abstract: RESUMEN Esta tesis investiga la escritura femenina testimonial de tres obras latinoamericanas. El testimonio de Asunta Quispe Huamán, publicado en Gregorio Condori Mamani. Autobiografía (1977), producido por Ricardo Valderrama y Carmen Escalante; Ese infierno: conversaciones de cinco mujeres sobrevivientes de la ESMA de Munú Actis, Cristina Aldini, Liliana Gardella, Miriam Lewin y Elisa Tokar (2001); y La distancia entre nosotros (2012) escrito por Reyna Grande. Los testimonios han sido analizados a través de diversas premisas teóricas compuestas de las ideas sobre la heterogeneidad latinoamericana de Antonio Cornejo Polar y teorías sobre el territorio, espacio y geografía de Henri Lefebvre, Rogerio Haesbaert, Edward Soya, Gilles Deleuze que nos han servido de plataforma para nuestro estudio. Asimismo se ha recurrido a escritos sobre el cuerpo y la frontera con teoristas feministas como Lucia Guerra, Nelly Richards, Jean Franco, Gloria Anzaldúa y Rosi Braidotti, entre otras. Este estudio se ha propuesto demostrar que estos testimonios Latinoamericanos en su polifonía social y cultural emplean discursos de dimensión multifocal que les permite reterritorializarse desde las márgenes a través de tácticas de resistencia en un proceso de permanente descolonización. Esos cuerpos nómades han sido hablados y programados por el discurso legitimador para desterritorializarlos pero ellos vuelven a reterritorializarse como “líneas de escape” que se transforman creando interconexiones de supervivencia creadora. Consecuentemente, a través del nomadismo de los sujetos analizados se forma una resistencia política que representa nuevos horizontes que son los proyectos en variados ámbitos: de género, raciales, culturales, de justicia del espacio y ambientales. Todos éstos en contrapunteo con el discurso hegemónico. / Dissertation/Thesis / Embargo / Doctoral Dissertation Spanish 2019

Organizational size is a common way to describe and understand organizations invarious settings: in every-day situations as well as in organizational research. Withinorganization theory, organizational size has been seen variously as a basic feature ofthe organization (an independent variable); as a result of a reaction to the environmentof the organization (a dependent variable); or as a basic criterion for the selectionand categorizing of empirical cases (a selective variable). Often, organizationalsize is measured through the number of employees, budget or turnover; but linked toit are also associations that might not always match the organizational reality as experiencedby those managing and working in the organization. "is mismatch can causeproblems for the organization as for its members, and illustrates that organizationalsize is not only a variable that can be operationalized quantitatively, but a figure ofthought, affecting our expectations of the organization. "e purpose of this thesis isto develop the understanding of organizational size as a figure of thought by describinghow it has been used traditionally and by developing an alternative definition ofthe concept. This is done with the help of a case study of an organization that was perceived as differentin size compared to what it was when measured traditionally. An ethnographicapproach, including shadowing, semi-structured interviews, and the collection ofprinted and digitally stored material related to the case, has generated the empiricalmaterial which has been analyzed through a narrative approach. Understanding organizational size as a figure of thought makes it apparent that thetraditional view of organizational size builds on certain implications regarding theorganization, implications not acknowledging the ongoing organizing aspects. "eempirical case illustrates that the size of the organization is not only a question ofwhere the borders around “the organization” are drawn, but when they are drawn,since it can be seen to be a continuously constructed action net. Two types of actionsare identified: actions of narrativization and actions of realization. Whereas the firsttype involves actions that lead to the emergence of narratives about the organization,the second type constitutes actions that inscribe the organization into differentmaterialities. "ese two types of actions illustrate how the borders around “theorganization” are drawn and help explain the mismatch between expectations of theorganization based on perceptions of its size. "e conclusion is that “organizationalsize” is not only something that is, but something that is done. "ese two dimensionsof the concept are called “the ostensive” and “the performative”, respectively. Eventhough “organizational size” makes “the organization” present, it has limitations as atheoretical concept if its performative dimensions are not acknowledged, since it createsa simplified impression of “the organization” as being a static entity. / QC 20100716

Immigration has over the years been looked upon in many different ways: At times, as something positive, bringing in manpower and new influences, but at other times as something negative – something bringing problems along with it. I have for a long time been interested in social interaction in general, and when it was time for meto write my thesis, I decided to narrow that phenomenon down and write about the socialintegration of immigrants. Along with that came mechanisms promoting it as well as intercultural appreciation, this because it quite simply felt very relevant to the initial subject. The purpose of this thesis was to identify and discuss social integration for immigrants and the mechanisms promoting it, as well as to investigate intercultural appreciation in Gävle, Sweden. Two semi-structured focus-group interviews were conducted with both immigrants and nativeSwedes. Analysis was guided by grounded theory. It was found that both native and immigrant Swedes appreciate each other’s cultures, but also find parts of them disturbing. For example the immigrant participants found the Swedish literature very interesting, while the native Swedish participants were very appreciative and fascinated by all the different foods that have been introduced thanks to immigrants. However, the native Swedes found muslim traditions such as the burqha to be offensive, while the immigrants found the general Swedish attitude towards strangers to be just the same. The mechanisms promoting integration were often seen as insufficient by the immigrant participants, but those that did exist, for example SFI, was very much appreciated and seen as a very important source for getting help with the Swedish language, thus integrating oneself. The study suggests more research on the subjects of both intercultural appreciation between “new” and “old” Swedes, as well as on the different mechanisms for social integration for immigrants, investigating its actual impact.

How do people construct shared views of what the organization is all about in the international, complex; company? Within a cultural perspective, organizational identity can be tmderstood as organizational members' shared views and definitions of the organization. As people make sense of actions, events, decisions, etc., shared meanings develop which provide organizational members with a sense of organization. Through an ethnographic study in the corporate setting of lKEA I have tried to create an understanding of the processes tluough which organizational identities become constructed across borders. In the study it is shown how organizational members through the processes of sense-making construct collective self-views. By drawing borders against the outside world, mirroring themselves and talking to the self, organizational members come to create definitions of what the organization is all about. In the international, complex organization, these processes take place in different national contexts and in various local spheres of meaning. In order to offset divergent views and differentiation of meanings, managers try to create a global supra-identity through the fabrication of culture. At the same time, however, there is a heterogenization of meanings as predefined meanings from the top are constantly interpreted, rejected, recreated or adopted in the local spheres. Thus, in the complex organization, there are many collective selfviews and multiple identities. The organization, then, is to be Wlderstood as an arbitrary boundary around a set of spheres of meaning that overlap and interact.Index

The ways that categories of immigration are drawn and standards of successful citizenship are measured in Canadian society influence the ways that people script themselves to appear as worthy immigrant applicants and potential Canadian citizens. For immigrant hopefuls, scripting oneself using the language of immigration and positioning oneself as a deserving and desirable immigrant is crucial for gaining mobility and passage into Canadian society. In my thesis, I explore the literature surrounding processes and concepts like borders, mobility, good citizenship, the ???white standard???, and racialization that serve as foundations and outcomes of scripting ???good??? immigrants and ???successful??? citizenship. I embed the experiences of my informants within an analysis of this literature as well as the processes of immigration outlined by Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC). I find that scripting immigrant categories and citizenship can result in immigrants enacting only a limited Canadianness. Immigrant categories involve restrictive policies that can result in exploitation. I also offer that immigrants may live a double-consciousness through their transnationalism and constituting of ???back home???. The larger hope for this project is to provide an understanding of the processes of scripting that work to make exclusive the right to be Canadian so that the vulnerability and suffering caused by the existence of hierarchies of citizenship can be tackled as a public issue and make for a more inclusive and equitable Canada.

After the change of their country’s political and international statuses, post-colonial and respectively post-communist individuals and collectives develop feelings of alienation and estrangement that do not involve physical dislocation. Eventually, they start imagining their national community as a collective of individuals who share this state. Paraphrasing Benedict Anderson’s definition of the nation as an “imagined community,” this study identifies this process as “imagined exile,” an act that temporarily compensates for the absence of a metanarrative of the nation during the post-colonial and post-communist transitions. This dissertation analyzes and compares ten English Canadian and Romanian plays, written between 1976 and 2004, and argues that they function as expressions and agents of post-colonial and respectively post-communist imagined exile, helping their readers and audiences overcome the identity crisis and regain the feeling of belonging to a national community. Chapter 1 explores the development of major theoretical concepts, such as nation, national identity, national identity crisis, post-colonialism, and post-communism. Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 analyze dramatic rewritings of historical events, in “1837: The Farmers’ Revolt” by the theatre Passe Muraille with Rick Salutin as dramaturge, and “A Cold” by Marin Sorescu, and of past political leaders, in “Sir John, Eh!” by Jim Garrard and “A Day from the Life of Nicolae Ceausescu” by Denis Dinulescu. Chapter 4 examines the expression of the individual and collective identity crises in “Sled” by Judith Thompson and “The Future Is Rubbish” by Vlad Zografi. Chapter 5 explores the treatment of physical and cultural borders and borderlands in Kelly Rebar’s “Bordertown Café”, Guillermo Verdecchia’s “Fronteras Americanas”, Petre Barbu’s “God Bless America”, and Saviana Stanescu’s “Waxing West”. The concluding chapter briefly discusses the concept of imagined exile in relation to other investigations of post-colonial and post-communist dramas and reviews some of the latest perspectives of national identity, reassessing this study from a diachronic perspective.

This thesis is about border politics, in more than one sense. It looks at the recent period of anxiety about the control of Australian national borders (approximately, from the late 1990s until the 2007 Federal election), and attempts to understand how certain assumptions about women as potential reproductive bodies permeated biopolitical discourses in Australian national culture during this period. I employ the term ‘containment’ in order to make sense of this cultural moment. With reference to the work of theorists of modernity such as Michel Foucault and Zygmunt Bauman, I argue that containment is a key discourse in modern cultures—a way of thinking and speaking about confinement, control, management and order. It structures how we think about the management of populations and is a central part of the justification for the confinement of problem populations by modern political authorities. As such, then, it describes the ways in which the use of immigration detention for unlawful non-citizen asylum seekers has been thought about and accepted as reasonable in Australian national culture. / However, a discourse of containment has also been central to the thinking about gendered bodies in modernity, in particular to assumptions about the control of women’s bodies. The assumptions about the containment of women in the modern gender order are directly linked to ideas about political status, citizenship and sovereignty in modern nation-states. Drawing on Giorgio Agamben’s notion of ‘bare life’—the life that is excluded from the protections of citizenship and thus left unprotected from violence—I attempt to make sense of the connections between the immigration detention camp as a site where the modern state exerts control over the life of the nation, and that modern state’s attempts to control reproductive and reproducing bodies. The reducing of certain people to the status of bare life is, then, a gendered process. Women and men are stripped of political status in different ways because they are assumed to have, or potentially have, different kinds of political status. / I therefore consider how ideas about women as reproductive bodies were integral to the discourse and practices of containment which underpinned the use of immigration detention in Australia. These ideas were important at a number of levels. Firstly, ideas about women as reproductive bodies infused the thinking about national borders, border control and the management of national reproduction. Secondly, a racially inflected discourse about ‘women and children’ was of central importance in shaping the ways in which male and female asylum seekers in immigration detention were treated. In the techniques used to control and manage gendered asylum-seeking bodies, key modern assumptions about women as reproductive bodies, the family, sovereignty and violence are revealed. Furthermore, I argue that many popular culture texts which attempt to make sense of, or critique, Australian national border politics have reinforced the same gendered ideas about containment, the same naturalised assumptions about the reproduction of the nation, which underpinned exclusionist border politics and the use of immigration detention. Examining the intersection of gendered and national discourses of containment in national border politics reveals the gendered violence which infuses the modern social order.

L’objectif de cette thèse est de comprendre la fabrication du texte littéraire « francophone », en reconstituant l’archéologie, du point de vue de la réception dans la presse française (revues et journaux), de cette catégorisation des œuvres écrites en français par des auteurs nés hors de France, en particulier dans les colonies. Quelle posture intellectuelle, idéologique, esthétique est observée au regard de ces écrivains ? Pour quelles raisons leurs écrits ne sont-ils jamais rattachés à la mémoire de la littérature nationale ? Quelles lectures le critique littéraire fait-il des œuvres d’auteurs issus des colonies françaises ? Quel est son rôle dans l’élaboration de la catégorie contemporaine « littérature francophone » ? Le corpus choisi débute en 1921, année où R. Maran reçoit le prix Goncourt pour Batouala et s’arrête aux lendemains de la parution des Soleils des Indépendances d’A. Kourouma en 1970. La recension critique de la presse fournit des éléments d’interprétation permettant de cerner les raisons pour lesquelles cette production littéraire, longtemps demeurée invisible, jamais rattachée à l’histoire littéraire, se trouve cantonnée à l’anthropologie et a surtout retenu l’attention pour sa dimension documentaire, revendicative.L’analyse des mécanismes mis en œuvre pour classer, trier, donc construire des frontières, des marges entre ce qui relève du fait littéraire vs non littéraire, montre les processus de fabrication du concept « littérature francophone » après les indépendances. La fabrique de cette catégorie participe à l’élaboration et à la perception d’un monde séparé, éclaté, aux antipodes de celui, poreux, hybride, créolisé promu par E. Glissant. / The objective of this thesis is to understand the manufacturing of the “Francophone” literary text, from the perspective of its reception in the French press (magazines and newspapers), restoring the archeology of this categorization of the works written by French authors born outside France, particularly in the colonies.Which is the intellectual, ideological, aesthetic posture observed towards those writers? Why are their writings never connected to the memory of the national literature? How does the literary critic read the works of authors from French colonies? What is his role in the development of the contemporary category of "francophone literature"?The corpus chosen begins in 1921, when R. Maran received the Prix Goncourt for Batouala and ends in the aftermath of the publication of The Suns of Independence by A. Kourouma in 1970.The critical review in the press provides elements of interpretation enabling the identification of the reasons why this literary production, long remained unseen, never related to literary history, is confined to anthropology and has mostly received the attention because of its documentary, revendicative dimension.The analysis of the mechanisms used to classify, sort, in order to build borders, margins between what is non-literary vs literary, shows the manufacturing process of the concept of "francophone literature" after the independence. The manufacturing of this category is involved in the development and perception of a separate, broken world at the opposite of that, the porous, hybrid, creolized, promoted by E. Glissant.

L’exécution des décisions juridictionnelles internationales soulève l’une des questions, sinon la question fondamentale qu’implique l’autorité des arrêts rendus par la plus haute instance juridictionnelle des Nations Unies : comment assurer de manière effective, en droit comme en fait, la mise en oeuvre de sentences dont l’autorité juridique est indéniable certes, mais évidemment assujettie à la (bonne) volonté des États ? D’ordinaire deux réponses semblent possibles : par l’exécution spontanée ou l’exécution forcée. Pourtant, l’expérience de la mise en œuvre de l’arrêt rendu le 10 octobre 2002 dans l’affaire de la Frontière terrestre et maritime entre le Cameroun et le Nigeria se démarque de ce schéma classique. Elle n’est ni spontanée, ni forcée mais provoquée. Devant le caractère dérisoire des sanctions possibles en cas d’inexécution, le réalisme diplomatique vient au secours de l’effectivité de la chose jugée. En effet, l’ONU (l’organe judiciaire principal et le Secrétaire général) met en place un dispositif de provocation de la négociation dans l’exécution du futur arrêt, pour n’avoir pas à intervenir sur le fondement de l’article 94 § 2 de la Charte. Dans cette hypothèse la plus sensible dans le domaine de l’exécution des arrêts de la CIJ : celle où la Cour attribue un territoire disputé à un État alors qu’un autre État l’occupe en fait, l’alchimie entre procédure juridictionnelle et procédure négociée s’avère efficace. L’exécution de l’arrêt revêt en outre une dimension originale supplémentaire grâce aux mécanismes sui generis tels que la Commission mixte Cameroun Nigeria et l’accord post-juridictionnel parrainé par l’ONU et les puissances tutrices. On ne peut avoir meilleure illustration de la contribution de l’Afrique à l’effectivité des décisions de la CIJ, comme au règlement pacifique des différends internationaux. / The implementation of international judicial decisions raises one of the questions, if not the fundamental one related to the authority of the decisions rendered by the highest Court of the United Nations. In fact the question is How to ensure effectively, the implementation of sentences whose legal authority is undeniable, but certainly and obviously depending of the (good) will of the States, in law and in fact. Usually two answers seem possible: spontaneous implementation or enforcement. However the experience of the implementation of the Judgment in Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria disregard this classic pattern. This is a preventive and early implementation by the parties and third parties, and then a delayed but effective implementation. It led to a probably unique approach in the settlement of judicial disputes. Indeed it is the first time that the UN (i. e ICJ which is the main judicial organ and the Secretary General) without delay for the foreseeable implementation’s difficulties to get involved under Article 94 § 2 of the Charter establishes an early and preventive diplomatic system of implementation. In the view of the ridiculous nature of possible sanctions for non-compliance, the diplomatic realism came to the rescue of the effectiveness of the res judicata. In this most sensitive field in implementing the judgments of the ICJ, the hypothesis in which the Court assigns a disputed territory to a state while another state occupies it in fact and of the hostility of the local populations to the change of the sovereign de facto, the merge between judicial procedure and negotiated procedure is effective. The implementation of this judgment is also original because of its sui generis mechanisms in implementing the decision such as the United Nations Joint Commission or the post-jurisdictional Agreement sponsored by the UN and witnesses States. There is no better example of the African contribution to the effectiveness of the decisions of the ICJ, as far as the peaceful settlement of international disputes is concerned.

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-01-25T18:12:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro - FINAL.pdf: 1590453 bytes, checksum: 52c352ae38564e514c9203c52e966277 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-25T18:12:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro - FINAL.pdf: 1590453 bytes, checksum: 52c352ae38564e514c9203c52e966277 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The Book of Acts of the Apostles tells an intriguing story. This research analyses the enigmatic translations of Paul and his companion’s first missionary journey in the borders of the semiosphere. Therefore, it has the purpose of discussing how the semiotic space is formed on the borders, verifying its multiple levels, and how these various semiospheres, in overlap, build a literally corpus extremely important to understand the Christianity in the first century. Besides a vast bibliographic research, this investigation begins with an exegetical study of Acts of the Apostles 13-14 through the semiotic and narrative method of analysis, in search of fundamental elements to understand an important text in the missionary process in the first decades of Christianity. This study is carried out in three chapters. The first chapter presents the theoretic instrumental that locates the current status of the question and its theoretical and methodological framework. The second chapter reports the historiography, Greek literature and the Lucan work, searching the interactions and the inter-relations in the construction of the first missionary journey literature. The third and last chapter analyses the first journey on the borders of the semiosphere, verifying the enigmatic translations in its literary block. The main purpose of this work is to answer the following question: how did the antagonism between language, identity and culture produce ambiguous translations in the borders of culture and how did the population give meaning to themes that were familiar to them in order to understand and organize enigmatic elements for themselves, in this case, the taumaturgic action and preaching of itinerant Jewish Christian missionaries? / O livro de Atos dos Apóstolos é uma história instigante. Esta pesquisa analisa as traduções enigmáticas da primeira viagem missionária de Paulo e seus companheiros nas bordas da semiosfera. Portanto, ela tem como objetivo discutir como é formado o espaço semiótico nas fronteiras, verificando os seus múltiplos níveis e como essas várias semiosferas, em sobreposição e em relação, formaram um corpo literário tão importante para entendermos o cristianismo do primeiro século. Tal análise parte de um estudo exegético da perícope de Atos dos Apóstolos 13-14 por meio da metodologia de análise narrativa e semiótica, além de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, buscando elementos fundamentais para compreendermos um texto modular no processo missionário nas primeiras décadas do cristianismo. Para melhor aproveitamento, o estudo é desenvolvido em três capítulos. O primeiro é o instrumental teórico que mapeia o estado atual da questão e o seu arcabouço teórico-metodológico. O segundo relata a historiografia, literatura grega e a obra lucana, buscando as interações e inter-relações na construção literária da primeira viagem missionaria. Por fim, o terceiro e último capítulo analisa a primeira viagem nas bordas da semiosfera, verificando as traduções enigmáticas no seu bloco literário. O principal objetivo é responder à seguinte questão: como o antagonismo entre língua, identidade e cultura produziu traduções ambíguas nas bordas da cultura e como a população atribuiu sentido aos temas e repertórios que lhes são familiares para entender e ordenar elementos que lhes são enigmáticos, no caso, a ação taumatúrgica e a pregação de missionários itinerantes judeu-cristãos.