfare of the employee, but also the level of productivity within the company, while employees with higher level of education will always have a look more critical of the actions of QLW the organization, even if it\'s public sector.