This study gathers demographic data on members of three Dallas racquet clubs, determines what media will reach club members, discerns facilities that members expect from their racquet club, and suggests ways the data can be used in an image program. Five chapters make up this study. Chapter I explains the purposes of the study and tells how research was conducted. Chapter II explains the steps in building a corporate image. Chapter III gives research results. Chapter IV explains how data gathered it into the total image program for a racquet club. Chapter V concludes. Members desired good tennis facilities above anything else in a racquet club.

In the 1880s, two cycling clubs formed in New Orleans—the New Orleans Bicycle Club in 1881 and the Louisiana Cycling Club in 1887. These clubs were institutions of Victorian middle class culture that, like other athletic clubs, arose from the conditions of urban modernity and Victorian class anxieties. The NOBC, like other American cycling clubs, conformed to Victorian values of order and respectability. The attitudes and activities of the LCC, whose membership was younger, reflected instead a counter-Victorian ethos. This paper examines these two clubs in the context of late Victorian culture in New Orleans as it responded both to the conditions of urban modernity common to American cities in this period and to the particular cultural situation of New Orleans at the end of the nineteenth century, including proximity to and amalgamation with the recently-dominant, non-Anglo culture of the Creoles.

La thèse porte sur les comportements de consommation durable des ménages. Lorsque les comportements de consommation permettent de retirer une utilité individuelle, au détriment de l’intérêt général, ils peuvent être analysés comme un dilemme social. Les expériences de jeu de bien public permettent de tester des comportements en situation de dilemme social. Consommer de manière durable peut être considéré comme une contribution volontaire à un bien public. La problématique est de mieux comprendre les mécanismes de contribution volontaire à des biens collectifs qui génèrent des externalités. Trois expériences nous permettent d’analyser les différences de contributions entre un bien privé et des biens publics, mal(s) publics et biens clubs. Plus particulièrement, nous nous intéressons aux externalités négatives d’un mal public, à l’exclusivité du bien club et aux effets de la présence de biens collectifs multiples. / This thesis focuses on the sustainable consumer behaviour of households. When consumer behaviours allow for individual utility, at the expense of public interest, these can be analysed as a social dilemma. Experiments in public good games allow for testing behaviours of individuals subjected to social dilemma situations. Sustainable consumption can be considered as a voluntary contribution to a public good. The objective is to better understand the mechanisms behind voluntary contributions to public goods that generate externalities. Three experiments will allow us to analyse the differences in contributions between a private good and public goods, public bad(s) and club goods. We focus on the negative externalities of a public bad, the exclusivity of the club good and the effects of multiple public goods.

Business decisions have a massive impact on the world — in fact we could clearly see it and feel it how devastating was the global economic crisis in 2008. Until now the global economy has been trying to recover. There is no doubt that when the forces in control of the economy fail to act responsibly, everyone suffers. If we obsess over the short term, we’ll never be sustainable in the long term. When we find a way to create value while also acting in the best interests of society and the planet, everyone benefits. Though these forces may sometimes seem to be out of our control, the reality is that we all have a part to play. The way we choose to behave as a professional and as a member of the business community has an incredibly important impact. Non-profit student-led organization Oath Club is a response to the lack of awareness and education for future business leaders in business schools. By promoting ethical behaviors Oath Club aims to develop new quality of self-integrity within management students. By understanding the Oath our members will represent a personal commitment to lead with purpose, act with integrity, and understand the reach, power, and responsibility of business. With this believe and commitment Oath Club members will be spreading the idea and leading by example to creating sustainable values for their organizations and communities they function in.

The aim of the research – to reveal the needs, motives and the realized physical activity needs of the visitors of the sport – club „64“ and the health – club „Viktorija“. The object of the research – the needs, motives and the realized physical activity needs of the visitors of the sport – club „64“ and the health – club „Viktorija“. The goals of the research – to find out the needs of the visitors of the sport – club „64“ and the health – club „Viktorija“; to analyze the motives that make the respondents to visit training; to measure the realized physical activity needs of the respondents. The methods of the research – the analysis of scientific literature, from questioning, mathematic statistics. The research contingent has been comprised of 68 women. The research was accomplished in 2004 in the sport – club „64“ and the health – club „Viktorija“ that work according to different methodology. The research has 4 stages. During the research from questioning was done. The results of the sport – club „64“ and health – club „Viktorija“ have been compared. It has been noticed that the main needs of the visitors are: to be healthy and strong, to respect themselves, to get along with families and friends, to love, to be loved and to have a job. The main motives that make the respondents visit sport and health clubs are: the wish to be healthy and strong; the wish to relax, to be fresh and energetic despite every – day problems and stresses; therefore, to have a good... [to full text]

Créé en 1974, le Club de l’Horloge s’est donné comme projet originel de donner une doctrine à la droite qu’il juge affaiblie après les événements de mai 68. Ce projet doctrinal s’inspire fortement des travaux du Groupement de Recherche et d’Etudes pour la civilisation européenne (GRECE) fondé en 1968 par d’anciens militants d’extrême-droite du groupe Europe-Action. Plusieurs des fondateurs du Club ont été formés et ont occupé des responsabilités au sein du GRECE. Ils rompent formellement avec lui en 1979 après la campagne de presse sur la « nouvelle droite ». Laboratoire idéologique, le Club de l’Horloge joue un rôle important auprès des formations de la droite dans l’élaboration de leurs programmes, surtout après la défaite de 1981. Après la percée électorale du Front national en 1984 et son maintien dans le paysage politique, plusieurs fondateurs et responsables du Club de l’Horloge décident de rejoindre cette formation. Ils prennent rapidement des responsabilités au sein de ce parti, militant pour l’alliance entre la droite et l’extrême droite pensant que les programmes sont convergents. Marqués par leur formation idéologique d’origine, les membres du Club de l’Horloge ne voient pas l’antagonisme entre la droite et le FN et sous-estiment le poids de la communication politique sur les idées. Ils perdent rapidement après 1989 leur investissement politique au sein du RPR et de l’UDF et pris dans les jeux d’appareils, se retrouvent en dehors du Front national en 1999 Le Club de l’Horloge devient alors un « club fantôme », même si plusieurs de ses idées et de ses thèses continuent de structurer le débat politique français / The Club de l’Horloge was founded in 1974 with the original purpose to provide a doctrine to the Right, which the Club considered to have been weakened after the events of May 1968. This doctrinal project was strongly inspired by work of the Groupement de recherche et d’études pour la civilization européenne (GRECE) founded in 1968 by former far-right-wing militants attached to the Europe-Action group. Several of the founders of the Club were trained and took on responsibilities within GRECE. They broke formally with GRECE in 1979 after the press campaign of the “New Right”. As an ideological laboratory, the Club de l’Horloge played a significant role in the formation of the Right in France and in the development of their programs, especially after the Right’s electoral defeat in 1981. After the electoral breakthrough of the National Front (FN) in 1984 and its subsequent presence in the French political landscape, several founders and key figures in the Club de l’Horloge decided to join the FN. They quickly took on responsibilities within this party, advocating for the alliance between the Right and the Far Right, believing that the two programs would converge. Shaped by their original ideological formation, the members of the Club de l’Horloge did not see any antagonism between the traditional Right and the FN. The Club members underestimated the influence of political discourse on ideas. After 1989, the former members of the Club de l’Horloge quickly lost their political capital within the RPR and the UDF. They became caught up in the political game and found themselves outside the FN in 1999. At that moment, the Club de l’Horloge became a “phantom club”, even if several of its ideas and key positions continue today to structure the French political debate.

Orientador: Jorge Sergio Perez Gallardo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T08:59:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_BeatrizLemePassos_M.pdf: 1428035 bytes, checksum: 7f0442d57a484f4dab13ebca06118bb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Os clubes sociais esportivos se apresentam como uma das formas mais tradicionais de associativismo na sociedade brasileira. Originadas pelos interesses físico-esportivos e sociais do lazer, essas associações representam um campo de atuação profissional de grande valor para o professor de Educação Física. Apesar da importância histórica dos clubes e de representarem a base da organização esportiva do país, poucos são os estudos que se voltam para o entendimento destas instituições. Nesta pesquisa procuramos contextualizar os caminhos percorridos pelos clubes, compreendendo a origem e a concepção desta forma de associativismo e a atual realidade dos clubes sociais esportivos. Durante toda sua trajetória, os clubes apresentaram adaptações e transformações adequando-se às exigências da sociedade moderna urbana e industrial. Neste sentido, percebeu-se uma mudança de paradigma em relação à gestão dos clubes, tornando-os um espaço de atividades variadas, tanto de oferta de atividades voltadas para os interesses específicos de lazer, como para a prestação de serviços. Desta maneira foi possível uma maior compreensão do papel que o professor de Educação Física ocupa neste ambiente. O estudo se caracteriza por uma pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como referencial teórico o pensamento sistêmico proposto por Esteves de Vasconcelos (2007) e utilizando o método de investigação da análise de conteúdo realizado através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. A amostra foi composta por seis clubes da cidade de Campinas, escolhidos através de critérios que determinassem sua representatividade na cidade. Os sujeitos participantes foram os presidentes desses clubes. Através das análises e inferências foi possível considerar que os clubes sociais têm como base o associativismo e que essa instituição vem sofrendo constantes mudanças e adaptações à sociedade atual e as exigências dos associados. O estudo indica que os clubes sociais representam um importante campo de atuação do profissional de educação física, ressaltando-se pela sua diversificação. / Abstract: Sports and social clubs are one of the most traditional systems of community associations in the Brazilian society. Born from the interest in the physical, sports and social aspects of leisure, these associations represent a field of professional activity of great value to Physical Education teachers. Despite the historical importance of clubs and the fact that they represent the foundation of sports organizations in the country, there are few studies that analyze such institutions. In this study, we attempt to put into context the historical pathway of clubs by understanding the origin and inception of this form of community association and how sports and social clubs operate today. Throughout their history, clubs have been through changes and adaptations to meet the needs of modern society in urban and industrial areas. In that sense, we observed a paradigm shift in club management, since clubs are becoming an area for various activities, providing not only activities focused on specific leisure interests but also services. Therefore it was possible to better understand the role played by Physical Education teachers in this environment. This is a qualitative research study that uses the content analysis investigation through semi-structured interviews, and as theoretical reference the "Pensamento Sistêmico" as proposed by Esteves de Vasconcelos (2007). The sample included six clubs in the city of Campinas that were chosen trough their important hole in this city. The participating subjects were the presidents of these clubs. Trough analyses and inferences it was possible to conclude that the social clubs have the community association (associativismo) as a basis, and that changes and adaptations are frequently recurring in these associations due to society and club members actual demands. The research points that social clubs constitute a major performance field for the professional Physical Educator, standing out for its diversification. / Mestrado / Educação Fisica e Sociedade / Mestre em Educação Física

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att skapa en programteori för stödprogrammet Kids’ Club och presentera denna i en enkel logisk modell. Studiens frågeställningar är: Vad är det stödprogrammet, i manualerna och tidigare studier, sägs behandla? Vilka antaganden vilar stödprogrammet på? Vad i stödprogrammet är det som sägs bidra till förändring? Vilka är de förväntade resultaten och effekterna av stödprogrammet? För att besvara frågorna och uppfylla studiens syfte har det empiriska materialet i form av tidigare studier och manualer för programmet analyserats utifrån en kvalitativ textanalytisk ansats. Resultatet visar att programmet utgår från traumateori och social inlärningsteori och syftar till att behandla många olika symtom. Stödprogrammet skall leda till att barnen får sociala färdigheter och lär sig lösa konflikter utan våld. De barn som medverkar i stödprogrammets gruppträffar ska också få minskad psykisk ohälsa och minskade beteendeproblem. I diskussionen lyfts frågor kring den begränsade tid programmet pågår samt riskerna med att sätta samman stödgrupper där barnen har vitt skilda problembilder. Slutligen ges rekommendationer för praktiskt socialt arbete kring vad som är viktigt att reflektera över, både avseende tid och gruppsammansättning.

La protéine CCSP (« Club Cell Secretory Protein »), produite par les cellules Club au niveau de l’épithélium respiratoire, se retrouve déficiente chez les patients atteints de Bronchopneumopathie Chronique Obstructive (BPCO). Le but de ce travail était de comprendre la régulation et les différents rôles de la protéine CCSP afin d’en évaluer son potentiel intérêt thérapeutique. Nous avons dans un premier temps observé les effets du polymorphisme connu de CCSP au niveau de sa région promotrice, la mutation G38A, sur la transcription même du gène. Nous avons constaté in vivo dans une étude clinique prospective sur 1 an comprenant 66 patients souffrant de BPCO, et confirmé in vitro dans un modèle de cellules BEAS-2B transfectées, que la fumée de cigarette était un répresseur de la transcription de CCSP et que ce phénomène était amplifié par la présence de la mutation G38A. De plus, in vitro, certains facteurs de transcription tels que p53 et Nkx2.1, ainsi que les lipopolysaccharides, affectaient l'efficacité du promoteur de CCSP.Ensuite, nous avons caractérisé les cellules qui sécrètent cette protéine dans un modèle ex vivo de culture en interface air-liquide de cellules primaires épithéliales bronchiques. Nous avons observé par microscopie électronique à balayage des cellules en dôme, forme caractéristique des cellules Club, et par microscopie électronique à transmission des cellules contenant des granules de sécrétion contenant la protéine CCSP. Nous avons constaté par immunofluorescence que les cellules marquées CCSP+ étaient également MUC5AC+ (marqueur de cellules à mucus), P63+ (marqueur de cellules basales) ou encore KI-67+ (marqueur de prolifération). Nous suggérons donc que les cellules Club sont des cellules progénitrices, permettant ainsi la régénération de l’épithélium bronchique. Par ailleurs, nous avons évalué l’implication de la protéine CCSP dans le recrutement des neutrophiles, cellules inflammatoires prépondérantes dans la BPCO. Une étude pharmacologique a d’abord permis d’évaluer les effets de CCSP sur des neutrophiles de sujets témoins. Le déplacement des neutrophiles, stimulé par l’IL8 ou le fMLP (tous deux puissants agents chemoattractants), était inhibé par CCSP. Puis, par une étude in vitro, nous avons déterminé la modulation du sécrétome de l’épithélium bronchique par CCSP. Lorsque les sécrétions d’épithélia reconstitués ex vivo à partir de biopsies de fumeur et de BPCO étaient mis en présence de neutrophiles, un chimiotactisme exagéré des neutrophiles étaient constaté. Lorsque les épithélia étaient traités avec la protéine CCSP, à l’état de base ou stimulés par de la fumée de cigarette, ce chimiotactisme exagéré était alors diminué.Enfin, dans une dernière partie, nous nous sommes intéressés à la régulation de la protéine, dans un modèle de culture cellulaire NCI-H292, lignée de cellules bronchiques cultivées en monocouche. Nous avons supplémenté ces cellules en CCSP exogène afin d’analyser les variations du profil protéomique des secrétions engendrées (méthode LC-MS/MS). De façon générale, il s’avérait que la supplémentation en CCSP permettrait une restauration de la « machinerie » du protéasome avec une augmentation des protéines de la famille des tubulines.Ce travail de thèse a démontré que la protéine CCSP était un acteur potentiel de la physiopathologie de la BPCO. L’étude de sa régulation a montré que la synthèse de CCSP était effectivement diminuée dans la BPCO. Ainsi, une supplémentation en CCSP pourrait être une piste thérapeutique. / A defective in Club Cell Secretory Protein (CCSP) produced by nonciliated Club cells was observed in COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) airways. Our aim was to understand CCSP biological mechanisms of action and its dysregulation in COPD and whether it might be a therapeutic axis in COPD.First, the influence of the CCSP G38A polymorphism on CCSP transcription levels and its regulatory mechanisms were analyzed. Our in vivo study conducted in a 1 year prospective cohort consisting of 66 COPD patients confirmed that circulating CCSP levels were associated with smoking. Moreover, the CCSP G38A polymorphism and the smoking status significantly repressed CCSP serum levels. Our in vitro study conducted in BEAS-2B transfected cells supported those findings as CSE repressed the CCSP transcription of the A carrying transfected cells more intensely than the wild type cells. Noteworthy, LPS, Nkx2.1 and p53 transcription factors also modulated the CCSP promoter efficiency in vitro. Furthermore, CCSP producing cells were characterized in an air-liquid interface (ALI) culture model of bronchial epithelial cells. Transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy confirmed the pseudostratified organization of the reconstituted epithelium. Evidences of full differentiation were identified and labeled with MUC5AC (goblet cells), tubulinIV (ciliated cells), P63 (basal cells) and CCSP (club cells). Moreover, the ex vivo reconstituted COPD epithelium released higher levels of IL8 and MUC5AC. Ki-67 and collocating antibodies with CCSP argued for an accessory stem cell and a transitory differentiating roles for CCSP+ cells.Then, we aimed to investigate whether exaggerated airway neutrophilia was driven by the CCSP-defective COPD airway epithelium. CCSP action on healthy neutrophil chemotaxis was evaluated in a pharmacological study demonstrating that CCSP directly inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis induced by fMLP and IL8. Then, in an in vitro study, ALI-reconstituted COPD airway epithelium in a clean environment promoted an exaggerated neutrophilic chemotaxis compared to smokers and controls at steady state. Treating the airway epithelium with exogenous CCSP prevented baseline and CSE-induced neutrophil chemotaxis.Finally, CCSP regulation was studied in NCI-H292 cells, a human pulmonary cell line. The cells were supplemented with CCSP. Proteomic profile (LC-MS/MS method) of the bronchial epithelium in response to CCSP treatment demonstrated that the proteasome machinery and the tubulin family members were upregulated.This work supported the potential implication of CCSP in the pathophysiology of COPD. CCSP was confirmatively defective in COPD patients, therefore, restoring physiological concentrations of CCSP by exogenous supplementation may be a therapeutic perspective.

The Union of Glee Clubs on the territory of the Grand Duchy of Poznan began to issue publications towards the end of the 19th century.