Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2009. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:55:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cintra_ra_me_sjrp.pdf: 626325 bytes, checksum: d429c2d2a0f49562419d3bb7dd06af1a (MD5) / Nesta investigação, analisam-se as interações orais (aluno-aluno e aluno-professora), construídas em aulas de língua inglesa, em um laboratório de multimídia, utilizando-se o jogo simulador The Sims e sites da internet, para propiciar o desenvolvimento de tarefas comunicativas orais (Nunan, 1989). Ademais, são analisados alguns fatores que contribuíram para que as interações fossem construídas da maneira descrita. A pesquisa é classificada como de cunho etnográfico (Watson-Gegeo, 1988), havendo uma preocupação com a interação na sala de aula como espaço de aprendizagem (Moita Lopes, 1996). A pesquisadora desempenhou também o papel de professora de um grupo de doze alunos de Licenciatura em Letras, em uma faculdade do noroeste paulista. Destaca-se que esta investigação corresponde à primeira experiência da professora-pesquisadora com a utilização de computadores para o ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa, bem como da maioria dos alunos, que era semi-letrada eletronicamente (Buzato, 2001). Os dados, coletados por meio de gravações em áudio e vídeo, se constituíram por momentos de interações orais aluno-aluno e aluno-professora. Tais dados foram triangulados para que pudessem validar as conclusões dessa investigação. Os alunos desenvolveram o letramento eletrônico por meio da construção de andaimes realizada por parceiros mais experientes durante as interações. Alguns fatores interferentes nas interações aluno-aluno foram as atividades desenvolvidas, os temas propostos, as especificidades de cada material (jogo e sites), o papel desempenhado pela professora-pesquisadora no laboratório de multimídia e o semi-letramento eletrônico da maioria dos alunos. / This research study is of an ethnographic nature (Watson-Gegeo, 1988), concerned with classroom interaction as a learning space (Moita Lopes, 1996). The researcher was also the teacher of twelve learners, undergraduate students and future teachers of English as a foreign language, in a college in the northwest of São Paulo state. The verbal interactions (learner-learner and learner-teacher) analyzed were constructed in a multimedia laboratory, using a simulator game (The Sims) and sites of the Internet in order to propitiate the development of verbal tasks (Nunan, 1989). Some factors that have contributed to construct interactions were analyzed. This study corresponds to the first experience of the teacher-researcher in computer-assisted language learning. The approach used to analyze data was mainly qualitative, with some quantitative analyses. Data were collected by means of audio and video recordings, research diaries, questionnaires, interviews and a research report written by a lesson observer. The preparation and analysis of the questionnaires and interviews were based on Gillham (2000a; 2000b). Data were triangulated in order to validate the results of the study. Learners developed experience in computer-assisted language learning with more experienced peers who provided them with scaffolding during the activities. Some factors which interfered on interactions were the types of activities developed, the topics proposed, the specificity of the materials (game and sites), the role of the researcher-teacher in the laboratory and the learners' lack of experience in computer-assisted language learning.

This thesis is intended to give a panorama of technology in foreign language pedagogy. Although my field of study is French, the computer applications under scrutiny do not relate solely to the teaching of French. This paper begins with a criticism of the rigid listen-and-repeat language laboratory concept while tracking the rise of communicative language learning theory; follows the microprocessor revolution in language consoles; documents the development of computer-assisted instruction; showcases software evaluations of computer-assisted language learning; explores telecommunications; discusses satellite dishes and other computer peripherals; presents the results of a survey of Texas universities; and concludes with the presentation of the evolving language media center.

Magister Educationis - MEd / The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) both in the General Education and Training (GET) and Further Education and Training (FET) bands is viewed as an innovative tool in enhancing a learner-centered approach to teaching and learning. As a result, a number of schools in rural and urban environments in South Africa have been provided with computers and other digital resources to facilitate teaching and learning. This study investigated the use of ICT in the teaching and learning of English First Additional Language (FAL) at Grade 10 level. It set out to discover digital resources and literacies to which teachers and learners were exposed in the English (FAL) classroom, and how these resources were used to enhance learners’ reading and writing skills. Following a qualitative research design, this study made use of classroom observations and interviews to collect data from teachers and Grade 10 learners. The collected evidence was from a single school which uses Khanya Project ICT materials. The school is located in one of the disadvantaged black townships in Cape Town. The study made use of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) theory and the constructivist theoretical framework to make sense of classroom interaction and the extent to which ICT and other teaching strategies were used to facilitate acquisition of English language skills, particularly reading and writing. The findings of the study show that there are a number of factors influencing ICT integration in Grade 10 English (FAL). These factors include teachers’ and learners’ limited access to ICT and digital literacy. Other factors relate to pedagogy and support in the use of ICT in teaching and learning. All the identified factors indicate that there are a number of barriers to ICT integration in English teaching and learning. The study concludes that ICT use has great potential in providing creativity and innovativeness to facilitate language teaching and learning. Given the lack of adequate ICT resources and under-utilization of ICT resources in disadvantaged schools, there is a need to improve teacher and learner access to ICT, especially in disadvantaged schools. This could be done through monitored support and adequate teacher training and active involvement of higher education institutions through teacher training programmes which should prioritize ICT integration in their curricula.

Computer-mediated communication (CMC) offers opportunities to assist world language students to become global communicators in a digital society. However, perceptions of high school world language (HSWL) teachers on the suitability of these applications are not known. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore and document the professional perspectives of HSWL teachers who have taught over 10 years, to learn the benefits and obstacles that they must consider in teaching communicative language skills with CMC. The research questions explored possible reasons that would motivate or dissuade from teaching with these applications. The technology acceptance model extension (TAM2) provided the conceptual framework for this study because it elucidates the cognitive and social processes that affect teacher decisions when reviewing a technology to support their instruction. The collected data included 6 in-depth interviews, field observations, and document reviews. The data analysis began with a precoding based on TAM2, and coding to identify emergent themes such as student immaturity and content-specific professional development. In the findings, the teachers perceived CMC as unsuitable due to the digital divide and the focus on grammatical competence. However, the teachers noted the possible benefits of content-specific professional development. This study contributes to positive social change by providing insight into the current role of computer technology in HSWL instruction and suggestions for how to encourage teachers to adopt innovative uses of digital technology in their CLT practices.

The Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 requires high standards, but academic achievement among English Language Learners (ELL) falls below that of their peers in Texas. These students' lower academic achievement may lead to their dropping out of high school, not going to college, or being underemployed, a problem that led to this study. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether computer-assisted language learning (CALL) helps ELLs improve their English language proficiency compared to traditional learning approaches. Levy's theoretical framework on the implementation of CALL guided this study. A nonequivalent, pretest-and-posttest design was used to examine mean differences in the increase in proficiency level from the beginning to the end of the year on the Texas English Language Proficiency Assessment System (TELPAS) of ELLS in Grades 3-5 who participated in CALL and of those who did not participate. The sample consisted of 106 English language learners in Grades 3-5: 57 students in the treatment group and 49 in the comparison group. A one-way analysis of variance was conducted to compare language proficiency between the treatment and comparison groups. Results revealed no significant difference in the mean increase in proficiency levels of English language learners between the treatment and comparison groups. Additional analyses of TELPAS subdomains (reading, speaking, listening, and writing) indicated CALL was effective on reading only. Based on the findings, a project study on professional development was designed to focus on instructional strategies to support CALL. This project may lead to social change among administrators and teachers in the methods and strategies they use in the classroom to support CALL and as they work collaboratively to improve language proficiency among English language learners.

abstract: Computer assisted language learning (CALL) has become increasingly common as a means of helping learners develop essential skills in a second or foreign language. However, while many CALL programs claim to be based on principles of second language acquisition (SLA) theory and research, evaluation of design and learning outcomes at the level of individual CALL exercises is lacking in the existing literature. The following proposed study will explore the design of computer-based vocabulary matching exercises using both written text and images and the effects of various design manipulations on learning outcomes. The study will use eye-tracking to investigate what users attend to on screen as they work through a series of exercises with different configurations of written words and images. It will ask whether manipulation of text and image features and combinations can have an effect on learners’ attention to the various elements, and if so, whether differences in levels of attention results in higher or lower scores for measures of learning. Specifically, eye-tracking data will be compared to post-test scores for recall and recognition of target vocabulary items to look for a correlation between levels of attention to written forms in-task and post-test gains in scores for vocabulary learning. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis English 2019

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This dissertation presents the design of a novel joining-in-type humanoid robot-assisted language learning that uses two robots to conduct a goal-oriented conversation with the human learner to practice English as a second language. The system uses implicit learning as the main learning style to teach the usage of a specific expression form. A mix of tutoring and peer learning is implemented in the course of a three-party conversation. This learning style enables the learner to gain linguistic knowledge, and at the same time it improves the performance of the speech recognition engine. / 博士(工学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

In recent years, increasing attention has been placed on providing pronunciation instruction that meets the communicative needs of nonnative speakers (NNSs) of English. Empirical research and pronunciation materials writers suggest that teaching suprasegmentals before segmentals to intermediate and advanced NNSs could be more beneficial in a shorter period of time. However, the majority of the materials available that emphasize suprasegmentals are textbook-based, relying principally on classroom settings and teacher feedback. The purpose of Pronunciation Progress: Stress in American English is to provide NNSs with pronunciation materials for self-access and student-directed learning environments. These materials are designed as a series of computerized modules that focus on one element of suprasegmentals – stress. Pronunciation Progress: Stress in American English is divided into three units: syllable unit, word unit, and sentence unit. Each unit consists of different sections that include explanations of the content, examples, and practice exercises with immediate feedback. Learners can listen to native speakers on the computer and navigate through the content at their own pace, focusing on specific areas that they deem important for their learning. A pilot study was conducted over a three week period to evaluate these materials. Students at Brigham Young University's English Language Center provided written and oral feedback detailing their reactions to the materials. Participants responded to surveys for each of the three units and participated in a focus group that gathered comments regarding the overall usefulness and design of the program. Overall reactions to the program were very positive. In general, participants responded favorably to each of the three units for statements regarding ease of use, level of enjoyment, clarity of directions, newness of knowledge, interest of practice exercises, understanding of examples, and desires to practice outside of the lab. Many of the students said that they enjoyed all of the units, and all but one who participated in the focus group commented that they liked the sentence unit the most. Student comments also implied that participants had a raised awareness of features of stress in American English.