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Il existe dans le discours de la presse musicale américaine de nombreux de termes géographiques, dont la fonction n’est pas uniquement de localiser l’origine des courants musicaux ou d’opérer leur catégorisation par genre ou sous-genre : ces mots sont l’indice d’une véritable esthétique géomusicale, par laquelle lieux et musique se donnent sens et valeur. L’ancrage dans un lieu confère à la musique la valeur de vérité et de réalité que recouvre la notion d’authenticité, et donne lieu à des jugements esthétiques imprégnés de déterminisme géographique. Cependant, le lien avec un lieu étant considéré comme un gage de qualité, celui-ci a pu être renforcé ou fabriqué de toutes pièces par l’industrie musicale : paradoxalement, la géomusicalité serait le signe d’une manipulation, du factice, de l’inauthentique. Malgré tout, la musique ayant le pouvoir de rendre le lieu magnétique, en ce qu’il devient l’objet du désir des fans, la fiction musicale peut générer sa propre réalité. Ceci est d’autant plus le cas lorsqu’elle retient l’attention des responsables locaux, et est exploitée dans le cadre d’initiatives de développement économique, notamment sous l’angle touristique – ce qui correspond à une géomusicalité appliquée. Cette étude se donne pour objectif d’explorer les mécanismes de l’esthétique géomusicale, du discours journalistique à ses applications sur le territoire américains. Elle se conclut par une analyse des représentations de la Nouvelle-Orléans en tant que ville musicale au lendemain de l’ouragan Katrina. Les discours qui ont entouré la reconstruction du « berceau du jazz » permettent de mesurer les enjeux de l’association entre musique et lieu aux Etats-Unis, et leurs répercussions sur les identités locales. / The discourse on American popular music is fraught with geographical terms whose function is not merely to situate or to categorize music. This lexical field points to the existence of a geomusical imagination around American popular music, which attributes value and meaning to genres and styles that can be traced back to specific locales. Such rootedness is interpreted as a sign of authenticity in the musical discourse. For that reason, geographic authenticity has been fabricated by the music industry in order to increase the value of cultural products. In the same way, local authorities and the tourism industry have promoted the musical image of specifc places in order to make them more attractive to residents and visitors alike. Such initiatives can be considered as applied geomusicality, and decrease the gap between geomusical fiction and geographic reality. This study explores the many facets of geomusicality, from the American journalistic discourse to local initiatives that aim at promoting the musical image of places. It closes on a case study devoted to New Orleans after hurricane Katrina. The way the “cradle of jazz” was represented in the news and in official discourses as well as the musical reactions to the hurricane allow one to assess the many implications of geomusicality and its hold on popular imaginations.

A gestação e os primeiros tempos da vida de um bebê são fundamentais para o estabelecimento do vínculo com seus pais; além de garantir sua sobrevivência, fornecem matéria-prima para as tramas de seu psiquismo, formando um solo no qual se desenvolverão suas relações ao longo da vida. Concomitante a essa construção, transcorre um processo análogo com os pais, que se vão construindo gradativamente nessa condição ao se relacionar com o filho. No entanto, esses primeiros tempos podem ter um forte impacto em quem gera e cuida do bebê. Assim, a finalidade deste estudo é iluminar as vivências psíquicas da mulher no pós- -parto e verificar que recursos desenvolve para lidar com o trabalho psíquico necessário para enfrentar os lutos e construir e exercitar a parentalidade. Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa balizada teoricamente pela psicanálise, estudaram-se cinco duplas mãe-bebê. Houve ao menos quatro encontros como cada dupla: pelo menos um na gestação e três após o parto (uma semana, um mês e dois meses). Os encontros gestacionais se deram num lugar escolhido pela participante e os no puerpério, em sua casa. Com o instrumental da psicanálise, fizeram-se entrevistas semidirigidas e observação da relação que a mãe estabelecia com o bebê e com a pesquisadora. Analisou-se cada caso em separado e se verificaram possíveis confluências entre eles. Tendo em conta a especificidade do funcionamento psíquico materno e o impacto das exigências de um filho para quem deve ajudá-lo a viver, a pesquisa revelou a importância de considerar a amplitude dos fenômenos de gestar e cuidar. Esse papel, que toda mãe deve exercer, foi vivido, ao menos num primeiro momento, como brutal e desorganizador não só pela mulher, mas por toda a família. As dificuldades de se metabolizarem essas vivências e as perdas inerentes ao processo por exemplo, o bebê ideal, a maternidade idealizada, o narcisismo, o ritmo anterior e a rotina, entre outras podem prejudicar a construção e o exercício da parentalidade e mesmo obstar a superação do baby blues, eventualmente desencadeando fenômenos depressivos (manifestos ou encobertos). Os ganhos reais decorrentes da chegada do bebê podem ser vividos a partir desse contato com as perdas e de sua elaboração. Concluiu-se também que se devem construir mecanismos de prevenção e cuidados para a família nesses primeiros tempos de vida do bebê, com a colaboração entre as várias disciplinas envolvidas e com políticas de saúde pública. Entre as questões levantadas a esse propósito, alerta-se para o risco de se negligenciarem ou, no outro extremo, patologizarem as dores inerentes à delicada construção da parentalidade / Gestation and the first times in a babys life are fundamental to the establishment of bonds with the parents; apart from guaranteeing their survival, it provides the basis for the webs of their psychism, forming the ground on which their relationships will develop throughout their life. Concomitant to this construction, the parents go through an analogue process, gradually building themselves in this condition as they relate to the child. However, these first times may have a strong impact on who generates and cares for the baby. Thus, the aim of this study is to enlighten the womans post-partum psychic experiences and to verify the resources developed to cope with the psychic work necessary to face the grieves and to build and exercise parenthood. Through a qualitative research theoretically bound by psychoanalysis, five mother-baby pairs were studied. There were a minimum of four encounters with each pair: at least one on gestation e three post-partum (one-week, one-month and two-month old). The gestational meetings took place at a location chose by the participant and the puerperium encounters, at her home. With psychoanalysis instrumental, semi-guided interviews and observation of the relationship established by the mother with the baby and with the researcher took place. Each case was separately analyzed and possible confluences between them were verified. Taking into account the specificity of the psychic maternal functioning and the impact of the demands of a child on who must help them live, the research revealed the importance of considering the amplitude of the carrying and caring phenomena. This role, that all mothers must play, was experienced, at least at first, as brutal and disorganizing not only by the woman, but by the whole family. The difficulties of metabolizing these experiences and the losses inherent to the process for instance, the ideal baby, idealized motherhood, narcissism, the previous rhythm and the routine, among others may damage the construction and the exercise of parenthood and even thwart the overcoming of the baby blues, eventually unfolding depressive phenomena (manifest or covered). The real gains resulting from the babys arrival may be lived from this contact with the losses and its elaboration. It was also concluded that prevention and care mechanisms for the family must be built in these first times of the baby\'s life, with collaboration between the various disciplines involved and with public health policies. Amongst the issues raised to this purpose, an alert is made to the risk of neglecting or, on the other end, pathologizing the pains inherent to the delicate construction of parenthood

Diss.--Erlangen, Nürnberg--Universität, 1989.

Submitted by Fernando Souza (fernandoafsou@gmail.com) on 2017-08-17T15:58:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2509071 bytes, checksum: 7e5e11344bc01beb22fdb94bee3ccdcf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-17T15:58:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2509071 bytes, checksum: 7e5e11344bc01beb22fdb94bee3ccdcf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / This work deals with the development of a framework based on computational and optimization methods for algorithmic composition, more precisely, for the generation of guitar solos. The proposed approach was considered semiautomatic because it makes use of small melodic fragments (licks), previously created from human models. The solos generated are from the musical style Blues and they are applied over a well-known harmonic model called 12-Bar Blues. A licks database was created in which small instances containing a subset of them were randomly derived so as to diversify the possible candidates to be in the solo that will be generated. Once the instance is created, one solves an optimization problem that consists of determining the optimal sequence of a subset of licks by using a integer linear programming model. A set of rules was implemented for creating a matrix that de nes the transition cost between the licks. The outputs generated were stored in the MusicXML format and they can be read by most applications that provide support for this type of le and are capable of displaying it using the tablatures format. The solos created were evaluated by a sample of 173 subjects, classi ed as beginners, intermediates and professional musicians. A web application was developed to streamline the evaluation process. The results obtained show that the solos whose licks were optimally sequenced were statistically much better evaluated than those randomly sequenced, which indicates that the proposed methodology was capable of producing, on average, solos with a favorable percentage of acceptance. / Este trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de um framework baseado em m etodos computacionais e de otimização para a composição algoritmica, mais especifi camente, para a geração de solos de guitarra. A abordagem proposta foi considerada semiautomatica pois faz uso de pequenos fragmentos mel odicos (licks) previamente criados a partir de modelos humanos. Os solos gerados possuem caracter sticas do estilo musical Blues e s~ao aplicados sobre um modelo de harmonia bastante conhecido denominado 12-Bar Blues. Um banco de dados de licks foi criado, do qual são realizados sorteios de instâncias menores do conjunto, diversifi cando os possíveis candidatos a estarem no solo a ser gerado. De posse da inst^ancia, um problema de otimiza c~ao, que consiste em sequenciar de forma otimizada um subconjunto de licks, e resolvido utilizando um modelo de programa c~ao linear inteira. Implementou-se um conjunto de regras para a criação de uma matriz que de ne o custo de transição entre os licks. As sa das geradas s~ao armazenadas no formato MusicXML e podem ser lidas pela maioria dos aplicativos que possuam suporte a esse tipo de arquivo e disponibilizem visualiza c~ao no formato de tablaturas. Os solos criados foram avaliados por uma amostra de 173 indiv duos, classi cados como m usicos iniciantes, intermedi arios e pro fissionais. Uma aplicação web foi desenvolvida para agilizar o processo de avaliação. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os solos cujos licks foram sequenciados de forma otimizada foram estatisticamente mais bem avaliados que aqueles sequenciados aleatoriamente, indicando que a metodologia proposta foi capaz de produzir, em m edia, solos com percentual de aceitação favorável.

A gestação e os primeiros tempos da vida de um bebê são fundamentais para o estabelecimento do vínculo com seus pais; além de garantir sua sobrevivência, fornecem matéria-prima para as tramas de seu psiquismo, formando um solo no qual se desenvolverão suas relações ao longo da vida. Concomitante a essa construção, transcorre um processo análogo com os pais, que se vão construindo gradativamente nessa condição ao se relacionar com o filho. No entanto, esses primeiros tempos podem ter um forte impacto em quem gera e cuida do bebê. Assim, a finalidade deste estudo é iluminar as vivências psíquicas da mulher no pós- -parto e verificar que recursos desenvolve para lidar com o trabalho psíquico necessário para enfrentar os lutos e construir e exercitar a parentalidade. Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa balizada teoricamente pela psicanálise, estudaram-se cinco duplas mãe-bebê. Houve ao menos quatro encontros como cada dupla: pelo menos um na gestação e três após o parto (uma semana, um mês e dois meses). Os encontros gestacionais se deram num lugar escolhido pela participante e os no puerpério, em sua casa. Com o instrumental da psicanálise, fizeram-se entrevistas semidirigidas e observação da relação que a mãe estabelecia com o bebê e com a pesquisadora. Analisou-se cada caso em separado e se verificaram possíveis confluências entre eles. Tendo em conta a especificidade do funcionamento psíquico materno e o impacto das exigências de um filho para quem deve ajudá-lo a viver, a pesquisa revelou a importância de considerar a amplitude dos fenômenos de gestar e cuidar. Esse papel, que toda mãe deve exercer, foi vivido, ao menos num primeiro momento, como brutal e desorganizador não só pela mulher, mas por toda a família. As dificuldades de se metabolizarem essas vivências e as perdas inerentes ao processo por exemplo, o bebê ideal, a maternidade idealizada, o narcisismo, o ritmo anterior e a rotina, entre outras podem prejudicar a construção e o exercício da parentalidade e mesmo obstar a superação do baby blues, eventualmente desencadeando fenômenos depressivos (manifestos ou encobertos). Os ganhos reais decorrentes da chegada do bebê podem ser vividos a partir desse contato com as perdas e de sua elaboração. Concluiu-se também que se devem construir mecanismos de prevenção e cuidados para a família nesses primeiros tempos de vida do bebê, com a colaboração entre as várias disciplinas envolvidas e com políticas de saúde pública. Entre as questões levantadas a esse propósito, alerta-se para o risco de se negligenciarem ou, no outro extremo, patologizarem as dores inerentes à delicada construção da parentalidade / Gestation and the first times in a babys life are fundamental to the establishment of bonds with the parents; apart from guaranteeing their survival, it provides the basis for the webs of their psychism, forming the ground on which their relationships will develop throughout their life. Concomitant to this construction, the parents go through an analogue process, gradually building themselves in this condition as they relate to the child. However, these first times may have a strong impact on who generates and cares for the baby. Thus, the aim of this study is to enlighten the womans post-partum psychic experiences and to verify the resources developed to cope with the psychic work necessary to face the grieves and to build and exercise parenthood. Through a qualitative research theoretically bound by psychoanalysis, five mother-baby pairs were studied. There were a minimum of four encounters with each pair: at least one on gestation e three post-partum (one-week, one-month and two-month old). The gestational meetings took place at a location chose by the participant and the puerperium encounters, at her home. With psychoanalysis instrumental, semi-guided interviews and observation of the relationship established by the mother with the baby and with the researcher took place. Each case was separately analyzed and possible confluences between them were verified. Taking into account the specificity of the psychic maternal functioning and the impact of the demands of a child on who must help them live, the research revealed the importance of considering the amplitude of the carrying and caring phenomena. This role, that all mothers must play, was experienced, at least at first, as brutal and disorganizing not only by the woman, but by the whole family. The difficulties of metabolizing these experiences and the losses inherent to the process for instance, the ideal baby, idealized motherhood, narcissism, the previous rhythm and the routine, among others may damage the construction and the exercise of parenthood and even thwart the overcoming of the baby blues, eventually unfolding depressive phenomena (manifest or covered). The real gains resulting from the babys arrival may be lived from this contact with the losses and its elaboration. It was also concluded that prevention and care mechanisms for the family must be built in these first times of the baby\'s life, with collaboration between the various disciplines involved and with public health policies. Amongst the issues raised to this purpose, an alert is made to the risk of neglecting or, on the other end, pathologizing the pains inherent to the delicate construction of parenthood

All Blues is a unisex-brand that sells jewelry. They strive to communicate gender neutrality through their social media. All Blues communication strategy assume pictures on their social media speak for themselves and avoid influencing people's perceptions. All Blues says that gender neutral communication is essential to them which is what attracted and justified this study. The purpose is to seek an in-depth understanding of gender neutral fashion communication. A case study of All Blues communication will take place in order to fulfill the purpose of the study. The research questions are thereby: - How has a position on gender translated into the brand's communication strategy? - How do All Blues create a gender neutral expression through their visual communication? To investigate the purpose of the study a semi-structured interview took place with one of the owners of All Blues for deeper insight regarding how All Blues relates to gender structures. For further understanding a semiotic analysis was made with five pictures derived from All Blues social media. The analysis made it possible to identify multiple items from Butler's theory on gender along with Carey's ritual perspective on communication. The study shows that All Blues communication is partly successful regarding gender neutrality but it still has signs of classical gender norms. In addition to that, gender neutrality revealed a hegemonic male structure. Furthermore this shows how classical gender norms permeate our society. Overall communication can not be all gender neutral without accepting the classical gender norms that society is built upon.

[pt] A geografia é importante na formação do cidadão e por isso é uma disciplina presente no ensino básico, onde são trabalhados conceitos-chave como paisagem, espaço, lugar e território. Apesar de a análise geográfica ainda se restringir, em grande parte, aos elementos da percepção visual, há diversas outras possibilidades e ganhos didáticos ao serem utilizadas outras manifestações sensitivas, como as sonoras. Nesse contexto, o samba e o blues aparecem como fontes educativas para abastecer e problematizar diversos temas relevantes à prática geográfica escolar. Dessa forma, didatizar os processos de formação de ambos os estilos em recortes temporais semelhantes (virada do século XIX para o XX), porém em recortes espaciais distintos (Rio de janeiro e sul dos Estados Unidos), chamando a atenção do aluno aos fatores socioespaciais determinantes na formação de cada um. A partir de uma abordagem complexa da geografia cultural e tendo a interdisciplinaridade como horizonte pedagógico, as respectivas paisagens cariocas e sulistas são apresentadas através das influências dos registros sonoros e musicais, assim propondo-se outros métodos didáticos para o ensino da geografia na educação básica. / [en] Geography is important in the formation of citizens and that s why it is a subject present in basic education, where key concepts such as landscape, space, place and territory are worked on. Although the geographic analysis is still largely restricted to the elements of visual perception, there are several other possibilities and didactic gains when using other sensitive manifestations, such as sound. In this context, samba and blues appear as educational sources to supply and problematize various themes relevant to school geographical practice. In this way, teaching the formation processes of both styles in similar time frames (turn from the 19th to the 20th century), but in different spatial frames (Rio de Janeiro and southern United States), keeping the student s attention to sociospatial factors determinants in the formation of each one. From a complex approach to cultural geography and having interdisciplinarity as a pedagogical horizon, the respective Rio de Janeiro and southern landscapes are presented through the influences of sound and musical records, thus proposing other didactic methods for the teaching of geography in basic education.

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