Grâce aux concepts développés par l’histoire du genre et des femmes, ce mémoire cherche à jeter un regard nouveau sur le parcours de la courtisane libertine du XVIIe siècle Anne de Lenclos, surnommée Ninon. C’est que l’image qui a été véhiculée de Ninon depuis le XVIIIe siècle ne rend pas compte de la complexité du personnage : elle ne met l’accent que sur sa liberté sexuelle, ou au contraire, sur son intelligence et son rôle dans la vie littéraire du Grand Siècle. Une relecture de la correspondance de la courtisane et des documents notariés (actes économiques, testament et inventaire après-décès) la concernant permet cependant de mettre au jour le portrait d’une femme de tête bien différente de celle qui avait jusqu’alors été décrite, réussissant à concilier les transgressions qu’elle n’a cessé de commettre contre l’ordre établi jusqu’à la fin de sa vie à la réputation d’une salonnière admirée et respectée. / Thanks to the concepts developed by the gender history, this Master's thesis seeks to re-evaluate the life of the seventeenth century libertine courtesan Anne de Lenclos, known as Ninon. The courtesan’s image promoted since the eighteenth century doesn’t reveal the complexity of the character: it only focuses on Ninon’s sexual behaviours or on her intellectual abilities and her role in the literary life of the “Grand Siècle”. A new reading of the courtesan’s correspondence and notarial acts (economical acts, testament, post-mortem inventory) allows us to gain a new understanding of the figure of Ninon. Indeed, our research demonstrates how the courtesan succeeded conciliate transgressions against the established order with an admired and respected “salonnière” reputation.

The dissertation argues that the development of the British abolition movement was based on the abolitionists' perception that their actions were kairotic; they attempted to shape their own kairos by taking temporal events and reinterpreting them to construct a kairotic process that led to a perceived fulfillment: abolition. Thus, the dissertation examines the rhetorical strategies used by white abolitionists to construct an abolitionist kairos that was designed to produce salvation for white Britons more than it was to help free blacks. The dissertation especially examines the three major texts produced by black persons living in England during the late eighteenth centuryIgnatius Sancho's Letters of the Late Ignatius Sancho (1782), Ottobauh Cugoano's Thoughts and Sentiments on the Evil of Slavery (1787), and Olaudah Equiano's The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African (1789)to illustrate how black rhetoric was appropriated by whites to fulfill their own kairotic desires. By examining the rhetorical strategies employed in both white and black rhetorics, the dissertation illustrates how the abolitionists thought the movement was shaped by, and how they were shaping the movement through, kairotic time. While the dissertation contends that the abolition movement was rhetorically designed to provide redemption, and thus salvation, it illustrates that the abolitionist's intent was not merely to save the slave, but to redeem blacks first in the eyes of white Christians by opening blacks to an understanding and acceptance of God. Perhaps more importantly, abolitionists would use black salvation to buy back their own souls and the soul of their nation in the eyes of God in order to regain their own salvation lost in the slave trade. But ironically, they had to appear to be saving others to save themselves. So white abolitionists used the black narratives to persuade their overwhelmingly white audience that slavery was as bad for them as it was for the African slave. And in the process, a corpus of black writing was produced that gives current readers two glimpses of one world.

Notre thèse présente et analyse la vie et l’œuvre de Ceri Richards (1903-1971), artiste peintre britannique d’origine galloise, dont l’art est profondément influencé par la musique. Mélomane et pianiste amateur, Richards développe son art de façon très indépendante et marque l’art britannique par une originalité commentée et appréciée des critiques d’art londoniens de son temps, « ce qui le [classe] comme l’un des plus grands parmi les peintres britanniques du milieu du XXe siècle » (Bénézit). C’est après la Seconde Guerre mondiale que les références musicales apparaissent avec plus d’importance dans son travail artistique dont la série des Cathédrales englouties (v. 1957-1967), inspirée du prélude éponyme de Claude Debussy, est unanimement reconnue.La première partie de la thèse est une biographie revue et augmentée de Ceri Richards en suivant le fil conducteur de la musique. Elle s’appuie sur des sources, notamment épistolaires, jamais dévoilées jusqu’à présent et des articles sur l’artiste non encore exploités.La troisième partie est un catalogue raisonné de l’œuvre de Ceri Richards en rapport avec la musique. Notre classement, aussi exhaustif que possible à ce jour, établit huit grandes thématiques : le piano et les pianistes, Claude Debussy, Ludwig van Beethoven, les décors et les costumes d’opéras, la musique dans la poésie, les illustrations réalisées pour une Histoire de la musique écrite par Benjamin Britten et Imogen Holst, les illustrations d’ouvrages non musicaux et enfin d’autres thématiques musicales diverses. Ce travail de recensement et de catalogage, le premier jamais réalisé, souligne l’étendue et la diversité de l’inspiration musicale de Ceri Richards. / My thesis dissertation presents and analyses the life and work of Ceri Richards (1903-1971), a British painter originally from Wales. His art is profoundly influenced by music. As a music lover and pianist, Richards was particularly appreciated by London critics of his time who “placed him as one of the highest ranking, mid-20th-century British Painter” (E. Bénézit, Dictionary of Artists, Paris, Gründ, 2006). After the Second World War, the musical references are much more visible and important in his painting. His Cathédrale engloutie series, which was inspired by the eponymous Prelude by Debussy, is unanimously praised.The first part of my thesis is a biography of Ceri Richards, based on the importance of the music in his life. It relies on sources, letters unknown until now and articles about the artist never before explored.The second part investigates two corpus: the first one inspired by Debussy’s Cathédrale engloutie and the second by Beethoven in a comparative analysis.The third part is a catalogue raisonné of the work in relation with music. The organisation is in eight thematics: piano and pianists, Claude Debussy, Ludwig van Beethoven, opera stage decor and costumes, music in the poetry, illustrations realised for The Story of Music written by Benjamin Britten and Imogen Holst, illustrations for books which are not musical and other diverse musical themes. This catalogue raisonné is the first one and shows the extent and diversity of Ceri Richards’s musical inspiration.

BRAUNOVÁ, L.: František Kožík's biographical novels about Zdenka Braunerová compared to the extant correspondence /Master Degree Thesis/ Prague 2014, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Education, Departement of the Czech Literature. This Master Degree Thesis compares Kožík's novels Na křídle větrného mlýna and Neklidné babí léto with the extant correspondence, which is used in different ways in both novels. The starting point was extensive research, which provided a precise undertanding of the author's intentions. The goal was to find out how the author forms the characters and their relationship using sources, especially the correspondence. At the same time this thesis delineates the difference between facts and fiction with an example of Kožík's novels.

This diploma thesis presents compiled and edited collection of letters from the czech landscape painter František Kaván (1866-1941), a scholar of Julius Mařák's painting school, to the publisher and gallerist František Topič (1858-1941), the painter Oldřich Blažíček (1887-1953) and the librarian and bibliographer Ladislav Jan Živný (1872-1949). The edition is based on 104 letters kept in the Museum of Czech Literature in Prague and the Archives of the National Gallery in Prague. The correspondence describes a life of the painter from the year 1894 to 1941. The diploma thesis analyses and comments approachable literature and deals with relevant sources of material. Editorial comment summarizes principles and methods applied in this thesis, one part is dedicated to the editor Svatopluk Klír. The main parts are chapters based on commentary of selected passages of 104 edited documents with further relevant information in the apparatus. Fulltext edition of mentioned documents is a part of the appendix. A part of the thesis are indices and list of sources and literature. This edition of Kaván's letters from 19th to second part of 20th century reflects till now uncompiled sources and throug them give as a new insight into life and work the significant czech landscape painter and his three friends who...

This study analyzes, the structure of the Erasmus Mundus scholarship program by utilizing mixed methods, and is being analyzed within the contextualized framework of the Cambodia’s Higher Education system as well as its relationship with the Erasmus Mundus scholarship program. Mixed approach has been employed for this study, combining both quantitative data to construct the social space, which acts as a backbone for interpretation, and qualitative data from interviewing the scholarship program coordinator and scholarship holders in order to investigate the recruitment process and the students’ perception respectively, presenting the macro-micro relationship that makes up the entirety of the scholarship program. Collectively inspected, the findings reveal a new contextualized result that contributes not only to the development of the Cambodia’s Higher Education, but also to its position and its students within the space of the scholarship program of Erasmus Mundus. Through the close inspection using interview method, the underlying complexity of the recruitment process of the scholarship program is illustrated, indicating a multi-layer hierarchy and multiple decision-making processes. There are also implications of oppositions between the properties of the students, signaling the diversified student body in the scholarship program. Prominent theme of the opposition in the space appears to be related to the colonial past of the Cambodia’s system as well as the differences between local and international experiences that the students possess. Students interviewed in the study, furthermore, reveal how they prepared themselves to apply for the scholarship program and to be successful candidate, which depicts their assets and strategies that can be derived from the constructed space. Unanimously the students show strong confidence and great insight of information which can be understood as the compatibilities between the recruiter of the scholarship program and the students’ assets. Finally, overall findings give a new perspective of the profile of the scholarship program within the Erasmus Mundus mobility scheme. It shows that while students are required to possess certain objectively set requirements, there are also exception cases that students who possessed lower amount of capitals can also be successful, provided that the conditions like the credentials of their degree from Cambodia, as well as minimum requirements to pass the university admission have been met, and their “motivation letter” is exceptionally well-written which shows the subjective side of the recruitment process.

Budongo Forest Reserve (BFR) is a flagship reserve for primate conservation due to its abundant chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) population, and its current management policy for multiple economic, conservation and environmental benefits. The identification and better understanding of the structure and dynamics of the forest/plant community types, patterns of species distribution and quantitative properties of their diversity is important to the conservation and sustainable management of tropical rainforests. This study seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the BFR forest community types, species diversity patterns and environmental correlates, as well as natural regeneration processes (i.e. seedling establishment and sprouting). Data on vegetation and environmental variables were collected using rectangular 50 x 100m (0.5 ha) plots, sub-divided into five equal contiguous (20 x 50 m) 0.1 ha sub-plots. Data on land-use/cover changes, and relevant associated socio-economic parameters were collected through the analysis of multi-temporal satellite imagery and field observations, as well as interviews of local households and key informants. The study revealed significant land-use/cover changes, with the area under sugarcane cultivation increasing over 17-fold, from 690 ha in 1988 to 12729 ha in 2002, with a concomitant loss of about 4680 ha (8.2% loss) of forest/woodland, mainly in the southern part of BFR. These changes are attributed to agricultural expansion, a rapidly increasing human population, exacerbated by large influxes of refugees, lack of alternative sources of income, conflicts of interest and political interference in the management of BFR, and an unclear land tenure system. The need for more land for agricultural expansion and the loss of woodlands (a source of building materials and fuelwood for the local communities) is leading to the invasion of and encroachment on BFR, which threatens plant and wild animal conservation. The study revealed that the vegetation of BFR is formed by a mosaic of plant communities, with the major forest types being; Pseudospondias microcarpa Swamp Forest, Funtumia elastica - Pouteria altissima, Lasiodiscus mildbraedi - Khaya anthotheca and Cynometra alexandri - Rinorea ilicifolia forest communities. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that soil nutrients (Si, Ca, N, Fe and Li) and anthropogenic disturbances are the main factors controlling forest community patterns. The variances explained as a proportion of total inertia were relatively high (0.53 and 0.56 for basal area and abundance, respectively), showing how well the measured variables explained species composition. These plant communities differed significantly in terms of woody species diversity and richness; being highest in the Pseudospondias microcarpa swamp and lowest in the Cynometra alexandri-Rinorea ilicifolia forest. However, about 48 species were shared between the forest community types. A total of 269 species representing 171 genera and 51 families was recorded. Fisher’s alpha-diversity ranged 4.45-30.59 and 3.07-29.7 for stem diameters ≥2.0 cm and ≥10 cm, respectively, being significantly higher for stem diameters ≥2.0 cm. The use of stem diameters ≥2.0 cm unveiled 53 more species (19.7%), with only 216 species recorded for the standard ≥10 cm dbh minimum size usually applied in tropical forests. A SHE analysis also showed greater richness (ln(S)) and H diversity for the >2.0 cm than the ≥10cm stem diameters. Hence, the study reaffirmed that the use of 10 cm as a minimum dbh in woody plant diversity studies in forests, where many tree species rarely exceed 10 cm stem diameter, is highly likely to underestimate diversity and richness, potentially biasing the understanding of diversity patterns. The most speciose families were Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, Moraceae, Meliaceae, Rutaceae, Annonaceae, and Flacourtiaceae, accounting for 147 species. Families with the highest Familial Importance values (FIV) were; Fabaceae (17.5), followed by Euphorbiaceae (16.3), and Ulmaceae (8.35). The BFR exhibits characteristics intermediate between log-normal and log-series species-abundance distributions, indicating a community with a small number of abundant species and a relatively large proportion of rare species. Both Whittaker’s (βw) and the Morisita-Horn Index measures of β-diversity consistently showed higher β-diversity for logged and arboricide treated areas, followed by logged only, and then nature reserve historical management practice types. β-diversity was relatively high at the total forest community scale, but lower for stem diameter ≥2.0 cm than ≥10.0 cm data. Environmental variables significantly explained 66.5% and 61.9% of the variance in species composition for stem diameter ≥2.0 cm and ≥10.0 cm data, respectively. Hence, the variation in species composition of BFR is characterised by significant spatial patterns, and the patterns in β-diversity are to a great extent associated with environmental heterogeneity (i.e. soil nutrients, topographic and light gradients) and anthropogenic disturbances. Investigation of natural regeneration showed that sprouting is generally common among the woody species, with both canopy and sub-canopy trees sprouting prolifically. Of the 122 species affected by ii harvesting, and tree and branch fall disturbances, 199 (97.5%) from 31 families sprouted from the cut stumps, with only Caloncoba crepiniana (De Wild. & Th.Dur.) Gilg exhibiting both stem and root sprouting. Stump basal diameter, height, bark-thickness, and height of stump above the ground at which the first sprout emerged, were significant predictors of sprouting ability among individuals. Number of sprouts/stump differed significantly among families, species, and stump size-classes. Of the 241 seedling species, representing 46 families, about 30.3% were rare (only 2-10 individuals); while 12% were very rare (only 1 individual each). Cynometra alexandri C.H. Wright and Lasiodiscus mildbraedii Engl. were the most abundant seedlings and also among the most widely distributed species in the forest. Analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) revealed significant differences in seedling composition between transects, but not between topographic positions or historical management practice types. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that the measured environmental variables significantly explained 59.4% of the variance in seedling species distributions, with the three most important variables being organic matter, titanium and leaf area index (LAI; an indicator of light availability below the canopy). Hence, the important mechanisms influencing regeneration via seedlings in BFR operate through the soil system, and the ground and canopy vegetation characteristics. Nine of the 15 intensively studied multiple-use species, namely L. mildbraedii, Celtis Mildbraedii Engl., Pouteria altissima (A. Chiev.) Aubrev. & Pellegr., Chrysophyllum albidum G. Don., C. alexandri, Diospyros abyssinica (Hiern) F. White, Funtumia elastica (Preuss) Stapf., Chrysophyllum perpulchrum Hutch. & Dalz, and Antiaris toxicaria (Pers.) Lesch. had highly negative size-class distribution (SCD) slopes and substantial seedling regeneration. While Alstonia boonei De Wild. and Cordia millenii Bak. had weakly negative SCD slopes and pulsed or sporadic regeneration patterns. The wide distribution of seedlings for a variety of species, and with most of the intensively studied species having population structures showing healthy regeneration patterns, suggests that BFR is currently experiencing a continuous regeneration phase. In conclusion, the gradients in the vegetation of BFR are a reflection not only of site conditions as shown by the edaphic and abiotic factors, but also the history of human interventions.

La quantification par déformation et la correspondance de McKay forment les grands thèmes de l'étude qui porte sur des variétés algébriques singulières, des quotients d'algèbres de polynômes et des algèbres de polynômes invariants sous l'action d'un groupe fini. Nos principaux outils sont les cohomologies de Poisson et de Hochschild et la théorie des représentations. Certains calculs formels sont effectués avec Maple et GAP. Nous calculons les espaces d'homologie et de cohomologie de Hochschild des surfaces de Klein, en développant une généralisation du Théorème de HKR au cas de variétés non lisses et utilisons la division multivariée et les bases de Gröbner. La clôture de l'orbite nilpotente minimale d'une algèbre de Lie simple est une variété algébrique singulière sur laquelle nous construisons des star-produits invariants, grâce à la décomposition BGS de l'homologie et de la cohomologie de Hochschild, et à des résultats sur les invariants des groupes classiques. Nous explicitons les générateurs de l'idéal de Joseph associé à cette orbite et calculons les caractères infinitésimaux. Pour les algèbres de Lie simples B, C, D, nous établissons des résultats généraux sur l'espace d'homologie de Poisson en degré 0 de l'algèbre des invariants, qui vont dans le sens de la conjecture d'Alev et traitons les rangs 2 et 3. Nous calculons des séries de Poincaré à 2 variables pour des sous-groupes finis du groupe spécial linéaire en dimension 3, montrons que ce sont des fractions rationnelles, et associons aux sous-groupes une matrice de Cartan généralisée pour obtenir une correspondance de McKay algébrique en dimension 3. Toute l'étude a donné lieu à 4 articles / Deformation quantization and McKay correspondence form the main themes of the study which deals with singular algebraic varieties, quotients of polynomial algebras, and polynomial algebras invariant under the action of a finite group. Our main tools are Poisson and Hochschild cohomologies and representation theory. Certain calculations are made with Maple and GAP. We calculate Hochschild homology and cohomology spaces of Klein surfaces by developing a generalization of HKR theorem in the case of non-smooth varieties and use the multivariate division and the Groebner bases. The closure of the minimal nilpotent orbit of a simple Lie algebra is a singular algebraic variety : on this one we construct invariant star-products, with the help of the BGS decomposition of Hochschild homology and cohomology, and of results on the invariants of the classical groups. We give the generators of the Joseph ideal associated to this orbit and calculate the infinitesimal characters. For simple Lie algebras of type B, C, D, we establish general results on the Poisson homology space in degree 0 of the invariant algebra, which support Alev's conjecture, then we are interested in the ranks 2 and 3. We compute Poincaré series of 2 variables for the finite subgroups of the special linear group in dimension 3, show that they are rational fractions, and associate to the subgroups a generalized Cartan matrix in order to obtain a McKay correspondence in dimension 3. All the study comes from 4 papers

Soit p un nombre premier. Cette thèse est une contribution à la théorie des représentations modulo p des groupes réductifs p-adiques, jusque là essentiellement centrée sur le groupe linéaire général GL(n) défini sur un corps local non archimédien F complet pour une valuation discrète, de caractéristique résiduelle p et de corps résiduel fini. L’originalité de nos travaux réside notamment dans le fait qu’ils concernent d’autres groupes : nous nous intéressons en effet à la description des classes d’isomorphisme des représentations modulo p de groupes formés des F-points d’un groupe réductif connexe défini, quasi-déployé de rang semi-simple égal à 1 sur F. Une place particulière est accordée au groupe spécial linéaire SL(2) et au groupe unitaire quasi-déployé non ramifié en trois variables U(2,1). Dans ces deux cas, nous montrons que les classes d’isomorphisme des représentations lisses irréductibles admissibles à coefficients dans un corps algébriquement clos de caractéristique p se scindent en deux familles : les représentations non supersingulières et les représentations supersingulières. Nous décrivons complètement les représentations non supersingulières, et montrons que la notion de supersingularité est équivalence à la notion de supercuspidalité apparaissant dans la théorie complexe. Nous donnons aussi une description explicite des représentations supersingulières de SL(2,Q_{p}), ce qui nous permet de définir dans ce cas une correspondance de Langlands locale semi-simple modulo p compatible à celle construite par Breuil pour GL(2). Nous généralisons ensuite les méthodes utilisées jusqu’alors pour obtenir la description des représentations non supercuspidales de G(F) lorsque G est un groupe réductif connexe défini, quasi-déployé, et rang semi-simple égal à 1 sur F. Elle fait apparaître trois familles deux à deux disjointes de représentations : les caractères, les représentations de la série principale et celles de la série spéciale. Nous terminons par une classification des modules à droite simples sur la pro-p-algèbre de Hecke-Iwahori H de SL(2,F). On déduit en particulier que l’application qui envoie une représentation lisse modulo p de SL(2,F) sur son espace de vecteurs invariants sous l’action du pro-p-sous-groupe d'Iwahori induit une bijection entre l’ensemble des classes d’isomorphisme des représentations lisses irréductibles non supersingulières de SL(2,F) et l’ensemble des classes d’isomorphisme des H-modules à droite simples non supersinguliers. Cette bijection s’étend aux objets supersinguliers lorsque l’on suppose que F = Q_{p}, ce qui est de bon augure dans la recherche d’une équivalence de catégories analogue à celle obtenue par Ollivier dans le cadre de la théorie existant pour GL(2, Q_{p}). / Let p be a prime number. This thesis is a contribution to the theory of mod p representations of p-adic reductive groups, which was until now mainly focused on the general linear group GL(n) defined over a non-archimedean local field F complete with respect to a discrete valuation and with finite residue class field of characteristic p. Our work is original as it deals with other groups : we indeed look for a classification of isomorphism classes of modulo p representations of groups formed by the F-points of a connected reductive group defined, quasi-split and of semi-simple rank 1 over F. A special place is devoted to the special linear group SL(2) and to the unramified quasi-split unitary group. In these two cases, we prove that the isomorphism classes of irreducible smooth representations over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p split into two families : supersingular and non-supersingular representations. We give a complete description of non-supersingular representations and prove that supersingularity is equivalent to the notion of supercuspidality that appears in the complex theory. We also make explicit the supersingular representations of SL(2,Q_{p}), what allows us to define a mod p semi-simple local Langlands correspondence that is compatible to the one built by Breuil for GL(2). We then generalize the methods used above to classify the isomorphism classes of non-supercuspidal representations of G(F) for G a connected reductive group which is defined, quasi-split and of semi-simple rank 1 over F. This classification is made up of three pairwise disjoint families : characters, representations of the principal series, and representations of the special series. We finally come back to SL(2) as we give an exhaustive classification of isomorphism classes of simple right modules on the pro-p-Iwahori-Hecke algebra H of SL(2,F). It implies that the map sending a smooth mod p representation of SL(2,F) on its vector space of invariants vectors under the action of the pro-p-Iwahori subgroup induces a bijection between non-supersingular irreducible smooth representations of SL(2,F) and non-supersingular simple right H-modules. This bijection extends to supersingular objects when F = Q_{p}, what is the first step in the search for an equivalence of categories similar to the one built by Ollivier in the setting of mod p representations of GL(2, Q_{p}).

O objetivo desta dissertação é revisar os operadores laços de Wilson no contexto da correspondência AdS/CFT. Estes operadores, presentes em qualquer teoria de calibre, são importantes por nos fornecer um parâmetro de ordem para a transição de fase confinante/desconfinante. Além disso, eles são particularmente importantes no estudo da correspondência AdS/ CFT pois: i) Eles nos dão, em alguns casos, resultados exatos graças ao fato de poderem ser localizados em um modelo de matrizes, desta forma nos permitindo fazer testes altamente não triviais da correspondência; ii) Eles são os objetos da teoria de calibre que são duais as cordas propagando no interior do espaço, nos dando um rico dicionário entre quantidades no interior (AdS) e na borda do espaço (CFT). Depois de revisarmos os laços de Wilson em teorias de calibre e a correspondência Ads/CFT, introduziremos a definição dos laços de Wilson supersimétricos 1/2 BPS. Calcularemos eles para o caso de um acoplamento fraco e para qualquer outro valor da constante de acoplamento usando técnicas de modelos de matrizes. Finalmente, compararemos nossos resultados com computações de superfícies minimais no interior do espaço, encontrando uma concordância perfeita. / The aim of this thesis is to review Wilson loop operators in the contexto f the AdS/CFT correspondence. These operators, wich are present in any gauge theory, are important because they furnish an order parameter for confinement/deconfinement phase transitions. Besides this, they are particularly relevant in the study of the AdS/CFT correspondence because: i) they allow, in some cases, for exact results thanks to localization to matrix models and make it possible to perform highly non-trivial tests of the correspondence; ii) they are the gauge theory objects dual to strings propagating in the bulk of the space and give a rich dictionary between bulk (AdS) and boundary (CFT) quantities. After reviews of Wilson loops in gauge theories and of the Ads/CFT correspondence, we will introduce the definition of 1/2 BPS supersymmetric Wilson loops, we will compute them at weak coupling and then at any order in the coupling constant via matrix model techniques, and finally we will compare our results with minimal surface computations in the bulk, finding perfect agreement.