The aim of this study was to investigate sexual activity as well as contraceptive knowledge and use among termination of pregnancy (TOP) clients at Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital’s TOP clinic in the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). This was a non-experimental quantitative study in the form of a cross sectional study. Self-administered questionnaires were used for collecting data from 61 respondents selected non-randomly. The majority of the respondents were single young women between 18 and 27 years of age. Sexual intercourse frequency was mostly once a month (91.8%). Most were unemployed and dependent on government grants and had heard of both contraception in general and emergency contraception. Only 44 (78.6%) had used contraceptives before and the most frequently used method of contraception was the injection (36.6%). Despite the respondents having heard of contraception, the median score of the knowledge of contraception was only 16%. The distribution of knowledge was very wide, but on the whole the level of knowledge of contraception was very low / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

Depuis l’exploration naissante de l’économie endocrine du masculin jusqu’aux opérations de revitalisation pratiquées dans les années 1920 et 1930, cette thèse montre de quelle manière diverses opérations génitales, dont la vasectomie, participent des stratégies médicales de construction du masculin. En parallèle, la stérilisation masculine volontaire est explorée dans le cadre de projets eugénistes à partir d’une campagne pour la légalisation de la stérilisation en Grande-Bretagne, de débats au sein de la Ligue mondiale pour la réforme sexuelle et du mouvement néo-malthusien français. L’évolution des normes de masculinité et de paternité est enfin questionnée par le recours à la vasectomie comme moyen contraceptif de convenance. L’organisation de vasectomies clandestines, la répression et la réprobation sociale qu’elles suscitent interrogent la disposition de soi du côté des hommes et le rôle normatif de! la procréation. Le caractère polysémique des stérilisations permet ainsi d’explorer globalement les reconfigurations de la masculinité à une échelle transnationale. / From the nascent exploration of the endocrine system of the male to the revitalization operations performed in the 1920s and 1930s, this thesis shows how various genital operations, including vasectomy, contribute to medical strategies for the construction of masculinity. In parallel, voluntary male sterilization is explored in the context of eugenicist projects on the basis of a campaign for legalizing sterilization in Great Britain, the debates within the World League for Sexual Reform and the french neo-malthusian movement. The evolution of the norms of masculinity and paternity is finally questioned by the use of vasectomy as a convenient contraceptive method. The organization of clandestine vasectomies, the repression and social disapproval they generate question men's self-determination and the normative role of procreation. The polysemous nature of sterilizations thus makes possible the overall exploration of the reconfigurations of masculinit! y on a transnational scale.

This study documents the experiences of DRC Durban-based refugee women; i.e. their access to and choice of contraceptives. When the decisions that concern a person are made by her, that individual is able to make the best choices for herself and to take responsibility for her live. Being able to make the decisions regarding the issues of one's reproductive health, the control of one's fertility in particular is most definitely basic to the empowerment of the individual and central to the emancipation of that individual. Reproductive health consists of a wide range of issues that have to do with the reproductive capacities and health of women. For the purpose of this study, however, reproductive health is seen in the light of contraception and its uses and access. For this study, the term contraceptives refers to a form of birth control which could be a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications used with the intention to purposefully prevent or reduce the likelihood of pregnancy or childbirth. A qualitative methodology appeared to be appropriate in order to better understand DRC refugee women's choices that arise from varied experiences in accessing contracept ives. The findings of this study show that the access and choice of contraceptive methods among DRC refugee women in Durban is gendered and is a product of society. Changes therefore are necessary in order to eliminate all negative attitudes towards contraceptive access and choices. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.

Darbo tikslas - ištirti žinių apie šiuolaikinę kontracepciją poreikį slaugytojams ir akušeriams. Tyrimo metu siekta: įvertinti slaugytojų ir akušerių nuomonės apie kontracepciją ir įrodymais pagrįstos medicinos duomenų skirtumus; išsiaiškinti ir palyginti slaugytojų ir akušerių žinių apie šiuolaikinę kontracepciją panaudojimą praktinėje veikloje; išsiaiškinti slaugytojų ir akušerių nuomonę apie jų svarbą, lytinio švietimo ir informavimo kontracepcijos klausimais, veikloje. Tyrimo hipotezė - akušerių žinios apie šiuolaikines kontraceptines priemones yra geresnės negu slaugytojų. Atliktas vienmomentis kiekybinis tyrimas, taikant apklausos metodą, kurio metu naudota autorės sudaryta nestandartizuota anketa. Apklausoje dalyvavo 220 respondentų (107 akušeriai, 111 slaugytojai ir 2 asmenys nurodė kitą profesiją) dirbančių Kauno miesto sveikatos priežiūros įstaigose ir jų skyriuose, kurie dirba su moterimis ir kuriems gali tekti konsultuoti kontracepcijos klausimu. Duomenims analizuoti naudota statistinė analizė. Atliekant statistinę duomenų analizę analizuoti tik slaugytojų ir akušerių duomenys. Tyrimo rezultatai: vertinant teiginius apie kontracepcijos poveikį slaugytojos įvertino teisingai 3 iš aštuonių, o akušerės 5 iš aštuonių teiginių. 76,4 proc. respondentų atsakė, jog domisi naujovėmis apie kontracepciją. 60,5 proc. respondentų jų nuomone žino kas yra įrodymais pagrįsta medicina/praktika. 69,5 proc. apklaustųjų jaučia poreikį įgyti daugiau žinių kontracepcijos tema... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Research goal – to analyse the need of information about modern contraceptics for nurses and midwives. Study aims were: assess the differences between the opinions of nurses and midwives and the evidence-based actual data about contraceptics; to find and compare the application of information about contraception by the nurses and midwives in working environment; to gauge the significance placed upon them by the nurses and midwives in sex education concerning contraception. Hypothesis – midwives have a higher knowledge base concerning modern contraception than nurses. Public quantitative research has been conducted using a survey method, in which authors’ non-standardised questionnaire has been used. In total, 220 respondents have participated (107 midwives, 111 nurses and 2 people of other profession) from Kaunas city’s health care establishments and their subsidiaries, in which female patients are present or come to and in which some sort of consultation regarding contraception could be done. The data has been analysed with statistical tools. In the data analysis, only the data concerning nurses and midwives has been analysed. Research results: in the evaluation task of presented statements upon contraception, nurses have answered 3 out of 8 correctly; midwives have answered 5 out of 8 correctly. 76,4 per cent of respondents have stated that they show interest into the new modern contraception methods. 60,5 per cent of respondents claim to know what is evidence-based... [to full text]

This study explored knowledge, perceptions and attitudes regarding contraception and contraceptive practices among secondary school learners in the Limpopo Province. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 612 Grade 8 and 332 Grade 12 learners from 24 randomly selected secondary schools. The study found that permissive attitudes prevailed towards sex, characterised by casual sexual activities commencing at 12 years of age. The availability of contraceptive and termination of pregnancy (TOP) services did not enable learners to utilise them, because of social, cultural, financial and service barriers. Most learners were sexually active without being knowledgeable about contraceptives, emergency contraceptives and TOP services. Two workshops conducted with learners produced similar results to those obtained from the completed questionnaires. Semi-structured interviews conducted with nurses, providing contraceptive and TOP services in the Limpopo Province, also substantiated the findings from the questionnaires. Secondary school learners in the Limpopo Province require more knowledge about and ready access to contraceptives to enable them to delay child bearing until they are emotionally, financially and physically ready for these responsibilities. Nurses and teachers in this province can enhance the learners' contraceptive knowledge and utilisation to help learners make better informed decisions about their own and their future children's lives. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

No description available.

A dissertação analisa as experiências de anticoncepção de mulheres pobres multíparas, considerando os fatores que condicionam a sua autonomia no campo da anticoncepção. A pesquisa foi de cunho qualitativo, do tipo descritivo-exploratório. A coleta das informações foi desenvolvida através da realização de grupos focais com multíparas que freqüentam uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. As informações foram analisadas através de análise de conteúdo proposta por Minayo. A análise sugere que, para as participantes da pesquisa, o número elevado de filhos se justifica em função da sua autonomia contraceptiva reduzida gerada por fatores sociais e individuais. A análise indicou os seguintes fatores como implicados na produção de multiparidade – (1) sociais: dificuldades financeiras, problemas de acesso aos serviços de saúde e aos métodos anticoncepcionais e desigualdades de poder de gênero e (2) individuais: efeitos colaterais dos métodos anticoncepcionais e a auto-responsabilização pelo controle da fertilidade do casal. A multiparidade traz repercussões negativas para a vida dessas mulheres e, apesar de as participantes da pesquisa, em alguma medida, terem consciência dos fatores que limitam o seu potencial de autonomia para escolherem quando e quantos filhos ter, elas parecem não ter poder para modificar essa situação. No entanto, como o poder circula nas relações, suas falas sugerem que existe sempre a possibilidade de que elas ocupem posições de poder e consigam minimizar as dificuldades que enfrentam para controlar sua fertilidade. A pesquisa permite concluir que a retórica produzida no campo do planejamento familiar e sua ênfase na defesa dos direitos reprodutivos contradizem as experiências vividas pelas mulheres pobres que participaram desta pesquisa, no sentido de que essas mulheres não estão exercendo o direito de controlar sua fertilidade. O estudo traz contribuições para o trabalho dos profissionais de saúde no sentido de indicar não só as circunstâncias e os fatores implicados com a produção do fenômeno da multiparidade em comunidades pobres, como também de mostrar os limites das ações e dos serviços que atuam no campo do planejamento familiar. / This dissertation analyzes experiences of contraception among low-income multiparae women, considering factors that condition their autonomy in the field of contraception. The research is characterized as qualitative, descriptive-exploratory. Data collection was carried out through focus groups of multiparae women who attended a Basic Health Unit in Porto Alegre. Information was analyzed through the content analysis proposed by Minayo. The analysis has suggested that, for the participants of this research, the high number of children is justified by their reduced contraceptive autonomy, which is generated both by social and individual factors. The analysis has pointed out the following factors as being implied in the production of multiparity. (1) Social: financial problems, difficult access to health services and contraceptive methods, and inequality of gender power; (2) Individual: side effects of the contraceptive methods, and self-responsibility for the couple’s fertility control. Multiparity causes negative effects in those women’s lives and, although the participants of this research, to a certain extent, were aware of the factors that limit their autonomy potential to choose when and how many children to have, they seemed not to have power to change this situation. However, as power circulates in the relationships, their speech suggests that there is always the possibility to occupy power positions and be able to minimize difficulties they face to control their fertility. The research allows for the conclusion that the rhetoric produced in the field of family planning and its emphasis on the advocacy of reproduction rights contradicts the experiences that poor women have had, in the sense that those women are not exercising their right to control their fertility. The study has brought contributions to work of health professionals, not only indicating the circumstances and factors implied in the production of the multiparity phenomenon in low-income communities, but also showing the limits of actions and services that are present in the field of family planning. / La disertación analiza las experiencias de anticoncepción de mujeres pobres multíparas, considerando los factores que condicionan su autonomía en el campo de la anticoncepción. La investigación fue de cuño cualitativo, del tipo descriptivoexploratorio. La colecta de las informaciones fue desarrollada a través de la realización de grupos focales con multíparas que frecuentan una Unidad Básica de Salud de la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Las informaciones fueron analizadas a través del análisis de contenido propuesto por Minayo. El análisis sugiere que, para las participantes del estudio, el número elevado de hijos se justifica en función de su autonomía contraceptiva reducida generada por factores sociales e individuales. El análisis indicó los siguientes factores involucrados en la producción de multipariedad – (1) sociales: dificultades financieras, problemas de acceso a los servicios de salud y a los métodos anticoncepcionales y desigualdades de poder de género y (2) individuales: efectos colaterales de los métodos anticoncepcionales y la auto-responsabilidad por el control de la fertilidad de la pareja. La multipariedad trae repercusiones negativas para la vida de esas mujeres y, a pesar de que las participantes de la investigación, en cierta medida, tengan conciencia de los factores que limitan su potencial de autonomía para escoger cuándo e cuántos hijos tener, ellas parecen no tener poder para modificar esa situación. Sin embargo, como el poder circula en las relaciones, sus discursos sugieren que siempre existe la posibilidad de que ellas ocupen posiciones de poder y consigan minimizar las dificultades que enfrentan para controlar su fertilidad. El estudio permite concluir que la retórica producida en el campo de la planificación familiar y su énfasis en la defensa de los derechos reproductivos contradicen las experiencias vividas por las mujeres pobres que participaron de esta investigación, en el sentido de que esas mujeres no están ejerciendo el derecho de controlar su fertilidad. Este estudio también trae contribuciones para el trabajo de los profesionales de la salud en relación a la posibilidad de indicar no solo las circunstancias y los factores implicados en la producción del fenómeno de lamultipariedad en comunidades pobres, como también de mostrar los límites de las acciones y de los servicios que actúan en el campo de la planificación familiar.

A dissertação analisa as experiências de anticoncepção de mulheres pobres multíparas, considerando os fatores que condicionam a sua autonomia no campo da anticoncepção. A pesquisa foi de cunho qualitativo, do tipo descritivo-exploratório. A coleta das informações foi desenvolvida através da realização de grupos focais com multíparas que freqüentam uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. As informações foram analisadas através de análise de conteúdo proposta por Minayo. A análise sugere que, para as participantes da pesquisa, o número elevado de filhos se justifica em função da sua autonomia contraceptiva reduzida gerada por fatores sociais e individuais. A análise indicou os seguintes fatores como implicados na produção de multiparidade – (1) sociais: dificuldades financeiras, problemas de acesso aos serviços de saúde e aos métodos anticoncepcionais e desigualdades de poder de gênero e (2) individuais: efeitos colaterais dos métodos anticoncepcionais e a auto-responsabilização pelo controle da fertilidade do casal. A multiparidade traz repercussões negativas para a vida dessas mulheres e, apesar de as participantes da pesquisa, em alguma medida, terem consciência dos fatores que limitam o seu potencial de autonomia para escolherem quando e quantos filhos ter, elas parecem não ter poder para modificar essa situação. No entanto, como o poder circula nas relações, suas falas sugerem que existe sempre a possibilidade de que elas ocupem posições de poder e consigam minimizar as dificuldades que enfrentam para controlar sua fertilidade. A pesquisa permite concluir que a retórica produzida no campo do planejamento familiar e sua ênfase na defesa dos direitos reprodutivos contradizem as experiências vividas pelas mulheres pobres que participaram desta pesquisa, no sentido de que essas mulheres não estão exercendo o direito de controlar sua fertilidade. O estudo traz contribuições para o trabalho dos profissionais de saúde no sentido de indicar não só as circunstâncias e os fatores implicados com a produção do fenômeno da multiparidade em comunidades pobres, como também de mostrar os limites das ações e dos serviços que atuam no campo do planejamento familiar. / This dissertation analyzes experiences of contraception among low-income multiparae women, considering factors that condition their autonomy in the field of contraception. The research is characterized as qualitative, descriptive-exploratory. Data collection was carried out through focus groups of multiparae women who attended a Basic Health Unit in Porto Alegre. Information was analyzed through the content analysis proposed by Minayo. The analysis has suggested that, for the participants of this research, the high number of children is justified by their reduced contraceptive autonomy, which is generated both by social and individual factors. The analysis has pointed out the following factors as being implied in the production of multiparity. (1) Social: financial problems, difficult access to health services and contraceptive methods, and inequality of gender power; (2) Individual: side effects of the contraceptive methods, and self-responsibility for the couple’s fertility control. Multiparity causes negative effects in those women’s lives and, although the participants of this research, to a certain extent, were aware of the factors that limit their autonomy potential to choose when and how many children to have, they seemed not to have power to change this situation. However, as power circulates in the relationships, their speech suggests that there is always the possibility to occupy power positions and be able to minimize difficulties they face to control their fertility. The research allows for the conclusion that the rhetoric produced in the field of family planning and its emphasis on the advocacy of reproduction rights contradicts the experiences that poor women have had, in the sense that those women are not exercising their right to control their fertility. The study has brought contributions to work of health professionals, not only indicating the circumstances and factors implied in the production of the multiparity phenomenon in low-income communities, but also showing the limits of actions and services that are present in the field of family planning. / La disertación analiza las experiencias de anticoncepción de mujeres pobres multíparas, considerando los factores que condicionan su autonomía en el campo de la anticoncepción. La investigación fue de cuño cualitativo, del tipo descriptivoexploratorio. La colecta de las informaciones fue desarrollada a través de la realización de grupos focales con multíparas que frecuentan una Unidad Básica de Salud de la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Las informaciones fueron analizadas a través del análisis de contenido propuesto por Minayo. El análisis sugiere que, para las participantes del estudio, el número elevado de hijos se justifica en función de su autonomía contraceptiva reducida generada por factores sociales e individuales. El análisis indicó los siguientes factores involucrados en la producción de multipariedad – (1) sociales: dificultades financieras, problemas de acceso a los servicios de salud y a los métodos anticoncepcionales y desigualdades de poder de género y (2) individuales: efectos colaterales de los métodos anticoncepcionales y la auto-responsabilidad por el control de la fertilidad de la pareja. La multipariedad trae repercusiones negativas para la vida de esas mujeres y, a pesar de que las participantes de la investigación, en cierta medida, tengan conciencia de los factores que limitan su potencial de autonomía para escoger cuándo e cuántos hijos tener, ellas parecen no tener poder para modificar esa situación. Sin embargo, como el poder circula en las relaciones, sus discursos sugieren que siempre existe la posibilidad de que ellas ocupen posiciones de poder y consigan minimizar las dificultades que enfrentan para controlar su fertilidad. El estudio permite concluir que la retórica producida en el campo de la planificación familiar y su énfasis en la defensa de los derechos reproductivos contradicen las experiencias vividas por las mujeres pobres que participaron de esta investigación, en el sentido de que esas mujeres no están ejerciendo el derecho de controlar su fertilidad. Este estudio también trae contribuciones para el trabajo de los profesionales de la salud en relación a la posibilidad de indicar no solo las circunstancias y los factores implicados en la producción del fenómeno de lamultipariedad en comunidades pobres, como también de mostrar los límites de las acciones y de los servicios que actúan en el campo de la planificación familiar.

A dissertação analisa as experiências de anticoncepção de mulheres pobres multíparas, considerando os fatores que condicionam a sua autonomia no campo da anticoncepção. A pesquisa foi de cunho qualitativo, do tipo descritivo-exploratório. A coleta das informações foi desenvolvida através da realização de grupos focais com multíparas que freqüentam uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. As informações foram analisadas através de análise de conteúdo proposta por Minayo. A análise sugere que, para as participantes da pesquisa, o número elevado de filhos se justifica em função da sua autonomia contraceptiva reduzida gerada por fatores sociais e individuais. A análise indicou os seguintes fatores como implicados na produção de multiparidade – (1) sociais: dificuldades financeiras, problemas de acesso aos serviços de saúde e aos métodos anticoncepcionais e desigualdades de poder de gênero e (2) individuais: efeitos colaterais dos métodos anticoncepcionais e a auto-responsabilização pelo controle da fertilidade do casal. A multiparidade traz repercussões negativas para a vida dessas mulheres e, apesar de as participantes da pesquisa, em alguma medida, terem consciência dos fatores que limitam o seu potencial de autonomia para escolherem quando e quantos filhos ter, elas parecem não ter poder para modificar essa situação. No entanto, como o poder circula nas relações, suas falas sugerem que existe sempre a possibilidade de que elas ocupem posições de poder e consigam minimizar as dificuldades que enfrentam para controlar sua fertilidade. A pesquisa permite concluir que a retórica produzida no campo do planejamento familiar e sua ênfase na defesa dos direitos reprodutivos contradizem as experiências vividas pelas mulheres pobres que participaram desta pesquisa, no sentido de que essas mulheres não estão exercendo o direito de controlar sua fertilidade. O estudo traz contribuições para o trabalho dos profissionais de saúde no sentido de indicar não só as circunstâncias e os fatores implicados com a produção do fenômeno da multiparidade em comunidades pobres, como também de mostrar os limites das ações e dos serviços que atuam no campo do planejamento familiar. / This dissertation analyzes experiences of contraception among low-income multiparae women, considering factors that condition their autonomy in the field of contraception. The research is characterized as qualitative, descriptive-exploratory. Data collection was carried out through focus groups of multiparae women who attended a Basic Health Unit in Porto Alegre. Information was analyzed through the content analysis proposed by Minayo. The analysis has suggested that, for the participants of this research, the high number of children is justified by their reduced contraceptive autonomy, which is generated both by social and individual factors. The analysis has pointed out the following factors as being implied in the production of multiparity. (1) Social: financial problems, difficult access to health services and contraceptive methods, and inequality of gender power; (2) Individual: side effects of the contraceptive methods, and self-responsibility for the couple’s fertility control. Multiparity causes negative effects in those women’s lives and, although the participants of this research, to a certain extent, were aware of the factors that limit their autonomy potential to choose when and how many children to have, they seemed not to have power to change this situation. However, as power circulates in the relationships, their speech suggests that there is always the possibility to occupy power positions and be able to minimize difficulties they face to control their fertility. The research allows for the conclusion that the rhetoric produced in the field of family planning and its emphasis on the advocacy of reproduction rights contradicts the experiences that poor women have had, in the sense that those women are not exercising their right to control their fertility. The study has brought contributions to work of health professionals, not only indicating the circumstances and factors implied in the production of the multiparity phenomenon in low-income communities, but also showing the limits of actions and services that are present in the field of family planning. / La disertación analiza las experiencias de anticoncepción de mujeres pobres multíparas, considerando los factores que condicionan su autonomía en el campo de la anticoncepción. La investigación fue de cuño cualitativo, del tipo descriptivoexploratorio. La colecta de las informaciones fue desarrollada a través de la realización de grupos focales con multíparas que frecuentan una Unidad Básica de Salud de la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Las informaciones fueron analizadas a través del análisis de contenido propuesto por Minayo. El análisis sugiere que, para las participantes del estudio, el número elevado de hijos se justifica en función de su autonomía contraceptiva reducida generada por factores sociales e individuales. El análisis indicó los siguientes factores involucrados en la producción de multipariedad – (1) sociales: dificultades financieras, problemas de acceso a los servicios de salud y a los métodos anticoncepcionales y desigualdades de poder de género y (2) individuales: efectos colaterales de los métodos anticoncepcionales y la auto-responsabilidad por el control de la fertilidad de la pareja. La multipariedad trae repercusiones negativas para la vida de esas mujeres y, a pesar de que las participantes de la investigación, en cierta medida, tengan conciencia de los factores que limitan su potencial de autonomía para escoger cuándo e cuántos hijos tener, ellas parecen no tener poder para modificar esa situación. Sin embargo, como el poder circula en las relaciones, sus discursos sugieren que siempre existe la posibilidad de que ellas ocupen posiciones de poder y consigan minimizar las dificultades que enfrentan para controlar su fertilidad. El estudio permite concluir que la retórica producida en el campo de la planificación familiar y su énfasis en la defensa de los derechos reproductivos contradicen las experiencias vividas por las mujeres pobres que participaron de esta investigación, en el sentido de que esas mujeres no están ejerciendo el derecho de controlar su fertilidad. Este estudio también trae contribuciones para el trabajo de los profesionales de la salud en relación a la posibilidad de indicar no solo las circunstancias y los factores implicados en la producción del fenómeno de lamultipariedad en comunidades pobres, como también de mostrar los límites de las acciones y de los servicios que actúan en el campo de la planificación familiar.

Dans ses documents officiels, le Magistère de l’Église catholique qualifie souvent la contraception artificielle intraconjugale d’acte intrinsèquement mauvais. Le recours à cette notion semble considérer la nature biologique comme l’index impératif d’une norme morale sans autre considération. De quoi dépend alors la moralité d’un acte ? Une technique, prise en elle-même, comporte-t-elle une valeur morale définie ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons retracé l’évolution de cette notion à travers une relecture de ses enjeux théologiques en les fondant sur la circulation de plusieurs pôles de réflexion (Écriture, Tradition, raison, sciences, vécu). Pour dissiper les ambiguïtés liées à cette notion, nous avons estimé qu’il serait préférable d’employer l’expression d’acte injustifiable plutôt que celle d’acte intrinsèquement mauvais. La notion d’acte injustifiable a l’avantage de faire droit à l’herméneutique et à l’exercice de la raison pratique dans le discernement éthique. Ainsi, on peut faire droit à la pluralité et articuler au mieux la temporalité et la complexité systémique dans le jugement moral des actes humains / In its official documents, the Magisterium of the Catholic Church often refers to intra-marital artificial contraception as an intrinsically evil act. The use of this concept seems to consider the biological nature as an imperative index of a moral standard without other considerations. If artificial contraception is wrong in itself, then what place do we give to conscience and freedom of couples in birth control? Is there an irreducible opposition between the natural law and contraceptive techniques? Does a technique, if taken by itself, hold a defined moral value? To answer these questions, we have traced back the evolution of this concept through a rereading of its anthropological-theological issues based on the circulation of several poles of thought (Scripture, Tradition and Reason, Humanities, Experience, etc.). To dispel any equivocities and ambiguities related to this concept, we believe it is better to use the term unjustifiable act rather than that of an intrinsically evil act. The concept of unjustifiable act has the advantage of granting hermeneutics and the use of practical reason in ethical discernment. In this way, we can honor otherness (recognition of particularities and subjectivities, while searching for the universal), grant the plurality of actions, norms and systems of legitimation of standards and allow regulation to better enable the regulation of historicity, temporality and systemic complexity in moral judgment of human actions.