Submitted by ANGELA HALEN CLARO FRANCO (angelahalen@gmail.com) on 2018-02-15T18:53:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Inteligência coletiva_manifetações nos ambientes digitais__Angela Halen Claro Franco_Depósito Definitivo.pdf: 1897727 bytes, checksum: d474074df94bff0a9ec484191f272132 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Satie Tagara (satie@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-02-16T11:37:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 franco_ahc_dr_mar.pdf: 1897727 bytes, checksum: d474074df94bff0a9ec484191f272132 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-16T11:37:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 franco_ahc_dr_mar.pdf: 1897727 bytes, checksum: d474074df94bff0a9ec484191f272132 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-30 / Não recebi financiamento / Os estudos em inteligência coletiva têm revelado que as atividades dos indivíduos em grupos apresentam diferentes manifestações, as quais podem ser identificadas como compartilhamento, cooperação e ação coletiva. Defende-se como tese que quanto maior o nível de comprometimento de uma determinada comunidade, maiores as possibilidades da inteligência coletiva resultar em produção de conteúdo; quanto mais possibilidades de produção objetiva de conteúdo, maior a presença direta da Ciência da Informação, e quanto menos produção objetiva de conteúdo mais desafiadora é a atuação dessa ciência, uma vez que sua atenção será sobre os processos de informação. Dessa forma, pretende-se propor um arcabouço epistemológico para a reflexão da inteligência coletiva no âmbito dos estudos em Informação e Tecnologia. Para tanto, a partir de uma pesquisa exploratória, conduzida pelo aspecto bibliográfico, o estudo se propôs a investigar as diferentes manifestações da inteligência coletiva – o compartilhamento, a cooperação e a ação coletiva; definir um modelo para a análise de ambientes digitais que aparentam a cultivação da inteligência coletiva; compreender a trajetória evolutiva dos ambientes digitais que tiveram como foco a inteligência coletiva; analisar, mediante ao modelo criado, os ambientes digitais definidos. Os ambientes selecionados para análise foram o YouTube, Facebook e a Wikipédia. Observou-se que as manifestações analisadas são variáveis que compõem a inteligência coletiva, e que os ideais de inteligência coletiva são observáveis na trajetória das tecnologias computacionais até o desenvolvimento dos softwares sociais. Por meio do modelo construído, foi observado que o compartilhamento foi a manifestação predominante nas redes sociais analisadas, e que a cooperação, expressa pela produção colaborativa, foi a manifestação que obteve mais evidência no âmbito da Wikipédia. Notou-se que, no contexto dos ambientes digitais que se apropriam da inteligência coletiva, as preocupações da Ciência da Informação ora se direcionam para suas práticas centrais, voltadas para a organização e representação de conteúdos objetivos dotados de valor semântico, ora para a compreensão de processos de informação e comportamento de usuários nos ambientes de informação. / The studies in collective intelligence have revealed that the activities of individuals in groups present different manifestations, which can be identified as sharing, cooperation and collective action. It is defended as thesis that the greater the level of commitment of a determined community, the greater the possibilities of the collective intelligence result in the objective production of content; the more possibilities of objective production of content, the greater the direct presence of Information Science, and the less objective production of content more challenging is the performance of this science, since its attention will be on information processes. In this way, its intend to propose an epistemological framework for the reflection of collective intelligence in the scope of studies in Information and Technology. To do so, based on an exploratory research, steering by the bibliographical aspect, the study proposed to investigate the different manifestations of collective intelligence - sharing, cooperation and collective action; to define a model for the analysis of digital environments that appear to cultivate collective intelligence; to understand the evolutionary trajectory of digital environments that focused on collective intelligence; to analyze, through the created model, the defined digital environments. The environments selected for analysis were YouTube, Facebook, and Wikipedia. Its observed that the analyzed manifestations are variables that make up the collective intelligence, and that the ideals of collective intelligence are observable in the trajectory of computational technologies until the development of social software. Through the built model, its observed that sharing was the predominant manifestation in the analyzed social networks, and that the cooperation, expressed by the collaborative production, was the manifestation that obtained the most evidence within Wikipedia. Its noted that, in the context of digital environments that appropriate collective intelligence, the concerns of Information Science sometimes are focused on its central practices, aimed at organization and representation of objective content endowed with semantic value, and sometimes to understanding of information processes and user behavior in information environments.

A partir da contextualização da colaboração enquanto processo integrante da inteligência coletiva (LÉVY, 2003) e da sabedoria das multidões (SUROWIECKI, 2006), este trabalho visa estudar o conflito como importante fator destes processos coletivos. Os desequilíbrios fazem parte da trajetória humana, porém, percebe-se a recorrente intenção de os vislumbrar como questões negativas e de aniquilação das relações, deixando de lado sua faceta de potencialidade à impulsão de uma reconfiguração benéfica do processo em que atua. Uma prática interessante no estudo dos conflitos na colaboração é a escrita coletiva online. A independência de espaço e tempo e a multiplicidade de vozes que podem incidir em um projeto textual abrem espaço para negociações, debates e tensões de diversas naturezas. Além disso, também se verifica uma visão por vezes demasiada otimista, que acaba relevando as questões estruturais, dinâmicas e comportamentais nos processos de produção de sentido e os conflitos que podem surgir a partir disso. Nesse sentido, questiona-se: qual a influência dos conflitos no processo de escrita coletiva online? Este projeto, através de pesquisa teórica e empírica, procura responder a esta questão sob uma perspectiva comunicacional, que leve em consideração as relações e interações para além da harmonia permanente atribuída a estes processos por diversas áreas do conhecimento. Para a verificação empírica apresentam-se dois projetos colaborativos de produção textual: a Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre de larga utilização e popularidade e o projeto do Laboratório de Interação Mediada por Computador da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, o Co-dex, o dicionário social, ambiente criado para abarcar conceitos, resenhas e biografias da área da comunicação e da ciência da informação. Em ambos foram realizadas observações sistemáticas para verificação das tensões provenientes da interação e produção coletiva a fim de que, juntamente com o aporte teórico desenvolvido, a questão norteadora deste trabalho pudesse ser investigada. Conclui-se que os conflitos que permeiam os processos colaborativos de produção de sentido dizem respeito a aspectos de ordem textual e de ordem relacional e que estes se encontram conexos na medida em que exercem influência um no outro. Acredita-se que as tensões possuem forte relevância no desenvolvimento das relações entre os colaboradores e na construção de conteúdo no sentido de instaurar os desequilíbrios necessários a uma "reequilibração majorante" (PIAGET, 1977). / From the context of collaboration as a process of the collective intelligence (LÉVY, 2003) and wisdom of crowds (SUROWIECKI, 2006) this work aims to study the conflict as an important factor of these collective processes. The imbalances are part of human history, however, recurrently we find a purpose to see this issues as negative and of annihilation of relations, leaving aside the aspect of the potential impulsion to beneficial reconfiguration of the process in which it operates. An interesting practice in the study of conflicts in collaboration is the online collective writing. The independence of space and time and the multiplicity of voices that can focus on a project textual, opens space for negotiations, debates and tensions of various kinds. In addition, sometimes there is too optimistic view, which relieves the issues of structural, dynamics and behavior in the production of meaning and the conflict that may arise from it. In this sense, is questioned: what is the influence of conflicts in the process of online collective writing? This project, through theoretical and empirical research, seeks to answer this question in a communicational perspective, which takes into account the relationships and interactions beyond the harmony permanently assigned to these processes for various areas of knowledge. For the empirical verification are presented two collaborative projects of textual production: the Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, wide used and with popularity and the project of the Laboratory of Computer-mediated Interaction of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, the Co-dex, the social dictionary, environment created for concepts, reviews and biographies of the area of communication and information science. In both observations were made for systematic verification of the tensions from the interaction and collective production so that, together with the developed theoretical contribution, the guiding question of this work could be investigated. It is concluded that the conflicts that permeate the processes of collaborative production of meaning relate to aspects of a textual and relational order and that they are related and influence each other. It is believed that the tensions have strong relevance in the development of relations between the collaborators and building content to introduce imbalances needed for a "majorant reequilibration" (Piaget, 1977).

Use of Digital Technologies in Education presents itself as an indispensable condition nowadays. Because through these one can obtain a dynamic, collective and participatory learning. This work provides a scientific research that aims to investigate the potential of computing platforms such as Web 2.0 for a collaborative learning environment and thus present them as a locus of collective construction of knowledge. For this purpose, we analyze the platforms Family Zoho, Google and Platform Family Sloodle. This research was conducted qualitatively. The analysis of these environments is meant to characterize the value that the platforms attach to individual and collective learning and show how these environments can be used as complementary tools in the development of educational work. Thus, it is a description of each platform analyzed in order to present their technologic resources and how these may be of use in Education in order to provide help in the collaborative learning processes and collective construction of knowledge. / O uso das Tecnologias Digitais na Educação se apresenta como condição indispensável na era atual, já que por meio destas pode-se obter um aprendizado dinâmico, coletivo e participativo. O presente trabalho objetivou investigar as plataformas virtuais da Web 2.0 com vistas a promover a aprendizagem colaborativa e apresentá-las como lócus de construção coletiva do conhecimento. A metodologia da pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa visando descrever e apresentar uma análise das plataformas da Família Zoho, Família Google e Sloodle, a fim de evidenciar o potencial pedagógico das mesmas e referenciá-las como componente de mediação entre teoria e prática para a Educação. Os resultados apontam que as plataformas da Web 2.0 predispõem uma abordagem multidisciplinar, envolvendo várias áreas da Educação e permitindo aos usuários destes ambientes o desenvolvimento cognitivo, pensamento crítico, dinamismo e autonomia, por se tratar de instrumentos inovadores que possibilitam a reformulação da proposta educativa e os conceitos de ensino-aprendizagem. Este estudo mostra ainda que questões relativas às implicações pedagógicas da utilização das plataformas como ferramenta de apoio educacional fica em aberto, podendo ser alvo de futuras investigações que tentem comprovar a eficácia destas novas práticas para o ensino aprendizagem.

Submitted by Lúcia Brandão (lucia.elaine@live.com) on 2015-12-07T19:19:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Débora Teixeira Aruda.pdf: 3090515 bytes, checksum: 364c9c4c6e03fca453fabe64428ac4e1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-07T19:19:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Débora Teixeira Aruda.pdf: 3090515 bytes, checksum: 364c9c4c6e03fca453fabe64428ac4e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-15 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The purpose of this research is to understand the challenge of teaching by means of technological mediation, a form of gestural communication with very different characteristics of written and spoken language, which the students never had contact. Thus, this research is guided in the following question: is technology the best strategy to make more accessible to scholars? Therefore, this research begins with the observation and analysis of the contents taught in the classroom discipline LIBRAS and follow with further observation on the didactic transposition of such content to the virtual environment of teaching and learning (Avea). The paper is organized into three chapters: the first, sign language, a field of struggles, discussions and tensions, followed a path mapping pursued by sign language worldwide and in Brazil. The second, Collaborative Learning Network, addresses the collective intelligence technology and the changes in building networked knowledge. In the last chapter, LIBRAS beyond UFAM walls: new tracks to traced, we glimpse and escape route where we could contribute to the practical part of the course with the development of a video material. The research took place in the presence room and at the same time in the virtual classroom discipline LIBRAS, the Faculty of the Federal University of Amazonas - environment in which occurs the monitoring and use of technological mediation tools, then the Moodle system. This is covered under the agency of actors to build networked knowledge. For a better understanding of reality, we work with cartography as a method of intervention research, making it clear that this method is not tied to the traditional view chasing rules stipulated in advance, but as you progress through research tracks will indicate the way to go. Based on the results found we believe practical part of the education is not possible without the mediation of language technology which is the main strategy to make knowledge accessible to scholars. The emergency of new tracks still emerging from this production, indicating new ways to go. / O propósito da investigação foi compreender o desafio de ensinar, por mediação tecnológica, uma modalidade de comunicação gestual, de características muito diferenciadas da linguagem escrita/falada, com a qual os discentes nunca tiveram contato. Assim, o estudo se norteia na seguinte questão: a tecnologia é a melhor estratégia para tornar o conhecimento da LIBRAS mais acessível aos acadêmicos? Para tanto, esta pesquisa inicia com a observação e análise dos conteúdos ministrados na disciplina presencial de LIBRAS B, e segue com posterior observação sobre a transposição didática desses conteúdos para o ambiente virtual de ensino e aprendizagem (AVEA). O trabalho está organizado em três capítulos: o primeiro, A língua de sinais: campo de lutas, discussões e tensões, realizando um mapeamento do percurso trilhado pela língua de sinais no mundo e no Brasil. O segundo, Aprendizagem Colaborativa em Rede, aborda a tecnologia da inteligência coletiva e as transformações na construção do conhecimento em rede. No último capítulo, LIBRAS para além dos muros da UFAM: novas trilhas a serem traçadas. Identificamos uma rota de fuga onde foi possível contribuirmos com a parte prática da disciplina, elaborando uma proposta de material em vídeo. A pesquisa aconteceu na sala presencial e, paralelamente, na sala virtual da disciplina de LIBRAS B, do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM, ambiente onde ocorreu o acompanhamento e a utilização das ferramentas de mediações tecnológicas, nesse caso, o sistema Moodle. Este assunto é abordado da perspectiva da inteligência coletiva, que busca, no agenciamento dos atores, a construção do conhecimento em rede. Para uma melhor compreensão da realidade, trabalhamos com a metodologia da cartografia, deixando claro que esta não está atrelada à visão tradicional que persegue regras estipuladas antecipadamente, mas, na medida em que se avança com a pesquisa, as pistas vão indicando o caminho a ser trilhado. Diante dos resultados encontrados, constatou-se o potencial que a mediação das tecnologias podem acrescer ao ensino da parte prática da LIBRAS. O surgimento de novas pistas continuará emergindo dessa produção, indicando novos caminhos a serem trilhados.

Some of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today, such as how to respond to climate change or govern the internet, are too complex for any individual or small group to completely understand by themselves, but a lot of people each know a piece of the problem or solution. This is somewhat like a billion-piece jigsaw puzzle where somebody threw away the box and mailed each piece to a different person. Attempts are now being made to build platforms where people can bring their pieces and assemble them into solutions. This thesis examines such platforms, how people use and perceive them and their content, and how certain design decisions such as the exposure of discussion behind collaboratively produced content can affect those perceptions. Through a set of studies ranging from qualitative interviews to controlled experiments with hundreds or thousands of participants, this thesis adds to our understanding of how humans use and perceive content on such platforms, including when primary content is presented alongside related content or discussion, so that we can better understand how to design these systems to better achieve their users’ intended goals. The research integrates insights from computer science and social psychology with latent variable modeling techniques in order to increase our understanding of what people are trying to accomplish on an example platform designed to support large-scale collaboration around a complex issue, and experimentally explores how people perceive the content they find on such sites. Data and projects used in this thesis come from a diversity of sources including Wikipedia, the President’s SAVE award ideation contest (facilitated through the IdeaScale ideation platform), and the MIT Climate CoLab.

The aim of the tehesis is to describe the formation of collective intelligence in cyberspace and focus on its use on the example of computer games. The idea is based on the works of Pierre Lévy, who believes that in the digital revolution is the value of the picture one of the most important. In this process plays an equally important role to increase the value of ideas, narratives, social communities and the development of new media tools and technologies. Along with that, in addition to the internal space of videogames (story progression, social interaction, building of the gaming space, gaming subculture, roleplay), shapes even the space beyond the game itself (transmedia storytelling, produsage - fan sites, content sharing, discussion forums). Thesis will be listed by concepts of collective intelligence, the progress of social memory, cyberspace and will be also inspired by other authors who works with collective intelligence, like Henry Jenkins, James Surowiecki or Derrick de Kerckhove. It should also provide an opposite view of the problem based on the work of opponents, which is eg. Cory Doctorow. Strategies and the use of the collective intelligence will be described by using the example of the specific games.

Star Wars has since its initial release in 1977, become a pop cultural phenomenon. In the beginning of the franchise, it only consisted of films. Now, almost 40 years later the franchise has become a multimedia experience with many produced spin-offs over the years, such as The Mandalorian (2019). On social media platforms such as Reddit, fans of the universe can discuss intertextual references from the series together with other fans. This study aims to examine how these fans present their opinions regarding the intertextual references and the transmedia extension that is The Mandalorian (2019). Furthermore, it discusses how collective intelligence is built and how this injects meaning to a fan of the franchise. This study mainly consists of a theoretical frameworks popularized by Henry Jenkins, such as transmedia storytelling and participatory culture. Theories on identity, intertextuality and collective intelligence are also used. Critical discourse analysis is the main method of the study, more specifically, Anabela Carvalho’s CDA model for media texts. The results show that Reddit enables participation on different levels, with different types of content. It enables fans to create more value within transmedia fandoms by building on the collective intelligence in the community. The study also shows that fans of transmedia universes, are competent participants who value intertextuality and are like-minded.

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New product development and management are critical to the long-term success of the firm. New product development is also an area where the firm needs to improve performance. Two important new product decisions are selecting new concepts and estimating their future market potential and demand. Forecasting is a critical activity in supporting these two decisions. Unfortunately, forecasting is an activity where firms often struggle to be proficient. Recent advances in forecasting methods offer opportunities for improvement. One of the techniques is prediction markets, an emerging methodology that taps collective intelligence. Despite widely reported application and promise of prediction markets, they have yet to be adopted in marketing practice or examined in marketing academia. This dissertation addresses two research questions: do prediction markets produce better marketing forecasts than methods traditionally employed by firms, and if they do, how do they do it? To answer these research questions, two field studies are completed. The first is an empirical test of prediction markets compared to traditional forecasting methods implemented within a Fortune 100 firm. The second, based on a post survey, is an analysis of how market knowledge factors in combination with prediction markets design factors produce superior results. Study I finds that prediction markets do provide superior results in 67% of the forecasts and reduce error levels and ranges. Study II finds that out of several design factors, prediction market forecast accuracy is driven most by new information acquisition and knowledge heterogeneity. These findings contribute to MSI 2012-2014 Research Priorities and calls in the marketing literature to develop, better, real-time, intelligent decision support tools to help solve problems of the big data era and support improved demand forecasting. / Business Administration/Marketing