The aims of this study were to determine: • The nature of job stress. • Factors causing job stress in management personnel. • The perceived severity or intensity of job stress in management personnel in secondary schools. • The frequency of occurrence of job stress in management personnel in secondary schools. In order to achieve these aims a literature study and empirical investigation were undertaken. The data was investigated and evaluated and certain conclusions were made. Appropriate primary and secondary sources were used in the literature study. A DIALOG search was conducted using the following key words: job stress, occupational stress, career stress, work stress, management and education. The nature of job stress and factors causing job stress in management personnel were discussed. Spielberger's Job Stress Survey (JSS) was used for the empirical investigation. This questionnaire was designed to determine the amount of stress associated with a particular event and the frequency of its occurrence. The population consisted of the management teams (principals, deputy principals and heads of department) of 180 randomly selected secondary schools throughout South Africa. The management teams of 102 secondary schools throughout South Africa constituted the sample. The data obtained in the empirical investigation was statistically analysed and interpreted. In conclusion the study was summarised, findings were reported and specific recommendations were made for implementation in practice and for further research. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2000

A thesis deals with still not very clear conception of the deputy headmaster of the primary school. It determines which competences are delegated to these workers , and whether the scope of their activities affects the size of the school and any number of deputy headmasters . The selected sample of primary schools in the Czech Republic were studied and then the current practice was described in the key areas of the school management. The present thesis has been completed using available literature a freely accessible Internet resources relating to the topic . Based on generally accepted legal norms and specific laws governing the area of education. A quantitative research was conducted in the form of both a sample survey and a questionnaire in the online environment. It was aimed at current concept of the deputy headmasters in primary schooling in the key areas of school management and identifying specific actions contained in the job description. Addressed respondents were the deputy headmasters of the school head . Their views on the possible definition of a legal base of this job and the number of students and graduates of the shool management were also examined. In the thesis there were analyzed and described the results of the survey. A general model consisting of partial competences...

A thesis deals with still not very clear conception of the deputy headmaster of the primary school. It determines which competences are delegated to these workers , and whether the scope of their activities affects the size of the school and any number of deputy headmasters . The selected sample of primary schools in the Czech Republic were studied and then the current practice was described in the key areas of the school management. The present thesis has been completed using available literature a freely accessible Internet resources relating to the topic . Based on generally accepted legal norms and specific laws governing the area of education. A quantitative research was conducted in the form of a questionnaire in the online environment . It was aimed at determining the scope of competences of the deputy headmasters in the key areas of school management and identifying specific actions contained in the job description . Addressed respondents were the deputy headmasters of the school head . Their views on the possible definition of a legal base of this job and the number of students and graduates of the shool management were also examined. In the thesis there were analyzed and described the results of the survey . A general model consisting of partial competences delegated to the deputy...

This thesis deals with the application of approaches in current practice that consider the performance of the Deputy Director as an appropriate or necessary precondition for the future performance of the school principal or the school facility. This work investigates current approaches that are applied in practice by founders, directors and deputy directors of schools and school facilities. The work is based on the study of available literature and applicable laws in the Czech Republic. At the same time, it draws on international approaches currently applied in the field. The research was conducted through questionnaires and investigations of implementations in the selection of future directors. In addition, respondents' views of founders and directors of the inclusion conditions of the Deputy Director of the insolvency proceedings. Also, respondents' views on the possible acquisition of management skills by the acting deputy director were examined. The analysis of the research describes the state determined and recommends possible solutions for the questions in the next period with emphasis on the potential increase in the quality of the Czech education system.

This PhD. thesis is dedicated to the legal regulation of instruments presenting guarantees of the independence of the member of parliament during the performance of his/her functions. The aim of this thesis is in particular to present a comprehensive picture of the topic concerning protection of independent performance of the parliamentary mandate, evaluate the Czech legal regulation in force and, last but not the least, to find an answer to the question to what extent is the Czech legal regulation in force complete and effective as well as present possible alternatives de lege ferenda. Member of parliament must be independent with regard to all aspects of the exercise of his/her mandate. Independency of the member of parliament is necessary precondition for his/her ability to exercise the mandate in such a way, which will enable him/her to face external pressures, not only from the state bodies, but also from other subjects or phenomenons. Instruments protecting independent performance of the mandate also support the possibility of members of parliament to fulfil their role freely and as a result to constitute working parliament. Presented PhD. thesis deals with the topic of parliamentary immunity, particular focus is put on the part presenting protection of freedom of voting and freedom of...

Submitted by Andrea Rezende (andrea.rezende@fgv.br) on 2010-08-06T15:28:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Viviane_Sanfelice.pdf: 887404 bytes, checksum: c84824a9817ee7e4d59d868c0f21e156 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-06T15:28:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Viviane_Sanfelice.pdf: 887404 bytes, checksum: c84824a9817ee7e4d59d868c0f21e156 (MD5) / Getting votes is crucial for any politician who is undergoing an election. Thus, this study is dedicated to investigate variables that affect the vote of incumbent deputy in Brazilian Congress who attempt to re-election, emphasizing the relationship between provision for budget amendments and electoral performance. To verify the importance of amendments on the electoral competition, the elections in the municipalities are also explored. The data used cover the elections and the Federal Budget for the period 1994 to 2006. Individual characteristics of members have strong explanatory power on the total votes obtained. Additionally, there is evidence of a local effect of the amendments over the voters and the relationship between deputy and municipality seems to determine most part of the municipal voting obtained in an attempt to re-election. / Obter votos é crucial para todo político que se submete a uma eleição. Sendo assim, este trabalho se dedica a investigar variáveis que afetem a votação de deputados federais candidatos a reeleição na Câmara Federal, dando ênfase à relação entre provisão de emendas e desempenho eleitoral. Para verificar a importância das emendas na competição eleitoral, as eleições municipais intermediárias também são exploradas. Os dados utilizados abrangem as eleições e Orçamento Federal do período de 1994 a 2006. Como resultado se verifica que aspectos ligados às características individuais dos deputados têm forte poder explicativo sobre os votos totais obtidos por estes. Adicionalmente, encontra-se evidência de um efeito local das emendas sobre os eleitores e que a relação estabelecida entre deputado e município determina grande parte da votação municipal obtida em uma tentativa de reeleição.

Gustave Cluseret est né à Paris en 1823 et mort près d’Hyères dans le Var en 1900. Il suit comme son père la carrière militaire. Sorti de Saint-Cyr en 1843, il prend part à la répression des insurgés en juin 1848.et obtient à ce titre la Croix de Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur. Mis en non activité par retrait d’emploi en mars 1850, il reprend du service dans l’armée en 1853 et participe à la guerre de Crimée et aux campagnes de Kabylie. Il est nommé capitaine. Il démissionne de l'armée française en 1858. Républicain, Cluseret s’engage dans l’Expédition des Mille en 1860 aux côtés de Garibaldi, qui le nomme colonel, puis participe à la guerre de Sécession en 1862 aux côtés des Etats du Nord. Il est alors nommé général de brigade et démissionne en 1863. Il prend part également au mouvement fénian. A la fin du Second Empire, Cluseret adhère à l’AIT. En 1870, il prend part aux communes révolutionnaires de Lyon et Marseille, puis s’engage dans la Commune de 1871 et occupe, pendant près d’un mois, le poste de délégué général à la Guerre. Condamné à mort en 1872, Cluseret s’exile en Suisse puis à Constantinople, où il mène conjointement trois activités : la peinture, le journalisme et la propagande. Son retour en France a lieu au début de l’année 1886, à La Crau dans le Var. Commence alors pour lui une carrière politique comme député, de 1888 jusqu’à sa mort. Il défend principalement les intérêts des paysans. Il crée également un journal, La Voix du Peuple du Var. Après 1889, Cluseret rompt avec l’Internationale, puis à partir de 1893, il s’éloigne des socialistes français collectivistes et s’oriente vers un socialisme nationaliste.Antidreyfusard, il finit sa vie en défendant des thèses nationalistes, teintées de xénophobie et d’antisémitisme. / Gustave Cluseret was born in Paris in 1823 and died near Hyères in the Var region in 1900. Like his father he pursued a military career. Leaving Saint-Cyr in 1843, he took part in the suppression of insurgents in June 1848, and was awarded the Croix de Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur. Removed from service in March 1850, he returned to serve in the Army in 1853 and participated in the Crimean War and the Kabylia campaigns. He was appointed captain. He resigned from the French Army in 1858. A Republican, Cluseret joined the Expedition of the Thousand in 1860 alongside Garibaldi, who appointed him colonel, he then took part in the Civil War in 1862 on the side of the Northern States. He was appointed brigadier general, and he resigned in 1863. He also took part in the Fenian movement. At the end of the Second Empire, Cluseret joined the International Workingmen's Association. In 1870 he took part in the revolutionary communes of Lyon and Marseille, then in the Commune of 1871 and served for nearly a month as General Delegate for War. Sentenced to death in 1872, Cluseret moved to Switzerland and then to Constantinople, where he pursued three different activities: painting, journalism and propaganda. Returning to France in early 1886 to La Crau in the Var Region. He embarked on a political career as a member of parliament from 1888 until his death. He mostly represented the interests of farmers. He also founded a journal, The Voice of the People of the Var. After 1889 Cluseret broke with the International, and from 1893 he distanced himself from the French socialist collectivists and moved towards anationalist socialism. Anti-dreyfusard, he ends his life defending nationalist positions tinged by xénophobie and antisemitism.

Grand oublié de l’histoire du gaullisme, Louis Terrenoire en est pourtant l’un des représentants les plus attestés. Rien ne prédisposait ce Lyonnais d’origine, issu d’une famille modeste, d’abord engagé dans les actions du catholicisme social puis du syndicalisme chrétien à connaître une carrière politique inscrite en tout point dans le sillage du Général. Monté à Paris en 1932 pour entrer au journal L’aube lancé par Francisque Gay, Louis Terrenoire noue des premiers contacts avec les milieux politiques de la démocratie chrétienne. Il se distingue surtout par son engagement en tant que journaliste dans la lutte contre les fascismes. Mobilisé en 1939, il part au combat avec la volonté de défendre la patrie ainsi que ses valeurs républicaines et chrétiennes. Refusant l’armistice, il gagne très tôt les rangs de la Résistance, non en réponse à l’Appel du 18 juin qu’il n’entend pas mais pour prolonger un combat antifasciste entamé dans les années 1930. C’est au cours de ses années de résistance puis en déportation que Louis Terrenoire se découvre gaulliste et commence à se construire une identité politique indissociable du Général. En 1945-1946, il débute une carrière de parlementaire sous l’étiquette MRP. Après la rupture du « parti de la fidélité » avec le Général, Louis Terrenoire décide de le quitter en 1947 pour servir le général de Gaulle. Battu en 1951, il redevient député en 1958 et le reste jusqu’en 1973. Il participe à l’exercice du pouvoir au cours de la guerre d’Algérie en tant que ministre de l’Information, puis ministre délégué aux Relations avec le Parlement de février 1961 à avril 1962 en même temps que porte-parole d’un Général très ouvert au débat en conseil des ministres. Cet itinéraire politique est placé sous le signe d’une fidélité indéfectible à un homme – le général de Gaulle –, à ses idées, et à son œuvre, qui en fait un « baron » à part jusqu’à mort. / Greatly forgotten in the history of Gaullism, Louis Terrenoire is nevertheless one of the most attested representatives of it. Nothing predisposed this Lyonnais, from a modest family, first engaged in the actions of social Catholicism and then Christian trade unionism, to have a political career that was in every respect in the wake of the General. Louis Terrenoire went to Paris in 1932 to join the newspaper “L'aube” launched by Francisque Gay, and made his first contacts with the political circles of Christian Democracy. He stands out above all for his commitment as a journalist in the fight against fascism. Mobolized in 1939, he went into battle with the will to defend the country as well as its republican and christian values. Refusing the armistice, he very early won the ranks of the Resistance, not in response to the Appeal of June 18 that he did not hear but to prolong an antifascist struggle begun in the 1930s. It was during his years of resistance and then in deportation that Louis Terrenoire discovered himself to be a Gaullist and began to build a political identity inseparable from the General. In 1945-1946, he began a parliamentary career under the MRP label. After the break-up of the “loyalty party” with the General, Louis Terrenoire decided to leave him in 1947 to serve General de Gaulle. Beaten in 1951, he became a Member of Parliament again in 1958 and the rest until 1973. He took part in the exercice of power during the Algerian war as Minister of Information, then as Minister Delegate Relations with Parliament from February 1961 to April 1962 and at the same time as spokeman for a General who was very open to debate in the Council of Ministers.This political itinerary is based on an unfailing loyalty to a man- General de Gaulle-, to his ideas and to his work, which makes him a “ baron” apart until his death.

Semiotic Engineering is one of semiotic approaches to human-computer interaction problematics. Its theory is based on a simple notion of interface beeing a designers deputy through which the designer comunicates with users of this interface. Telling them, how to work with a program, he or she designed for them. Apart from teoretical foundation, semiotic engineering dispose also with research methods that can be used to evaluate a way an interface communicates with its users. This way it can compare with other non-semitic theories in this branch of research and thanks to its orientation to communication, it is even able to bring new points o wiev. Its theory and methods are used in this thesis as a basis for creation of a set of rules for user interface designers, that shoul serve them as guidelines for their thinking about interface. It turns out that semiotic theory is capable of bringing concrete results for praxis in the area of interaction design and it is not bound only to the academic enviroment.

Semiotic Engineering is one of semiotic approaches to human-computer interaction problematics. Its theory is based on a simple notion of interface beeing a designers deputy through which the designer comunicates with users of this interface. Telling them, how to work with a program, he or she designed for them. Apart from teoretical foundation, semiotic engineering dispose also with research methods that can be used to evaluate a way an interface communicates with its users. This way it can compare with other non-semitic theories in this branch of research and thanks to its orientation to communication, it is even able to bring new points o wiev. Its theory and methods are used in this thesis as a basis for creation of a set of rules for user interface designers, that shoul serve them as guidelines for their thinking about interface. It turns out that semiotic theory is capable of bringing concerete results for praxis in the area of interaction design and it is not bound only to the academic enviroment.