[pt] A presente dissertação propõe analisar a atuação de Gonzaga Duque como crítico de arte. Este trabalho reconstrói o percurso das influências estéticas que compuseram o universo teórico de referência para a atuação de Gonzaga Duque como crítico de arte. Esse estudo aborda com maior ênfase o engajamento simbolista do autor, mas igualmente compõe um quadro de diferentes fontes e experiências críticas citando artistas e críticos contemporâneos de seu período, como por exemplo, Baudelaire, Zola e Ruskin. Este estudo indica que Gonzaga Duque conseguia realizar uma crítica ao mesmo tempo experimental e teórica e que nutria essa certa generosidade de se manter sempre aberto aos desafios do presente, conseguindo forjar uma concepção singular de modernidade. A dissertação também se propõe analisar os artigos de crítica de arte referentes a alguns artistas relevantes no período, realizando uma análise formal concomitante com o texto do autor. Dessa forma, esse estudo permite pensar as amplitudes, mas também os limites da crítica de arte, principalmente no que tange a compreensão de certa modernidade plástica, não incorporada pelo autor, explicitando a sua condição de sujeito circunscrito no seu meio cultural. O estudo permite pensar as especificidades deste período histórico compondo um cenário social e cultural, com seus principais referenciais, indicando os aspectos singulares que permitiu ao Gonzaga Duque realizar uma crítica prol de um alargamento das fronteiras da visualidade na arte brasileira. / [en] The present dissertation aims to analyze the performance of Gonzaga Duque as an art critic. This work reconstructs the trajectory of the aesthetic influences that had composed the theoretical universe of reference for the performance of Gonzaga Duque as an art critic. This study emphasizes the relationship of the author with the Symbolism, but equally approaches different sources and critical experiences involving contemporaries` artists and critics with relevance for its period, such as Baudelaire, Zola and Ruskin. This study indicates that Gonzaga Duque has a successful acting as critic, performing at the same time experimental and a theoretical analysis opened to the challenges of the present, building a singular conception of modernity. The dissertation also aims to analyze the art reviews themselves with peculiar emphasis to some relevant artists in the period. This study it allows the meditation about the amplitude, but also the limits of the critic, mainly referring to the comprehension of a certain plastic modernity, not incorporated by the author. Finally, the study allows thinking the specificities of this historical period composing a social and cultural scene, with its main elements, indicating the singular aspects that allowed to the Gonzaga Duque to cross the borders of the Brazilian art.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Cezar Silva dos Santos.pdf: 19307334 bytes, checksum: 55803adc3efa0c7ab4fe447b347a16fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-05 / This thesis examines the relationships between advertising and urban living in the city of Belem, in the period known historically as belle epoque, between the years 1870 and 1912. From the analysis of advertising campaigns, the study focus on the construction of historical representations of the city of Belem of Para, and the evolution of advertising activity in this period. Reflecting on the representations constructed by the look of propaganda and publicity about the city of Belem, conveyed in advertisements for newspapers, almanacs and commemorative albums of the time, sought help to systematize the history of advertising activity between the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century in the Paris of the Tropics . Call belle epoque Amazon depicts the euphoria and the triumph of bourgeois society of the time over a period of effervescence economic, material and technological, from the extraction and marketing of rubber, a fact that has generated a cultural climate, intellectual and artistic which translated into new ways of think and live the life of the city of Belem. This study discusses between the years 1870 and 1912 the role and importance of advertising in this context / Esta tese analisa as relações entre a publicidade e o viver urbano na cidade de Belém, no período conhecido historicamente como belle époque, entre os anos de 1870 e 1912. A partir da análise de peças publicitárias, o estudo tem como foco a construção histórica de representações sobre a cidade de Belém do Pará, e a evolução da atividade publicitária nesse período. Ao refletir sobre as representações construídas pelo olhar da propaganda e da publicidade sobre a cidade de Belém, veiculadas nas mensagens publicitárias de jornais, almanaques e álbuns comemorativos da época, busca contribuir para a sistematização da história da atividade publicitária entre o final do século XIX e início do século XX na Paris dos Trópicos . A chamada belle époque amazônica retrata a euforia e o triunfo da sociedade burguesa da época num período de efervescência econômica, material e tecnológica, proveniente da extração e comercialização da borracha; fato que gerou um clima cultural, intelectual e artístico, que se traduziu em novos modos de pensar e viver o cotidiano da cidade de Belém. Este estudo discute, entre os anos de 1870 e 1912, o papel e a importância da publicidade nesse contexto

[pt] O presente trabalho procura analisar a coluna Cinematographo,assinada por Joe, um dos pseudônimos de Paulo Barreto, que foi publicada na Gazeta de Notícias entre agosto de 1907 e dezembro de 1910. A análise dos originais permite estabelecer a diferença entre a coluna e o livro homônimo, publicado em 1909. O estudo pretende ainda demonstrar a singularidade da narrativa do autor nesta série e a importância da crônica e da imprensa na definição do cenário cultural da Belle Époque carioca sob dois aspectos: como forma de profissionalização dos literatos e como parte do esforço de compreensão da experiência de modernização vivida pela capital federal no início do século XX. A análise também permite perceber o interesse do autor pela vida moderna assim como afirmar que o progresso técnico que marcou o período está presente tanto na forma quanto no conteúdo dessa série de crônicas. / [en] This work aims to analyze the column Cinematographo, written by Joe, one of Paulo Barreto s pseudonyms, which was published in Gazeta de Notícias from August 1907 to December 1910. The manuscripts analysis allows to set up the difference between the column and the homonym book, issued in 1909. The study also tries to show the author s unique narrative in this sequence of texts and the importance of the chronicle and of the press in the definition of the cultural scene of Belle Époque in Rio de Janeiro city under two aspects: as a way of literati professionalization and as part of the effort of comprehension of the modernization experience lived by the federal capital in the beginning of the 20th century. The analysis reveals the writer s interest in the modern life, as allows to assert that the technical progress, characteristic of the period, is present both in form and sense of these chronicles.

Cette étude esquisse les narratives concurrentes au sein de l’espace médiatique français par rapport à la perception des guerres balkaniques de 1912-1913 (guerre de civilisations contre guerre d’intérêts économiques, de libération/unification nationale, nouvelle croisade, guerre juste, contre guerre illégitime, guerre de conquête, nouvelle expédition colonialiste, discours pacifistes contre rhétoriques militaristes, approches nationalistes contre solutions fédéralistes). Elle participe également à un essai de schématisation de différents facteurs, paramètres et de leurs interactions (affinités personnelles, sensibilités idéologiques, intérêts économiques, considérations géopolitiques, couverture médiatique, représentations de Soi et de l’Autre, de l’Ici et de l’Ailleurs, du Passé, du Présent et du Futur) façonnant la perception d’un conflit par une société observatrice phénoménalement extérieure à son déroulement. Elle nous informe aussi sur les pratiques journalistiques et les goûts du public médiatique avec l’importance croissante des correspondants de guerre dans la médiatisation de la guerre et l’exigence d’une couverture sensationnelle, directe et omnisciente des événements. Elle explore également la place des Balkaniques, des Balkans et de l’histoire de cet espace dans l’imaginaire français de la Belle Époque et l’invitation des guerres balkaniques dans la vie politique, économique et socioculturelle française, à la veille de la Grande Guerre. Enfin, elle s’interroge sur le rôle des propagandes des belligérants dans la transformation de la presse en un champ de batailles médiatiques et représentationnelles, entre les acteurs directement impliqués dans le conflit et les observateurs extérieurs, s’exprimant dans l’espace médiatique français, avec comme enjeu majeur, la définition d’une entité politique et axiologique européenne. / This study outlines the competitive narratives of the 1912-1913 Balkan wars inside the French media landscape (national liberation/unification wars, new crusade, just war, versus illegitimate conquest war, new colonialist expedition, pacifist settlement versus militarist rhetoric, nationalist approaches versus federalist proposals). It is also a schematization essay of the different factors-parameters and their interactions, (personal affinities, ideological orientations, economical interests, geopolitical considerations, media coverage, representation of the Self and the Other, the Here and Elsewhere, the Past, the Present and the Future) intervening in one’s conflict perception on behalf of a phenomenally external society to its unfolding. It also informs us about journalistic practices and the media’s public tastes stretching the rising importance of war reporters and the demand for a sensational, direct and omniscient news coverage. It also explores the place of Balkan people, Balkans’ history and geography, in the imagination of French Belle Époque, as well as the way Balkan wars had been invited within French political, economical and socio-cultural life at the eve of the Great War. Finally, it questions the role of belligerents’ propagandas in the newspapers’ transformation at a media and representational battlefield between the actors directly concerned by the conflict and the external observers expressing themselves in French media, having as major stake the definition of a political and axiological European entity.

Le 29 juillet 1881, la loi sur la liberté de la presse marque le point de départ d’un développement sans précédent de la presse écrite en France. Un développement qui amène cette presse à jouer un rôle désormais essentiel dans la vie politique, sociale et culturelle de tous les français. Très rapidement, la presse du Puy-de-Dôme profite de ce bouleversement institutionnel pour se développer à son tour. Parallèlement au succès des romans feuilletons, l’actualité criminelle devient alors un des atouts commerciaux majeurs de cette presse écrite devenue populaire, et ce depuis le début des années 1860 et la naissance du Petit Journal. Tous les moyens sont bons pour faire voir à son lectorat. Les dépêches ne suffisent plus, il faut désormais se déplacer, enquêter, s’interroger et révéler, avec ou sans la collaboration des autorités judiciaires. En effet, la criminalité a depuis toujours suscité au sein de la population un éventail d’émotions aussi diverses que la peur, le dégoût, la curiosité, la réprobation et la fascination. En réponse à ces émotions, les révélations et les jugements d’actes criminels sont l’occasion pour la presse de multiplier les éloges ou d’émettre des critiques vis-à-vis du système politique et judiciaire, de s’inquiéter de la déchéance des valeurs morales, de s’effrayer des menaces anarchistes et des monstres tapis dans les ruelles et les champs. Plus que de simples outils d’information et de politisation, les journaux deviennent alors par le biais de l’actualité criminelle le relais des interrogations et des convictions de toute une société. Le but de cette réflexion est de mettre en avant les spécificités de cette représentation médiatique de la criminalité en insistant sur sa dimension provinciale et sur son évolution, des premières années du Second Empire aux dernières heures de la Belle Époque. / On July 29th 1881, the law on the freedom of the press marked the starting point of an unprecedented development in the French written press which led to its playing what then became an essential role in the social, political and cultural life of all French people. Before long, the press in Puy-de-Dôme benefited from this development, to evolve in the same way. In parallel with the success crime reports brought to serialised fiction, these crime reports became one of the major commercial assets of this newly popular written press, and had done so in particular from the beginning of the 1860s and the founding of the Petit Journal. Newspapers would stop at nothing to show the readership what was involved; dispatches no longer sufficed. From then on it became necessary to go and see, investigate, reason things out and disclose information, with or without the collaboration of the judicial authorities. Indeed, crime has always aroused a wide range of emotions in people such as fear, disgust, curiosity, reprobation and fascination. In response to these emotions, the revelations of and verdicts given for criminal acts provided the press with an opportunity to endlessly praise or else to express criticism of the political and legal system, to show concern about the decline in moral values and to be scared of anarchistic threats and of monsters hiding in alleyways and fields. More than being simple informational or politicizing tools, newspapers, through crime reports, then became the indispensable relay of the questionings and convictions of society as a whole. The aim of this reflection is to highlight the specificities of this media representation of crime while insisting on the form it took in the provinces and on its evolution in the first few years of the Second Empire and the final hours of the Belle Époque.

Le 29 juillet 1881, la loi sur la liberté de la presse marque le point de départ d'un développement sans précédent de la presse écrite en France. Un développement qui amène cette presse à jouer un rôle désormais essentiel dans la vie politique, sociale et culturelle de tous les français. Très rapidement, la presse du Puy-de-Dôme profite de ce bouleversement institutionnel pour se développer à son tour. Parallèlement au succès des romans feuilletons, l'actualité criminelle devient alors un des atouts commerciaux majeurs de cette presse écrite devenue populaire, et ce depuis le début des années 1860 et la naissance du Petit Journal. Tous les moyens sont bons pour faire voir à son lectorat. Les dépêches ne suffisent plus, il faut désormais se déplacer, enquêter, s'interroger et révéler, avec ou sans la collaboration des autorités judiciaires. En effet, la criminalité a depuis toujours suscité au sein de la population un éventail d'émotions aussi diverses que la peur, le dégoût, la curiosité, la réprobation et la fascination. En réponse à ces émotions, les révélations et les jugements d'actes criminels sont l'occasion pour la presse de multiplier les éloges ou d'émettre des critiques vis-à-vis du système politique et judiciaire, de s'inquiéter de la déchéance des valeurs morales, de s'effrayer des menaces anarchistes et des monstres tapis dans les ruelles et les champs. Plus que de simples outils d'information et de politisation, les journaux deviennent alors par le biais de l'actualité criminelle le relais des interrogations et des convictions de toute une société. Le but de cette réflexion est de mettre en avant les spécificités de cette représentation médiatique de la criminalité en insistant sur sa dimension provinciale et sur son évolution, des premières années du Second Empire aux dernières heures de la Belle Époque.

Pin-up images have played an important role in American culture, in both their illustrated and photographic configurations. The pin-up is viewed as a significant representational cultural artifact of idealistic and aspirational femininity and of consumerism and material wealth, especially reflective of the mid-twentieth century period in America spanning the 1930s to the 1960s. These images not only reflect great shifts in social mores and women’s social status, but also affected changes in both areas in turn. Furthermore, pin-up images internationally circulated in magazines, advertising and promotional material, contributed to the manner in which America was idealized in Europe and beyond. Crucially, they influenced how an eroticized and glamorous, yet unrealistic, example of femininity came to be generalized as a desirous model of femininity. In recent years there has been vital, though limited, scholarly research into the cultural and social impact of pin-up imagery, to which this thesis adds to. This thesis takes a genealogical approach, charting the development of popular female-centric “pin-up” imagery in America since the 1860s and up to the 1960s, and its resurgence since the 1980s onwards. In doing so this thesis aims to provide a social, political and cultural context to the emergence of a specific archetypal sexualized femininity, with the aim of challenging the tendency to dismiss sexualized imagery as “anti-feminist” or as trivial. Toward that end, I examine the complexity of intentions behind the production of “pin-up” images. In taking this revisionist approach I am better able to conclusively analyze the reasons for the resurgence and reappropriation of pin-up imagery in late-twentieth- and early-twenty-first-century popular culture, and consider what the gendered cultural implications may be.

Notre recherche a examiné un phénomène communicationnel susceptible d’éclairer le processus de la modernisation de la société roumaine au tournant des XIXe et XXe siècles :il s’agit de la transformation de l’édition d’une société manufacturière dans « une proto-industrie culturelle » et de la création d’une sphère publique dans ce monde en constante redéfinition. Le rapport entre la croissance des biens culturels produits par les éditeurs et celle de l’intérêt des individus pour la lecture est le centre de notre recherche. Autrement dit, nous avons évalué la fonction sociale de la littérature roumaine et le rôle des livres sur le marché des produits culturels et informationnels. L’intervalle relativement long, de 1880 à 1914, nous a permis de confronter les données spécifiques à la production de littérature d’une manière diachronique, en analysant les stratégies économiques et politiques des acteurs et aussi les conflits résultant des rapports de pouvoir entre ceux-ci. L’analyse des conditions de ces mutations a déterminé les rôles sociaux des instances, les dialogues, les confrontations entre les acteurs et les publics. Nous avons identifié une crise de la littérature roumaine originelle qui a mobilisé une sorte d’internationalisation de la production littéraire. La concurrence des biens, des marchandises culturelles « importées » de l’Occident sous la forme des traductions ou des reformulations est l’un des « potentiateurs » de la création littéraire autochtone. <p>Les lectures croisées de documents (plans éditoriaux, correspondance, presse, journaux intimes et professionnels, etc.) et de sources secondaires (histoires littéraires, travaux de critique, manuels, etc.) nous ont permis de suivre l’évolution des intentions, des objectifs, des réalités et des conséquences sur ce qu’on considère l’histoire officielle de la littérature. Les différences entre les étapes démontrent, d’une manière assez exacte, les degrés de pouvoir des forces impliquées dans la production du canon littéraire ;elles illustrent aussi l’emprise croissante de l’idéologie sur le champ culturel à partir de la fin du XIXe siècle. L’analyse diachronique des parutions éditoriales à travers les 34 années étudiées reflète les changements des politiques culturelles de l’Etat. L’analyse appliquée à la politique éducationnelle de la discipline littérature roumaine nous a permis d’envisager une modification de la stratégie de l’Etat dans ce domaine et de questionner ses effets sur la création du patrimoine national. <p>Le littéraire, acteur central de notre recherche, nous a donné la possibilité d’instrumentaliser plusieurs notions appartenant à l’histoire du livre et de l’édition. De cette manière, les tensions présentes à l’intérieur de l’analyse historique de la littérature ont été transformées en sujet de réflexion, voire de rétablissement de certaines positions de domination. Le concept d’identité bibliographique est convoqué pour réaliser une lecture diachronique d’une époque. Nous avons identifié et analysé toute une série de problématiques passionnantes, telles les relations entre les instances impliquées dans la production, la circulation et la réception des livres littéraires durant la période 1880-1914.<p><p>The PhD thesis entitled The Romanian Literary Identity. Writers, Publishers and Readers in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries examines a communication phenomenon, constituting a scientific enterprise that aims to clarify some aspects relating to the modernization of Romanian society during the Belle Époque: we have in mind the transformation of the “publishing house” from a business dealing with handmade items into a “proto-industrial culture” and the creation of a public sphere in a world constantly seeking to define itself. The relationship between the increasing number of cultural goods produced by publishers and the growing interest in reading among the people represents a main focus of this research. In other words, we tried to assess the social function of Romanian literature and the role of books on the market for cultural and informational products. By choosing a fairly long period of time (1880-1914), we were able to confront the data pertaining to literary production in a diachronic manner, analyzing the economic and political strategies of the “actors”, as well as the conflicts arising from the power relations between those actors. The analysis of the circumstances surrounding the transformations undergone by the Romanian cultural area enabled us to determine more clearly the social roles of the participants, the interactions and confrontations between actors and audiences. We could identify a crisis of the original Romanian literature, a crisis that fostered the “internationalization” of the literary production. The competition between cultural goods “imported” from the West in the form of translations or adaptations was one of the factors enhancing local literary production. <p>The cross-reading of documents (editorial plans, correspondence, press, personal and professional diaries etc.) allowed us to evaluate the evolution of the intentions, goals, realities and consequences of the official history of Romanian literature (which has its origins in this period). The differences between these stages revealed the power statuses of the forces involved in producing the literary canon; they also showed the growing influence of ideology on the cultural field since the end of the nineteenth century. The diachronic analysis of the titles published in the 34 years under scrutiny reflects the changes ocurring in the cultural policies of the state. The educational strategies concerning Romanian literature as a field of study revealed the state’s attitude change towards this area, which enabled us to assess the effects on the development of the “national literary heritage”.<p>The literary field, the central actor of our research, opened the possibility to operationalize several concepts pertaining to the history of book publishing. Thus, the tensions existing within the historical analysis of literature were transformed into a subject of reflection, even re-establishing some positions of dominance. The notion of bibliographical identity was employed in order to do a diachronic reading of the era.<p>The research conducted for this dissertation gave us the opportunity to identify and analyze a range of exciting issues, such as the relationship between the participants involved in the production, dissemination and reception of literary works between 1880 and 1914.<p> / Doctorat en Langues et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished