Bakgrund: Demens är en av de stora folksjukdomarna i världen och med en ökad medellivslängd insjuknar fler och fler människor varje år. Demens är en kronisk kognitiv sjukdom som resulterar i psykiska-, fysiska- och motoriska symtom. Hanteringen av dessa symtom är komplext och kan förse personal, närstående och patienter med stora utmaningar. Farmakologisk behandling av demens är kontroversiellt med begränsad effekt och kan innebära starka biverkningar. Icke-farmakologiska behandlingsmetoder är få och underutnyttjade. Syfte: Att sammanställa vårdpersonalens upplevelser av musik som omvårdnadsåtgärd vid demenssjukdom. Metod: Litteraturstudien är uppbyggd på tio vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Databaserna innefattar Cinahl, PubMed och PsycINFO. Analysen av valda artiklar är baserad på Forsberg och Wengströms analysmetod för kvalitativ innehållsanalys samt kvalitetsgranskades med SBU:s kvalitetsgranskningsmall. Resultat: I analysprocessen formulerades tre övergripande huvudkategorier, vilka var musikens inverkan på symtom vid demens, musik och känslan av meningsfullhet samt musikens inverkan på kommunikationen. Resultatet visade att musik i olika former upplevdes ha positiv inverkan på patienters agitation, oro, kommunikation, minnen och fysiska färdigheter vilket upplevdes ge patienterna en känsla av meningsfullhet. Patienternas ökade kommunikationsförmåga och ändrade beteende genererade en positiv inverkan på organisatoriska faktorer och miljön på avdelningarna. Vidare sågs det finnas ett fåtal negativa aspekter kring musik som främst handlade om bristande intresse hos personal samt svårigheter i planering av utförande. Slutsats: Det visade sig att vårdpersonalen framförallt ansåg att musik var ett positivt redskap vid omvårdnad av demenssjukdom. / Background: Dementia is one of the main widespread diseases in the world and with an increased life expectancy, more and more people are diagnosed every year. Dementia is a chronic cognitive disorder that results in mental-, physical- and motor symptoms. The management of these symptoms are complex and can present great challenges to staff, relatives and patients alike. Pharmacological treatment of dementia is controversial with limited efficiency and may result in strong side effects. Non-pharmacological treatments are few and underutilized. Purpose: To compile the care staff’s experience of music as a nursing strategy in dementia care. Method: The literature study is based on ten scientific articles with a qualitative approach. The databases used include Cinahl, PubMed and PsycINFO. The analysis of the selected articles was based on Forsberg and Wengströms method of analysis for qualitative content and was quality checked with SBU: s qualitative review template. Result: The analysis process generated three main categories, which were experience of music’s impact on dementia symptoms, music and the sense of meaningfulness and music’s impact on communication. The results showed that music in different forms had a positive impact on patients’ agitation, anxiety, communication, memory and physical skills, which care staff thought gave the patients a sense of meaningfulness. The patients’ changed behaviors generated a positive impact on organizational factors and the environment of the departments. Furthermore, the results showed a few negative aspects, that mainly revolved around a lack of interests from care staff as well as difficulties in planning. Conclusion: Too summarize, the care staff found music to be a positive nursing tool in dementia care.

Bakgrund: Kommunikation utgör en viktig grund för kvalitén av hälso- och sjukvården. Genom kommunikationshinder mellan patient och sjukvårdspersonal kan inte en adekvat vård ges med hänsyn till patientens integritet, självbestämmande och delaktighet. Tolkanvändningen kan förbättra vården då kommunikationen förbättras mellan patient och sjukvårdspersonal och minskar risken för missförstånd samt ökar patientsäkerheten. Genom tydlig kommunikation har patienten en chans att vara delaktig och upplever en känsla av trygghet i den vård patienten får.  Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva tolkanvändningens betydelse för kommunikationen i vårdmötet mellan patient och sjukvårdspersonal. Metod: Denna studie består av en icke-systematiskt litteraturöversikt som är baserad på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. En integrerad dataanalys har utförts för att hitta relevanta artiklar till resultatet. De vetenskapliga artiklarna som använts i studien är inhämtade från databaserna CINAHL och PubMed och är sedan kvalitetsgranskade utifrån Sophiahemmet högskolas bedömningsunderlag. Resultatet består av två kategorier med tillhörande underkategorier.  Resultat: Resultatet i litteraturöversikten visar på att tolkanvändningen är nödvändig i mötet mellan patient och sjukvårdspersonal för att ge en adekvat vård och för att ge patienten en delaktighet och trygghet i sin vård. Trots att tolkanvändningen är nödvändig, används professionella tolkar i för låg utsträckning. Genom användningen av professionella tolkar ökar patientsäkerheten och stärker vårdrelationen.  Slutsats: Tolkanvändning inom vården har visat på ökad patientsäkerhet och välbefinnande. Trots detta så visar det på att tolkanvändningen inom hälso- och sjukvården är låg. Utebliven tolkanvändning kan leda till konsekvenser såsom längre sjukhusvistelser och att patienterna söker sig till hälso- och sjukvården upprepande gånger. Istället för professionella tolkar används familjemedlemmar för att tolka vilket har positiva men övergripande negativa konsekvenser och som inte rekommenderas. Sjukvårdspersonalen behöver ökad kunskap inom området tolkanvändning. Genom tolkanvändning kan hälso- och sjukvården arbeta för att en vårdande kommunikation ska uppstå. / Background: Communication is an important basis for the quality of healthcare. Due to communication barriers between the patient and the care staff, adequate care cannot be provided regarding to the patient's integrity, self-determination, and participation.The use of an interpreter can improve care as the communication between patient and care staff is improved and reduces the risk of misunderstandings. Through clear communication, the patient has a chance to participate and experience a sense of security in the care the patient receives. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the importance an interpreter has for the communication between patients and healthcare staff.  Method: This study consists of a non-systematic literature review based on 15 scientific articles. Integrated data analysis has been performed to find relevant articles for the results. The scientific articles used in the study were obtained from CINAHL and PubMed and then quality-examined based on Sophiahemmet University's assessment protocol. The result consists of two main groups with associated subgroups. Results: The results in the literature review show that the use of interpreters is necessary for the meeting between patients and healthcare staff to provide adequate care and provide the patient with participation and security in their care. Although the use of interpreters is necessary, interpreters are used too little. Through the use of interpreters, patient safety increases and strengthens the care-relationship. Conclusions: The use of interpreters in healthcare has shown increased patient safety and well-being. Despite this, it shows that the use of interpreters in health care is low. Failure to use an interpreter can lead to consequences such as longer hospital stays and patients seeking medical care again. Instead of professional interpreters, family members are used to interpret, which has positive but overall negative consequences, and which is not recommended. Healthcare professionals need increased knowledge in the field of interpreting. Through the use of interpreters, the health service can work to ensure that caring care is established.

No description available.

AbstractThis essay is about the visibility of everyday life in a nursing home. The thesis is based on the following questions: What characterizes the social life and conversation between staff and residents? What content has the social life and the conversation between these parties? What is the power relationship between the staff and residents?To answer these questions, we used the qualitative approach with open observations, along with interviews. The study is partly based on direct observation by an observer as a participant in a special housing, and on semi-structured interviews with seven respondents, three of them staff and four residents in the same nursing home. For the results and analysis section, we use the Grounded Theory as a method which constructs a parallel between data processing and analysis of the interviews, where we first encode, categorize and create themes. These we use then to tie our results to the symbolic interactionism, and role theory.

Bakgrund: Transpersoner är en minoritet i dagens samhälle som utsätts för diskriminering och hat och transpersoner drabbas oftare än övrig befolkning av psykisk ohälsa och suicidrisken är hög. Transpersoner upplever även okunskap hos sjuksköterskor. Teoretiska referensramen som används är livsvärldsteorin då den ser hela personen. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att beskriva transpersoners upplevelser av mötet med sjuksköterskor inom öppenvård. Metod: Kvalitativ litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats. Sökningen gjordes i databaserna Cinahl och Psyhinfo. Analysen genomfördes enligt Fribergs (2017) fem steg.  Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades med hjälp av Jönköping Universitys protokoll för kvalitetsgranskning. Nio artiklar inkluderades i litteraturöversikten. Resultat: Transpersoner möter okunskap i mötet med vården. Sjuksköterskor saknar kunskap om pronomen och olika könsidentiteter samt har svårigheter att använda rätt språk i samtal med och om denna patientgrupp. Andra upplevelser som var vanligt förekommande var diskriminering, kränkningar och i vissa sammanhang våld. Slutsats: De som arbetar i vården måste ständigt förbättra mötet och våga säga ifrån när de hör kränkande samtal med och om transpersoner. För att göra det behövs ökad kunskap, förståelse och empati för transpersoner. / Background: Transgender people are a minority in society and are exposed to discrimination and hatred. This leads to poor mental health and an increased risk of suicide. Transgender people experience discrimination and lack of knowledge from registered nurses. The theoretical framework that was used was the life world theory. Aim: To describe transgender people´s experiences of their encounters with registered nurses in the open ward. Method: Qualitative literature review with an inductive approach. The search was done in the databases Cinahl and Psyhinfo. The data was analyzed using Friberg´s five step (Friberg 2017). The articles quality was studied with Jönköping University’s guidelines for quality control. Nine articles were included. Results: Transgender people meet ignorance from nurses. Nurses lack knowledge about pronouns and different gender identities and have difficulties with the use of correct language in conversations with and about transgender people. Other experiences that were common were discrimination, violation and, in certain contexts, violence. Conclusion: Those who work in health care must constantly work to improve the meeting, and to do this, increased knowledge, understanding and empathy for trans people is needed.

No description available.

No description available.

Yes / Challenges in the recruitment and retention of care workers is a long-standing issue [1]. However, these challenges have worsened during the Covid-19 pandemic. In October 2021, there was an average staff vacancy rate of 17% [2], and in November 2021, care homes feared they would lose around 8% of their care home staff as a direct result of the policy of vaccination being a condition of deployment in care homes [3]. This has profound impacts, not only on those in care homes and receiving care at home, but on the health service as a whole, with 33% of social care providers limiting or stopping admissions from hospital [2]. Therefore, this review was undertaken to identify learning about how to support recruitment and retention of care workers during the pandemic. Methods: To identify strategies that are currently being used to support recruitment and retention of care workers, a Google search was undertaken, combining termsthat referred to the setting or role (“social care”, “care worker”) and the topics of interest (recruitment, retention), and for some searches adding in terms that referred to the type of literature being sought (“case study”). Through this, we identified that research on recruitment and retention of care workers since the pandemic was already being published and so a search was also undertaken on Google Scholar for research published since 2020. This was supplemented by a review of websites recommended by an expert working in the area: Care England, National Care Forum, Care Forum, Care Choices, Care Workers Charity, National Association of Care & Support Workers, and Skills for Care. We also reviewed the websites of NHS Confederation, NHS Employers, and the Local Government Association. Inclusion criteria were reports that included recommendations and/or examples of strategies to recruit and retain the social care workforce. While we focused on reports published since the start of the pandemic, given that recruitment and retention of care workers is a long-standing challenge, we also included some significant reports that were published before then. A number of the documents included did not provide a publication date. While many of the reports identified discussed the problems that have led to the social care workforce crisis, we limit our discussion of these in this report, instead focusing on possible solutions. Findings: From the Google and Google Scholar searches, 190 records were screened and 22 potentially relevant documents were reviewed in detail for possible inclusion. Alongside this, seven potentially relevant documents from the websites listed above were reviewed in detail for possible inclusion. From this, 21 relevant documents were identified and included in this review. These included seven documents reporting case studies, one Government report, one report based on a survey of employers, four reports based on surveys of care workers, two reports based on interviews with stakeholders, one report based on interviews and focus groups with care workers, managers, and commissioners, and one based on interviews with care workers. It quickly became apparent that potential strategies for improving recruitment of care workers were closely interlinked with strategies for improving retention of care workers. Below we consider those strategies relevant to both, before moving on to consider specific recruitment strategies and strategies focused specifically on increasing retention.

Yes / Quality of residential care for people with severe dementia is in urgent need of improvement. One reason for this may be the assumption that people with severe dementia are unaware of what is happening to them. However, there is converging evidence to suggest that global assumptions of unawareness are inappropriate. This trial platform study aims to assist care staff in perceiving and responding to subtle signs of awareness and thus enhance their practice. Methods/Design: In Stage One, a measure of awareness in severe dementia will be developed. Two focus groups and an expert panel will contribute to item and scale development. In Stage Two observational data will be used to further develop the measure. Working in four care homes, we will recruit 40 individuals with severe dementia who have no, or very limited, verbal communication. Data on inter-rater reliability and frequency of all items and exploratory factor analysis will be used to identify items to be retained. Test-retest and inter-rater reliability for the new measure will be calculated. Correlations with scores for well-being and behaviour and with proxy ratings of quality of life will provide an indication of concurrent validity. In Stage Three the new measure will be used in a single blind cluster randomised trial. Eight care homes will participate, with 10 residents recruited in each giving a total sample of 80 people with severe dementia. Homes will be randomised to intervention or usual care conditions. In the intervention condition, staff will receive training in using the new measure and will undertake observations of designated residents. For residents with dementia, outcomes will be assessed in terms of change from baseline in scores for behaviour, well-being and quality of life. For care staff, outcomes will be assessed in terms of change from baseline in scores for attitudes, care practice, and well-being. Discussion: The results will inform the design of a larger-scale trial intended to provide definitive evidence about the benefits of increasing the sensitivity of care staff to signs of awareness in residents with severe dementia. Trial Registration: ISRCTN59507580 http://www.controlled-trials.com.

<p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2002</p> / digitalisering@umu