This thesis mainly aims to understand how construction of gay identity differentiates in terms of class inequalities. Regarding the conceptual framework of Deniz Kandiyoti, it inquires in what way class position reshapes the experience of gay sexuality and how gay men of different classes bargain with heteronormative order through different perceptions of homoeroticism and gender identities. In discussing this issue, how gay men identify themselves, how they represent their body, how they interact with and percieve other gay men, how they percieve masculinity and femininity in construction of gender identities engender as primary questions to understand plurality of gay experience. These featured aspects of gay experience in Turkey entail a dynamic process in the way of both multiple formation of gay experience due to class differences and contradictory character of such plurality. Perception of other forms of gay experience is included to the discussion for understanding a comprehensive analysis for plurality of gay experience.

This report summarizes the script development, pre-production, production, and post-production stages of making the short film Lost Pines. The short was produced as my graduate thesis film in the Department of Radio-Television-Film at The University of Texas at Austin in partial fulfillment of my Master of Fine Arts degree in Film Production. / text

This study measured the actual water consumption of sanitary fixtures installed in restrooms of a university building while most studies have been based on the manufacturer's reported flow rate. Furthermore, this study analyzed the appropriateness of retrofitting with low-consumption water closets and urinals based on the actual water consumption. The purpose of this study is to analyze the cost-effectiveness of water savings from retrofitting water closets and urinals in restrooms of the Langford Architecture building A at Texas A&M University. The researcher directly measured the actual water-volume per flush of as-is, tune-up, low-consumption manual, and low-consumption automatic water closets and urinals. The data collected by these observations was analyzed, and the researcher evaluated the water savings of retrofitting water closets and urinals. Finally, this study provides the actual water-consumption data of sanitary fixtures and proves that retrofitting with low-consumption fixtures can save on water costs. The results will present practical standards to facility managers and other building professionals and will also contribute to determining the feasibility of retrofitting water closets and urinals.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Tendo como sua problemÃtica central a questÃo da visibilidade conferida aos personagens gays de telenovelas, que se encontram âsaindo do armÃrioâ, em outing, ou seja, quando se assumem e tornam pÃblica a sua orientaÃÃo sexual, a pesquisa se localiza num contexto televisivo, onde as performances das relaÃÃes homo-direcionadas foram, historicamente, marginalizadas e tiveram de se ajustar a uma sociedade marcada pela heteronorma. A esse modelo disciplinador e hierÃrquico de sexos e gÃneros, colocam-se algumas reflexÃes, sem que se percam de vista as formaÃÃes discursivas que procuram criminalizar, moralizar, patologizar, invisibilizar essas masculinidades dissidentes. De igual modo, resta saber se as chamadas ânarrativas de revelaÃÃoâ e suas representaÃÃes imbricadas emergem na teledramaturgia brasileira no sentido de afirmar criativa e positivamente a sua posiÃÃo identitÃria ou re-inscrever clichÃs baseados em uma sÃrie de estigmas e preconceitos a seu respeito. Toma-se a telenovela âBabilÃniaâ como estudo de caso e analisa-se a produÃÃo discursiva em torno das cenas e diÃlogos centrados nos personagens Ivan e SÃrgio, a fim de se restituir o movimento que leva da sujeiÃÃo, condensada pela figura do armÃrio, à reinvenÃÃo de si mesmo. AtravÃs do encontro promovido entre esses dois sujeitos no decorrer da narrativa, tenta-se contemplar suas experiÃncias de vida, modos de existÃncia e seus marcadores de diferenÃa sÃcio-econÃmico, Ãtnico-racial e geracional. Ao se incitar por essas questÃes, a pesquisa adota a âhermenÃutica de profundidadeâ como referencial metodolÃgico, a partir do seu âenfoque trÃpliceâ, que engloba os campos das condiÃÃes de produÃÃo, da construÃÃo das mensagens e da recepÃÃo e apropriaÃÃo dos discursos atinentes a esses personagens. Daà se importe saber atà que ponto, nesse contexto particular, o casal gay foi atravessado por usos e efeitos exteriores à sua produÃÃo e a que preÃo os personagens puderam expressar revelando, discursiva e corporalmente, o que sentiam um pelo outro, em meio a tÃticas e censuras da autoria e boicotes de parte da audiÃncia.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2017-08-15T17:42:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michel Soares do Carmo - 2017.pdf: 2980402 bytes, checksum: c55fe77ed254b34176677e0132b1f9c6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-08-16T12:29:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michel Soares do Carmo - 2017.pdf: 2980402 bytes, checksum: c55fe77ed254b34176677e0132b1f9c6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-16T12:29:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Michel Soares do Carmo - 2017.pdf: 2980402 bytes, checksum: c55fe77ed254b34176677e0132b1f9c6 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The gay closet has been considered a dispositif of sexuality control in scholarship in diverse researching areas. In this research, we intend to study it from a language studies perspective, more specifically, from the field of study of the metapragmatics of the language in use. For that, through a digital ethnographic approach, we chose a YouTube humour channel directed to the gay public, named Põe na Roda. It was selected all videos in which the gay closet appeared implicitly or explicitly published during the two first years of the channel, from April 04th of 2014 to April 24th of 2016. We can assert the gay closet is an important element in the entextualization processes which occur in the select videos. It presents metapragmatic functions and is central in metapragmatic discourses articulated to gender, and to the hierarchized binary “outside X inside”. The channel makes use of diverse semiotic resources to give support to indexicalization processes and metapragmatic discourses and evaluations, which try to present the gay closet as an uniform and simple set. Such strategies indicate a series of historical accruals that, besides helping to organize practices related to gay performances and identities, can be associated with determined forms of homosexual subjectivation, at the same time in which they reveal certain communicable cartographies about these processes of subjectivation and about what is possible to communicate concerning the gay closet in this specific context The argumentative line is, therefore, that indexicality and metapragmatic construal in these evaluations work to produce and communicate modes of being in the language and in sexuality. In this sense, production of gays subjectivities, rather, is, simultaneously, presupposed and projected in relations involving both being in the gay closet and coming out. / O armário gay tem sido considerado um dispositivo de controle de sexualidade em pesquisas em diversas áreas do conhecimento. Neste estudo, pretende-se estudá-lo a partir de um ponto de vista dos estudos sobre linguagem, mais especificamente, o campo dos estudos das metapragmáticas da língua em uso. Para tal, por meio de uma abordagem etnográfica digital, foi escolhido um canal de humor do YouTube voltado para o público gay chamado Põe na Roda. Foram selecionados para análise todos os vídeos em que o tema do armário gay aparecesse implícita ou explicitamente no período dos dois primeiros anos do canal, 15/04/2014 a 24/04/2016. Pode-se dizer que o armário é um elemento importante nos processos de entextualização que ocorrem nestes vídeos. Ele também apresenta função metapragmática e é central em discursos metapragmáticos articulados a gênero e ao binarismo hierarquizado “fora X dentro”. O canal apresenta o uso de diversos recursos semióticos para dar suporte a processos de indexicalização e discursos e avaliações metapragmáticas, que tentam apresentar o armário como um conjunto uniforme e simples. Tais estratégias indiciam uma série de acúmulos históricos que, além de ajudarem a organizar práticas vinculadas a performances e identidades gays, podem ser associados a determinadas formas de subjetivação homossexual, ao mesmo tempo em que revelam certas cartografias comunicáveis sobre estes processos de subjetivação e sobre o que é possível dizer sobre o armário neste contexto específico. O argumento é, portanto, que tanto a indexicalidade como a construção metapragmática dessas avaliações funcionam para produzir e comunicar modos de ser na linguagem e na sexualidade. Neste sentido, a produção de subjetividades gays é tanto pressuposta quanto projetada nas relações que envolvem tanto o se manter dentro quanto o sair do armário.

This study offers the reader an opportunity to glimpse the world and narrative of a gay man recently come out of the closet and to be invited to participate in his search for improved understanding of his sense of identity. It is a study of autobiographical works in order to gain insight into the changes occurring in the author’s sense of identity but is also in itself an autobiographical work. It is a reflection on the author’s story and an interpretation of aspects of that story, using selected documents written by him over a period of time, in order to highlight specific changes that occur in his sense of identity. The aim of this study is to generate some insight into the sense of identity of a gay man, and optimistically other marginalised groups of people, with specific focus on the changes that have occurred over. This study will be approached from a social constructionist paradigm using qualitative and interpretative methods to analyse the various autobiographical works. This will provide information on the changes that occur over time in a gay man’s sense of identity. / Dissertation (MA (Counselling Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Psychology / MA / unrestricted

Bakgrund: Utbredningen av dolda indexfonder har visat sig starkt relaterat till ett lands regelverk och avsaknad av konkurrens på fondmarknaden i form av uttalade indexfonder (Cremers et al. 2013). Då Sverige är ett av de länder som placerar sig i topp vad gäller utbredning av dolda indexfonder (Cremerset al. 2013), är detta remarkabelt med tanke på att Sverige har ett effektivt och välfungerande juridisktsystem (Heritage Foundation 2016). Detta har föranlett oss att undersöka förekomsten av doldaindexfonder i Sverige, samt identifiera och analysera möjliga orsaker till val av aktivitetsgrad utifrånsåväl yttre som inre faktorer. Syfte: Uppsatsen syfte är att med anledning av att det framkommit att dolda indexfonder är vanligt förekommande på den svenska fondmarknaden, undersöka aktivitetsgraden i svenska aktiefonder, samt identifiera och analysera möjliga orsaker till val av aktivitetsgrad. Genomförande: Studien genomförs med ett kvantitativt angreppssätt för att möjliggöra ett statistiskt säkerställt resultat kring aktiviteten på den svenska fondmarknaden. Aktivitetsgraden på den svenskafondmarknaden mäts, genom active share, för att sedan ligga till grund för tester angående hur olika karaktärsdrag påverkar en fonds aktivitet. Avslutningsvis undersöks hur studiens resultat kan kopplas till de spelregler som gäller på den svenska fondmarknaden. Slutsats: Studiens resultat visar på att drygt hälften, 52 %, av de påstått aktivt förvaltade fonderna under mätperioden 2005-2015, i själva verket är att betrakta som dolda indexfonder. Resultatet visar dock också på att det under mätperioden skett en kraftig förbättring av fonders aktivitetsgrad, samt att fler fonder förvaltas aktivt på den svenska marknaden. Fondens inriktning, såväl som om fonden är förvaltad av en storbank, har en signifikant negativ påverkan på fondens aktivitet. Det kan till stor del förklaras av att rådande regelverk och den svenska aktiemarknadens storlek, indirekt uppmuntrar fonder till en lägre aktivitetsgrad. / Background: The existence of closet index funds has been shown highly correlated to regulations andcompetition of explicit index funds on a market (Cremers et al. 2013). Despite its strong regulations andpresence of explicit index funds, studies have shown that Sweden has a high amount of closet indexfunds. This fact has led to our interest in examining the presence of closet index funds on the Swedish market, and to try to identify and analyze potential characteristics of a fund that affect its choice ofactivity rate. Aim: The aim of the study is, by reason of the proven high presence of closet index funds on the Swedish market, to examine the activity rate within the funds, and to identify and analyze potential characteristics that affects it. Completion: The study is conducted through quantitative research. The activity rate of the fund marketis measured through active share and then analyzed for how different characteristics influence the funds activity rate. Eventually the results of the study are being analyzed for if and how they are concatenated to the rules of the Swedish fund market. Conclusion: The result of the study shows that 52 % of the predicated actively managed funds were actually proven to be closet index funds. However, the result also shows that the degree of active share has generally risen, and that more funds are being actively managed in Sweden. The alignment of the fund, as well as if the fund is managed by a major bank, are proven to have a significant negative impactof the activity of the fund. This negative relationship is largely linked to the regulations as well as the size of the Swedish stock market, which creates incentives for low activity of the funds.

Nous proposons de construire un atlas numérique 3D contenant les caractéristiques moyennes et les variabilités de la morphologie d’un organe. Nos travaux seront appliqués particulièrement à la construction d'un atlas numérique 3D de la totalité de la cornée humaine incluant la surface antérieure et postérieure à partir des cartes topographiques fournies par le topographe Orbscan II. Nous procédons tout d'abord par normalisation de toute une population de cornées. Dans cette étape, nous nous sommes basés sur l'algorithme de recalage ICP (iterative closest point) pour aligner simultanément les surfaces antérieures et postérieures d'une population de cornée vers les surfaces antérieure et postérieure d'une cornée de référence. En effet, nous avons élaboré une variante de l'algorithme ICP adapté aux images (cartes) de cornées qui tient compte de changement d'échelle pendant le recalage et qui se base sur la recherche par voisinage via la distance euclidienne pour établir la correspondance entre les points. Après, nous avons procédé pour la construction de l'atlas cornéen par le calcul des moyennes des élévations de surfaces antérieures et postérieures recalées et leurs écarts-types associés. Une population de 100 cornées saines a été utilisée pour construire l'atlas cornéen normal. Pour visualiser l’atlas, on a eu recours à des cartes topographiques couleurs similairement à ce qu’offrent déjà les systèmes topographiques actuels. Enfin, des observations ont été réalisées sur l'atlas cornéen reflétant sa précision et permettant de développer une meilleure connaissance de l’anatomie cornéenne. / We propose to build a 3D digital atlas which contains the average characteristics and variability of the morphology of an organ. In particular our work consists in the construction of a 3D digital atlas of the entire human cornea including anterior and posterior surfaces. The atlas was built using topographies provided by the Orbscan II system. First, we normalized the given population of corneas using a variant of the ICP (iterative closest point) algorithm for shape registration to fit simultaneously the anterior and posterior surfaces with the anterior and posterior surfaces of a reference cornea. Indeed, we developed a specific algorithm for corneas topographies that considers scaling during registration and which is based on neighborhood search via the Euclidean distance to find the correspondence between points. After that, we built the corneal atlas by averaging elevations of anterior and posterior surfaces and by calculating their associated standard deviations. A population of 100 healthy corneas was used to construct the normal corneal atlas. To illustrate the atlas, we used topographic color maps like those already offered by existing topographic systems. Finally, observations were made on the corneal atlas that reflects its precision and allows to develop a better understanding of corneal anatomy.

The aim of this thesis is to study representations of identity and (in)visibility in Swedish lesbian novels written in the 1930s, and to provide a summary of Swedish lesbian literature up to the early 21st century. This study has been done through a close reading primarily of Charlie by Margareta Suber (1932), Fröknarna von Pahlen by Agnes von Krusenstjerna (1930–1935) and Kris by Karin Boye (1934). Lesbian literature is discussed as a loose category, a construction which can be used as an analytical tool in a conscious and reflexive way, with its basis in the categories of author, text and reader. In short, I define lesbian literature as novels written by women, about lesbian figures and/or relationships, and for lesbian readers in the sense that the literature depicts lesbians from an insider’s perspective. As regards the period before 1930, the focus is on romantic friendship and the excitement zone when the romantic friendship becomes a sexual one, as seen in the fictitious case of Sin fars dotter (1920) by Lydia Wahlström. Sexological theories, the image of “the new woman” and changes to the law all colour the first half of the 20th century. This is seen in Charlie by Margareta Suber, where the author makes use of many such explanations in her creation of a lesbian figure. A reading of Fröknarna von Pahlen by Agnes von Krusenstjerna shows an intricate pattern of relationships at its heart. My analysis charts several same-sex couples, a lesbian single woman and two collectives; that is to say, the female collective and the male homosexual collective. The relationships between women are many-faceted and include everything from romantic friendship, kinship and sensualism to eroticism and shared parenthood. In my analysis of Kris by Karin Boye, I focus on Malin, the main character, and the development of her sense of identity, in which the struggle between the language of the world around her and her own emotional experience of love for a woman is a central theme. After the 1930s, the historical context changed in terms of everything from decriminalisation in 1944 via the homophobic panic of the 1950s to the impact of queer theory in the 1990s. Swedish lesbian literature addresses everything from crime of passion (murder) to the coming out process of young women. There exists in all novels from the 1930s an interplay that is (in)visible: the characters or lesbian relationships depicted are both visible and invisible at the same time. The characters are more or less aware of the potential risks attached to being visible as a lesbian, and often they do not notice themselves when this occurs. During the course of the 20th century, (in)visibility becomes replaced by openness and secrecy, and the visibility of the lesbian characters is politicised. / The abstract is translated by Janet French.

Nous proposons de construire un atlas numérique 3D contenant les caractéristiques moyennes et les variabilités de la morphologie d’un organe. Nos travaux seront appliqués particulièrement à la construction d'un atlas numérique 3D de la totalité de la cornée humaine incluant la surface antérieure et postérieure à partir des cartes topographiques fournies par le topographe Orbscan II. Nous procédons tout d'abord par normalisation de toute une population de cornées. Dans cette étape, nous nous sommes basés sur l'algorithme de recalage ICP (iterative closest point) pour aligner simultanément les surfaces antérieures et postérieures d'une population de cornée vers les surfaces antérieure et postérieure d'une cornée de référence. En effet, nous avons élaboré une variante de l'algorithme ICP adapté aux images (cartes) de cornées qui tient compte de changement d'échelle pendant le recalage et qui se base sur la recherche par voisinage via la distance euclidienne pour établir la correspondance entre les points. Après, nous avons procédé pour la construction de l'atlas cornéen par le calcul des moyennes des élévations de surfaces antérieures et postérieures recalées et leurs écarts-types associés. Une population de 100 cornées saines a été utilisée pour construire l'atlas cornéen normal. Pour visualiser l’atlas, on a eu recours à des cartes topographiques couleurs similairement à ce qu’offrent déjà les systèmes topographiques actuels. Enfin, des observations ont été réalisées sur l'atlas cornéen reflétant sa précision et permettant de développer une meilleure connaissance de l’anatomie cornéenne. / We propose to build a 3D digital atlas which contains the average characteristics and variability of the morphology of an organ. In particular our work consists in the construction of a 3D digital atlas of the entire human cornea including anterior and posterior surfaces. The atlas was built using topographies provided by the Orbscan II system. First, we normalized the given population of corneas using a variant of the ICP (iterative closest point) algorithm for shape registration to fit simultaneously the anterior and posterior surfaces with the anterior and posterior surfaces of a reference cornea. Indeed, we developed a specific algorithm for corneas topographies that considers scaling during registration and which is based on neighborhood search via the Euclidean distance to find the correspondence between points. After that, we built the corneal atlas by averaging elevations of anterior and posterior surfaces and by calculating their associated standard deviations. A population of 100 healthy corneas was used to construct the normal corneal atlas. To illustrate the atlas, we used topographic color maps like those already offered by existing topographic systems. Finally, observations were made on the corneal atlas that reflects its precision and allows to develop a better understanding of corneal anatomy.