Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009 / Estudos sobre a importância de rede e apoio social nos desfechos em saúde têm sido desenvolvidos nos últimos 30 anos. Rede social é definida como o grupo de pessoas com as quais o indivíduo mantém contato ou alguma forma de vínculo social. Apoio social refere-se à funcionalidade da rede social (apoio emocional, apoio material entre outros). O presente estudo dá continuidade à avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da escala de apoio social utilizada em um estudo de coorte de trabalhadores de uma universidade pública no Rio de Janeiro - Estudo Pró-Saúde por meio da avaliação de sua validade de constructo através da análise fatorial confirmatória. Essa investigação baseia-se nos dados de 4030 participantes obtidos na primeira fase desse estudo (1999), onde um questionário multidimensional foi utilizado. Nesse foi incluída a escala de apoio social elaborada para o Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), que foi adaptada para o português, no âmbito do estudo. Foi realizada a análise fatorial confirmatória com o intuito de avaliar os modelos com três, quatro e cinco fatores quanto ao ajuste, validade convergente e validade discriminante. (...) / Studies about the importance of social support on health outcomes have been developed since 30 years. Social network is defined as a group of people which a person has contact with or any kind of social connections. Social support is related to the functionality of the social network. The present study continues the psychometric testing of the social support scale, used in a cohort of public university servents of Rio de Janeiro - Pró-Saúde Study – through evaluation of the construct validity using the confirmatory factor analysis. This investigation was based on information about 4030 participants in the first stage of the study (1999), which a multidimensional instrument was used. In this study, it was included the social support scale of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), which was adapted to Portuguese, in the study‟s environment. The confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the three, four and five factors models adjustment, the convergent and discriminant validity. The estimation method used was the WLSMV (robust weighted least squares) recommended to models with multivariate non-normal distributed indicators which is the case of the categorical indicators of the MOS social support scale. The fit indices used were the CFI (comparative fit index), the TLI (Tucker Lewis index), the RMSEA (root mean square error of approximation), the χ² statistic, and the WRMR ((weighted root mean square residual). The statistic program used was the Mplus. The four factor model was the one which presents the best goodness-of-fit measures (CFI=0,897; TLI=0,987). However, the residuals were high (RMSEA=0,131; WRMR=3,727), indicating a poor adjust. The convergent validity was good, presenting values above 0,50 of extracted variance and values above 0,70 of composed reliability in all dimensions. Only the material dimension presented good discriminant validity. In conclusion, nevertheless the four factor model presented some vantages compared with the other models, it is necessary implement changes to improve the adjust of the model. This modifications are related to itens exclusion, and not only about the dimentions addiction, which is suggested through insufficient results of the discriminant validity of that model - highly correlations in the “information” and “emotional‟ dimensions. A scale with a smaller numbers of itens should improve the measurements of social support and bring news conclusions in the investigations about the importance of social support in the social determinants and wellness.

Submitted by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-07-14T19:35:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE GISEL FATORE. 2015.pdf: 3095009 bytes, checksum: becebe9f8956330c8c568ff335a8e172 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-07-14T20:45:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE GISEL FATORE. 2015.pdf: 3095009 bytes, checksum: becebe9f8956330c8c568ff335a8e172 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-14T20:45:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE GISEL FATORE. 2015.pdf: 3095009 bytes, checksum: becebe9f8956330c8c568ff335a8e172 (MD5) / A asma é uma doença urbana complexa com múltiplos fatores associados ao seu desenvolvimento e remissão. Muitos fatores de risco para a doença foram identificados, e existe um debate sobre a contribuição dos fatores psicossociais na gênese da asma. A discriminação racial configura-se como um importante estressor psicossocial com efeitos negativos sobre a saúde. No entanto, os efeitos da discriminação sobre a asma infantil não tem sido investigados. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o efeito da exposição à discriminação em mulheres sobre a prevalência de asma nas crianças. Trata-se de um estudo transversal sobre a população integrante do programa Social Changes Asthma and Allergy in Latin America (SCAALA) em Salvador. A tese foi desenvolvida sob a forma de quatro artigos, tendo o primeiro como objetivo avaliar a confiabilidade e estrutura dimensional do “Experiência de Discriminação” (Experience of Discrimination - EOD), um instrumento de mensuração das experiências de discriminação desenvolvido nos Estados Unidos. Identificaram-se dois indicadores de discriminação: a experiência de discriminação e a preocupação com discriminação, com parâmetros aceitáveis de ajuste para o EOD no contexto brasileiro. O segundo artigo mensurou a prevalência de discriminação auto relatada utilizando analise de classes latentes. Os indivíduos foram classificados perfis de discriminação alto e baixo. A frequência das classes expostas à discriminação ou preocupadas com discriminação mostraram-se altas, principalmente no que respeita ao emprego e trabalho, com a cor da pele como um importante preditor das experiências relatadas. Já o terceiro artigo analisou o efeito da discriminação sobre a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns nas mulheres participantes do estudo, evidenciando maiores prevalências de TMC entre aquelas mulheres que referiram alto grau de exposição à discriminação ou preocupação com discriminação. O suporte social moderou a associação entre preocupação com discriminação e sofrimento mental. Finalmente, o quarto artigo estimou o efeito da discriminação referida pelas mães sobre a prevalência de asma nos filhos. Os resultados corroboraram a hipótese de que a exposição à discriminação racial nas mães se associa com sintomas asmáticos nas crianças, e com o fenótipo atópico. Em acordo com nossa hipótese de estudo, mães com sintomas psicológicos foram mais propensas a ter filhos com sintomas asmáticos quando expostas a discriminação que àquelas sem sintomas. Os achados deste estudo destacam a importância de estudar a discriminação racial no contexto brasileiro. Embora esses resultados necessitem ser confirmados em estudos longitudinais, contribuirão com a compreensão de uma doença complexa como a asma em crianças.

Background Demands placed on individuals in occupational and social settings, as well as imbalances in personal traits and resources, can lead to chronic stress. The Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (TICS) measures chronic stress while incorporating domain-specific aspects, and has been found to be a highly reliable and valid research tool. The aims of the present study were to confirm the German version TICS factorial structure in an English translation of the instrument (TICS-E) and to report its psychometric properties. Methods A random route sample of healthy participants (N = 483) aged 18–30 years completed the TICS-E. The robust maximum likelihood estimation with a mean-adjusted chi-square test statistic was applied due to the sample’s significant deviation from the multivariate normal distribution. Goodness of fit, absolute model fit, and relative model fit were assessed by means of the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and the Tucker Lewis Index (TLI). Results Reliability estimates (Cronbach’s α and adjusted split-half reliability) ranged from .84 to .92. Item-scale correlations ranged from .50 to .85. Measures of fit showed values of .052 for RMSEA (Cl = 0.50–.054) and .067 for SRMR for absolute model fit, and values of .846 (TLI) and .855 (CFI) for relative model-fit. Factor loadings ranged from .55 to .91. Conclusion The psychometric properties and factor structure of the TICS-E are comparable to the German version of the TICS. The instrument therefore meets quality standards for an adequate measurement of chronic stress.

Submitted by LUIZ ALBERTO STEPHAN JUNIOR null (luiz_stephan@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-09T02:13:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação-PEP-FEB-Luiz Alberto Stephan Junior.pdf: 4327343 bytes, checksum: fbcea22ffc9df5039f2156889fdb0fa6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-09-12T21:42:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 stephanjunior_la_me_bauru.pdf: 4327343 bytes, checksum: fbcea22ffc9df5039f2156889fdb0fa6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-12T21:42:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 stephanjunior_la_me_bauru.pdf: 4327343 bytes, checksum: fbcea22ffc9df5039f2156889fdb0fa6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-06 / O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a influência dos critérios do Modelo de Excelência em Gestão® (MEG) no desempenho as micro e pequenas empresas (MPEs) brasileiras e obter informações sobre o estágio atual da gestão nestas empresas, comparando-as ao proposto pelo MEG como gestão classe-mundial. Justifica-se este trabalho pela relevância do uso dos modelos de gestão no mundo corporativo, pelo reconhecimento do MEG como modelo de gestão classe-mundial, também pela importância econômica e social das micro e pequenas empresas no Brasil e pelas lacunas acerca da realidade da adoção dos critérios do MEG nas MPEs brasileiras. Utilizou-se um questionário baseado nos critérios do MEG para coleta de dados (survey), em que se obtiveram 602 questionários respondidos por completo, empregados neste estudo. Para a análise dos resultados, foi adotada a análise fatorial confirmatória como técnica multivariada. Foram definidas e testadas 07 hipóteses a partir dos critérios do MEG (liderança, estratégias e planos, clientes, sociedade, conhecimento e informação, pessoas, processos). Como decorrência, foram confirmadas seis das sete hipóteses e verificado que os critérios, conhecimento e informações, clientes, liderança e pessoas possuem forte influência no desempenho organizacional dos MPEs, enquanto os fatores processos e estratégias e planos possuem influência moderada, sendo também adotados pelas MPEs. Assim, esta pesquisa contribui para o preenchimento da lacuna de trabalhos utilizando pesquisa empírica, com um número grande de MPEs multissetorial e faz a confirmação da importância dos critérios preconizados pelo MEG para o desempenho organizacional nas MPEs brasileiras. / This research aims to evaluate the influence of the criteria of the Management Excellence Model (MEG) in Brazilian small business (SMEs) and get information on the current state of management in these companies, comparing them to that proposed by MEG as world-class management. This work justifies by the relevance of the use of management models in the corporate world, the recognition of MEG as world class management model, also for the economic and social importance of micro and small companies in Brazil and the gaps about the reality of adoption the criteria of MEG in Brazilian SMEs. We used a questionnaire based on the MEG for data collection (survey), in which obtained 602 questionnaires altogether employed in this study. For the analysis of the results, it was adopted confirmatory factor analysis and multivariate technique. Were defined and tested 07 hypotheses from MEG criteria (leadership, strategies and plans, customers, society, information and knowledge, people, processes) and the influences were confirmed in organizational performance factor. As a result, six of the seven cases were confirmed and verified that MEG criteria knowledge and information, customers, leadership and people are adopted by SMEs and have a strong influence on performance, while the processes and strategies and plans factors have moderate influence, and adopted by SMEs. Thus, this research contributes to bridging the gap jobs using empirical research, with a large number of multi-sector MSEs and is confirmation of the importance of criteria recommended by MEG to organizational performance in Brazilian SMEs.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:35:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Gustavo Friggi Rodrigues.pdf: 1098494 bytes, checksum: 499270bb00ae502d32d38cef5f9c3ec6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-18 / The "judicial reorganization" of Brazilian companies, instated with the enactment of Law 11.101/2005, brought a series of interpretative difficulties. One of the current issues is the contrast between the power exercised by the creditors in the reorganization, conferred by the Law, and its dimension within a procedure of a public nature, subject to confirmatory ruling. The work studies the organizing power of creditors in its main body - the General Assembly of Creditors (Assembleia-Geral de Credores) - the legal nature of the reorganization and its proposed plan. With the research, in particular the U.S. and the Italian foreign law, the thesis presents paradigms for application and interpretation of the law to this case, specifically in relation to court approval of the plan approved by the General Assembly of Creditors, in order to provide predictability and legal certainty to the judicial reorganization proceedings. / O processo de "recuperação de empresas" brasileiro, inaugurado com a vigência de Lei nº 11.101/2005, trouxe consigo uma série de dificuldades interpretativas. Uma das questões mais atuais encontra-se na contraposição entre o poder exercido pelos credores no processo, conferido pela Lei, e sua dimensão no interior de um procedimento de natureza pública, sujeito à decisão judicial confirmatório. O trabalho estuda a organização do poder dos credores em seu principal órgão - a Assembleia-geral de Credores - a natureza jurídica do processo de recuperação e do plano nele proposto. Com pesquisa no direito estrangeiro, em especial o norte-americano e o italiano, a tese apresenta paradigmas para aplicação e interpretação da Lei ao caso concreto, especificamente em relação ao juízo de homologação do plano aprovado pela Assembleia-Geral de Credores, de forma a prover previsibilidade e segurança jurídica ao processo de recuperação judicial.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T17:24:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-AnaValeriaCarvalhoPiresYokokura.pdf: 6263679 bytes, checksum: 10e62a4122185fac92398004b9092d42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-18 / Some research shows that coping with stressful situations during pregnancy decreases the breastfeeding time, however this association has been little studied in the world. This study had two objectives: to analyze the validity of the Perceived Stress Scale in a sample of 1447 pregnant women in Sao Luis, MA and 1392 in Ribeirão Preto-SP; and analyze the effect of stress during pregnancy on the duration of breastfeeding in 1134 mother pairs / son of St. Louis. In the first article we evaluated the PSS versions with 10 and 14 items through Confirmatory Factor Analysis using the mplus 7.0, and a new version was created (PSS12) from the deletion of two items that had low factor loadings (<0.40). The models were estimated by the method of least squares (WLSMV) adjusted for mean and variance. Models with two factors showed good fit (RMSEA <0.08; CFI / TLI> 0.90) and high internal consistency (α> 0.80) in the three tested versions. In the second article we used the perceived stress scale (PSS14) and Reporting of stressful life events (EVE) to assess stress. PSS14 evaluates perceived stress during the last month. The EVE assessed stressful life events in the last twelve months. The theoretical model was designed in Acyclic Directed Graph (DAG). Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. We used model of Cox proportional hazards, estimating the hazard ratio (HR) and 95%. The perceived stress during pregnancy was associated with a shorter duration of total breastfeeding (AMT) (HR=1,54; IC95%:1,23-1,93), but had no effect on exclusive breastfeeding time (AME). It was found that the PSS was adequate to assess stress in pregnant women in two cities in different regions. It suggests the use of PSS10 in the evaluation of perceived stress in pregnant women, considering their practical use, because it is a short range and its excellent fit indices. It was also found that the PEACE proved to be a tool to better identify stress than EVE. / Pesquisas mostram que o enfretamento de situações estressantes durante a gravidez diminui o tempo da amamentação, porém esta associação tem sido pouco estudada. O presente estudo teve dois objetivos: analisar a validade da Escala de Estresse Percebido numa amostra de 1447 gestantes de São Luís-MA e 1392 de Ribeirão Preto-SP; e analisar o efeito do estresse materno na duração da amamentação em 1134 pares mãe/filho de São Luís. No primeiro artigo foram avaliadas as versões PSS com 10 e 14 itens por meio da Análise Fatorial Confirmatória, utilizando o MPLUS 7.0, e foi criada uma nova versão da Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS12) a partir da exclusão de dois itens que apresentaram cargas fatoriais baixas (<0,40). Os modelos foram estimados pelo método dos mínimos quadrados (WLSMV) ajustados pela média e variância. Os modelos com dois fatores apresentaram bom ajuste (RMSEA <0,08; CFI/TLI >0,90) e consistência interna elevada (α>0,80) nas três versões testadas. No segundo artigo utilizou-se a Escala de estresse percebido (PSS14) e Relato de eventos de vida estressantes (EVE) para avaliar estresse. A PSS14 avaliou estresse percebido durante o último mês. O EVE avaliou eventos estressantes nos últimos doze meses. O modelo teórico foi desenhado em Gráfico Acíclico Direcionado (DAG). As curvas de sobrevida foram estimadas pelo método de Kaplan-Meier. Utilizou-se modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox, estimando-se a hazard ratio (HR) e IC95%. O estresse percebido na gestação associou-se com a menor duração do aleitamento materno total (AMT) (HR=1,54; IC95%:1,23-1,93), porém não teve efeito sobre o tempo de aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME). Constatou-se que a PSS mostrou-se adequada para avaliar estresse em gestantes, em duas cidades de diferentes regiões brasileiras. Sugere-se a utilização da PSS10 na avaliação do estresse percebido em gestantes, considerando sua utilidade prática, por ser uma escala resumida e seus excelentes índices de ajuste. Verificou-se também que a PSS se mostrou um instrumento capaz de identificar melhor o estresse do que o EVE.

In this thesis, using the principles of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the cause-effect concept associated with structural equation modelling (SEM), a new flexible statistical framework for evaluation of climate model simulations against observational data is suggested. The design of the framework also makes it possible to investigate the magnitude of the influence of different forcings on the temperature as well as to investigate a general causal latent structure of temperature data. In terms of the questions of interest, the framework suggested here can be viewed as a natural extension of the statistical approach of 'optimal fingerprinting', employed in many Detection and Attribution (D&amp;A) studies. Its flexibility means that it can be applied under different circumstances concerning such aspects as the availability of simulated data, the number of forcings in question, the climate-relevant properties of these forcings, and the properties of the climate model under study, in particular, those concerning the reconstructions of forcings and their implementation. It should also be added that although the framework involves the near-surface temperature as a climate variable of interest and focuses on the time period covering approximately the last millennium prior to the industrialisation period, the statistical models, included in the framework, can in principle be generalised to any period in the geological past as soon as simulations and proxy data on any continuous climate variable are available.  Within the confines of this thesis, performance of some CFA- and SEM-models is evaluated in pseudo-proxy experiments, in which the true unobservable temperature series is replaced by temperature data from a selected climate model simulation. The results indicated that depending on the climate model and the region under consideration, the underlying latent structure of temperature data can be of varying complexity, thereby rendering our statistical framework, serving as a basis for a wide range of CFA- and SEM-models, a powerful and flexible tool. Thanks to these properties, its application ultimately may contribute to an increased confidence in the conclusions about the ability of the climate model in question to simulate observed climate changes. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.</p>

Strategic Marketing is very essential to realize firm’s objectives and thereby take the advantage against the competitors. Innovation becomes the means of taking the firm to the higher level among the existing local and global competitors. Strategic Marketing (SM) is making the firm do well where as Innovation is still enhancing the firms capability of doing things better and it happens to be the need of the hour. Thus Strategic Marketing and Innovation becomes the important components that need to be adopted by any organizations. It becomes essential to analyze the importance of Strategic Marketing for realizing the firm’s innovativeness and there by achieve the higher growth. This research is an attempt to find how Strategic Marketing is affecting the organizations performance by adopting innovation. The literature review gives a clear indication to do the research with reference to our Indian MSME’s. Considering this, the following specific objectives were formulated for the research. • Building the measures of Strategic Marketing and Innovation and develop a conceptual research framework for examining the relationship between them. • Designing a measuring instrument using Strategic Marketing and Innovation measures and test the instrument. • Examine the relationship between Strategic Marketing and Innovation and also its impact on each. • Examine the effect of different dimensions of Innovation on Strategic Marketing dimensions and find which of these needs more thrust in an organization. • Make appropriate suggestions on the need for adoption of SM as a means for any Indian manufacturing organizations to achieve a higher growth rate. The constructs of Strategic Marketing and Innovation are identified for further study. A conceptual framework was formulated with the set of hypothesis which needs to be tested. A structured questionnaire based on likert scale is used for collecting the primary data. The manufacturing organizations falling under Micro, Small and Medium scale are taken for the study through the directory provided by MSME Development Institute of India, Bangalore. The data was collected by approaching the managers of the manufacturing firms who have responsibilities to exhibit different management roles. The purpose of collecting the primary data is to know the management’s view regarding Strategic marketing and Innovation related to their firm. Our work includes both pilot and main study, where in validity and reliability of the measuring instrument is tested during pilot study. In our main study, 150 manufacturing organizations were approached situated in Peenya and Rajajinagar, Bangalore urban region. We got around 91 responses yielding about 60.6 % response rate. The data was obtained from 91 organizations, consisting of 04 Micro, 38 small and 49 medium scale organizations. A detailed statistical analysis is done for the collected data. Highly loading factors for the collected data was found out using confirmatory factor analysis and followed by finding the summated score of the data for the further analysis. The main study data was analyzed using multiple regression method by considering Strategic Marketing(SM) constructs as independent variables and Innovation performance constructs as dependent variables. The different assumptions underlying multiple regression were verified and five regression models estimated. The overall model fit was assessed and hypothesis was tested. The relationship established between SM and Innovation performance clearly indicates that SM has a great impact on the innovation performance of an organization irrespective of whatever may be the type of innovation. Hence achieving of SM performance can lead to the achievement of innovation performance also within organizations. Further the significant variables were identified from the individual regression models, interpreted and the models validated. It was found that out of the four variables of SM considered, as many as three variables viz. Marketing mix, Brand positioning and Entrepreneurial management are having a significant impact in one way or other way on the overall innovation performance of the organization. The strategy of focusing on the identified significant variables of SM was suggested for improving the innovation performance within organizations.

Bei Verdacht auf Vorliegen einer systemischen Autoimmunerkrankung wird für die serologische Routinediagnostik ein Zwei-Stufen-Verfahren empfohlen. Zuerst werden Autoantikörpern (AAK) mittels sensitiver zellbasierter indirekter Immunfluoreszenz (IIF)-Teste bestimmt. Ein positives Ergebnis muss aufgrund der Möglichkeit von falsch-positiven Ergebnissen mit einem weiteren, spezifischen Test bestätigt werden. Dieses sukzessive Vorgehen ist notwendig, da zurzeit keine Assaytechnik die notwendigen Anforderungen an ein einstufiges Verfahren hinsichtlich Sensitivität und Spezifität erfüllt. Im Sinne einer effektiven AAK-Diagnostik kann heute schon eine simultane Bestimmung von mehreren AAK mittels multiparametrischer Bestätigungstests die Diagnosefindung im Vergleich zu konventionellen, monoparametrischen Tests wesentlich verkürzen. Jedoch erlauben die verfügbaren multiparametrischen AAK-Nachweismethoden nicht die Kombination von Screening- und Bestätigungstesten. Deshalb wurde basierend auf der digitalen Fluoreszenz mit der hier vorgestellten CytoBead Technologie ein neuer Ansatz entwickelt. Ziel war die Kombination der empfohlenen Stufendiagnostik bestehend aus sensitivem Screening und spezifischer Bestätigungsdiagnostik in einer Reaktionsumgebung und darüber hinaus die Möglichkeit der Adaption auf die serologische Diagnostik mehrerer Autoimmunerkrankungen. Durch a) die Nutzung von Standardglasobjektträgern, b) die Kombination von nativen zellulären oder Gewebesubstraten mit antigenbeladenen fluoreszierenden Mikropartikeln (Beads) in einer Reaktionsumgebung, c) die Möglichkeit der manuellen und automatischen Auswertung mittels IIF und d) die Erhebung von quantitativen Fluoreszenzmessergebnissen konnten die Nachteile der bisher bestehenden Testsysteme überwunden werden. Das neue Prinzip ist auf verschiedene multiparametrische AAK-Nachweise wie zum Beispiel die Bestimmung von antinukleären Antikörpern und AAK gegen entsprechende nukleäre und zytoplasmatische autoantigene Zielstrukturen anwendbar. Damit wurde weiterhin die Basis für die simultane AAK-Multiparameterbestimmung für die Serologie der Zöliakie und von ANCA-assoziierten systemischen Vaskulitiden geschaffen.

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