Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Luiza Barreto de Andrade Fernandes Nery.pdf: 3205738 bytes, checksum: 3a964f03598b6c3416a247e0c4c13c61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / This work aims to analyze the institute of Class Arbitration, widespread in international law, but not yet incorporated into the Brazilian legal system context. In the first chapter, we intend to investigate the arbitration institute, its constitutional foundations, its jurisdictional nature, the contractual contents of its institution and the possibility of dispute settlement extrajudicially revealing to arbitration as one of the alternative ways to resolve conflicts. The second chapter aims to analyse the arbitrability of disputes arising in different areas in Law. The origin of the institute in foreign law, the analysis of nine judicial precedents of the United States and Canadian judicial systems and the possibility of meeting these two forms of conflict resolution to promote access to justice in litigations involving metaindividual rights are the subject of the third chapter. In the last chapter, the focus deals with the implementation of the elements of class action to arbitration, demonstrating the compatibility of the arbitration with the principles of collective protection and the absence of constitutional and legal obstacles to do so / Este trabalho pretende analisar o instituto da Class Arbitration, largamente difundido no direito internacional, mas ainda não incorporado ao contexto do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. O primeiro capítulo cuida da análise do instituto da arbitragem, de suas bases constitucionais, de sua natureza jurisdicional, do conteúdo negocial de sua instituição e da possibilidade de solução de controvérsias extrajudicialmente, revelando-se a arbitragem como uma das formas eficientes e modernas de pacificação de conflitos. No segundo capítulo se examina a arbitrabilidade do litígio em diversas áreas do direito. A origem do instituto no direito estrangeiro, a análise de nove precedentes judiciais dos sistemas judiciários norte-americano e canadense e a possibilidade de reunião dessas duas formas de resolução de conflitos para promoção do acesso à justiça em lides envolvendo direitos metaindividuais são os temas sob enfoque no terceiro capítulo desta tese. Por fim, o último capítulo trata da transposição dos elementos da ação coletiva para a arbitragem, demonstrando a compatibilidade do juízo arbitral com a tutela coletiva bem como a inexistência de óbices constitucionais e legais para tanto

A dissertação se ocupa da análise da coisa julgada sobre a sentença genérica coletiva de procedência que, segundo a regra do artigo 95 do Código de Defesa do Consumidor brasileiro, tem por objeto a fixação de responsabilidade do réu para efeitos da tutela coletiva de direitos individuais homogêneos. O primeiro capítulo analisa a ação civil coletiva do direito brasileiro, com particular ênfase para a repartição da atividade cognitiva entre as questões comuns, objeto da ação coletiva propriamente dita, e das questões particulares que constituem objeto das ações complementares em que se apuram a titularidade e o conteúdo dos direitos individuais a cuja tutela se direciona o procedimento. O capítulo seguinte realiza uma revisão da teoria da coisa julgada, sob a ótica da vinculação da jurisdição moderna à tutela dos direitos previamente reconhecidos pela ordem jurídica, que passam a constituir a unidade mínima estrutural do processo civil. Finalmente, o último capítulo classifica a sentença genérica coletiva como modalidade de sentença parcial de mérito e examina diferentes teorias que buscaram explicar a estabilidade desse tipo de decisão. Os resultados atingidos são aplicados para se estudar a viabilidade do estabelecimento de parâmetros de liquidação na própria sentença genérica e a obrigatoriedade das questões resolvidas pela sentença genérica em ações conexas à ação coletiva / This dissertation deals with the analysis of the effects of res judicata upon the generic collective sentence which, according to article 95 of Brazilian Consumers Defense Code, has for object the fixation of defendants liability in the context of collective redress of individual rights. First Chapter analyses the civil collective action in Brazilian law, emphasizing the bifurcation of procedure that separates the decision of common issues, which are tried in the collective suit; and of particular issues, that constitute the object of complementary suits in which are tried the ownership and contents of individual claims. The following Chapter reviews the theory of res judicata in civil procedure, under the perspective of modern jurisdictions function of protection of rights previously recognized by law, making them the minimal structural unit of civil procedure. Finally, the last Chapter classifies the generic collective sentence as a species of partial sentence on the merits, and reviews different theories that tried to explain the stability of this sort of decision in order to identify its defining features. The results achieved are applied in the study of admissibility of claim-value definition in the very generic collective sentence, as well as in the binding effect of the common issue resolution in parallel suits.

Šiame darbe yra nagrinėjamos aktualios grupės ieškinio problemos. Darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmoje dalyje yra siekiama atskleisti grupės ieškinio vietą ieškininės gynybos sistemoje, nustatoma grupės ieškinio sąvoka bei esminiai bruožai. Antroje darbo dalyje yra bandoma atriboti grupės ieškinį nuo procesinio bendrininkavimo ir procesinio atstovavimo. Trečioje darbo dalyje yra siekiama nustatyti esminius grupės ieškinio ypatumus bei su jais susijusias problemas. / Substantial problems of group action are being discussed in this master’s writing. The purpose of this writing is to discover and analyze substantial and unsolved implementation problems of group action. Also there is trying to give legal analysis, to determine possible solutions. The basis of this writing is constructed of substantial and in Lithuanian civil process doctrine not discussed questions related to group action. We are trying to analyze foreign legal practice and to find solutions how to eliminate main obstructions in group action process.

The class action is an important instrument for the enforcement of consumers' rights, particularly in personal actions for low sums known as Negative Expected Value (NEV) suits. Collective redress actions transform NEV suits into Positive Expected Value suits using economies of scale by the aggregation of smaller actions into a single legal action which is economically worthwhile pursuing. Collective redress promotes adherence to the law, deters illegal actions and furthers public interests. Collective redress also helps in the management of multiple cases in court. The introduction of a new class action model in Israel has proven to be very workable in the sense that it has improved access to justice, albeit that this system currently suffers from over-use, referred to in this work as the "flood problem". The purpose of this research is to introduce a class action model which brings with it the advantages of the Israeli model, as well as improvements upon it so as to promote consumer confidence in low figure transactions by individuals with large, powerful companies. The new model suggested in this work relies on the opt-out mechanism, monitored by regulatory bodies through public regulation or by private regulators. The reliance on the supremacy of public enforcement and follow-on actions over private stand-alone actions should make the system of collective redress more efficient than the current Israeli model, reducing the risk of a flood of actions whilst at the same time improving access to justice for large groups of claimants. Thus far, no unified European class action mechanism has been developed, and only some member states have developed their own systems. The model discussed in this work may be implemented as a unified set of rules in Europe, with some additional adjustments, such as those covering cross-border trade, to promote confidence in trade within the European Union.

, Diss--Universität Tübingen, 2008.

This paper deals with issues relating to the exercise of the social right to health. Although it has the nature of the fundamental right guaranteed in the constitutional text, citizens have difficulty in their enjoyment. The previous material providing, by the State, is absolutely essential to the exercise of this right. When necessary, can uphold the search for legal protection for such purpose. In this case, the public civil action presents like one effective act for the realization, by the citizens, of the right to health. As a collective action, its effects apply erga omnes. / Este trabalho trata das questões relativas ao exercício do direito social à saúde. Embora possua a natureza de direito fundamental garantido no texto constitucional, os cidadãos encontram dificuldade na sua fruição. A prestação material prévia, por parte do Estado, é absolutamente imprescindível para o exercício de tal direito. Quando necessária, sustentamos ser possível a busca de tutela jurisdicional para tal fim. Neste caso, a ação civil pública apresenta-se como um instrumento bastante efetivo para a concretização, por parte do cidadão, do direito à saúde. Por ser uma ação coletiva, seus efeitos se aplicam de forma erga omnes.

A dissertação se ocupa da análise da coisa julgada sobre a sentença genérica coletiva de procedência que, segundo a regra do artigo 95 do Código de Defesa do Consumidor brasileiro, tem por objeto a fixação de responsabilidade do réu para efeitos da tutela coletiva de direitos individuais homogêneos. O primeiro capítulo analisa a ação civil coletiva do direito brasileiro, com particular ênfase para a repartição da atividade cognitiva entre as questões comuns, objeto da ação coletiva propriamente dita, e das questões particulares que constituem objeto das ações complementares em que se apuram a titularidade e o conteúdo dos direitos individuais a cuja tutela se direciona o procedimento. O capítulo seguinte realiza uma revisão da teoria da coisa julgada, sob a ótica da vinculação da jurisdição moderna à tutela dos direitos previamente reconhecidos pela ordem jurídica, que passam a constituir a unidade mínima estrutural do processo civil. Finalmente, o último capítulo classifica a sentença genérica coletiva como modalidade de sentença parcial de mérito e examina diferentes teorias que buscaram explicar a estabilidade desse tipo de decisão. Os resultados atingidos são aplicados para se estudar a viabilidade do estabelecimento de parâmetros de liquidação na própria sentença genérica e a obrigatoriedade das questões resolvidas pela sentença genérica em ações conexas à ação coletiva / This dissertation deals with the analysis of the effects of res judicata upon the generic collective sentence which, according to article 95 of Brazilian Consumers Defense Code, has for object the fixation of defendants liability in the context of collective redress of individual rights. First Chapter analyses the civil collective action in Brazilian law, emphasizing the bifurcation of procedure that separates the decision of common issues, which are tried in the collective suit; and of particular issues, that constitute the object of complementary suits in which are tried the ownership and contents of individual claims. The following Chapter reviews the theory of res judicata in civil procedure, under the perspective of modern jurisdictions function of protection of rights previously recognized by law, making them the minimal structural unit of civil procedure. Finally, the last Chapter classifies the generic collective sentence as a species of partial sentence on the merits, and reviews different theories that tried to explain the stability of this sort of decision in order to identify its defining features. The results achieved are applied in the study of admissibility of claim-value definition in the very generic collective sentence, as well as in the binding effect of the common issue resolution in parallel suits.

Orientador: Salvador Antonio Mireles Sandoval / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T08:32:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_FernandoCesar_M.pdf: 21588400 bytes, checksum: 4371170ea56cb1d46274a2dd80f44246 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A presente dissertação de mestrado historiografa e analisa o movimento social contrário à instalação da Unidade Geradora de Energia Termelétrica Carioba II no município de Americana, estado de São Paulo, movimento este ocorrido no período correspondente ao Licenciamento Ambiental do empreendimento, que foi de 2000 a 2002. Através da realização de 42 entrevistas com lideranças do movimento em estudo, de levantamento de fontes documentais e de artigos e demais publicações veiculadas na imprensa, busca-se aprofundar o olhar nas características principais do fenômeno social estudado, em especial nas três cidades em que se manifestou com maior força, a saber: Americana, Santa Bárbara d¿Oeste e Piracicaba. Utilizam-se, principalmente, os ensinamentos de Alberto Melucci e Manuel Castells para o entendimento da nossa sociedade pós-industrial, dos movimentos sociais e da participação popular, aplicando estes ensinamentos ao movimento social contrário à Carioba II. Associam-se os efeitos da modernidade aos indivíduos, modificando as suas rotinas e a percepção de tempo e espaço, acentuando a individualização e a necessidade de se manter as citadas rotinas, entre outras conseqüências, enquanto obstáculos a sua adesão ao movimento social, adesão esta também influenciada pelos seus conhecimentos, experiências, crenças, redes sociais de que participa, entre outros fatores. Enfatiza-se o caráter plural, poli-classista e fragmentário, decorrente da resistência das comunidades locais, baseadas em sua identidade coletiva e nas tendências econômicas globalizantes, características essas oriundas e somente possíveis em sociedades complexas, pós-industriais e em rede. Abordam-se também a apropriação, a produção do conhecimento, pelos atores sociais pertencentes ao movimento, e a sua distribuição, utilizando inclusive as modernas tecnologias para a comunicação direta entre as lideranças do movimento e desta para com as suas bases / Abstract: The present master¿s dissertação analyzes the social movement against the installation of the Termo-Electric PlantEnergy of Carioba II in the city of Americana, state of São Paulo. The movement occurred in period during the Environmental Licensing of the plant between 2000 and 2002. Through the 42 interviews with leaders of the movement , a survey of documentary sources and articles and many publications in the local press, the study seeks to understand the main characteristics of the movement studied as it emerges in the three cities to be affected by the plant and where one finds the strength of the movement: Americana, Santa Bárbara d'Oeste and Piracicaba. We rely on the works of Alberto Melucci and Manuel Castells for theoretical support on the study of the social movement and the popular participation it mobilized in the case of the opposition to the Carioba II plant. We associate the effects of modernization through the Plant on the individuals, modifying their routines and perception of time and space, accenting the individualization and the necessity of if keeping their routines as excellent elements for their joining the social movement, also influenced by their knowledge, experiences, beliefs, social networks where theyt participated, among others factors. The emphasizes the plural, polyclass aspect of the movement and its fragmentary character, which emerges during the resistance of the local communities, as expressed in the collective identity with respect to the globalizing economic trends exemplified by the Plant. It also exams the appropriation and production of information for recruiting and securing social actors to the movement and its distribution of this information using concomitantly the modern technologies based on computer communication and the direct communication between the leadership of the movement and its base supporter / Mestrado / Educação, Sociedade, Politica e Cultura / Mestre em Educação

Magister Legum - LLM / Deceptive advertising, which is also known as false advertising, refers to a manufacturer making use of confusing, misleading, or blatantly untrue statements to promote a particular product or service. The phrase ‘false, misleading or deceptive’ was apparently adopted from North American legislation. It is important to begin by defining these key terms that are frequently used in this thesis. A ‘false’ representation means giving wrongful or incorrect information to someone. A ‘misleading’ representation can be defined as one that leads someone astray, or causes someone to have an incorrect impression or belief. A ‘deceptive’ representation is similar to a misleading representation because it is aimed at deceiving the consumer which ultimately leads to the consumer making an error in judgement. These terms are very similar to each other but there are subtle differences between them. Representations are often misleading or deceptive by virtue of it being false. A representation can, however, also be true yet still be misleading or deceptive.

In 1995 Congress passed the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act to address several perceived abuses in securities fraud class actions. In the aftermath of Enron, WorldCom, and other high profile securities litigation, critics suggest that the law made it easier for firms to escape securities fraud liability and thus created a climate conducive to fraud. Proponents maintain that the PSLRA has deterred the filing of nonmeritorious cases. This article explores whether the PSLRA achieved Congress's twin goals of "curb[ing] frivolous, lawyer-driven litigation, while preserving investors' ability to recover meritorious claims." The empirical evidence suggests that, in many respects, the PSLRA did achieve several of Congress' goals. There has been a reduction in the number of securities class actions filed. The PSLRA has improved overall case quality, particularly in the circuit with most stringent interpretation of the heightened pleading standard. In general, Congress seems to have achieved its goal of reducing the race to the court by increasing the filing delay in securities class actions. However, a stricter interpretation of the pleading standard does not affect this. The PSLRA does little to reduce the incidence of litigation for high technology issuers, but the evidence suggests that the litigation risk has substantially decreased for these issuers. Overall, the monitoring of attorney's effort increased, but institutional investors are no better at monitoring than other lead plaintiffs. The findings also suggest that lead plaintiffs forcing plaintiff's attorneys to compete for designation as lead counsel has resulted in lower attorney's fees. The observed effect is greater when the lead plaintiff is an institutional investor.