Global ETD Search

31	Interview-based assessment of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID): A pilot study evaluating an ARFID module for the Eating Disorder Examination Schmidt, Ricarda, Kirsten, Toralf, Hiemisch, Andreas, Kiess, Wieland, Hilbert, Anja 11 August 2021 (has links) Objective Although avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) has been included as a new diagnostic entity of childhood feeding and eating disorders, there is a lack of measures to reliably and validly assess ARFID. In addition, virtually nothing is known about clinical characteristics of ARFID in nonclinical samples. Method The present study presents the development and validation of an ARFID module for the child and parent version of the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) in a nonclinical sample of N = 39 children between 8 and 13 years with underweight and/or restrictive eating behaviors. For evaluating the ARFID module's reliability, the convergence of diagnoses between two independent raters and between the child and parent module was determined. The module's validity was evaluated based on the full-length child version of the EDE, a 24 h food record, parent-reported psychosocial functioning and self-reported quality of life, and objective anthropometric measures. Results In total, n = 7 children received an ARFID diagnosis. The ARFID module showed high interrater reliability, especially for the parent version, and high convergence between child and parent report. Evidence for the module's convergent, divergent, and discriminant validity was provided. Specifically, children with versus without ARFID reported significantly less macro- and micronutrient intake and were more likely to be underweight. Discussion This pilot study indicates the child and parent version of the EDE ARFID module to be promising for diagnosing ARFID in a structured way but still necessitates a validation in a larger clinical and community-based sample. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610 ddc:610
32	Prevalence in Primary School Youth of Pica and Rumination Behavior: The Understudied Feeding Murray, Helen B., Thomas, Jennifer J., Hinz, Andreas, Munsch, Simone, Hilbert, Anja 14 November 2019 (has links) Objective: Little epidemiological evidence exists on rumination disorder behavior (RB) and pica behavior (PB). We examined prevalence of RB and PB and presence of comorbid feeding/eating disorder symptoms among school-aged children. Methods: In elementary schools in Switzerland, 1,430 children (54.0% female) ages seven to 13 completed Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire for children (ChEDE-Q) and Eating Disturbances in Youth Questionnaire (EDY-Q). Results: EDY-Q data behavior frequency showed 9.7% reported RB only, 10.0% reported PB only, and 3.1% reported RB+PB (≥1 on 0-6 Likert scale). At a clinical cut-off score of ≥4 (at least “often true”), 1.7% had RB only, 3.8% had PB only, and 1.1% had RB+PB. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder symptoms were most common in those with RB+PB, and more common in those with RB or PB than those without. Degree of eating disorder symptoms (by ChEDE-Q) over the past 28 days were similar among those with RB, PB, or RB+PB, but less common in those without RB or PB. Discussion: RB and PB were commonly reported in our sample of school-aged children, even at a potential clinically significant cut-off. Our findings also suggest that degree of eating disorder symptom comorbidity is similar between those with RB and PB. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616 ddc:616
33	Prevalence in primary school youth of pica and rumination behavior: the understudied feeding disorders Murray, Helen B., Thomas, Jennifer J., Hinz, Andreas, Munsch, Simone, Hilbert, Anja 27 January 2020 (has links) Objective: Little epidemiological evidence exists on rumination disorder behavior (RB) and pica behavior (PB). We examined prevalence of RB and PB and presence of comorbid feeding/eating disorder symptoms among school-aged children. Methods: In elementary schools in Switzerland, 1,430 children (54.0% female) ages seven to 13 completed Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire for children (ChEDE-Q) and Eating Disturbances in Youth Questionnaire (EDY-Q). Results: EDY-Q data behavior frequency showed 9.7% reported RB only, 10.0% reported PB only, and 3.1% reported RB+PB (≥1 on 0-6 Likert scale). At a clinical cut-off score of ≥4 (at least “often true”), 1.7% had RB only, 3.8% had PB only, and 1.1% had RB+PB. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder symptoms were most common in those with RB+PB, and more common in those with RB or PB than those without. Degree of eating disorder symptoms (by ChEDE-Q) over the past 28 days were similar among those with RB, PB, or RB+PB, but less common in those without RB or PB. Discussion: RB and PB were commonly reported in our sample of school-aged children, even at a potential clinically significant cut-off. Our findings also suggest that degree of eating disorder symptom comorbidity is similar between those with RB and PB. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610 ddc:610
34	The Association of Insecure Attachment on Physical and Psychological Dating Abuse: A Longitudinal Study on Young Adult Romantic Relationships During the COVID-19 Pandemic Dongarra, Marissa 14 July 2023 (has links) No description available. Clinical Psychology Young Adulthood Romantic Relationships Dating Abuse Physical Dating Abuse Psychological Dating Abuse Insecure Attachment Anxious Attachment Avoidant Attachment COVID-19 Pandemic
35	Childhood Eating and Feeding Disturbances Hilbert, Anja 20 April 2023 (has links) Eating and feeding disturbances are prevalent yet understudied health conditions in youth. They are characterized by aberrant eating behaviors, cognitive and emotional dysfunctions, and dysregulated body weight. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition defines several feeding and eating disorders with a common onset in youth; however, data on their clinical validity at young ages are lacking. Further non-normative eating behaviors exist, but their clinical relevance needs elucidation. This Special Issue compiles state-of-the-art reviews and empirical research on the presentation, development, course, and maintenance of diverse eating and feeding disturbances as a prerequisite for delineating evidence-based interventions for treatment and prevention. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610 ddc:610
36	Examining the Influence of Perceptions of a Supervisor’s Leadership Style on Levels of Psychological Ownership Among Entry Level Professionals Shouse, Reggie Lee 20 April 2017 (has links) No description available. Higher Education Educational Leadership Leadership psychological ownership accountability belongingness self-efficacy self-identity transformational transactional passive avoidant trust factor analysis student affairs higher education entry level professional supervisor
37	Early-onset restrictive eating disturbances in primary school boys and girls Kurz, Susanne, van Dyck, Zoé, Dremmel, Daniela, Munsch, Simone, Hilbert, Anja January 2015 (has links) Background. This study sought to determine the distribution of early-onset restrictive eating disturbances characteristic of the new DSM-5 diagnosis, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in middle childhood, as well as to evaluate the screening instrument, Eating Disturbances in Youth-Questionnaire (EDY-Q). Methods. A total of 1444 8- to 13-year-old children were screened in regular schools (3rd to 6th grade) in Switzerland using the self-report measure EDY-Q, consisting of 12 items based on the DSM-5 criteria for ARFID. Results. Forty-six children (3.2%) reported features of ARFID in the self-rating. Group differences were found for body mass index, with underweight children reporting features of ARFID more often than normal- and overweight children. The EDY-Q revealed good psychometric properties, including adequate discriminant and convergent validity. Conclusions. Early-onset restrictive eating disturbances are commonly reported in middle childhood. Because of possible negative short- and long-term impact, early detection is essential. Further studies with structured interviews and parent reports are needed to confirm this study’s findings. info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610 ddc:610
38	Die invloed van ekspressiewe skryfoefeninge op die werkende geheue van adolescente en jong volwassenes (The influence of expressive writing on the memory of adolescents and young adults Swart, Johanna Catherina 12 1900 (has links) Text in English / Abstracts in Afrikaans and English / Ekspressiewe skryfwerk (ES) – as ‘n metode van intervensie gemik op fisiese en geesteswelstand van deelnemers – word reeds vir ongeveer drie dekades ondersoek. Klein en Boals beweer met hul 2001-studie dat ES ook ‘n positiewe invloed uitoefen op die werkende geheue van individue. Met die huidige studie word die vraag of hierdie bevinding ook van toepassing is op adolessente en jong volwassenes van Suidelike Afrika ondersoek. Dié projek betrek aanvanklik skoolleerders (N = 44) en eerstejaar universiteitstudente (N = 83) in die Suid-Kaap en met die skryfoefeninge word ‘n komponent bygevoeg by een van die eksperimentele groepe waar kognitiewe insette saam met die emosionele onthulling verlang word. Die studie-resultate toon heelwat teenstrydighede, dog die positiewe invloed van ES op die werkspan word by ‘n goeie aantal eksperimentele groep deelnemers waargeneem. Vorige navorsing dui op ‘n verlaging in die voorkoms van indringer- en vermydingsgedagtes na ES tesame met verbeterde werkspan en hierdie verband word van nader beskou deur die huidige studie. Die moontlikheid dat woordtelling per minuut as informele meting van werkspan aanvaar kan word, sowel as die moontlike verband tussen gemoedsvlak en skryfkondisie word ook met die projek ondersoek. / During the past three decades expressive writing has been in the research spotlight as an effective method of intervention in the improvement of human well-being. In 2001 a study done by Klein and Boals claimed that expressive writing also has a positive influence on the working memory of the student participants. The current study investigates the influence of expressive writing on adolescents and young adults in the Southern Africa context. Solution-focused exercises, together with emotional expression during the writing sessions, add a cognitive component to the intervention which strive to create greater impact on working memory capacity (WMC). Previous research indicate that improvement in WMC goes hand in hand with the reduction in the prevalence of intrusive and avoidant thoughts. During the current project the relationship between working memory and these thoughts is investigated. Additionally the possibility of word count as informal measure for WMC are looked at as well as a possible association between mood level and writing condition. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology) Adolessente Ekspressiewe skrywe Gemoedsvlak Impakgedagtes Indringer-en vermydingsgedagtes Jong volwassenes Kognitiewe inset Werkende geheue Werkspan Woordtelling Adolescents Cognitive input Expressive writing Impact thoughts Intrusive and avoidant thoughts Mood level Word count Working memory Working memory capacity Young adults 808.042 English language -- Writing Long-term memory in adolescence Short-term memory
39	Tryggt anställd? : Tvärsnittsstudie om upplevd anställnings(o)trygghet, organisatorisk rättvisa och copingstrategier bland kommunal vård- och omsorgspersonal Österman, Jennifer, Molin, Johanna January 2021 (has links) En alltmer globaliserad och konkurrensutsatt ekonomi har de senaste decennierna krävt ökad flexibilitet på arbetsmarknaden. Tidigare forskning har uppmärksammat hur förändringarna påverkar anställdas attityder och välbefinnande i olika sektorer. Anställningsotrygghet, det vill säga oron över att förlora arbetet eller att arbetssituationen ska försämras, är ett väldokumenterat fenomen som visat sig ha negativ påverkan på psykisk hälsa. Få studier har dock undersökt anställningsotrygghet inom vård och omsorg. Syftet med föreliggande tvärsnittsstudie var att undersöka relationen mellan trygghet och otrygghet i anställningen, organisatorisk rättvisa samt copingstrategier för vård- och omsorgspersonal. Anställda inom kommunal vård och omsorg i Västerbotten (n = 205) besvarade en enkät om deras nuvarande anställning, arbetssituation och hur de hanterar problem kopplade till arbetet. Svarsfrekvensen uppskattades vara 12 %. Regressionsanalyserna visade att anställningstid minskar kvantitativ men inte kvalitativ anställningsotrygghet i vår data. Därtill fann vi ett negativt samband mellan anställningsotrygghet och organisatorisk rättvisa samt ett positivt samband mellan anställningsotrygghet och undvikande coping. Tvärtemot tidigare forskning fann studien inget samband mellan anställningstrygghet och problemlösande eller emotionsfokuserad coping. Sammantaget stödjer delar av resultatet tidigare forskning och belyser vikten av att studera anställningsotrygghet för yrkesgrupper med olika arbetsvillkor. / The labor market has changed dramatically during the last decades due to increased globalization and competition, and thus consequently increased the demands of flexibility. Thus, previous studies have examined the effects on employees’ attitudes and well-being in different sectors of the labor market. The negative impact of job insecurity – i.e worrying about potential job loss or loss of valued job features – on mental health is well established in the academic field of psychology. The purpose of the present thesis was therefore to investigate the relationship between job insecurity, organizational justice and coping mechanisms for health care workers in the public sector by using a cross-sectional study design. Municipality workers in Västerbotten (n = 205) answered a questionnaire concerning their current employment, work environment and how they cope with problems at work. The estimated response rate was 12 %. The regression analysis showed a statistically significant decrease of quantitative but not qualitative job insecurity in relation to job tenure. Furthermore, the results showed a negative correlation between job insecurity and organizational justice, and a positive correlation between job insecurity and avoidant coping. However, contrary to our hypothesis and previous studies no relationship was detected between job insecurity and problem-solving or emotion-focused coping. The results of this study partly supports the findings of previous research. Nevertheless it highlights the importance of research on job insecurity for employeesin different sectors with varying conditions. Job insecurity quantitative job insecurity qualitative job insecurity organizational justice procedural justice informative justice coping emotion focused coping problem-solving coping avoidant coping Anställningsotrygghet kvantitativ anställningsotrygghet kvalitativ anställningsotrygghet organisatorisk rättvisa proceduriell rättvisa informativ rättvisa coping problemlösande coping emotionsfokuserad coping undvikande coping Psychology Psykologi
40	Implicit personality and leadership in stressful and dangerous situations: a first step Smith, Daniel R. 05 April 2012 (has links) Leadership in stressful and dangerous situations is vitally important in terms of lives, property, and national strategic objectives. But our understanding of effective leadership in these and other contexts is limited. Part of the problem is that interactionist theoretical perspectives are not reflected in contemporary leadership thinking. In addition, the impact of individual differences on leadership is often misrepresented or hidden by linear correlations and regressions conducted on continuous scores. This study employed new, innovative, indirect conditional reasoning measures to assess the personalities of 627 leaders entering the militaryâ s most challenging and stressful combat leader development course (the US Army Ranger School). These innovative measures predicted compelling differences in leadership, attrition, and in the peer evaluations made during the training. Analyses conducted on the continuous personality scores demonstrate that these findings are misrepresented or hidden by linear correlations and regressions. As an alternative, I present a configural scoring scheme, couched in a poker analogy, to explain how these individual differences combine to predict the odds of success for each of the 18 personality types studied. Achievement motive Achievement Psychology Personality measurement Personality Unconscious personality Subconscious Unconscious Motivation to lead Leader motivation Leader character Implicit personality Implicit motives Conditional reasoning Leadership Power Power motive Aggression Fear of failure Submissive Submissiveness Conflict avoidance Approach motive Avoidance motive Avoidant Danger Dangerous Stress Stressful Stressful situation Dangerous situation Lethal Military Ranger SEAL Special forces Green beret Delta force Combat Channeling Configural scoring Leader performance Peer evaluation Attrition Poker Cognitive capacity Rational Rationality Volition Will power Leadership Stress (Psychology) Personality Typology (Psychology)

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