A trend toward non-institutionalization of the elderly, in conjunction with the increasing size of the elderly population has resulted in the development of a variety of community programs and services to help meet their complex and diverse health care needs in the community setting. Although there is substantial documentation pertaining to the needs of the elderly in the community and the available services (Lifton, 1989; Padula, 1983; Starrett, 1986; Wallace, 1987), this documentation has been generated primarily by health care professionals and agencies, rather than from the perspectives of the elderly themselves. Adult Day Care [ADC] programs were established in the late 1960s as one means of attempting to meet the needs of the frail elderly in the community (Padula, 1983). On the surface, these programs appear to be effective in meeting the needs of clients through the provision of nursing services and a wide variety of therapeutic programs and social activities. This exploratory descriptive study was based on the premise that there exists a need to gain insight into the clients' perspectives regarding the ways in which ADC services are instrumental in meeting their perceived needs. Data were collected and analyzed to identify the self-perceived needs of ADC clients and their perceptions of how the ADC nursing services were instrumental in assisting them to meet these needs. Two interviews were conducted with each of the 11 ADC participants comprising the sample, using a semi-structured interview guide developed by the researcher. The two needs most commonly identified by participants included the need to cope with a range of concurrent and/or successive losses, and the need to establish new support systems. Participants identified the most significant components of the nursing role as those of the provision of emotional support through counselling, and the provision of health monitoring services. Participants viewed the overall ADC program as important in assisting them to meet their needs by providing access to social outings, individualized care, emotional support, and the opportunity to enhance their self-esteem, confidence, and feelings of belongingness. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Nursing, School of / Graduate

This study draws on the theory and methodology of many fields to propose an alternative way of conceptualizing and conducting inquiry into the issues of daycare center design. The application of this approach is then illustrated using the collected data to design an actual childcare facility. Qualitative interviews were conducted with directors and selected staff members of two different childcare centers, as well as with the parents of children currently attending each center. Analysis of the data collected reveals that there are many factors which shape and affect daycare center design options, including site size, finances, geographic location, number of children to be cared for and staff size. The objective of this study was to design a prototypical proprietary daycare center in Christiansburg, Virginia for a client whose requirements were for a single building to accommodate three groups of users: 1. approximately 122 children from the ages of 6 weeks to 12 years, 2. the adults needed to staff the center, and 3. The parents of the children attending the center. Design features that were found to be advantageous to the development of a daycare center in the course of field study (i.e., full height walls for sound control, ample storage, easily reconfigured furnishings, natural interior lighting, staff break room) were incorporated into the proposed structure. This research contributes to a more complete understanding of daycare center design problems which affect the adults who interact with the center, as well as the children who attend the center. / Master of Science

Frailty poses a complex challenge for some people through their experience of ageing. In Wales, devolution requires organisations to use a whole systems approach with a model of partnership to deliver public services. An integrated care approach is offered to meet the service user focus or ‗value demand‘ which impacts on clinical, professional, organisational and policy levels within the system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore whether there was a difference between integrated health and social care day services and non- integrated health and social care day services. In doing so, answering the questions, how were these services different, what were the differences as perceived by the participants, why were they different, what could be learned from this study and how could health and social care services integrate in practice? The study utilized Gadamer‘s interpretative hermeneutics with a single intrinsic case study design. Using this approach ensured that the unique voice of the individual lived experience was heard and interpreted within the whole system of the study. The participants were service users, carers and staff in a day hospital, an outpatient clinic, day centre, reablement team and a joint day care facility. The methods included a survey questionnaire (SF12v2 and London Handicap Scale), in-depth interviews, observations; and historical and service documents; and reflective diary. Data collection occurred January 2005 to December 2006. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed separately. The qualitative data was analysed using Gadamer‘s five stage approach developed by Fleming et al (2003) and Nvivo 7.0. The embedded quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 13.0. Triangulation was achieved through the use of a meta matrix which merged the qualitative and quantitative data. The difference between integrated and non integrated services is expressed through the four themes, ‗the study participants‘, ‗commissioning and decommissioning integrated services‘, ‗the journey within day services‘, ‗navigating services and orchestrating care‘. The four themes were developed through a strategy used for interpreting the findings, which was to follow the study questions, propositions and ‗emic‘ questions. The differences between the integrated and non integrated services were in the meaning of their purpose, culture, level of integration, team orientation of practice and the model of service user/carer relationship observed within the services. The thesis identified challenges in respect of integrated working such as concept confusion, negative experiences of care for frail or older people, a vertical gap in knowledge transfer between strategic organisation, the operational services and service users. Mapping each service level of integration and team orientation to the model of service user and carer relationship, found that the level of team orientation and integration does not appear to be proportionate to the service user and carer relationship. The thesis concludes that in order to attempt to answer the question as to whether these day services can integrate in the practice, all levels of the system should focus on the service user/carer relationship. We need to understand service user diagnosis, how its characteristics and effect are interpreted by the service user, carer, professional and wider society in relation to independence and autonomy. It argues that knowledge emerges at this micro level (service user and carer relationship) and how we engage with this relationship and manage the knowledge we gain from it (both vertically and horizontally), will lead us to understand how we can ensure that integration occurs and that services in the future are person focussed.

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

Šiais laikais vis daugiau kuriasi vaikų dienos centrų, kurie siekia ugdyti vaiką visapusiškai. Skatinti ir padidinti fizinį aktyvumą bei ugdyti sveikos mitybos įpročius galima ir juose. Judėjimo bei mitybos įpročiai formuojasi jau vaikystėje tačiau kiekvienais metais jie turi būti tinkamai pastiprinami. Jaunuoliai, kurie užsiima sportine veikla turi mažiau laiko įsitraukti į nusikalstamas grupuotes taip pat jie ugdo ir savo socialinius įgūdžius. Suderinus sveiką mitybą bei fizinį aktyvumą saugoma sveikata. Tyrimo objektas: Fizinio aktyvumo ir sveikos mitybos ugdymas vaikų dienos centre. Tyrimo tikslas – Nustatyti bei įvertinti ar Kauno miesto vaikų dienos centruose ugdomas fizinis aktyvumas bei sveikos mitybos įpročiai. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Aprašyti vaikų dienos centrų infrastruktūros ir žmogiškųjų išteklių galimybes fizinės veiklos plėtrai. 2. Ištirti bei įvertinti vaikų dienos centruose vykdomos fizinė veiklos ypatumus. 3. Ištirti bei įvertinti sveikos mitybos įpročių ugdymo ypatumus vaikų dienos centruose. Atlikus tyrimą paaiškėjo, kad vaikų dienos centrų patalpos nėra pritaikytos fizinės veiklos vystymui. Dažniausiai tai būna klasės dydžio patalpa, kuri apstatyta stalais, kėdėm ir kt. Taip pat pastebėta, kad centruose trūksta inventoriaus, kuris padėtų ar skatintų vaikus užsiimti fiziškai aktyvia veikla. Paaiškėjo, kad fizinė veikla vykdoma, tačiau retai. Savanorių pagrindinė veikla – pagalba vaikams ruošiant pamokas. Vaikai noriai dalyvauja sporto renginiuose... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Presently, more child day care centers are being established, which aims to develop a child. Encourage and increase physical activity as well as develop a healthy diet habits. Movement and eating habits are being formed in childhood but every year they must be fortified correctly. Children must understand the benefits of physical activity and healthy diet. Young people who engage in sports activities have less time to engage in criminal groups, they also develop their social skills. Health is preserved by matching healthy diet and physical activity. The object of the research : Physical activity and healthy eating habits education in child day care centers. The purpose of the research : To identify and evaluate whether Kaunas city child day care centers fostered physical activity and healthy eating habits. Tasks to study : 1. Describe the day care center’s infrastructure and human resource capabilities for development of physical activity. 2. Investigate and asses the characteristics of physical activity at child day care centers. 3. Investigate and asses the peculiarities of educating children the habits of healthy eating iat child day care centers. The investigation revealed that the child day care centers are not suitable for physical activity development. Often it is the class room, which built a table, chairs and so on. It was also noted that a lack of inventory centers, which assist or encourage children to engage in physically active. It turns out that physical... [to full text]

The purpose of this study has been to examine if the participation within a social psychiatric day care is to be helpful for the participants. The aim was to find out if the day care has been helpful, what kind of support has been helpful and what have the participants been helped with. This has been researched from the participators view by conducting qualitative interviews. The data was analyzed by using thematic analysis. Antonovsky’s theory, Sense of Coherence was used as theoretical instrument to understand the collection of data. The main findings of this study indicate that occupations aimed for social purpose is important for the participators. In the study social support and the social interaction between staff and other participators appears to be the most important findings. Another important finding was the lack of research within the field of studies regarding social occupations such as day care.

Orientador: Fabiana Cristina Frigieri de Vitta / Banca: Carla Cilene Baptista da Silva / Banca: Silvia Regina Ricco Lugato Sigolo / Resumo: O playground contém equipamentos que favorecem a aprendizagem da criança. É um dispositivo comumente presente nas creches e que pode ser apropriados pelos professores para auxiliar as crianças em seu desenvolvimento integral. O presente estudo objetivou verificar a percepção dos estudantes de Pedagogia de uma Universidade Pública do Estado de São Paulo sobre o papel das atividades com equipamentos do playground nas instituições de Educação Infantil e sua relação com a estimulação do desenvolvimento integral da criança de zero a 18 meses de idade. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário eletrônico inserido na plataforma Google Drive e enviado por e-mail aos participantes, tratando dos temas: formação acadêmica; o papel dos equipamentos do playground e sua relação com a estimulação do desenvolvimento da criança de zero a 1a6m; e os conhecimentos necessários para a atuação junto a essa faixa etária utilizando o dispositivo playground. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Participaram 125 graduandos de Pedagogia dos seis campi da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP. A tabulação dos resultados obtidos pelo questionário foi realizada por meio do processamento de dados em planilha Microsoft Office Excel. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio de estatística descritiva para as questões fechadas e análise de conteúdo para as abertas. Os resultados mostram o pouco conhecimento dos estudantes sobre o uso dos equipamentos do playground no berçário. Os graduandos a... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The playground is composed by resources that favor the child's learning. It is a usual device in nurseries and day care centers that can be used by teacher to help children in their full development. The present study aimed to investigate how Pedagogy undergrad students from a public university of the State of São Paulo perceive the role of playground equipment activities in early childhood education institutions and its relationship with the full development stimulation of the child from zero to 18 months of age. For this, an electronic questionnaire inserted in the Google Drive platform was e-mailed to the participants, about the themes: academic formation; the role of playground equipment as well as its relation to the stimulation of child development from 0 to 1y6m; and the required knowledge to work with this age group using the playground device. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. 125 students from the six campuses of São Paulo State University - UNESP took part in the research. The tabulation of the results obtained by the questionnaire was done through data processing in Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheets. Data treatment was performed by descriptive statistics to multiple choice questions and content analyses to openended questions. The results show the little knowledge of the students about the use of playground equipment at the nursery. The graduate students have stated there is a relation of playground equipment to learning, citing sandbox... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Thesis advisor: Betty Blythe / This dissertation is a secondary analysis of a preexisting dataset, the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN), Assessments 0-4 produced by the National Data Archive on Child Abuse and Neglect (NDACAN) located in the Family Development Center at Cornell University (2001). This is a large scale dataset employing five sites across the United States. Three sites are used: the Northwest, South and Southwest as they contain the largest numbers exhibiting the behavior of interest, hurting animals by children. These sites have sample sizes of 261, 221 and 327 children, respectively. The samples were chosen for varying levels of risk for child abuse and neglect; data collection began in 1991 and is ongoing. The children were born between 1989 and 1996. The number of children who hurt animals at each site was as follows: 16 (South Site), 25 (Northwest Site) and 36 (Southwest Site). Hypotheses were that more males than females would hurt animals; females who hurt animals would show more internalizing problems than males who hurt animals; males who hurt animals would show more externalizing problems than females who hurt animals and children who hurt animals would experience higher rates of physical abuse than children who have not hurt animals. An additional hypothesis was that hurting animals would correlate with aggressive and delinquent behaviors and attention problems as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL, Achenbach, 1991). Only one hypothesis was fully supported: aggression, delinquent behavior and attention problems all correlate with higher rates of these behaviors exhibited by children who hurt animals. Aggression, in particular, was associated with the behavior of hurting animals. Physical abuse was not correlated with hurting animals and only one site (the Southwest) showed a statistically significant difference between males and females for this behavior with males more likely to do so. Other findings of interest show correlations between hurting animals and aspects of parenting, day care utilization and foster care placement at at least one site. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work. / Discipline: Social Work.

Este trabalho descreve os mecanismos de oferta e consumo das refeições em duas creches no município de São Paulo, uma com o sistema de distribuição tipo self-service e outra tipo prato pronto. Foram verificadas as adequações e eventuais carências energéticas das dietas de 82 crianças de 3 e 4 anos, do módulo maternal, por meio da alimentação oferecida nas creches e no domicílio. O estudo apontou 48% das crianças com dietas deficientes ou em risco de deficiência, e 52% com dietas normais, somadas àquelas com risco de excesso e em excesso. / This study describes the mechanisms of supply and consumption of meals in two public day care centers in São Paulo City, one with self-select distribution system and the other with ready made dish system. Diet energy adequacy and shortage were measured through the intakes of a whole day of 82 preschool children between 3 and 4 years old, considering the meals offered at the day care center and at home. In terms of energy, this study showed 48% of the children with deficient or at risk of deficiency diets, and 52% with normal together with those at risk of excess diets.