<p>This thesis will examine the effects of divorce on the benefit payable to a member of a retirement fund, where divorce has occurred before the member has reached retirement age. In&nbsp / particular, parametric (that is, piecemeal) amendments to the relevant legislation will be analysed in order to outline the development of the legislation relating to divorce and the consequent distribution of&nbsp / assets (including retirement savings). The previous and current legal position in South Africa relating to divorce and retirement savings will be set out and critically analysed to determine whether the current position can be regarded as an improvement upon the previous legal position, or whether other and/or new problems in this area have been created. Parametric amendments to&nbsp / relevant legislation have thus far been the subject of many cases in our courts and adjudicative tribunals. A systemic overhaul of a particular area of law is a useful tool in providing legal certainty&nbsp / and clarifying the laws applicable to that area. This thesis will therefore argue in favour of a systemic overhaul of the legislation applicable to the allocation of retirement benefits at divorce, as opposed to the ineffectual parametric (i.e. piecemeal) amendments that have been implemented thus far. An essential aspect of this study is a comparative study of South African legal principles&nbsp / relating to retirement benefits and divorce with the legal principles of this subject in the United Kingdom (UK).</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oklahoma. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 69-70.

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 71-72.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Many studies mention the morphological changes of the hard palate occurring in the presence of mouth breathing, and the morphological variations of this structure according to the facial typology. However, only a few studies have emphasized this structure, especially through quantitative measures. Objectives: 1) To compare the hard palate dimensions among nasal and mouth breathing children of obstructive and vicious etiology. 2) To compare the hard palate dimensions among nasal and mouth breathing children having different facial typologies. Materials and Methods: Seventy-six children took part in the study, 37 boys and 39 girls, mean age of 9.32 ± 1.16 years old. All the children underwent speech-language evaluation for breathing mode classification; otorhynolaryngologic evaluation for breathing mode and etiology of mouth breathing diagnosis; cephalometric evaluation for determining the facial type; dental evaluation to obtain plaster cast models of the superior dental arch, which allowed the study of hard palate dimensions with a digital caliper. Transverse and vertical measurements of the hard palate were developed in the level of canine, first premolar, second premolar and first molar teeth, as well as the measurement of the anteroposterior hard palate lenght. Hard palate dimensions were compared among the groups, which were constituted according to the breathing mode, mouth breathing etiology and facial type through parametric and nonparametric tests at a significance level of 5%. Results: The results indicated that mouth breathing children presented narrower hard palate in the level of second premolars and first molars, and deeper hard palate in the level of second premolars than the nasal breathing ones. It became evident as well that mouth breathing children of vicious etiology presented higher hard palate depth in the level of canines when compared to obstructive mouth breathing children. No statistically significant difference was found for the comparison among the hard palate measures of brachyfacial, mesofacial and dolichofacial children, except for the second premolars distance in the different facial types of nasal and mouth breathing children. Conclusions: The hard palate dimensions in the study group were influenced by the breathing mode and the different etiologies of mouth breathing. On the other hand, these dimensions didn t show any variation across the different facial types regardless the breathing mode, except for the distance between the second premolars when the facial type was analyzed in nasal and mouth breathers. / Muitos estudos citam as alterações morfológicas do palato duro na presença de respiração oral e variações morfológicas dessa estrutura de acordo com a tipologia facial. No entanto, poucos estudos têm enfatizado essa estrutura, principalmente por meio de medidas quantitativas. Objetivos: 1) Comparar as dimensões do palato duro de crianças respiradoras nasais e orais obstrutivas e viciosas. 2) Comparar as dimensões do palato duro em diferentes tipologias faciais de crianças respiradoras nasais e orais. Materiais e Métodos: Participaram deste estudo 76 crianças, 37 meninos e 39 meninas, com idade média de 9,32±1,16 anos. As crianças foram submetidas à avaliação fonoaudiológica, para classificação do modo respiratório; otorrinolaringológica, para diagnóstico do modo respiratório e da etiologia da respiração oral; cefalométrica, para a determinação do tipo facial; odontológica, para a obtenção dos modelos em gesso do arco dental maxilar, os quais possibilitaram o estudo das dimensões do palato duro com paquímetro digital. Realizaram-se medidas transversais e verticais do palato duro ao nível dos dentes caninos, primeiros pré-molares, segundos pré-molares e primeiros molares, bem como a mensuração do comprimento anteroposterior. As dimensões do palato duro foram comparadas entre os grupos formados a partir do modo respiratório, etiologia da respiração oral e tipo facial através de testes paramétricos e não paramétricos ao nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que as crianças respiradoras orais apresentaram palato duro mais estreito ao nível dos segundos pré-molares e primeiros molares e mais profundo ao nível dos segundos pré-molares do que as respiradoras nasais. Evidenciou-se também que as crianças respiradoras orais de etiologia viciosa apresentam maior profundidade do palato duro ao nível dos caninos quando comparadas às crianças respiradoras orais obstrutivas. Não foi verificada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as medidas do palato duro das crianças braquifaciais, mesofaciais e dolicofaciais. Verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa na distância entre os segundos pré-molares nos diferentes tipos faciais das crianças respiradoras nasais e orais. Conclusão: As dimensões do palato duro das crianças estudadas foram influenciadas pelo modo respiratório e pelas diferentes etiologias da respiração oral. Por outro lado, as dimensões do palato duro não variaram em diferentes tipos faciais independente do modo respiratório, apenas na distância entre os segundos pré-molares quando o tipo facial foi analisado nos respiradores nasais e orais.

La protection des enfants en situation de vulnérabilité est une réalité sociale préoccupante au Burkina Faso.Malgré l'adoption et la ratification de nombreux textes juridiques et la présence significative d'acteurs censés défendre leurs droits, la question d'une prise en charge efficace de ceux-ci reste toujours posée. Comment expliquer ce paradoxe ? C'est à cette question que cette thèse s'efforce de répondre. Elle analyse le système national de protection de l'enfance au prisme des modèles organisationnels, en mettant un accent particulier sur la contribution de deux acteurs non étatiques intervenant dans le pays : Direct-Aïd et SOS Villages d'enfants. Dans une perspective comparatiste, la recherche appréhende les logiques de ces ONG, les stratégies qu'elles mettent en œuvre et les perceptions des bénéficiaires dans la ville de Ouagadougou. Deux mécanismes cohabitent en matière d'aide à l'enfance : le premier est formel et placé sous la responsabilité de structures publiques, le deuxième est non formel, animé par des composantes de la société civile. Le système de protection a besoin d'une meilleure gouvernance afin de trouver des solutions durables aux problèmes d'organisation et de coordination qui affectent la qualité de la participation des acteurs. Les perceptions, positives chez la plupart des bénéficiaires, sont des preuves que les ONG comblent un grand vide laissé par les pouvoirs publics. En revanche, les différences et même les contradictions de logiques relatives à la définition des concepts d'enfant, de protection et de vulnérabilité montrent que les structures ne sont pas sur la même longueur d'onde dans le combat quotidien qu'elles mènent. La responsabilité de l'État est ici engagée pour parvenir à une co-construction d'un système de protection plus dynamique et d'insertion mieux profitable aux jeunes en difficulté. La méthode de recherche a mobilisé les techniques de l'enquête qualitative (entretiens semi-directifs, récits de vie, focus groups, observations) en associant la photographie et le dessin. / The protection of children in situation of vulnerability is a social concern in Burkina Faso. Despite the adoption and the ratification of numerous legal texts and the significant presence of actors who are supposed to be defending child rights, the question of how to deal effectively with these rights remains an open question. How to explain this paradox ? lt is this is question that we will turn on in this thesis. lt analyzes the national child welfare system with the prism of organizational models by highlighting the contribution of two non-state actors in the country : Direct-Aïd and SOS Villages d'enfants. From a comparative perspective, the research apprehends the logics of these NGOs, the strategies they implement and the perceptions of beneficiaries in the city of Ouagadougou . Two mechanisms co-exist in child welfare : the first mechanism is formai and is under the responsibility of public structures while the second mechanism, a non-formai one, is led by components of civil society. The protection system needs better governance in order to find long-lasting solutions to organization and coordination related problems that affect the quality of the participation of stakeholders. The positive perceptions expressed by the majority of beneficiaries are evidence that NGOs fill a large gap left by the government. Nonetheless, differences and even contradictions with regard to the definition of concepts such as childhood, protection and vulnerability show that structures are not on the same wavelength in their daily struggle. The State must take it responsibility in achieving a co-construction of a protection system more dynamic and which will allow insertion that will better benefit young people in difficulty. The research method mobilized qualitative methods (semi-directive interviews, life staries, focus groups, and observations), including photography and drawing.

An insurance contract is a contract of utmost good faith. The nature of the insurance bargain makes the duty a commercial necessity. Duties of disclosure and representation, which were two fundamental components of the principle of utmost good faith, operate in different ways in England and China. The insured and insurer in these two countries bears distinctive good faith related obligations pre- and post-contractually. English insurance law exercise considerable influence in most common law countries and some civil law jurisdictions. The separation between utmost good faith and the duty of fair presentation, with the abolition of the avoidance remedy, under the Insurance Act 2015 could influence other jurisdictions to alter their remedies. This thesis examines the application of the civil law notion of good faith and the common law duty of utmost good faith. It covers the operation of insured’s pre-contractual duties of disclosure and representation in both countries. The thesis considers the insurer’s duties as well as the continuing duties and the effect of utmost good faith taking in account the recent legislative changes on fraudulent claims and late payment. The thesis further examines the legal status of brokers and their disclosure duty in China and England. Finally, it also provides special considerations on consumers and micro-businesses.

Orientador: João Pedro Albino / Banca: Edson Walmir Cazarini / Banca: Regina Célia Baptista Belluzzo / Resumo: Este estudo descreve como as Bibliotecas Universitárias (BUs) do Brasil e de Portugal estão empregando a Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) para melhorar a qualidade de seus serviços e a produtividade de suas instituições. A GC representa uma nova visão da gestão para as organizações modernas, pois a informação e o conhecimento são os principais fatores de competitividade dos tempos atuais para pessoas, organizações e nações. A Biblioteca Universitária (BU) é um dos principais veículos de disseminação da informação científica e está inserida na Universidade, que por sua vez desempenha um papel fundamental, ao lado do governo e da indústria, na geração de inovações tecnológicas que podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento da sociedade. A BU promove a aprendizagem dos clientes externos (alunos, professores e pesquisadores), contribui para a geração do conhecimento científico e tecnológico e é, por natureza como uma organização do conhecimento. No entanto, ela deve também promover o processo de criação, armazenamento e compartilhando do conhecimento organizacional no desempenho da sua função gerencial, tendo como alvo a clientela interna. Os principais desafios impostos às organizações envolvidas com a GC concentram-se na gestão de mudanças culturais e comportamentais e na criação de um contexto organizacional favorável à criação, uso e compartilhamento de informações e conhecimento. Desenvolveu-se neste trabalho uma pesquisa quantitativa do tipo descritivo-analítica, usando o método de pesquisa de estudo comparativo, onde se estudou uma amostra de organizações dos dois países. A coleta de dados foi feita nos meses de novembro e dezembro de 2009, através da aplicação de questionários em um survey online, direcionado aos Diretores das BUs. Da mesma forma que o Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, no Brasil, o e-U Campus Virtual congrega ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study describes how the University Libraries (UL) of Brazil and Portugal are employing knowledge management (KLM) to improve service quality and productivity of their institutions. The KM represents a new vision for management of modern organizations, because information and Knowledge are the main factors of competitiveness for individuals, organizations and nations. The University Library (UL) is a major vehicle for dissemination of scientific information and is inserted at the university, which in turn plays a key role, along with government and industry, in the generation of technological innovations that may help in the development of society. UL promotes learning from external customers (students, teachers and researchers), contributes to the generation of scientific and technological Knowledge and is, by nature, considered as a Knowledge organization. However, it should also promote the process of creating, storing ans sharing of organizational knowledge in the performance of its management function, targeting its employees. The main challenges to organizations involved with the KM focus on management of cultural and behavioral changes and creating an organizational context conducive to the creation, use and sharing of information and knowledge. It was developed i n this work a quantitative descriptive-analytical research method using a comparative study, where we studied a sample of organizations from both countries. Data collection was conducted during November and December of 2009 through the use of questionnaires in a survey online, aimed at Directors of BUs. Just as the "Portal de Periódicos CAPES", Brazil, the "e-U Virtual Campus" unites the most important institutions of learning and research in Portugal and at UL offers digital access to scientific knowledge. From this link was selected, through voluntary reponses, a sample of 44 respondents from Brazil and 25 ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

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