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English language education in Brazilian private school systems is undergoing changes. Several school systems have opted for the implementation of an American high school curriculum using a Content-based Instruction (CBI) or Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) curricular framework within which students apply their language skills to learning subject specific academic content. High School International (HSI) is one of the providers of a CLIL curriculum. In this descriptive case study of the implementation of the HSI CLIL curriculum in a private boarding school in the Southeast of Brazil respective stakeholders were interviewed and their experiences have been described and analyzed. Certain critical aspects have been identified. Involvement of the school principal and administration is one of the key ingredients of a successful implementation. Planning the implementation months in advance, such as preparing the curriculum, course outlines, and schedules, training of teachers, staff, and academic coordinator, definitely eases the whole process.

Previous studies on humor in education have focused on the use of humor embedded in the presentation of content material. Some research, however, suggests that humor is an effective tool for increasing divergent thinking and information acquisition if the humor is given prior to the presentation of content material. This study used an experimental design to test if humor given prior to content presentation was more effective in helping students understand and remember information and enjoy the presentation than a control group treatment. Statistical tests did not support either hypothesis. / Ph. D.

The key objective of the diploma thesis is to evaluate tourism competitiveness in the European Union -- particularly which competitiveness rankings are related to tourism sector and what position the EU and its member states represent within them. Also, there is politics of the EU analysed, key documents are mentioned and future opportunities for tourism development are outlined in the diploma thesis. In conclusion, particular project is analysed. The project is an example of above mentioned competitiveness support in tourism sector of the EU.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of CBI-reforms on inflation in different parts of the world from a theoretical and empirical perspective. Compared to previous studies, this study focuses on whether CBI-reforms have different effects on reducing inflation in different parts of the world. The study is based on a 132 country data-set from 1980 to 2005 compiled by Daunfeldt et al. (2008). The result indicates that the reduction in inflation due to the CBI-reforms varies between 2.2 and 12.32 percentage points in Asia, Europe, South America and Oceania, supporting the claim that implementing CBI-reforms can be successful in reducing inflation in most of the parts of the world.

Framed within a Sociocultural Theory of Mind (SCT) in the field of Second Language Acquisition (Lantolf & Thorne, 2006), this dissertation explores the role of verbalizing in the internalization of grammatical categories through the use of Concept-based Instruction (henceforth CBI) in the second language (L2) classroom. Using Vygotsky's (1986) distinction between scientific and spontaneous or everyday concepts applied to L2 development (Negueruela, 2008), this study focuses on the teaching and potential development of the grammatical concept of aspect in the Spanish L2 classroom, and the role of verbalizing in its internalization. It is proposed that verbalizing mediates between the learners' initial understandings of the grammatical concept of aspect, the development of conscious conceptualizations, and students' written and oral production of preterite and imperfect grammatical forms. This study presents and analyzes data from one of the thirty-two adult college students enrolled in an advanced Spanish conversation course. Data is analyzed through a clinical analytic approach, which has its roots in Vygotsky's (1978) genetic method of analysis. The study was carried out over a 12-week period and collected multiple sets of developmental data, including learners' definition of the grammatical concept of aspect, written performance protocols, and verbalization data recorded during two oral interviews. The study interprets learner performance in these three complementary, and dialectically connected types of L2 conceptual data. A close analysis of this participant's data provides critical insights to understand the role of verbalizing in L2 conceptual development. Findings confirm that learners' verbalizations are key factors to ascertain L2 conceptual development, as well as a mediational tool that fosters learners' internalization of the grammatical concept of aspect. It is proposed that verbalizing notably contributes to research on L2 development. Not only does it allow the researcher to have a more comprehensive picture of L2 development, but it also helps learners develop a more sophisticated semantic understanding of the grammatical concept of aspect and fosters their ability to understand and control relevant grammatical features in L2 communication.

<p> This project presents the development of a lesson design format on "Introduction to Organic Chemistry" for CBI - computer-based instruction. The design is to be used with the authoring program, Private School, an intelligent delivery system database.</p> <p> The community college system has experienced many changes over the past few years. The changing political, economic and social climate has forced the community college system to re-examine how courses are delivered. Along with this, employers are demanding computer-literate students. There is a need for teachers to look at alternative delivery methods such as CBI. The addition of Computer-based learning to the chemistry curriculum at the community college is designed to do just that. CBI enhances student learning by providing an alternative delivery methodology for studying chemistry concepts, which can be abstract and difficult to comprehend.</p> <p> Computer-based learning has been slow to be implemented at community colleges. This lesson, designed for the computer courseware database, Private School, offers community college teachers a framework to use for their own curriculum initiatives, thus allaying some of the fears and anxieties associated with computer technology.</p> <p> Throughout the development of the computer-based instructional package, teacher involvement is critical. The success of such a teaching medium depends upon the commitment of the teacher/designer. The monitoring of student learning and of student progress must be built into the design.</p> <p> The instructional development model of Kemp, Morrison and Ross was used as the foundation for making decisions about instructional objectives, content, learning activities, resources, learner characteristics and student evaluation. The curriculum was then used as an example for the User Guide to help teachers with the development of their own CBI. This project describes 5 phases for the implementation of CBI into community colleges: teacher familiarization, instructional design, data entry, student familiarization and student evaluation and progress.</p> <p> CBI can provide resources for learning which are effective, richer, available for longer hours, and open to a wider range of college students. CBI also provides students with greater control over timing and pace, and there is more likelihood of resources suiting their style and stage of each student's learning.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (Teaching)

In recent years, the interest in mental strain has increased, mainly due to the increasing demands of the individual professions. The consequences of mental strain can also influence private life, so it is important to solve such situation. The diploma thesis deals with the psychological burden of the employees in a private company that produces CNC machine parts. The aim was to find out what the level of mental strain on all employees of the company is, using the method of quantitative and qualitative research. Three research questions have been identified. I have examined whether the demographic factors of the worker, the physical factors in the working environment and the way of rest after work affect the psychological burden. The investigation was carried out using three hypotheses. I assumed that a significant level of psychological burden would be present in relation to the age and that it would also vary by gender. I also expected that the differences in the level of psychological burden would be present depending on the length of the years worked in the company. A qualitative survey was conducted using sixteen open questions in a semi-structured interview. The results were divided into eleven categories and there was a mind map created for each of them. For better understanding of the mind maps, the data was extended by quantitative questionnaire research, which was implemented using standardized CBI questionnaires (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory) and the Meister questionnaire. Questionnaire survey was carried out at each workplace of the surveyed company. The data were processed statistically and graphically. Mixed research has not shown a significant level of mental strain on company employees. When compared the ratio of mental strain in relation to gender, it has shown that the strain on both men and women is the same. The length of employment in the company has not reflected into increased rates of mental strain.

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Diminishing green bond premia have been associated with the risk of greenwashing. In response, third-party verification (TPV) has emerged as a market-driven solution to mitigate risks from asymmetric information and safeguard the credibility of green bonds. This thesis examines the complexities of TPV mechanisms within the green bond market, employing a novel approach by comparing two leading verification institutions: the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) and the International Capital Market Association (ICMA). The goal is to ascertain the effectiveness of TPV and examine their impact on bond yields. Additionally, this study examines the role of these verification systems in reducing information asymmetry and mitigating the threat of greenwashing. Utilising propensity score matching, our analysis reveals a TPV premium ranging from approximately -15 to -19 basis points (bps) for green bonds verified by the CBI, while the ICMA does not reliably demonstrate a TPV premium. Furthermore, our investigation extends to the differential impact of TPV on government and corporate green bonds. We find a clearer TPV premium for corporate green bonds verified by the CBI, estimated at -21 to -23 bps, compared to government green bonds, which yielded insignificant findings. Complementing our quantitative findings, a key informant interview provides nuanced insights. We also uncover potential biases inherent in dataset preferences favouring specific verification institutions. Our research highlights the efficacy of verification through the CBI, as the advantages significantly outweigh the associated costs, making it a sensible choice for issuers. Moreover, we advocate for the adoption of uniform reporting standards to streamline administrative processes and enhance transparency, particularly for corporate green bond issuers. / Minskande premievärden på gröna obligationer har kopplats till risken för greenwashing. Som svar på detta har tredjepartsverifiering (TPV) framträtt som en marknadsdriven lösning för att minska riskerna från asymmetrisk information och säkerställa trovärdigheten hos gröna obligationer. Denna avhandling undersöker komplexiteten i TPV-mekanismer inom marknaden för gröna obligationer, genom att jämföra två ledande verifieringsinstitutioner: Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) och International Capital Market Association (ICMA). Målet är att fastställa effektiviteten av TPV och undersöka deras inverkan på obligationsräntor. Fortsättningsvis, granskar denna studie rollen av dessa verifieringssystem i att minska informationsasymmetri och motverka hotet om greenwashing. Genom att använda propensity score matching avslöjar vår analys en TPV-premie på cirka -15 till -19 baspunkter (bp) för gröna obligationer verifierade av CBI, medan ICMA inte på ett tillförlitligt sätt visar en TPV-premie. Vidare undersöker vi den differentierade effekten av TPV på gröna stats- och företagsobligationer. Vi finner en tydligare TPV-premie för företagsobligationer verifierade av CBI, uppskattad till -21 till -23 bp, jämfört med statsobligationer, som inte gav signifikanta resultat. För att komplettera våra kvantitativa resultat, ger en intervju med en nyckelinformant nyanserade insikter. Vi upptäcker även potentiell partiskhet inneboende i datasettet som gynnar specifika verifieringsinstitutioner. Vår forskning belyser effektiviteten av verifiering genom CBI, eftersom fördelarna överväger de associerade kostnaderna, vilket gör det till ett vettigt val för emittenter. Dessutom förespråkar vi antagandet av enhetliga rapporteringsstandarder för att förenkla administrativa processer och förbättra transparensen, särskilt för emittenter av gröna företagsobligationer.