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The aim of this thesis is to investigate the social role of women in the Viking Age on Gotland. The female jewellery articulated the Gotlandic identity on the island in the Viking Age, unlike the men's jewellery which expressed similarities with other places in Scandinavia. Therefore, the female jewellery can be seen as traces of an important cultural expression that distinguished the Gotlandic women from others. The understanding of which types of jewellery that are considered to be linked to the female gender during the Viking Age is based on a number of excavated graves. The jewellery in graves have been researched for a long time. However, there is another category that includes jewellery which have been neglected, namely hoards. Therefore, this thesis investigates female jewellery in graves to understand the composition of jewellery in hoards. The purpose of this is to interpret if the hoards can express a female gender identity, similar to the female gender identity in graves based on the composition of jewellery. This is realized through the use of performativity and embodiment theory. The similarities and the differences between the jewellery in graves and hoards are investigated through a correspondence analysis. The result show that the differences between the composition of jewellery in graves and hoards are meaningful. The graves consists of a more complete set of jewellery made of bronze, whereas the hoards are interpreted to consist of parts of a complete set or a larger number of the same type of jewellery. The hoards also contain more jewellery made of precious metals than the graves. The hoards are intrepreted as savings of vaiable jewellery that could be resumed and used again by women. The Guta Law is applied in this thesis to contribute to the understanding of who owned the jewellery that women wore. The result is that women did not own the jewellry individually. Instead it was owned collectively by the family but that women might have had the responsebility of the jewellery during their lifetime. It is interpreted that women, through the use of Gotlandic jewellery, had the social role in society to show off the family wealth and their Gotlandic identity. Therefore, it is argued that women played a crucial part in public gatherings and had an active role in the Gotlandic society in the Viking Age.

[pt] Projetos de engenharia dependem de modelos CAD 3D complexos durante todo o seu ciclo de vida. Esses modelos 3D contêm milhões de geometrias que impõem desafios de armazenamento, transmissão e renderização. Trabalhos anteriores empregaram com sucesso técnicas de correspondência de formas baseadas em aprendizado profundo para reduzir a memória exigida por esses modelos 3D. Este trabalho propõe um algoritmo baseado em grafos que melhora o agrupamento não supervisionado em espaços profundos de características. Essa abordagem refina drasticamente a precisão da correspondência de formas e resulta em requisitos de memória ainda mais baixos para os modelos 3D. Em um conjunto de dados rotulado, nosso método atinge uma redução de 95 por cento do modelo, superando as técnicas não supervisionadas anteriores que alcançaram 87 por cento e quase atingindo a redução de 97 por cento de uma abordagem totalmente supervisionada. Em um conjunto de dados não rotulado, nosso método atinge uma redução média do modelo de 87 por cento contra uma redução média de 77 por cento das técnicas não supervisionadas anteriores. / [en] Engineering projects rely on complex 3D CAD models throughout their life cycle. These 3D models comprise millions of geometries that impose storage, transmission, and rendering challenges. Previous works have successfully employed shape-matching techniques based on deep learning to reduce the memory required by these 3D models. This work proposes a graph-based algorithm that improves unsupervised clustering in deep feature space. This approach dramatically refines shape-matching accuracy and results in even lower memory requirements for the 3D models. In a labeled dataset, our method achieves a 95 percent model reduction, outperforming previous unsupervised techniques that achieved 87 percent and almost reaching the 97 percent reduction from a fully supervised approach. In an unlabeled dataset, our method achieves an average model reduction of 87 percent versus an average reduction of 77 percent from previous unsupervised techniques.

This study was a replication and an extension of the 2021 research performed by Spurgin and Borquez on the correspondence between receptive and expressive behavior. Spurgin examined the role of the echoic in a hear-say procedure with adult learners, while Borquez examined the role of the echoic in both hear-say and see-say procedures. Both studies found that receptive and expressive correspondence did not occur consistently across participants. The present study asked if the fading steps used during training contributed to the results of the previous researchers. In the present study, the fading steps were changed to minimize the chance that the participant developed a position bias. The conditions were also counterbalanced to analyze the effects of hear-say vs. see-say, easy vs. difficult words, and the order in which the words were trained on the acquisition of receptive labels and the emergence of expressive labels. The study consisted of five phases: pre-training, hear-say teaching, see-say teaching, receptive testing, and expressive testing. Results indicated that although that acquisition of receptive labels improved, the change in fading steps did not make a significant difference in the correspondence of receptive and expressive language. Results showed similar correspondence in the hear-say and see-say procedures. Easy words and words taught more recently were correlated with increased receptive-expressive correspondence.

This literature review combines findings from 13 separate empirical studies from 2016-2023 with the goal of examining ethnic discrimination in the housing market across OECD countries. This review aims to highlight the various discriminations, the amount of discrimination rates and the extent of ethnic discrimination in the housing market. The findings reveal consistent and accurate evidence of ethnic discriminations against ethnic minorities from real estate agents and landlords, manifested through fewer positive responses and higher rejection rates. These studies altogether prove that ethnic discrimination in the housing market persists despite initiatives to reduce discrimination. This review contributes to a deeper and a more comprehensive understanding of the subject.

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For every famous author of the twelfth-century renaissance, there are numerous lesser-known writers. Despite being overshadowed by more brilliant scholars or those closer to the centre of important events, their voices add depth to the study of the intellectual history of this period. A founding member of one of the earliest Premonstratensian houses; a highly-educated and prolific author, much in demand as a hagiographer; and a vigorous defender of the clerical order, Philip of Harvengt is one such writer, and a worthy subject for study. This thesis examines two bodies of Philip’s works – his letters and his hagiographical writings – analysing the predominant and recurrent concerns and ideals expressed in them, and the means by which they are expressed. The letters are carefully crafted works, examples of the literary labour which Philip writes is incumbent upon the cleric. The first part of this thesis approaches these letters in chapters on four themes: the role of the ecclesiastical prelate; the importance of learning; the relationship between religious orders; and Philip’s use of the motif of friendship. His hagiographical works, too, are examples of literary artistry, to move as well as to educate the audience. In the second part of the thesis, these will be discussed individually, with the first chapter analysing his vita of Oda, a nun attached to his own house, whom he portrays as a martyr. The succeeding chapters consider Philip’s rewritings of earlier vitae, and show how he managed his sources in order to produce vitae depicting their subjects according to his ideal model of sanctity. Philip’s letters express concerns shared by contemporaries, reflecting anxieties surrounding roles and ideal forms of living in a period immediately following the first fervour of religious renewal. His hagiographies articulate ideals of sanctity, clarifying these when they are not made sufficiently explicit in earlier works, for the better edification of an audience pursuing this vita perfecta. Both letters and hagiographies are designed to exhort and instruct the reader or listener: above all, Philip is a teacher.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:22:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Paulo Rogerio Stella.pdf: 12351071 bytes, checksum: 5b413b8b5736a520f574011b6cc8bd72 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This text aims at the discursive study of six Files for the Registration of Correspondence from the Escola Complementar e Grupo Escolar de Itapetininga (Complementary and Publica School at Itapetininga). The Files contain 648 letters written by a writer contracted by the school in the period of 1905 to 1911. Starting from a study of the possible circulation of the Files and the contents of the correspondence, we established four major subjects: communication, requests, delivery and reception of documents. We constituted a corpus of 36 letters. The turning point of the work is the relation between the seemingly stability of the written language registered in the Livros de Registro da Correspondência and the possible aspects of instability as a consequence of the chances of regime from Empire to Republic in Brazil in the end of the XIXth century and beginning of the XXth century, same period as the creation of the school where the Files were found. The theoretical point of view is related to the notions of locutor (BENVENISTE, 1974/1989), interlocutor (BAKHTIN, 1979/2003), others (BAKHTIN, 1929/1988), discourse genre (BAKHTIN 1979/2003), immediate verbal context and extraverbal context (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV (1926/2000). The analysis of the material was done in three stages: 1) the observation of the language forms (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV (1926/2000) working in relation to person, space and time in the texts; 2) the observation of the organization of the forms of the language working as a discourse genre (BAKHTIN 1979/2003) named Livro de Registro da Correspondência; and 3) the interference of the extraverbal context in the forms of the language. We noticed that the locutor constitutes itself in a stable environment, organized under the theme of order which stabilizes and organizes the forms of language. But, an exterior reality, less stable, imposes itself in the reality of the language. We reached the conclusion that the Livros Registros da Correspondência are a way of dialogue (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 1929/1988) of the direction of the school. The value of order in circulation in the Files stabilizes the writing, but this value is only a wish of the locutor in relation to the interlocutors. A wish to come (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV (1926/2000), opposing itself to the value of disorder circulating in the reality during the beginning of the Republican regime in Brazil. / Este texto visa ao estudo discursivo de seis Livros de Registro da Correspondência da Escola Complementar e Grupo Escolar de Itapetininga. Os livros contêm no total 648 cartas registradas por amanuenses da escola durante o período de 1905 a 1911. A partir de um estudo sobre a possível circulação dos livros e o conteúdo da correspondência arquivada, definimos quatro assuntos gerais tratados na correspondência, que são: comunicações de eventos, pedidos, remessas e recebimentos de documentos. Constituímos um corpus de pesquisa de 36 cartas. A tese que perseguimos neste trabalho visa à relação entre a aparente estabilidade apresentada na linguagem do material registrado nos Livros de Registro da Correspondência e possíveis aspectos de instabilidade subjacentes, decorrentes da mudança de regime político de Império para a República no Brasil no final do século XIX e início do XX, mesma época em que a escola foi criada e o arquivo de correspondências foi feito. O ponto de vista teórico utilizado diz respeito às noções do locutor (BENVENISTE, 1974/1989), interlocutor (BAKHTIN, 1979/2003), outros (BAKHTIN, 1929/1988), gêneros do discurso (BAKHTIN 1979/2003), contexto verbal imediato e contexto extraverbal (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 1926/2000). A análise do material foi feita em três etapas: 1) a observação das formas da língua (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 1926/2000) em funcionamento a partir das relações de pessoa, espaço e tempo nos textos das cartas arquivadas; 2) a observação da organização das formas da língua em funcionamento no gênero (BAKHTIN 1979/2003) Livro de Registro da Correspondência; e 3) a interferência do contexto extraverbal nas formas da língua. Percebemos que o locutor se constitui em um ambiente estável, marcado pelo tema da ordem que estabiliza e organiza as formas da língua no interior do arquivo. Entretanto, à realidade da língua se impõe uma realidade exterior, menos estável. Com o estudo, chegamos à conclusão que os Livros Registros da Correspondência são uma forma de diálogo (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 1929/1988) da direção do estabelecimento de ensino, locutor dos registros com os outros órgãos públicos. O valor da ordem, circulante nos livros, estabiliza a escrita, contudo, esse valor é apenas um desejo que se opõe ao valor da desordem circulante na realidade durante início do regime republicano no Brasil.

According to the service orientation design paradigm there are business (BS) and electronic services (ES). BS encapsulate business concerns. ES encapsulate computing systems, information systems and software applications. In environments with a high number of BS and ES the decision on which ES provides the most suitable support for a certain BS is not a trivial task. The objective of the thesis is to provide models, methods, and techniques for preselection of ES for a given BS. Preselection is about reducing the large amount of ES to a significant smaller amount under the consideration of a particular BS.

According to the service orientation design paradigm there are business (BS) and electronic services (ES). BS encapsulate business concerns. ES encapsulate computing systems, information systems and software applications. In environments with a high number of BS and ES the decision on which ES provides the most suitable support for a certain BS is not a trivial task. The objective of the thesis is to provide models, methods, and techniques for preselection of ES for a given BS. Preselection is about reducing the large amount of ES to a significant smaller amount under the consideration of a particular BS.