Bilateral relations between the Central Asian nations of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan have developed acrimonious tendencies since Kyrgyzstan's latest political revolution in 2010. This thesis studies the actual mechanisms and bodies conducting statecraft while also examining the impetus and nature of relations for the past seven years. Content analysis of governmental bodies and legislation, bloc protocols, journalistic articles, and interviews conducted by various media outlets were utilized to develop a comprehensive understanding of how and why these countries cooperate or attempt to influence each other. The data gathered in this analysis posits that the presidential administrations of both countries, rather than respective government ministries, continue to wield tremendous influence in bilateral relations. Moreover, the very nature of Kyrgyzstani politics is antithetical to Kazakhstan's authoritarian model thus initiating punitive border measures by the Kazakhstani government. Keywords Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, International Relations, EEU, Borders, Central Asia

The paradox of contemporary migration in the EU is that new actors, rules, and institutions have emerged and created internal spaces where there is a gradual reorientation of the character of EU border regime. These spaces have become arenas where EU member states are re-categorizing, re-scaling, expanding, and diversifying their modes of internal migration control and enforcement. To overcome this paradox, this research seeks to explore migration policies in Sweden, Germany, and France to demonstrate that the narratives about EU common border policy is complex, uncertain, polarising, and conflicting. This paper argues that the emergence of the EU common border regime with a multiplicity of actors have created everyday bordering as a rebordering mechanism of control that threatens the idea of a common EU border, especially at the level of nation states. My theoretical approach is based on ‘everyday bordering and the politics of beloninging’. And I applied an interpretative approach in the analysis of official policy documents, academic articles, media reports, advocacy papers, NGO documents, and political speeches.

This thesis investigates how migration is framed in the public discourse of the European Union (EU) and in how far the discourse corresponds with the EU’s actions in the Mediterranean. A content analysis and critical discourse analysis of speeches and policy documents produced by the EU, identify that the discourse on migration is heavily focused on externalization and depoliticization. Migration is presented as a state of exception which allows for extraordinary measures. Biopolitics and Thanatopolitics are used as theoretical frameworks to argue that irregular migrants are places in a zone of indistinction and thus become bare life. While the EU emphasizes high human rights standards in its discourse, it fails to live up to these standards as illustrated by the EU’s alleged involvement in human rights violations in the Mediterranean.

Submitted thesis deals with political, institutional and normative roots of the Czech-Saxon cooperation and proceeds from two basic presumptions, firstly that the Czech Republic and Free State of Saxony are "sentenced" to mutual cooperation thanks to their geographical location and historical nearness and secondly that this "necessity" of cooperation was noticeably supported by an extraordinary approach of Saxony's Minister-Presidents Mr. Kurt Biedenkopf and Mr. Georg Milbradt and their shared vision of a cross-border region in the heart of Europe. This thesis was supported by a series of interviews with politicians from both sides of the border as well as by primary sources. It could not be naturally forgotten that such an international cooperation is based on daily engagement of individuals as well as on political decisions constituting environment for this cooperation - both these elements work basically on grounds of a communicating vessels principle. The thesis is divided into three main chapters - the first one provides normative and institutional background of bilateral relations, second crucial part deals with key factors of the mutual cooperation namely activities of Minister-Presidents Biedenkopf and Milbradt and finally the third part provides an overview of representative topics of...

This paper is focused on current trends in migration processes. The content is based on results of qualitative research, using the grounded theory method. This approach followed the movements of young migrants from Eastern Slovak city Košice, in different phases of development. Findings of the research were tied with relevant theories describing current processes, which are the results of intensive changes in society and create challenging environment for migration. Movements of migrants are directly connected to life perspectives and strategies in creating an optimal life conditions. The goal of the paper is to reveal behavioral similarities of migrant, in individualized and diversificated society, and to bring more comprehensive view of migration issue.

The Diploma Thesis is composed of two parts: text-based and project-based. Text-based part deals with universal use of border crossings. Most of the border crossings is in private ownership, therefore it is not known how it will be used in the future. Deputies of villages, districts and local authorities were approached because some of the border crossings lie within their competence. The intention of the private owners was discovered. The project-part deals with particular border crosing between the Czech Republic and the Slovakia Republic – Starý Hrozenkov. Zlín district is interested in reconstructing of the mentioned border crossing. A project dealing with the future purpose of the rest area, such as building a gass station, a restaurant, a relaxation zone and a space for checking vehicles, was suggested within the technical study.

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This study explores the United Kingdom’s Nationality and Borders Act’s inadmissibility criteria for asylum claims. An inadmissible asylum claim results in transferral to Rwanda to process the applicant’s claim, formalised under the Memorandum of Understanding. The study uses a normative legal method, applying international human rights law to national law to aim to determine whether the United Kingdom’s immigration law is in violation of articles 3 and 4 of the European Convention on Human Rights, as well as articles 31(1) and 33(1) of the Refugee Convention. Each article is applied respectively to sections 16 and 40 of the Nationality and Borders Act. The aim is subsequently achieved when the conclusion is reached that the Nationality and Borders Act is in breach of articles 3 and 4 of the European Convention on Human Rights, as well as articles 31(1) and 33(1) of the Refugee Convention. The results of this study highlight a discussion surrounding impermissible externalisation of asylum law, the limitations of international human rights law, and the interrelation between law and politics.

<p>Engineering graduates are called on by society to work with others to address wicked problems which incorporate a wide range of socio-technical considerations. One promising approach to more wholistically prepare students for the demands of engineering-related work and positively contributing as citizens is community-engaged learning. To help this pedagogy more closely meet its full potential, this study used the context of Engineers Without Borders USA (EWB-USA), as viewed through the lens of its alums in professional practice. It also explored individuals’ differentiated outcomes produced by the many types of variation inherent in the EWB-USA model. The goal of the project was to inform best practices for how community-engaged engineering programs can be implemented to support students’ professional preparation. This study took a QUAN QUAL explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach. The survey instrument (<em>n</em> = 268) led to non-parametric tests for group comparisons which were conducted on scores generated through exploratory factor analysis. Inductive thematic analysis was then used on the semi-structured interview transcripts (<em>n</em> = 29). EWB-USA was shown to support the transition between schooling and work through authentic experiential learning, which incorporated inherently-complex projects truly intended for implementation to meaningfully benefit end-users and engaging with a wide range of diverse stakeholders. It especially bolstered the development of competencies in project management, design and project processes, communication, diverse teaming, contextualization, addressing challenges and new situations, and functioning as a connected element of larger complex socio-technical systems. These gains were reflected in the alums’ perceived advantage in career outcomes, demonstrating their long-lasting transferability to professional practice. The results of this study also showed that while limited variations were found based on participant demographics, differences in personal experience within EWB-USA had a greater effect on outcomes. The differences found based on demographic groupings consisted of women reporting greater benefits to their confidence and sense of community. Impactful individual experience differences identified included length of time involved with EWB-USA, mentor engagement, leadership opportunities, repeating phases on different projects, seeing a project from start-to-finish, and number of trips taken to the community partner site. Across the competencies developed from the program, alums often reported perceiving greater benefits from their EWB-USA experiences once they had an opportunity to apply their learnings in professional practice.</p>

[pt] As práticas do racismo se inserem nas estruturas sociais, perpassando e orientando as políticas migratórias, a gestão de fronteiras e os aparatos de controle estatais e internacionais. Populações em refúgio cada vez mais são enquadradas pelo aparato fronteiriço de segurança que barra sua travessia e deslocamento, ou que faz com que o direito destas seja colocado à mercê, a partir de um jogo estratégico e retórico dos Estados e atores internacionais. O estudo problematiza esses processos presentes no refúgio pela chave de inteligibilidade do racismo, a fim de compreender os nexos e suas fronteiras, externas e internas, de experiências que se atualizam na diferença do que veio de fora, no seio dos Estados-Nação, em diálogo transversal com o ordenamento internacional e suas consequências para a reintegração do refugiado. / [en] Racism practices are inserted in social structures, permeating and guiding migratory policies, border management, and state and international control apparatus. Refugee populations are increasingly framed by the border security apparatus that bars their crossing and displacement or that causes their right to be placed at the mercy of a strategic and rhetorical game of States and international actors. The study problematizes these processes present in the refuge by the key to the intelligibility of racism, to understand the nexus and its borders, external and internal, of experiences that are updated in the difference of who came from outside, inside the Nation-States, in cross-sectional dialogue with international system and its consequences for the reintegration of refugees.