Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:51:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 98387.pdf.jpg: 16975 bytes, checksum: 3dd125e44ea216a8ba536de4b369bb6b (MD5) 98387.pdf: 424690 bytes, checksum: a464d89d0140803964eef6177b44a74a (MD5) 98387.pdf.txt: 255178 bytes, checksum: ebbca44db9135dc7763bf6d3682f266a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-04-07T00:00:00Z / This paper analyses, in an exploratory way, through a case study carried out at CVC, the possible utilizations of the Internet in tourism operation. In order to lead this approach, the impact toward the variables of the market mix and the process of service provision under the user’s eyes has been studied The theoretical differential adopted in the study establishes the fundamentals to analyze the empirical evidences and provides adequacy of the concepts used to the characteristics of the operator. The model of the market mix is used as a conduit to build a referential. It is adjusted both to the services provision and to the operator. Thus, it is considered that the product of the tourism operator is the service provision that involves contracting, organization and execution. Analysis on the Internet is aimed at the first two processes. What can be concluded, as regards the variables of the market mix in the company under study, is that the Internet is little used to break the boundaries of time and place, considered by the literature as the main benefits offered to the user as direct channel by the Internet. Its use is more associated to the integration of the industry members than to reaching the user’s higher satisfaction, for the possibility the website offers of personalizing the market mix. The flexibility of the mix, as to products and rates, is more benefited from in travel agencies. The effects of the use of the Internet in the process of services provided by CVC can be seen in the virtual agency (the website) and in the travel agent. Service provision via website represents the first major change, as the interaction between users, employees and physical environment is being replaced by electronic interaction, chat and e-mail, or even by phone, and the physical infrastructure by computers and communication links. In the case of travel agencies, the change is related to the possibility of having active participation of the user in the elaboration phase of the package, which favorably leads to flexibility in tourism programs. / O trabalho analisa em caráter exploratório, através de um estudo de caso com a CVC, quais são as possíveis utilizações da Internet na operação de turismo. Para direcionar essa abordagem verifica-se o impacto em relação às variáveis do composto mercadológico e ao processo de prestação de serviços sob a ótica do usuário. O referencial teórico adotado na pesquisa estabelece as bases para análise das evidências empíricas e proporciona adaptações dos conceitos utilizados às características do operador. O modelo de composto mercadológico é utilizado como fio condutor na construção de um referencial. Ele é adaptado à prestação de serviços e ao operador. Desta forma, considera-se que o produto do operador de turismo é a prestação do serviço que envolve a contratação, organização e execução. A análise da internet está direcionada para os dois primeiros processos. O que se conclui em relação às variáveis do composto mercadológico na empresa analisada é que a internet é pouco utilizada para romper as limitações de tempo e lugar, consideradas pela literatura como os principais benefícios da Internet como canal direto para o usuário. Seu uso está mais associado à integração dos membros da indústria do que para atingir maior satisfação do usuário pela possibilidade que o site oferece para personalização do composto mercadológico. A flexibilidade do composto, no produto e no preço, é mais aproveitada nas agências de viagens. Os efeitos do uso da Internet no processo de prestação de serviço da CVC são percebidos na agência virtual (o site) e no agente de viagem. A prestação de serviço via site representa a primeira grande alteração, pois a interação entre usuários, funcionários e ambiente físico é substituída pela interação eletrônica, chat e e-mail, ou mesmo telefone, e a infra-estrutura física por computadores e linhas de comunicação. No caso das agências de viagens, a alteração está relacionada à possibilidade de participação ativa do usuário na fase de elaboração do pacote, o que propicia flexibilidade nos programas de turismo.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:15:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseWFS.pdf: 4914051 bytes, checksum: 4550c1829eb7c8f4350da734e26556b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-11-17 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Diamond films grown by both hot filament (HFCVD) and microwave-plasma (MW-CVD) assisted chemical vapor deposition were investigated. Raman spectroscopy, scan- ning electron microscopy and X-ray di¤raction were employed in order to perform systematic studies about the crystalline quality and the phase purity of the films, as a function of the deposition temperature. It was found that both techniques produced diamond films of similarly good purity; however, the MWCVD produced films of higher crystalline quality. Changes in the shape of the Raman line were found to be due to both phonon confinement and residual stress. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements were employed in a detailed study of the origin of defects in the diamond films grown by MWCVD and HFCVD. The results showed evidence of optical centers induced by different impurities. The defects were captured by silicon and tungsten atoms incorporated, respectively, in the diamond lattice of films grown by MWCVD and HFCVD. Boron-doped diamond films were also studied using Raman and transport measurements. Boron incorporation induces disorder in the diamond structure, causes the appearance of a band observed at ~ 1220 cm-1, and provokes an effect in the Raman line of diamond that could be attributed to the Fano type interference. Resistivity as a function of the boron concentration - in association with the Raman spectra - and temperature dependent transport measurements were employed. The results showed that the variable range hopping mechanism (VRH) dominates the transport in these doped diamond films. / Filmes de diamante crescidos por deposição de vapor químico (CVD) assistido por filamento quente (HFCVD) e plasma de microondas (MWCVD) foram investigados. Espectroscopia Raman, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e difração de raios-X foram utilizadas para realizar estudos sistemáticos sobre a qualidade cristalina e a pureza de fase dos filmes, como função da temperatura de deposição. Ambas as técnicas produziram filmes de pureza similarmente boa. No entanto, a técnica de MWCVD foi a que forneceu maior qualidade cristalina. Mudanças na forma da linha Raman foram atribuídas tanto ao confinamento do fônon quanto ao estresse residual. Medidas de fotoluminescência (PL) foram realizadas em um estudo detalhado sobre a origem dos defeitos nos filmes de diamante crescidos por MWCVD e HFCVD. Os resultados mostraram evidências de centros ópticos induzidos por diferentes impurezas. Os defeitos foram aprisionados pela incorporação de átomos de silício e de tungstênio, respectivamente, na rede do diamante dos filmes crescidos por MWCVD e HFCVD. Filmes de diamante dopados com boro também foram estudados, usando medidas Raman e de transporte. A incorporação do boro induz desordem na rede do diamante, causando a aparecimento de banda Raman em ~ 1220 cm-1, e provoca efeito na linha Raman do diamante que pôde ser atribuído a uma interferência tipo-Fano. Medidas da resistividade em função da concentração de boro - em associação com os espectros Raman - e de transporte dependente da temperatura também foram realizadas. Os resultados mostraram que o mecanismo "hopping" de alcance variável (VRH) domina o transporte nesses filmes.

O bi-trem é um veículo cada vez mais comum no trânsito brasileiro. Por ser um veículo de grande porte, é capaz de se envolver em acidentes catastróficos caso o sistema de freio não esteja projetado de maneira adequada. Neste contexto é necessário um estudo que permita prever e otimizar o desempenho do sistema de freios para qualquer condição operacional. Para isso foi desenvolvida uma planilha de cálculos para estudar o desempenho da frenagem de um bi-trem. A planilha calcula a aderência que cada eixo utiliza, a desaceleração máxima desenvolvida pelo veículo, o espaço e o tempo de parada, a força de frenagem (e sua porcentagem) em cada eixo, a temperatura final do tambor, a eficiência do sistema de freios, as forças normais ao pavimento, a distribuição real e ideal das forças de frenagem e verifica se o cavalo mecânico e os semi-reboques se enquadram, respectivamente, nos diagramas 3 e 4 do anexo 10 da ECE-R13. Tais cálculos podem ser feitos com o veículo utilizando ou não ABS e com válvula sensível a carga nos semi-reboques e no \"tandem\" do cavalo mecânico. A planilha de cálculo foi aplicada em um veículo exemplo e os resultados são apresentados nesta dissertação. O sistema de freios desse veículo foi otimizado com a utilização da planilha, mostrando como ela pode ser de grande auxílio ao projetista. / The bi-trem (a vehicle similar to a twin trailler truck) is more and more common in the brazilians highways. Because it\'s a large and heavy vehicle it can cause catastrophics accidents if the brakes are not well developed. In this context it is necessary a study that allows to foresee and to optimize the performance of the brakes system for any operational condition. In this work an electronic spread sheet was developed in order to study the braking performance of a bi-trem. The spread sheet calcs the adhesion in each axle, the maximum deceleration, the braking space and the braking time, the braking force (and its percentage) in each axle, the final temperature of the drum, the brake system\'s efficiency, the normal forces, the actual and ideal brake force distribution, and verifies if the tractor and the semi trailers are fitted in the annex 10 of EGE-R13. The reckoning can be made for a vehicle equipped or not with ABS and with the load sensing valve in the semi trailers and in the tandem axle of the tractor. The spread sheet was applied in a example vehicle and the results are presented in this dissertation. The brakes system of this vehicle was optimized with the use of the spread sheet, showing as it can be of great assists the designer.

La réduction des besoins dans les bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie (BBC) nécessite un réexamen de l'approche de modélisation des systèmes énergétiques dans les outils de simulation. L'approche proposée repose sur une modélisation plus fine des phénomènes physiques incluant la régulation en boucle fermée du système énergétique couplé au bâtiment. A partir de l'identification des phénomènes propres au comportement énergétique des BBC, des recommandations, ou règles de modélisation, sont établies pour le développement des modèles de leurs systèmes énergétiques. Ces recommandations sont mises en application dans deux études. Tout d'abord, une simulation dynamique d'un bâtiment et de son système conduit à un dimensionnement plus adapté comparé aux méthodes classiques dans le cas de BBC avec des répercussions sur les appels de puissance et la consommation d'énergie. Ensuite, une analyse de sensibilité par la méthode de Morris sur une représentation générique du système énergétique a permis d'identifier les paramètres nécessitant d'être connus avec précision. La différence entre l'approche développée et la simulation horaire avec régulation idéale n'est que de quelques pourcents en besoins énergétiques pour un bâtiment existant mais elle passe à plus de 20% dans un bâtiment BBC. Un écart du même ordre de grandeur peut être identifié pour la détermination de la performance énergétique globale du système par une prise en compte plus détaillée des phénomènes de cyclage, de charge partielle ou de consommation des auxiliaires. / The decrease of heat demands in low energy buildings requires to examine again modeling approaches in building energy simulation tools. The developed approach is based on a more accurate modeling of physical phenomena including the closed loop control between the HVAC system and the building. From the identification of the phenomena that specifically impact the energy behavior of the low energy buildings, some recommendation, or modeling rule, are established for the development of their HVAC systems. Those recommendations are applied in two case studies. Firstly, a dynamic simulation of a building and its system offers a better evaluation of the design power for a low energy building, affecting power demands and energy consumption. Then, a sensitivity analysis from Morris method on a generic representation of the HVAC system identifies the parameters to be accurately known. The difference between the developed approach and an hourly simulation with an ideal control is low for the evaluation of the heat load in an existing building but it is more than 20% in a low energy buildings. A difference of the same order of magnitude can be identified in the determination of the overall energy performance of the system by a more detailed consideration of the phenomena of cycling, the part load or the consumption of auxiliaries.

L'étude précise des transitions β de Fermi super-permises 0+ → 0+ offre un outil précieux pour explorer les propriétés de l'interaction faible dans le cadre du Modèle Standard (SM). Collectivement, les forces (ft) mesurées pour ces transitions permettent de vérifier l'hypothèse CVC et contribuent au test le plus rigoureux de l'unitarité de la première ligne de la matrice de mélange des quarks CKM en fournissant l'évaluation la plus précise de l'élément dominant (Vud). Jusqu'à récemment, un apparent défaut d'unitarité a semé le doute sur la validité du SM minimal et a mobilisé un effort considérable afin d'élargir le champ d'étude à d'autres émetteurs de Fermi. Le 62Ga et 38Ca sont parmi des noyaux clés pour mener ces tests de précision au travers de la vérification de la fiabilité des corrections imposées aux valeurs ft expérimentales. La décroissance β de 62Ga a été étudiée auprès du séparateur IGISOL à Jyväskylä, avec un dispositif composé de 3 Clovers EUROBALL pour la détection du rayonnement γ. La mise en évidence de raies γ de très faible intensité (<1‰), au travers de corrélations β-γ et β-γ-γ, a permis de reconstruire partiellement le schéma de niveaux excités dans le 62Zn. Le rapport d'embranchement analogue déduit (B.R.A = 99.893(24) %) est utilisé pour extraire la valeur Ft(62Ga) universelle. Celle-ci s'avère en bon accord avec les 12 valeurs précises connues de la littérature. La compatibilité constatée entre la limite supérieure dressée ici sur le terme (δ1IM) et la prédiction théorique confirme l'importance des corrections de brisure de symétrie d'isospin dans les émetteurs β (A ≥ 62). L'étude de la décroissance de 38Ca a été réalisée auprès de l'installation ISOLDE du CERN. L'utilisation de la fluoration des fragments de réaction, pour isoler chimiquement les isotopes d'intérêt, alliée au piégeage d'ions assisté par REXTRAP et l'analyse TOF, ont permis de s'affranchir totalement du contaminant contraignant 38mK. Pour la première fois, la durée de vie de 38Ca est mesurée avec un échantillon de haute pureté. Le résultat préliminaire établi T1/2(38Ca) = 445.8(10) ms améliore la précision par rapport à l'ancienne valeur d'un facteur proche de 10.

L’étude de la décroissance β est un outil fantastique pour approfondir notreconnaissance de l’interaction faible décrite par le Modèle Standard. Ce modèle et laphysique au-delà peuvent être testés par des mesures précises de paramètres caractérisantces décroissances. Parmi ces tests, la vérification de l’hypothèse de la conservation ducourant vectoriel (CVC) et de l’unitarité de la matrice de mélange des quarks de Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) sont d’un grand intérêt. Pour cela, les paramètres caractérisantles transitions β doivent être déterminés très précisément. Les meilleures précisions ont étéobtenues pour les transitions super-permises de Fermi de type 0+ → 0+. Cependant, il existed’autres types de décroissances pour réaliser ces tests, par exemple, les décroissances βmiroir. À ce jour, elles ne permettent pas d’atteindre les précisions obtenues avec lestransitions de type 0+ → 0+. Pour améliorer cela, de nouvelles mesures très précises desparamètres expérimentaux caractérisant ces transitions, comme la demi-vie et le rapportd’embranchement, sont nécessaires. C’est pourquoi une expérience a été réalisée àl’université de Jyväskylä en Finlande, afin d’étudier la décroissance β des noyaux miroir 23Mget 27Si et de mesurer ces paramètres. Les valeurs des demi-vies obtenues pour ces deuxnoyaux sont respectivement dix fois et sept fois plus précises que les moyennes de lalittérature. La valeur obtenue pour le rapport d’embranchement de 23Mg est trois fois plusprécise que la moyenne de la littérature, celui de 27Si étant déjà connu avec une très grandeprécision (0,02%), n’a pas été déterminé avec une meilleure précision. / Beta decays are a fantastic tool to study the weak interaction described by theStandard Model. This model and the physics beyond can be tested by precisemeasurements of nuclear β decays. Among these tests, the conserved vector current (CVC)hypothesis and the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing matrixare of great interest. For these, the parameters of β transitions must be precisely determined.The highest precisions have been obtained with superallowed 0+ → 0+ Fermi β decays.However, there are other possibilities to make these tests, for example mirror β decays. Fornow, they do not allow to achieve the precision of the 0+ → 0+ transitions. To improve this,new accurate measurements of experimental parameters characterizing these transitions,such as the half-life and the branching ratio, are needed. For this purpose, an experimenthas been carried out at the University of Jyväskylä to study the mirror β decays of 23Mg and27Si and to measure these parameters. The half-life values obtained for these two nuclei are,respectively, ten times and seven times more precise than the literature averages. The valueof the branching ratio obtained for 23Mg is three times more precise than the literatureaverage; the one of 27Si has not been improved as it is already precisely known (0.02%).

La conservation du courant faible vectoriel, connue par CVC est une des hypothèses fondamentales du Modèle Standard de l'interaction électrofaible. En revanche, la base théorique de cette hypothèse est seulement l'analogie avec la théorie de l'interaction électromagnétique et la question de sa validité reste posée. La CVC est vérifiable dans les transitions super-permises, 0+ → 0+, T = 1 car elle prédit que le grandeur Ft (≡ ft corrigée) de ces processus à basse énergie doit être indépendant des noyaux mis en jeu. Si la valeur unique de Ft est trouvée, on peut toute de suite déduire la constante du couplage vectorielle GV , reliée à │Vud│, la norme de l'élément le plus important de la matrice du mélange des quarks de Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM). Cet élément de matrice joue un rôle crucial dans le test de l'unitarité de la matrice CKM, une autre hypothèse de base du Modèle Standard. Actuellement, 14 transitions super-permises allant du 10C jusqu'au 74Rb sont expérimentalement connues avec une précision meilleure que 0:1%, Cela fait en sorte que l'accès à la constante de couplage est limité par les corrections théoriques, dues aux effets radiatifs et à la brisure de la symétrie d'isospin. Le principal propos de cette thèse est de ré-examiner la correction due au défaut du recouvrement entre les fonctions d'onde radiales de neutrons et celles de protons (ᵟRO) dans le cadre du modèle en couches. Nos calculs sont basés sur l'expansion des éléments de matrice de Fermi sur les états du noyau intermédiaire, développée précédemment par Towner et Hardy [1]. Cette méthode combine les fonctions d'onde radiales réalistes avec les données spectroscopiques obtenues par un calcul à large échelle, permettant ainsi d'aller au-delà des approches traditionnelles. Nous avons considéré 13 transitions super-permises, y comprises : 22Mg, 26Al, 26Si, 30S, 34Cl, 34Ar, 38K, 38Ca, 46V, 50Mn, 54Co, 62Ga et 66As. Les fonctions d'onde radiales sont déterminées avec un potentiel moyen réaliste, tel que le potentiel phénoménologique de Woods-Saxon (WS) ou le potentiel auto-cohérent de Hartree-Fock (HF) dérivé à partir d'une force effective de Skyrme. Les calculs ont été faits avec des différentes paramétrisations (2 paramétrisations WS et 3 forces de Skyrme) qui nous ont semblés être les meilleures et les plus appropriées à nos besoins. Dans un premier temps, des calculs par une méthode simple, sans prise en compte des états intermédiaires ont été réalisés. Avec le potentiel WS, les valeurs de ᵟRO obtenues sont fortement dépendantes de paramétrisation. Afin de clarifier cet effet, nous avons étudié en détail la sensibilité aux paramètres du potentiel avec une attention toute particulière apportée au terme isovectoriel et au terme coulombien. Cela a permis de mettre en évidence qu'une telle dépendance est entièrement dominée par le comportement isovectoriel du potentiel. Finalement, cette propriété inattendue a été bien maîtrisée par la procédure d'ajustement proposée. (...) / The conservation of the weak vector current, known as CVC is one of the fundamentalhypothesis of the Standard Model of the electroweak interaction. Nevertheless,the physics background of this hypothesis is nothing more than an analogyto the electromagnetic interaction's theory and the question of its validity remainsopen. The CVC is veri_able in the superallowed Fermi β-decays, 0+ → 0+, T = 1since it predicts that the Ft (≡ corrected ft) value of such low-energy processesmust be nucleus independent. Once the unique Ft value is found, one can immediatelydeduce the vector coupling constant GV , linked to │Vud, the norm of themost important element of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixingmatrix. This matrix element plays a crucial role in the test of the unitarity of theCKM matrix, another fundamental hypothesis of the Standard Model.Currently, 14 superallowed transitions ranging from 10C to 74Rb are known experimentally with the precision 0.1% or better. This results in a fact that this studyis now limited by the theoretical corrections, due to the radiative and the isospin symmetry-breaking effects. The aim of this thesis is to re-examine the correction due to mismatch between proton and neutron radial wave functions (ᵟRO) within the framework of shell model. We adopted the method recently developed by Towner and Hardy [1]. This method combines realistic radial wave functions with spectroscopic informations obtained from a large-scale shell-model calculation, thus allowing us to go beyond traditional shell-model approaches. In this work, we considered 13 superallowed transitions, including : 22Mg, 26Al, 26Si, 30S, 34Cl, 34Ar, 38K, 38Ca, 46V, 50Mn, 54Co, 62Ga et 66As. The radial wave functions were determined with a realistic single-particle potential, such as the phenomenological Woods-Saxon (WS) potential or the self-consistent Hartree-Fock (HF) mean field derived from an effective Skyrme force. We selected various parametrizations (2 parametrizations for WS and 3 Skyrme forces for HF) that seem to us to be appropriate for our purposes. First, we performed the calculations with a simple method, without taking into account the intermediate states. The result indicates that ᵟRO obtained from WS potential is strongly parametrization dependent. In order to clarify this effect, we studied profoundly the sensitivity to potential parameters, paying particular attention to the isovector and the Coulomb terms.This study provided evidence that such a dependence is entirely dominated by the isovector part of the potential. However, using our proposed adjustment procedure, this problem appears to be well under control. We also examined the surface terms adopted in the work of Towner and Hardy [1], the result showed that one of these terms (the term Vh(r)) is not compatible with our adjustment procedure. (...)

Les cathéters veineux centraux sont utilisés pour des traitements dont la chimiothérapie, l’hydratation, l’antibiothérapie et la nutrition parentérale chez les patients ayant un cancer. Cependant, ces cathéters sont responsables de graves complications dont les infections. Elles peuvent entraîner la suspension ou l’arrêt des traitements et peuvent engager le pronostic vital des patients. Le taux d’incidence et les facteurs de risque des infections liées aux cathéters veineux centraux (ILCVC) en oncologie restent mal connus. Une étude prospective menée pendant 5 ans à l’hôpital Edouard Herriot et à l’hôpital de la Croix Rousse nous a permis de décrire les ILCVC chez 425 patients ayant un cancer digestif. Nous avons d’abord estimé le taux d’incidence des ILCVC selon la localisation du cancer primitif. Ensuite, nous avons analysé les facteurs de risque. Pour mieux estimer l’impact de la nutrition parentérale sur le risque d’ILCVC, nous avons utilisé le score de propension pour imiter certaines caractéristiques d’un essai randomisé. Enfin, nous avons analysé la mortalité dans les 30 jours qui ont suivi l’ILCVC. Les résultats ont montré que le taux d’incidence des ILCVC était plus élevé chez les patients ayant un cancer pancréas ou un cancer de l’œsophage que ceux qui ont un cancer colorectal. Les facteurs de risque indépendamment associés à une ILCVC étaient le performance status, les journées d’utilisation du cathéter, le cancer du pancréas et la nutrition parentérale. Le risque d’ILCVC était supérieur à 5 chez les patients qui recevaient de la nutrition parentérale associée à la chimiothérapie intraveineuse. Le diabète était un facteur de risque indépendamment associé à la mortalité dans les 30 jours qui suivent la survenue l’ILCVC. / Central venous catheters are commonly used in cancer patients for administration of chemotherapy, hydration, parenteral nutrition and antibiotic. However, their use is associated with complications such as infections. An often serious complication is bloodstream infections. This can cause a suspending of cancer treatment. Central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections also contribute to increased mortality in theses patients. The incidence rates and CVC-RBSI risk factors are not well known in patients with cancer. Then in a prospective study conducted during 5 years, we have analysed data from 425 patients with digestive cancer. Study took place at Edouard Herriot Hospital and Croix Rousse Hospital in Lyon. First, we estimated rate of CVC-RBSI according to the location of primary cancer. To the best estimation of parenteral nutrition effect on the risk of CVC-RBSI, we performed the propensity score analysis, which can mimic some characteristics of randomized trial. Finally, we analyzed the 30-day mortality after CVC-BSI. The results showed that the infection rate was higher in pancreatic and oesophageal cancer patients, compared with colorectal cancer patients. The risk factors independently associated with CVC-RBSI were pancreatic cancer, performance status, cumulative catheter utilization-days and parenteral nutrition. The risk of CVC-RBSI was at least 5 times greater in patients with parenteral nutrition. Attributable mortality rate within 1 month of CVC-RBSI was 16.6%. Diabetes mellitus was independently associated with death.

Darbo tikslas. Ištirti slaugytojo vaidmenį prižiūrint centrinių venos kateterius reanimacijos ir intensyvios terapijos skyriuje. Darbo uždaviniai. Nustatyti centrinės venos kateterizacijos įtaką pagrindiniams pacientų gyvybinių funkcijų rodikliams. Ištirti, kokios dažniausiai pasitaiko centrinių venų komplikacijos ir jų priežastis. Išsiaiškinti slaugytojo veiksmus, padedančius sumažinti komplikacijų atsiradimo riziką. Ištirti reanimacijos ir intensyvios terapijos slaugytojų centrinių venų kateterių priežiūros žinias . Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Teorinė mokslinės literatūros, leidinių, publikacijų apžvalga. Dokumentų analizės metodas (panaudotas pacientų su centrinių venų kateteriais tyrimui). Asmeninio stebėjimo metodas. Atliktas 97 pacientų po centrinių venų kateterizacijų, pagrindinių gyvybinių funkcijų stebėjimas reanimacijos ir intensyvios terapijos skyriuje. Reanimacijos ir intensyvios terapijos slaugytojų anketinė apklausa žinioms ištirti, dirbant su centrinių venų kateteriais. Gautų rezultatų aptarimas ir jų analizė. Statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant „Microsoft Office Excel 2003“ ir SPSS 16,0 for Windows versijos statistinę programą Tyrimo rezultatai ir išvados. Tam, kad būtų išsiaiškintas slaugytojos vaidmuo prižiūrint centrinius venos kateterius buvo atliktas stebėjimo tyrimas pacientų po centrinių venos kateterizacijų. Tyrimo metu Vilniaus Universiteto ligoninėje Santariškių klinikos I reanimacijos ir intensyvios terapijos skyriuje nustatyta, kad centrinių venos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The goal of the study: to determine the role of a nurse in the maintenance of the central venous catheter (CVC) in the resuscitation and intensive care department. The objectives: to determine the influence of the central venous catheterization to the indexes of the main vital functions of the patients. To specify the most frequent venous complications and the reasons why they occur. To find out what nurses’ actions can reduce the risk of complications. To examine the professional knowledge of the nurses who work with central venous catheters in the resuscitation and intensive care departments. Research material and methods. Theoretical review of scientific literature, publications and articles. Document analysis method (utilized for the reasearch of patient’s with central venous catheters). Personal observation method. Observation of the main vital functions of 97 patients after central venous catheterization in the resuscitation and intensive care department. The questionnaire-based survey in order to examine the professional knowledge of the nurses who work with central venous catheters in the resuscitation and intensive care department. Discussion and analysis of the obtained results. Analysis of the statistical data using the Microsoft Office Excel 2003 and SPSS 16,0 for Windows software packages. The results and conclusions of the study. In order to determine the role of a nurse for the maintenance of central venous catheter, the observation research was conducted with... [to full text]

3D LiDAR people detection and tracking applications rely on extracting individual people from the point cloud for reliable tracking. A recurring problem for these applications is under-segmentation caused by people standing close or interacting with each other, which in turn causes the system to lose tracking. To address this challenge, we propose Kernel Density Estimation Clustering with Grid (KDEG) based on Kernel Density Estimation Clustering. KDEG leverages a grid to save density estimates computed in parallel, finding cluster centers by selecting local density maxima in the grid. KDEG reaches a remarkable accuracy of 98.4%, compared to HDBSCAN and Scan Line Run (SLR) with 80.1% and 62.0% accuracy respectively. Furthermore, KDEG is measured to be highly efficient, with a running time similar to state-of-the-art methods SLR and Curved Voxel Clustering. To show the potential of KDEG, an experiment with a real tracking application on two people walking shoulder to shoulder was performed. This experiment saw a significant increase in the number of accurately tracked frames from 5% to 78% by utilizing KDEG, displaying great potential for real-world applications.  In parallel, we also explored HDBSCAN as an alternative to DBSCAN. We propose a number of modifications to HDBSCAN, including the projection of points to the groundplane, for improved clustering on human groups. HDBSCAN with the proposed modifications demonstrates a commendable accuracy of 80.1%, surpassing DBSCAN while maintaining a similar running time. Running time is however found to be lacking for both HDBSCAN and DBSCAN compared to more efficient methods like KDEG and SLR. / <p>Arbetet är gjort på plats i Tokyo på Chuo Universitet utan samverkan från Umeå Universitet såsom utbytesprogram eller liknande.</p><p>Arbetet är delvis finansierat av Scandinavia-Japan Sasakawa Foundation.</p><p>Arbetet gick inte under vanlig termin, utan började 2023/05/01 och slutade 2023/08</p>