21世紀「知識」成為各國經濟發展之主要驅動力，企業更多採專案型組織運作以靈活應變，如何有效管理知識工作者也使企業文化愈受重視。專案型組織因知識工作者增加、多角化跨入新業務型態而有文化轉型需求。本研究欲探討專案型組織於傳統營建工程、知識密集服務、複雜產品系統三種業務類型下之配適文化與轉型模式。藉由蒐集個案公司Kyowa Exeo和IBM官方資料與高階主管談論文化之內容進行文化元素篩選，經競值架構特質表檢驗後，得出應變型文化、家族型文化、市場型文化、階層型文化四種文化類型之佔比，依此繪製舊文化暨新文化之文化剖面圖以進行文化配適與轉型討論。本研究貢獻為專案型組織分類、專案型組織文化情境配適表與文化轉型模式，並確認「家族型文化」於三類專案型組織配適文化中皆為重要元素。後續研究可繼續完善專案型組織文化情境配適表，驗證家族型文化在知識經濟時代對於專案型組織之重要性。 / In the 21st century, “Knowledge” becomes the driving force of economic development all over the world. More and more enterprises choose to change their structure to project-based organization in order to achieve flexibility. Corporate culture is getting more important for enterprises to manage knowledge workers. The demand of culture transformation in project-based organization is derived from the phenomenon of booming knowledge worker population and the strategy of diversification into new business. This study aims to explore the most suitable kinds of organizational culture for three different types of project-based organization, including traditional construction, knowledge-intensive business service, and complex product and system, and discuss the process of the culture transformation. The initial data bank of cultural elements is selected from official information, culture-related comment from senior managers (Kyowa Exeo and IBM). These elements are sorted into four kinds of organization cultures by the characteristic table of Competing Values Framework: Adhocracy culture, Clan culture, Market culture and Hierarchy culture. Two cases are studied in details by grouping their cultural elements in accordance to the four cultural categories. The percentage of each culture of Competing Values Framework is calculated and the culture profile of initial culture and new culture are drawn for in–depth discussion of cultural fit and culture transformation. The contributions of this research are the classification of project-based organization, and their most suitable cultures and culture transformation model. Besides, “Clan culture” is a critical element towards all three types of project-based organization. Follow-up research can improve the effectiveness of cultural fit table of project-based organization and verify the significance of Clan culture for project-based organization in the era of knowledge economy.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:06:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1988.pdf: 463519 bytes, checksum: ca45424706e2fdb08c40f42f1f560364 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-13 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / In survival analysis some studies show a meaningful cure rate after treatment followup, so considering standard survival models can not be appropriate. In this work is extended the long-term survival model proposed by Chen, Ibrahim and Sinha (1999) via generating function of a real sequence introduced by Feller (1967). This new formulation is the uni_cation of the long-term survival models proposed by Rodrigues el al. (2008). Also, as in Rodrigues el al. (2008) it is shown that the long-term survival generating function satis_es the proportional hazard property if only if the number of competing causes related to the occurence of a event of interest follows a Poisson distribution. A real data set is considered to illustrate this approach. / Em análise de sobrevivência, determinados estudos caracterizam-se por apresentar uma fração significativa de sobreviventes, ou seja, pacientes em tratamento que não apresentaram o evento de interesse, mesmo após um longo período de acompanhamento. Assim considerar modelos de sobrevivência usuais, que assumem que a função de sobrevivência converge para zero quando a variável tempo tende a infinito, pode não ser adequado. Nesse trabalho é apresentado uma extensão do modelo proposto por Chen, Ibrahim e Sinha (1999), usando a função geradora de uma sequência de números reais introduzida por Feller (1967). Essa extensão possibilitou o desenvolvimento de uma teoria unificada para os modelos de sobrevivência de longa-duração, Rodrigues et al. (2008). Mostra-se que modelos já existentes na literatura são considerados casos particulares da teoria unificada, por exemplo, o modelo de Berkson & Gage (1952). Também tem-se em Rodrigues et al. (2008), que a função geradora de longa-duração satisfaz a propriedade de risco proporcional se, e somente se, o número de causas competitivas relacionadas a ocorrência do evento de interesse segue uma distribuição de Poisson. Como ilutração utiliza-se um conjunto de dados reais.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:52:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5676.pdf: 1794179 bytes, checksum: b112409fce4e6fb21289f2f9284f8537 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-03 / The Production Strategy has been the subject of several academic articles, with researches in different industries. On the other hand, Supply Strategy does not have references in a similar number and there is a gap to be filled. Furthermore, it is scarce the study of organizations in the same supply chain, and the influence between them. This study aims to describe and analyze the influence of a large elevator company's supply strategy on the production strategy of two of its suppliers, who designed 99% of its production to the customer company and the other with only 15 % of total volume. Through a case study, consisting of interviews conducted in the participating companies, it was found that the customer company´s Supply Strategy has greater influence on vendor's Production Strategy with higher production dedicated to it. This conclusion is taken by events such as the deployment of a new plant the city of the customer company, changes in engineering, plant layout, information systems and logistics of goods according to the customer needs. On the other hand, it was observed that the influence that the same company has over the other supplier is tenuous due to its low percentage of production that is destined to the customer company, and fact that the latter has a larger number of customers who must take account. Is worth nothing that the biggest influence does not necessarily translate into better performance in the short term, as in this study, the supplier with lower production percentage showed better performance compared to competing priorities, but the highest percentage, had to be more in line with customer needs following the same score in different priorities. / A Estratégia de Produção vem sendo tema de muitos artigos acadêmicos, com pesquisas em diferentes indústrias. Já a Estratégia de Suprimentos não possui referências bibliográficas em quantidade similar, existindo uma lacuna a ser preenchida. Adicionalmente, o estudo de organizações na mesma cadeia de suprimentos e a influência que existe entre elas são temas escassos na literatura. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever e analisar a Estratégia de Suprimentos de uma grande empresa de elevadores, verificando sua possível influência sobre as Estratégias de Produção de dois de seus fornecedores, cujos percentuais de produção destinados à empresa cliente representam 99% e 15% do volume total, respectivamente. Por meio de um estudo de caso, composto por entrevistas realizadas nas empresas participantes, verificou-se que a Estratégia de Suprimentos da empresa cliente possui maior influência na Estratégia de Produção do fornecedor com maior porcentagem de produção dedicada a mesma. Tal conclusão se deve a fatos como a implantação de uma nova unidade fabril na cidade da empresa cliente, alterações em engenharia, layout da fábrica, sistemas de informação e logística das mercadorias, conforme as necessidades do cliente. Por outro lado, observou-se que a influência que a mesma empresa exerce sobre o outro fornecedor é tênue, devido à pequena porcentagem de produção que é destinada à empresa cliente, e ao fato de que o último possui maior número de clientes que deve atender. É importante ressaltar que a maior influência não necessariamente se traduz em melhor desempenho em curto prazo, pois, neste estudo, o fornecedor com menor porcentagem de produção apresentou melhor desempenho em relação às prioridades competitivas, embora o de maior porcentagem, ainda assim, tenha apresentado estar mais de acordo com as necessidades do cliente, seguindo a mesma pontuação em diversas prioridades.

Orientador: Roberto Gomes Camacho / Banca: Luciani Ester Tenani / Banca: Ronald Beline Mendes / Resumo: A atuação de processos de redução e de supressão de segmentos consonantais em fenômenos redundantes, como a concordância nominal, tende a suprimir marcas de pluralidade, provocando a possibilidade de ambiguidade referencial. Um fenômeno fonológico que reflete o processo gramatical de concordância é o da supressão de /S/, que pode afetar a marcação de pluralidade em contexto nominal. Com base nisso, o objetivo deste trabalho é o de submeter a um tratamento variacionista, de base quantitativa, dados de marcação variável de plural no SN e no SA em contexto de predicativo, obtidos em córpus coletado na região de São José do Rio Preto. O trabalho procura examinar se a marcação de pluralidade nos predicativos pode ser explicada com base em motivações exclusivamente formais, ou exclusivamente funcionais, ou ainda, com base na interação entre ambas, que consistiriam, assim, em motivações em competição (DU BOIS, 1985). A análise dos resultados mostra, por um lado, que um princípio funcional, como o as Condições de Distintividade de Kiparsky (1972), atua positivamente na marcação variável de pluralidade, mas não tem força suficiente para governar isoladamente o processo. Mostra, por outro, que as motivações formais, gerenciadas pelo Princípio do Paralelismo Formal, também exercem influência significativa na marcação variável de plural no predicativo, mas não como força predominante, na medida em que se submete a uma influência significativa das variáveis extralinguísticas escolaridade e idade. Esse comportamento dos dados não permite dar a esse princípio o poder explanatório que Labov (1996) lhe atribui, isto é, como a atuação mecânica de forças inerentemente internas ao sistema linguístico. Por essa razão, a explicação mais plausível para a marcação variável de pluralidade nos predicativos, na variedade estudada... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Both the reduction and the suppression of consonantal segments when those occur in contexts of nominal agreement tends to drop plural markers, thus creating referential ambiguities. Amongst those phenomena reflecting a process of grammatical agreement is the suppresion of /S/ in spoken Portuguese, which characterizes a phonological phenomenon that may affect plurality marking in the NP. Considering that, the present work employs a variationist and quantitative method to analyse data containing instances of predicative variable plural marking both in the NP and AP taken from a corpus collected in the area of São José do Rio Preto. This research aims to attest to whether plurality marking in the predicative context can be explained in terms of exclusively formal or exclusively functional motivations, or else, in terms of the interaction between these two kinds of motivations, thus consisting in competing motivations (DU BOIS, 1985). On the one hand, the analysis of the results evinces that a functional principle such as Kiparsky‟s Distinctiveness Conditions (1972) acts in a positive way in the variable plural marking; yet it alone does not suffice to govern the entire process. On the other hand, this work demonstrates that formal motivations governed by the Principle of Formal Parallelism have a significant influence on predicative plural marking, but not in a predominant fashion, inasmuch as the latter is subject to significant influence of extralinguistic variables such as „education‟ and „age‟. The situation of the data do not authorize that such a principle be bestowed the explanatory power that Labov (1996) ascribes to it, i.e., that idea of a mechanical acting of inherent forces whithin the inner linguistic system. For that reason, the most plausible explanation is that the predicative plural marking in the variety under scrutiny constitutes a process influenced... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Abstract Monitoring regional variation in the survival of cancer patients is an important tool for assessing realisation of regional equity in cancer care. When regions are small or sparsely populated, the random component in the total variation across the regions becomes prominent. The broad aim of this doctoral thesis is to develop methods for assessing regional variation in the cause-specific and relative survival of cancer patients in a country and for quantifying the public health impact of the regional variation in the presence of competing hazards of death using summary measures that are interpretable also for policy-makers and other stakeholders. Methods for summarising the survival of a patient population with incomplete follow-up in terms of the mean and median survival times are proposed. A cure fraction model with two sets of random effects for regional variation is fitted to cause-specific survival data in a Bayesian framework using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation. This hierarchical model is extended to the estimation of relative survival where the expected survival is estimated by region and considered as a random quantity. The public health impact of regional variation is quantified by the extra survival time and the number of avoidable deaths that would be gained if the patients achieved the most favourable level of relative survival. The methods proposed were applied to real data sets from the Finnish Cancer Registry. Estimates of the mean and the median survival times of colon and thyroid cancer patients, respectively, were corrected for the bias that was caused by the inherent selection of patients during the period of diagnosis with respect to their age at diagnosis. The cure fraction model allowed estimation of regional variation in cause-specific and relative survival of breast and colon cancer patients, respectively, with a parsimonious number of parameters yielding reasonable estimates also for sparsely populated hospital districts. / Tiivistelmä Syöpäpotilaiden elossaolon alueellisen vaihtelun seuraaminen on tärkeää arvioitaessa syövänhoidon oikeudenmukaista jakautumista alueittain. Kun alueet ovat pieniä tai harvaan asuttuja, alueellisen kokonaisvaihtelun satunnainen osa kasvaa merkittäväksi. Tämän väitöstutkimuksen tavoitteena on kehittää menetelmiä, joilla pystytään arvioimaan maan sisäistä alueellista vaihtelua lisäkuolleisuudessa, jonka itse syöpä potilaille aiheuttaa, ja tiivistämään alueellisen vaihtelun kansanterveydellinen merkitys mittalukuihin, jotka ottavat kilpailevan kuolleisuuden huomioon ja ovat myös päättäjien tulkittavissa. Ehdotetuilla menetelmillä voidaan potilaiden ennustetta kuvailla käyttäen elossaolo-ajan keskiarvoa ja mediaania, vaikka potilaiden seuruu olisi keskeneräinen. Potilaiden syykohtaiselle kuolleisuudelle sovitetaan bayesiläisittäin MCMC-simulaatiota hyödyntäen malli, jossa parantuneiden potilaiden osuuden kuvaamisen lisäksi alueellinen vaihtelu esitetään kahden satunnaisefektijoukon avulla. Tämä hierarkkinen malli laajennetaan suhteellisen elossaolon estimointiin, jossa potilaiden odotettu elossaolo estimoidaan alueittain ja siihen liittyvä satunnaisvaihtelu otetaan huomioon. Alueellisen vaihtelun kansanterveydellistä merkitystä mitataan elossaoloajan keskimääräisellä pidentymällä sekä vältettävien kuolemien lukumäärällä, jotka voitaisiin saavuttaa, mikäli suotuisin suhteellisen elossaolon taso saavutettaisiin kaikilla alueilla. Kehitettyjä menetelmiä käytettiin Suomen Syöpärekisterin aineistojen analysointiin. Paksusuoli- ja kilpirauhassyöpäpotilaiden elinaikojen keskiarvojen ja mediaanien estimaatit oikaistiin harhasta, joka aiheutui potilaiden luontaisesta valikoitumisesta diagnosointijakson aikana iän suhteen. Parantuneiden osuuden satunnaisefektimalli mahdollisti rintasyöpäpotilaiden syykohtaisen kuolleisuuden ja paksusuolisyöpäpotilaiden suhteellisen elossaolon kuvaamisen vähäisellä määrällä parametreja ja antoi järkeenkäyvät estimaatit myös harvaan asutuille sairaanhoitopiireille.

Organisationskultur är något som är komplext och svårdefinierat men som likväl har en betydelsefull roll. I nuvarande situation befinner sig sjukvården i en dragkamp mellan olika kulturer då det är en hierarkisk struktur, som idag kräver ett externt, ekonomiskt tänkt och som arbetar för att ge patienter ett värdigt möte. Samtidigt finns det stress för personalen i form av personalbrist medan cheferna har tryck från politiker och strama budgetar. Syftet med studien är att empiriskt undersöka om uppfattningen av en kultur inom slutenvården i Värmlands läns landsting, kan skilja sig beroende på hierarkisk position. I studiens syfte ingår också att identifiera och analysera de kommunikativa faktorer som bidrar till att kulturen skulle kunna uppfattas olika. Studiens huvudsakliga frågeställning är “I vilken utsträckning påverkar en anställds hierarkiska position dennes uppfattning om organisationskulturen?” följt av ”Vilken relation har den interna kommunikationen till den/de rådande uppfattningarna?”. Studiens analytiska ramverk har baserats på tidigare forskning och inom branschen väletablerade teorier för att definiera en viss typ av kultur inom en organisation, bland annat används ramverket för konkurrerande värderingar (Competing Values Framework) med vilken studien definierar de olika kulturerna inom organisationen genom dimensioner och kluster. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar har en enkätundersökning tillämpats. En totalundersökning gjordes på populationen som dock fick en bristande svarsfrekvens. Resultaten indikerade att en tydlig hierarkisk kultur uppfattas inom organisationen. Däremot fanns stora önskemål om att styra den mot en mer familjär kultur men att fortfarande behålla de hierarkiska strukturerna. Cheferna ansåg att deras ledarskap karaktäriseras av hjälpsamhet och uppmuntran till deltagande, vilket dock inte var något som uppfattades av någon annan inom organisationen. Detta beror med stor sannolikhet på den enkelriktade kommunikationen som går igenom en hierarkisk kommunikationsmodell. / Organizational culture is somewhat hard to define and a complex matter that nevertheless has an important role. The current healthcare is challenged by a tug of war between different cultures for its hierarchical structure, which today needs an external and economic turn of mind and still work for a worthy meeting with the patient. Simultaneously it exists a stressful situation for the health professionals in terms of staff shortage while the management has a constraint from politicians and tight budgets. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate whether the perception of an organizational culture within Värmlands Council may differ depending on individual’s hierarchical positions. The purpose also includes identifying and analysing the communicative factors that contribute to the different perceptions. The main question of the study is “To what extent does an employee’s hierarchical position affect the perception of an organizational culture?” followed by “What is the relationship between the internal communication and the current perceptions?” The analytical framework of the study is based on previous research and within the industry well-established theories, including the Competing Values Framework, which the study uses to define the different cultures within the organization through its dimensions and clusters. To answer the study’s questions a survey has been applied that was sent to the whole population, which however, received a lack of response rate. The results indicate that a distinct hierarchical culture is perceived within the organization, alongside desires to direct it towards a more family-oriented culture while maintaining the hierarchical structures. The managers considered their leadership to be characterized by helpfulness and encouragement for participation, however it was not perceived in such way by anyone else within the organization. This is most likely due to the one-way communication that goes through a hierarchical communication model within the organization.

Le stade terminal de l’insuffisance cardiaque peut nécessiter l’inscription en liste d’attente pour une greffe cardiaque. L’offre en greffon étant faible, l’accès à cette thérapeutique est priorisé pour les malades les plus graves dans le système d’allocation actuel, faisant de l’équité un enjeu éthique et sociétal important. L’objectif de cette thèse, grâce à des méthodes originales et de nouvelles sources de données, était d’analyser les déterminants d’accès à la greffe cardiaque liés aux candidats et aux équipes de greffe en France sur une période récente et d’apporter des éléments nouveaux sur le parcours de soin de ces malades. L’analyse du devenir des candidats à une greffe cardiaque inscrits entre 2010 et 2013 en intégrant la méthode de risques compétitifs a permis de dissocier le risque médical du risque induit par le système d’allocation actuel. Nous avons ainsi trouvé 7 facteurs relatifs au candidat associés à un risque de mortalité élevé dont 4 reliés à la sévérité de l’insuffisance cardiaque et 3 non spécifiques de l’insuffisance cardiaque mais associés à un faible accès à la greffe. La prise en compte de l’effet centre sur les inscrits entre 2010 et 2014 grâce à un modèle mixte de survie a permis de déterminer les facteurs équipe associés à l’accès à la greffe. Parmi les 23 équipes de greffe en France, l’ajustement sur les facteurs candidat et équipe, permettait d’observer que 5 équipes avaient des résultats différents des autres dont 3 avec un accès défavorisé. La mise en évidence de disparités médicales, géographiques et structurelles, révélatrices de failles dans le système actuel d’allocation des greffons cardiaques, nous a permis d’étayer la discussion sur la mise en place d’un nouveau système d’attribution en France. L’attribution au patient plutôt qu’à l’équipe de greffe devrait être plus pertinente. Les méthodologies utilisées permettront d’évaluer précisément ces répercussions. Enfin, l’étude du parcours hospitalier un an avant greffe (2010-2015) à l’aide des données du PMSI a permis de constater un nombre élevé d’hospitalisations pré-inscription majoritairement liées à leur défaillance cardiaque et de longue durée, confirmant le caractère réfractaire de ces insuffisants cardiaques. Ce travail sera poursuivi par une étude approfondie de la consommation de soins de ces malades grâce aux données du SNDS, indispensable étape pour évaluer la prise en charge et estimer les besoins en greffe cardiaque. / Heart transplantation (HTx) is the preferred option for medically refractory advanced heart failure. Due to the small number of available grafts, current allocation policy in France, as in many other countries, is based on the severity of the candidate’s heart disease. This Ph. D thesis was designed to determine candidate and center factors associated with access to heart transplantation in France and in-hospital care pathways one year before heart transplantation using appropriate methodologies and the national hospital database. We first analyzed 1-year mortality in patients listed for HTx in France from 2010 to 2013 using competing risk models in order to distinguish patient-related predictors and the influence of allocation policy. We then distinguished the proportions explained by candidate characteristics and center factors with the persistent between-center variability on 1-year access to transplantation (2010-2014). These disparities are mediated by the severity of the candidate’s heart disease, the allocation system and listing practices rather than by transplant activity. These findings provide a new contribution to improve the heart transplant allocation scoring system in France. The study based on the nationwide administrative database overcomes a major limitation of the national transplantation registry by shedding light on the healthcare pathway of heart transplanted recipients (2010-2015) during the year prior to transplantation. These findings will be useful to assess the medical benefits and criteria for registration on the heart transplant waiting list. This study will be continued by a detailed analysis of the healthcare consumption of these patients based on French national health insurance (SNDS) data.

This diploma thesis deals with the creation of a business plan for setting up an hookah bar. The thesis consist of several parts – theoretical, analytical and practical. In the theoretical part, the basic term and definitions are described and defined. In the analytical part is analyzed the current situation in the market using theoretical knowledge and the practical part is the whole realization of the business plan itself.

For my project I’ve chosen to create a Business Plan for a Crisis Management Consultancy company. To do this I’ve used a limited company and named it Navigator Ltd. In the preceding project I’ve explained all the essential steps needed to create a new company, as well as pointing out the importance of crisis management for various companies on the market. I’ve described the services in detail, compared the competing businesses in the field of crisis management, shown a view of the future and built a personnel infrastructure of the described company. I’ve created a realistic company strategy and planned budgets needed for a smooth start.

The diploma thesis deals with elaboration of prospectus about the proposal of building a new style restaurant in the particular lokality, consequently in micro-region Novy Dvur. The final prospectus goes from the complete analysis of the market in term of potential customers and also of current competition. By the choice of the introduced project versions I take the investment return into account, cash flow and net present value. In graduation theses also I valorize diversification of the project.