Since the democratic election in 1994 and the publishing of the SA Schools Act on the 16th of November 1996 the South African education system has undergone a fundamental transformation. Pupils are regarded as a specific interest group that stands in a partnership relationship with other interest groups (stakeholders) in the school. The principle of partnership advocated by the South African Schools Act invites pupils to partake in and share responsibility for the governance, organising and funding of public schools. To participate in school management pupils have to be part of participative structures. Two such structures for pupil participation and representation exist in South African schools, namely SRC's and the governing body of the school. The aim of this research is to develop a model for pupil participation in the management of schools and specific attention was given to participative management of pupils on the SRC and governing body of the school. In order to operationalize the above mentioned aim an analysis of the nature of participative management by pupils was done on the basis of theoretical approaches to participative management. Participative management by pupils can only be successful if the following participative management techniques namely pupil participation, pupil empowerment, influence. participative decision-making, delegation, democracy, decentralization, committees and meetings are interwoven with the participative management process. Pupil participation can also be successful if the advantages of such participation is realised by all school interest groups. The structure and functioning of pupil participation in the management activities of the school is reviewed firstly by giving attention to the practices of pupil participation in the education systems of a few international countries. This is done by analizing the structure of each education system, the statutory directives for pupil participation and the structures for pupil participation in these education systems. Secondly the managerial involvement of pupils in the management activities of SRC's and the governing bodies of schools was reviewed, while certain lacunas that resulted from the lack of information were addressed by empirical research. As a result of the preceding criteria a model for pupil participation in school management was developed and certain findings and recommendations were derived from it. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2000

Text in Afrikaans, summary in Afrikaans and English / Hierdie studie is onderneem om die effek van leierskap op verandering in 'n nie-winsgewende organisasie te bepaal. 'n Literatuur- en 'n empiriese studie is onderneem. Literatuur beklemtoon dat verandering 'n realiteit in 'n organisasie is, 'n veranderingsagent die proses moet dryf en dat die transformasieleierskapstyl die gewenste styl vir veranderingsbestuur is. Navorsing toon dat verandering vanwee ekstreme invloede wel voorkom. Verwarring ten opsigte van wie die rol en verantwoordelikheid as veranderingsagent moet vertolk kom egter in die navorsing na vore. Die wyse en frekwensie waarop kommunikasie ten opsigte van verandering plaasgevind het, word oor die algemeen positief deur die respondente ervaar, maar respondente toon egter ook positiewe en negatiewe gedragsreaksies aan ten opsigte van verandering. Respondente toon dat die transformasieleierskapstyl met leierskapsgedrag/-kenmerke wat verband hou met integriteit, toeganklikheid en objektlwiteit hul tot deelname aan verandering motiveer. Navorsing toon ook dat leierskapspotensiaal en die behoefte aan leierskapsontwikkeling by respondente teenwoordig is. Navorsing het bevestig dat leierskap 'n effek op verandering in 'n nie-winsgewende organisasie het. / This research aims to establish whether leadership has an effect on change in a not-for-profit organisation. A literature and empirical study were conducted. Literature indicated that change in organisations is a reality and that organisations need to appoint change agents in order to facilitate the change process. Research has shown that change in not-for-profit organisation was caused by external influences and indicated that confusion exists as to whom the role and responsibility of change agent belongs to. Respondents indicated that they were generally positive about the frequency and way in which change was communicated but they indicated both positive and negative behavioral reactions to change. The transformational leadership style is highlighted as the best leadership style to manage change. The transformational leadership style with leadership behavior such as integrity, approachability and objectivity motivates respondents to participate in the change process. Research also indicated that respondents have leadership potential and have a need for leadership development. This study confirmed that leadership has an effect on change in a not-for-profit organisation. / Social Work / M.Diac. (Maatskaplike Werk-rigting)

Text in English with abstracts and keywords in English, Tswana and Afrikaans / Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top-ranking causes of death in many countries, including Namibia. The purpose of this research study was to determine the knowledge and the attitudes of religious leaders and congregants regarding TB and to describe practices of TB prevention among religious leaders and congregants in Khomas Region, Namibia. The researcher developed strategies for enhancing the prevention of TB by religious leaders in Khomas Region, Namibia. The Health Belief Model and the Socio-ecological Model were adopted for the study. A mixed-method convergent design was used in this study. Phase one of the study involved the use of a quantitative descriptive design and phase two comprised a sequential mixed-method study using the Delphi technique. Explorative, descriptive and contextual designs were applied in phase two. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires in both phase one and phase two. Phase one included 299 participants and phase two included 100 experts in TB and religion. A quantitative data analysis was done using Moon Stats 2018, version 2.0. A qualitative data analysis was done following the steps of content analysis. This study found that the participants were very knowledgeable about TB in that 241 (80.87%) participants indicated that bacteria are the cause of TB and 292 (97.99%) indicated that TB bacteria are spread through the air from one person to another. The participants had a good attitude towards TB in that 227 (76.65%) participants agreed that anyone can be infected with TB and 140 (47.78%) expressed compassion for people who have TB. Participants of the study had good practices for TB prevention, like seeking medical attention if they suspect they have TB. A total of 28 strategies for the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of TB were developed. The recommendation made in this study is that religious leaders should be at the forefront of TB prevention activities due to their sphere of influence in society. All health sector stakeholders should support efforts by religious leaders to combat TB through sponsorships. / Bolwetsi jwa lehuba (TB) ke nngwe ya dibaki tsa loso tse di kwa setlhoeng mo dinageng tse dintsi, go akaretsa Namibia. Maikaelelo a thutopatlisiso eno e ne e le go sekaseka kitso le maitshwaro a baeteledipele ba sedumedi le baphuthegi mabapi le TB le go tlhalosa ditiragalo tsa thibelo ya TB magareng ga baeteledipele ba sedumedi le baphuthegi mo Kgaolong ya Khomas, Namibia. Mmatlisisi o dirile ditogamaano tsa go tokafatsa thibelo ya TB ka baeteledipele ba sedumedi mo Kgaolong ya Khomas, Namibia. Go amogetswe sekao sa Tumelo ya Boitekanelo le Sekao sa Ikholoji ya Loago mo thutopatlisisong. Go dirisitswe thadiso ya molebo o o kopantsweng mo thutopatlisisong eno. Kgato ya ntlha ya thutopatlisiso e akareditse tiriso ya molebo o o tlhalosang wa dipalopalo, mme kgato ya bobedi e nnile le thutopatlisiso ya molebo o o kopantsweng wa tatelano o o dirisang thekeniki ya Delphi. Go dirisitswe melebo ya tshekatsheko, tlhaloso le bokao mo kgatong ya bobedi. Data e ne ya kgobokanngwa go dirisiwa makwalopotsolotso a a batlileng a rulagantswe mo kgatong ya ntlha le kgato ya bobedi. Kgato ya ntlha e akareditse banni-le-seabe ba le 299, mme kgato ya bobedi e akareditse baitsenape ba le 100 ba TB le bodumedi. Tokololo ya data ya dipalopalo e ne ya dirwa go diriswa Moon Stats 2018, mofuta wa 2.0. Tokololo ya data e e lebelelang mabaka e ne ya dirwa go latelwa dikgato tsa tokololo ya diteng. Thutopatlisiso eno e fitlhetse gore banni-le-seabe ba ne ba na le kitso thata ka ga TB mo e leng gore banni-le-seabe ba ba 241 (80.87%) ba kaile gore ditwatsi ke tsona di tlholang TB, mme ba le 292 (97.99%) ba kaile gore ditwatsi tsa TB di phatlaladiwa mo moweng go tswa go motho yo mongwe go ya go yo mongwe. Banni-le-seabe ba na le megopolo e e siameng ka ga TB mo e leng gore banni-le-seabe ba ba 227 (76.65%) ba dumetse gore mongwe le mongwe a ka nna a tshwaetswa ke TB, mme ba le 140 (47.78%) ba ne ba bontsha boutlwelobotlhoko mo bathong ba ba nang le TB. Banni-le-seabe ba thutopatlisiso ba na le ditiragatso tse di siameng tsa thibelo ya TB, go tshwana le go batla thuso ya kalafi fa e le gore ba belaela gore ba na le TB. Go dirilwe palogotlhe ya ditogamaano di le 28 tsa thibelo ya ntlha, ya bobedi le ya boraro ya TB. Katlenegiso e e dirilweng mo thutopatlisisong eno ke gore baeteledipele ba sedumedi ba tshwanetse go nna kwa pele mo ditiragatsong tsa thibelo ya TB ka ntlha ya seemo sa bona sa tshusumetso mo setšhabeng. Baamegi botlhe ba lephata la boitekanelo ba tshwanetse go tshegetsa maiteko a baeteledipele ba sedumedi go lwantsha TB ka diketleetso. / Tuberkulose (TB) is een van die grootste doodsoorsake in Namibië en talle ander lande. Die doel van hierdie studie was om godsdiensleiers en gemeentelede in die Khomasstreek in Namibië se kennis van TB, hulle ingesteldheid jeens die siekte, en hulle voorkomingsmaatreëls te ondersoek. Die navorser het strategieë opgestel om te verhoed dat godsdiensleiers in hierdie streek TB opdoen. Die Gesondheidopvattings- en die Sosiaal-ekologiese model is met die oog op hierdie studie aangepas. ʼn Konvergente ontwerp met gemengde metodes is in hierdie studie gebruik. In fase 1 is ʼn kwantitatiewe, deskriptiewe ontwerp gevolg en in fase 2 is opeenvolgende gemengde metodes volgens die Delphitegniek toegepas. ʼn Verkennende, deskriptiewe en kontekstuele ontwerp is in fase gevolg. Data is in fase 1 en 2 aan die hand van halfgestruktureerde vraelyste ingesamel. In fase 1 het 299 respondente en in fase 2 het 100 TB- en godsdiensdeskundiges deelgeneem. ʼn Kwantitatiewe ontleding van die data is met Moon Stats 2018, weergawe 2.0 gedoen. Vervolgens is die data kwalitatief volgens die stappe van ʼn inhoudsanalise ontleed. In hierdie studie is bevind dat die deelnemers heel kundig was oor TB. Altesame 241 (80,87%) deelnemers het te kenne gegee dat bakterieë die oorsaak van TB is, en 292 (97,99%) het laat blyk dat TB-bakterieë luglangs van een persoon na ʼn ander versprei. Die deelnemers se ingesteldheid jeens TB was reg, want 227 (76,65%) deelnemers was dit eens dat enige iemand die siekte kan opdoen, en 140 (47,78%) het medelye gehad met TB-lyers. Daarby het hulle goeie voorkomingsmaatreëls gevolg soos om ʼn dokter te spreek toe hulle vermoed het dat hulle TB opgedoen het. Altesame 28 maatreëls is vir die primêre, sekondêre en tersiêre voorkoming van hierdie siekte getref. Daar word aanbeveel dat godsdiensleiers vanweë die aansien wat hulle in die samelewing geniet, die leiding in voorkomingsveldtogte moet neem. Alle belanghebbendes in die gesondheidsektor moet godsdiensleiers se pogings om TB te bestry, met borgskappe steun. / Health Studies / Ph. D. (Nursing)