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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

An exploration of factors that lead to failure of small businesses in the Kagiso township

Mbonyane, Boysana Lephoi 30 November 2006 (has links)
This study examines the factors appear to lead to the failure of small businesses in the Kagiso Township. The high failure rate can be partially attributed to the lack of support that the small, medium and micro-enterprises (SMMEs) receive from support institutions as well as to their own internal weaknesses. Strategies are recommended that will help small businesses be more successful. The study was exploratory, descriptive and qualitative in nature. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data. Results indicated that the most common causes of business failure were lack of knowledge regarding legal matters, lack of funding and a general lack of business acumen. The study recommends that government should improve the effectiveness of its support mechanisms and that record keeping and cash flow management training is critical for SMEs. These recommendations, if applied properly, will ensure small businesses' success in Kagiso and the rest of South Africa. / Economics / M.Tech. (Business Administration)
12

An exploration of factors that lead to failure of small businesses in the Kagiso township

Mbonyane, Boysana Lephoi 30 November 2006 (has links)
This study examines the factors appear to lead to the failure of small businesses in the Kagiso Township. The high failure rate can be partially attributed to the lack of support that the small, medium and micro-enterprises (SMMEs) receive from support institutions as well as to their own internal weaknesses. Strategies are recommended that will help small businesses be more successful. The study was exploratory, descriptive and qualitative in nature. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data. Results indicated that the most common causes of business failure were lack of knowledge regarding legal matters, lack of funding and a general lack of business acumen. The study recommends that government should improve the effectiveness of its support mechanisms and that record keeping and cash flow management training is critical for SMEs. These recommendations, if applied properly, will ensure small businesses' success in Kagiso and the rest of South Africa. / Business Management / M.Tech. (Business Administration)
13

CIO 2.0 : Kunskapsområden och utmaningar / CIO 2.0 : Knowledge areas and challenges

Jonsson, Daniel, Schälin, Linus January 2013 (has links)
Rollen som CIO är komplicerad och i ständig förändring. Rollinnehavaren ska förändra och förbättra organisationen samtidigt som CIO-rollen skapades utifrån ett behov av att erhålla en överblick och kunskap om vilka effekter beslut får. I dagsläget ligger mycket fokus på att CIO-rollen ska bidra med ökat värde till organisationen. Det finns dock ingen tydlig definition av vad CIO-rollen närmare innebär, grundat i specifik organisation kan rollens syfte variera. Avsaknad av en generell definition och konsensus av vad CIO-rollen innebär leder till att det är problematiskt att utvärdera rollen och hur väl den fungerar inom en organisation. Med denna studie ämnar vi påbörja arbetet med att tydliggöra CIO-rollen genom att identifiera kunskapsområden som är knutna till rollen. Dessa identifieras teoretiskt och studeras sedan empiriskt för att sättas i ett verklighetsperspektiv. Vi identifierar även utmaningar, saker att vidare studera som avser att underlätta det praktiska arbetet alternativt områden som kan bidra till att rollen blir tydligare. Vår kvalitativa fallstudie kring CIO-rollen består empiriskt av tre intervjuer. I vår analys studerar vi respektive kunskapsområden, det genom att studera den teoretiska CIO:n gentemot insamlad empirisk data. Vårt resultat är sex teoretiska kunskapsområden kopplade till CIO-rollen. Av de sex teoretiska kunskapsområdena har vi valt exkludera ett kunskapsområde. Det då vi empiriskt har identifierat att kunskapsområdet konkurrensfördelskunnande inte är relevant, då i huvudsak baserat på att våra intervjuobjekt verkar inom offentlig sektor. Vi kan utifrån vår analys dra slutsatsen att kunskapsområdet konkurrensfördelskunnande inte är ett viktigt område för CIO:er inom offentlig sektor. De områden som bekräftas relevanta är; ledarskapskunnande, verksamhetskunnande, strategiskt kunnande, kommunikativt kunnande samt IT-kunnande. Utmaningar vi har identifierat som är i behov av vidare studier är exempelvis vilka effekter ger en uppdelning av CIO-rollen samt hur påverkar uttalade förväntningar CIO-rollen. De utmaningar vi identifierat i studien anser vi behöver studeras mer för att bidra till att tydliggöra rollen. / The CIO role is complicated and constantly changing. The role holder must transform and improve the organization whilst the CIO-role was created out of a need to obtain an overview and understanding of the effects decisions gets. The CIO-role is today very focused on how the role will provide increased value to the organization. However, there is no clear definition of what the CIO-role is designed to aim for resulting in variance between the goal with and reason behind CIO:s in today’s organizations. The lack of a general definition and a consensus of what the CIO-role mean leads to a problematic task to evaluate the role and how well it functions within an organization. This study intends to begin the work on clarifying the CIO-role, this by identifying knowledge areas related to the role. These are identified theoretically and then studied empirically to be viewed in a reality perspective. We do also identify challenges, which is areas that need further research, designed to facilitate the practical work or alternately areas that can contribute to the role becoming more clear. Our qualitative case study about the CIO-role consists of three empirical interviews. We study respective knowledge areas in our analysis, this by studying the theoretical CIO against the collected empirical data. Our result is six theoretical knowledge areas related to the CIO-role. Of the six theoretical knowledge areas, we have chosen to exclude one. This when we empirically identified that the knowledge area competitive advantages is irrelevant, mainly based on that our respondents is working in the public sector. We can based on our analysis conclude that the knowledge area competitive advantages is not a key area for CIO:s in the public sector. The areas that we confirm as relevant are: leadership knowledge, business knowledge, strategic knowledge, communicative knowledge and IT knowledge. Challenges we have identified as in need of further research includes for example, the effects of giving a breakdown of the CIO-role and the impact of articulated expectations on the CIO-role. The challenges we have identified in the study are in need of further research in order to help clarify the role.
14

COBOL-skills, Where art Thou? : An assessment of future COBOL needs at Handelsbanken

Khatib, Samy January 2016 (has links)
The impending mass retirement of baby-boomer COBOL developers, has companies that wish to maintain their COBOL systems fearing a skill shortage. Due to the dominance of COBOL within the financial sector, COBOL will be continually developed over at least the coming decade. This thesis consists of two parts. The first part consists of a literature study of COBOL; both as a programming language and the skills required as a COBOL developer. Interviews were conducted with key Handelsbanken staff, regarding the current state of COBOL and the future of COBOL in Handelsbanken. The second part consists of a quantitative forecast of future COBOL workforce state in Handelsbanken. The forecast uses data that was gathered by sending out a questionnaire to all COBOL staff. The continued lack of COBOL developers entering the labor market may create a skill-shortage. It is crucial to gather the knowledge of the skilled developers before they retire, as changes in old COBOL systems may have gone undocumented, making it very hard for new developers to understand how the systems work without guidance. To mitigate the skill shortage and enable modernization, an extraction of the business knowledge from the systems should be done. Doing this before the current COBOL workforce retires will ease the understanding of the extracted data. The forecasts of Handelsbanken’s COBOL workforce are based on developer experience and hiring, averaged over the last five years. The forecasts take into consideration the age developers are hired, the age the developers exit, and their cumulative growing experience while in the skills pool. The state of COBOL in 2015 is used as a baseline of COBOL needs to forecast until 2060. I.e. the rate at which COBOL systems are developed stay the same. The forecasts show that if no developers are hired, most of their experienced developers will have left by 2030. To keep their current COBOL experience level, Handelsbanken needs to keep hiring over the coming 45 years. Handelsbanken has to hire on average 8.2 developers per year until 2030, and 6.5 developers per year until 2060. I.e. Handelsbanken has been able to keep a high average of 7.6 people per year for the last five years. / Organisationer som underhåller COBOL system är oroliga inför den åldrande COBOL-arbetskraftens pensionering. COBOLs dominans inom den finansiella sektorn leder till att COBOL kod kommer att fortsätta utvecklas i minst tio år till. Den här uppsatsen är uppdelad i två delar. Första delen är en litteraturstudie om COBOL som programmeringsspråk, samt kunskapsbehovet som COBOL utvecklare. Intervjuer gjordes med nyckelpersoner inom Handelsbanken, kring det nuvarande tillståndet av COBOL och COBOLs framtid i Handelsbanken. Den andra delen består av en kvantitativ prognos kring Handelsbankens behov av COBOL utvecklare i framtiden. Prognosen bygger på data som samlats genom att skicka ut en enkät till alla COBOL utvecklare. Den fortsatta bristen på nya COBOL utvecklare på arbetsmarknaden kan skapa en kompetensbrist. Det är viktigt att samla kunskapen som de pensionerande utvecklarna bär på, eftersom ändringarna i systemen kan ha gått odokumenterade, vilket gör det väldigt svårt för nya utvecklare att förstå systemen utan vägledning. För att minska kompetensbehovet och möjliggöra modernisering av systemen, bör en extraktion av affärskunskap göras ur systemen. Att ta hjälp av utvecklarna av systemen kan avsevärt förenkla förståelsen av den extraherade informationen. Prognoserna av Handelsbankens COBOL arbetskraft baseras på data om utvecklarerfarenhet och anställning över de senaste fem åren. Prognoserna tar hänsyn till åldern när utvecklarna anställs, åldern när utvecklarna slutar, och tillväxten av deras sammanlagda erfarenhet under tiden de jobbar. Prognosen använder COBOL erfarenhetsbehovet i 2015 som en bas för prognosen. Prognosen beräknar behoven fram till år 2060. Prognoserna visar att om inga nya tillskott av utvecklare görs, så kommer de flesta av Handelsbankens erfarna utvecklare ha slutat vid år 2030. För att behålla deras nuvarande erfarenhetsnivå, så kommer Handelsbanken behöva kontinuerligt anställa utvecklare över kommande 45 åren. Handelsbanken kommer behöva anställa i genomsnitt 8,2 utvecklare per år fram till 2030, och därefter 6,5 utvecklare per år fram till 2060. Handelsbanken har lyckats ha en hög genomsnittlig anställningstakt de senaste fem åren, 7,6 personer per år.

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