Bakgrund: Sammanfattar barnets och familjens situation när barnet är svårt sjukt, olika per­spektiv på döden och döendet, palliativ vård samt sjuksköterskans roll i denna kontext.   Syfte: Att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor upplever olika svårigheter i arbetet med svårt sjuka och döende barn och deras familjer samt hur dessa upplevelser bearbetas. Metod: Systematisk litteraturöversikt av elva vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: De teman som framkom under dataanalysen var Komplexiteten i sjuksköterskans arbete och Copingstrategier. Resultatet visar att sjukskö­terskor på­verkas som privatpersoner av sina patientrelationer särskilt om/när patienten avlider. Sorg är en av de mest före­kom­mande känslorna och att ventilera sina känslor kan hjälpa sjuksköterskan att hantera situatio­nen och gå vidare. Det framkommer även att sjuksköterskor förutom att hantera tunga känslor även måste utstå etiska konflikter, tidskrävande dokumentation och stress i form av personal­brist.   Slutsats: Slutsatsen som kan dras utifrån studien är att sjuksköterskor har svårt att vårda barn utifrån den palliativa vårdens perspektiv på grund av att dokumentation och övriga arbetsupp­gifter tar för mycket tid från omvårdnaden av barnet och familjen. Andra orsaker är tidsbrist i form av knappa resurser samt för stor tillämpning av medicinteknisk utrustning. Det krävs även mer kunskap och stöd för sjuksköterskor för att kunna bearbeta sorgeprocessen och andra känslomässiga påfrestningar som uppstår i deras arbetssituation.

The nursing discipline lacks a consensus on a best practice method for debriefing students following simulation-based training. A recognized, standardized method does not exist and various methods are utilized within the domain. The similarities between aviation and healthcare are well documented. Training members of both disciplines require standardization and methods of best practice. The aviation industry through the Federal Aviation Administration has found Learner Centered Grading (LCG) to be a successful educational format. The utilization of the LCG Debriefing method in simulation-based training is the standardized debriefing format for a technologically dynamic industry. The aim of this research was to examine the LCG debriefing approach and determine the added value of the approach using a scenario-specific behavioral checklist as an instrument for the nursing faculty and the learner to assess the learner’s performance. A repeated measures was conducted to evaluate whether there were differences between the control and treatment groups across the pre and post-test. The test statistic demonstrated no statistical significance between the control and treatment groups. Results of Pearson’s correlations showed that self-efficacy was not significantly correlated with change in performance by debriefing method. A number of factors contribute to this finding, one of which is the small sample size. The small sample size led to insufficient power to detect an effect if one did exist. Other factors included time allotted for data gathering, simulation space availability and participants’ prior exposure to the control debriefing method. This study served as a pilot for future research. Implications for the next study include extending the time allotted for gathering data to allow for a larger sample size, utilizing the Certified Healthcare Simulation Educator (CHSE) designees to function as facilitators as well as evaluators and to design the study to evaluate performance immediately after the debriefing session and once again at a different interval of time. A second simulation session conducted one week after the initial participation would be beneficial to evaluate if knowledge acquisition occurred.

<p><font face="Times New Roman"> <p align="left">Limitations of the study include the issue of counsellor variables and the fact that the participants varied between receiving a debriefing on a group or individual basis. The experience of the trauma debriefings were explored but more specific information relating to debriefing could have been elicited. Therefore, these findings cannot be generalised and further research could<font face="Times New Roman"> explore the utility and efficacy of trauma debriefing.</font></p> </font></p>

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of five track athletes (three men and two women, aged 18-33 yrs) during a season-long PST-Biofeedback training program designed to help them learn how to self-regulate physiologically, psychologically, and emotionally. Three key psychological skills were emphasized: focus (Janelle, 2002; Nideffer & Sagal, 2006), arousal control through biofeedback training (e.g., Bar-Eli, Dreshman, Blumenstein, & Weinstein, 2002), and debriefing (Hogg, 2002; McArdle, Martin, Lennon, & Moore, 2010). The program, which consisted of one-on-one initial and final semi-structured interviews with PST-biofeedback sessions in between, was individualized to meet each athlete’s needs and progress during the study. Results indicated that the athletes found the program helpful; they perceived an improvement in their ability to focus, debrief, and control arousal in the lab; and, to varying degrees, they transferred those skills into training and competition. The athletes also perceived an improvement in their sport performances.

Bakgrund: När en patient diagnostiseras som hjärndöd och hålls vid liv via mekanisk väg ges upphov till frågan om organdonation. Om ett registrerat samtycke i donationsregistret finns kan donation bli aktuell. Vid ett uteblivet ställningstagande måste anhöriga istället fatta beslutet. Detta kan innebära en svår och komplex uppgift då sorg och emotionellt kaos påverkar beslutsfattningsförmågan. För att öka förståelsen om bemötandet av anhöriga vid en eventuell organdonation behövs vidare kunskap om sjuksköterskors erfarenheter vid denna process. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att bemöta patienters anhöriga vid en eventuell organdonation. Metod: Denna studie är en litteraturöversikt baserad på nio vetenskapliga artiklar, kvalitativa eller kvantitativa. Dataanalys är utförd enligt Friberg (2017). Resultat: Presenteras i tre teman: Närvaro och empatiskt bemötande; Flexibilitet förhållningssätt som möter upp anhörigas behov samt Vikten av erfarenhet, kompetens och kunskap. Konklusion: Det krävs goda kunskaper i förhållningssättet och bemötandet mot anhöriga för att skapa så god vård och omvårdnad som möjligt. Närvaro och ett empatiskt förhållningssätt är främjande faktorer som påverkar mötet positivt mellan sjuksköterskor och anhöriga. Beroende på sjuksköterskans individuella inställningar kan anhörigas val påverkas. Via avlastningssamtal på arbetsplatsen kan stressreducering, utbyte av erfarenheter, kunskapsfördjupning samt psykiska förberedelse ske.

No description available.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of five track athletes (three men and two women, aged 18-33 yrs) during a season-long PST-Biofeedback training program designed to help them learn how to self-regulate physiologically, psychologically, and emotionally. Three key psychological skills were emphasized: focus (Janelle, 2002; Nideffer & Sagal, 2006), arousal control through biofeedback training (e.g., Bar-Eli, Dreshman, Blumenstein, & Weinstein, 2002), and debriefing (Hogg, 2002; McArdle, Martin, Lennon, & Moore, 2010). The program, which consisted of one-on-one initial and final semi-structured interviews with PST-biofeedback sessions in between, was individualized to meet each athlete’s needs and progress during the study. Results indicated that the athletes found the program helpful; they perceived an improvement in their ability to focus, debrief, and control arousal in the lab; and, to varying degrees, they transferred those skills into training and competition. The athletes also perceived an improvement in their sport performances.

Emergency department nurses are faced with traumatic patient events while functioning as members of multidisciplinary teams. Critical incident debriefing has been shown to benefit health care professionals and patient clinical outcomes. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between the use of formal post-resuscitation debriefings and perceptions of teamwork in emergency department nurses. The study also addressed the type and timing of debriefing to determine whether these factors impacted perceptions of teamwork. The nurse as wounded healer theory served as the theoretical framework. Data from the Nursing Teamwork Survey were collected from 68 emergency department nurses from across the United States. Data were analyzed using a statistical correlation coefficient. Results showed that when debriefings were done more frequently, were conducted using a formal debriefing method, and were held immediately after a situation, there was a positive correlation with higher levels of trust, team orientation, backup, shared mental model, and leadership. Findings may be used to increase utilization of debriefings and improve perceptions of teamwork among emergency department nurses, which may improve patient outcomes.