This doctoral thesis is situated within the digital design field of architecture, and is a continuation of the licentiate thesis Architectural Prototypes: Modes of Design Development and Architectural Practice, presented at the KTH School of Architecture in 2008. The doctoral thesis investigates the current status of the digital design field of architecture, and identifies a number of related discourses. Within this field, it identifies a period of formation, which in recent years has turned into a process of reformation. It contributes to this ongoing reformation by proposing two alternate areas of future practice and research within the field. A speculative approach is considered to be important for a continued mode of exploration within the field, and is suggested as away to bring new scope to the digital design field. A number of key terms from the field of science fiction studies have been investigated to support the construction of a speculative framework for further development. A strategic approach is regarded as crucial to the way new design potentials that have emerged within the digital design field to be implemented into general architectural practice, and to further inform the field itself. Key concepts have been imported from the field of strategic management in the formulation of a framework for digital design strategies. The notion of the prototype, as explored in the previous licentiate thesis, resurfaces as a prototypical approach, which could be equally employed in the speculative approach and the strategic approach. The doctoral thesis is also situated within the field of research-by-design, in the way architectural design projects have been facilitated as contextualized experiments, selected, documented and aligned in regard to terminology, and analyzed through a series of design project enquiries. / QC 20120528

Le présent travail de recherche aborde la question du projet urbain appliqué dans le cas de la métropole algéroise. Dans cette ville des chantiers de grande ampleur ont été engagés: réseaux routiers et autoroutiers, grands équipements, réseaux de transport, etc. La démarche globale y a été formalisée dans le Plan Stratégique Alger 2030. Ce plan, dans les choix qu’il propose, réfère à de nombreuses expériences. Les éléments d’exécution du plan ne montrent cependant pas la prise en compte réelle de l’esprit de ces expériences. En situation d’incertitude quant à une mise en œuvre effective de projet, nous avons questionné le Plan Stratégique pour vérifier dans quelle mesure il mettait en acte les principes auxquels il réfère dans le discours. L’analyse a montré que ce plan est réduit dans les faits et les pratiques à une fonction de dessin en déficit de dessein. Ce Plan Stratégique semble éloigné de l’esprit du projet urbain : un plan qui ne s’appuie pas sur la connaissance et l’analyse du réel urbain, ni sur l’examen ou l’exploration de scénarii, ni sur ce que pourraient apporter les démarches de concertation et de débat, soit, de tout ce qui fait le projet urbain. / The present research addresses the issue of Urban Design applied to the case of Algiers metropolis. In this city, large-scale projects have been undertaken during the last decade : highway infrastructure, major equipements, urban and suburban transport networks, etc. The overall approach has been formalized in the Algiers 2030 Strategic Plan. The choices that this plan offers, are drawn from many experiences. Nevertheless, the delivery elements of the plan do not reflect the spirit of the experiences refered to. In a situation of uncertainty regarding the real execution of the project, we have examined the Strategic Plan to check how to put into practice the principles contained in its discourse. The analysis showed that the plan is reduced in practice to a plan drawing function without a purpose, an aim or a vision. This Strategic Plan seems far from the Urban Design approach : a plan that does not rely on a knowledge and an analysis of urban reality, the examination and the exploration of possible futur outcomes, nor what a consultation process and debate could bring, that is to say, all of which makes the Urban Design.

This master’s thesis deals with problems associated with the design of LV distribution networks. In the theoretical part there are described, legislative requirements for the designer of distribution networks, overwiev of standards in which the designer should have oriented and programs used in practice to create design documentation. In the next part there are given requirements for the detail design documentation. Practical part of master’s thesis is devoted to design of reconstruction of distribution network in the given part of village. Appraisal of existing a newly design distribution network was done by calculating of stady state in the BIZON program. In the last part there is listed design documentation for construction in range for the smooth implementation of the project.

This diploma thesis investigate the question of combined production of heat and power by the gasification of biomass. The introduction describes basic dilemma energy conversion from biomass. Further, special attention at the gasification technology and it´s usage at combined heat and power production is paid. The main section includes schematic proposal cycle with use of microturbine 80 [kWe] as well as basic calculation, which serves as a base for folowing project optimization. For discussed optimization is made concept of configuration, thermal and aerodynamics calculation for both heat exchangers B1 and B2. Last but not least these heat exangers were compared by different aspects such as influence of deposits on power transfer and pressure loss. At the end of the work calculated numeric values are discussed and the project of heat exchanger with it´s advantages for practise are summarised.

Le design de jeux est une discipline en plein essor, dont les progrès technologiques et théoriques ne cessent de se perfectionner. L’évolution rapide de la sphère ludique oblige une constante adaptation de la part de cette discipline, autant au niveau professionnel que académique. Il est important de se questionner quant aux impacts de cette évolution sur les programmes de formation en design de jeux. Les programmes se spécialisant dans ce domaine doivent s’adapter en temps réel afin de former des praticiens plus près des attentes et des pratiques retrouvées sur le marché du travail contemporain. En s’appuyant sur le modèle de la recherche ethnographique et phénoménologique en design, l’objectif de l’étude est d’apporter un nouvel éclairage sur la pratique de l’enseignement du design de jeux. Nous observons plus attentivement les apprenants du D.E.S.S. en design de jeux de l’Université de Montréal lors de la réalisation de leur projet de fin d’études, dont l’objectif est la création d’un prototype vidéoludique fonctionnel. Notre approche est de nature qualitative, d’inspiration phénoménologique: nous avons recueilli l’expérience pédagogique de sept étudiants designers ainsi que de deux enseignants. Par l’intermédiaire de l’observation non participante, de carnets de bords, d’entretiens semi-dirigés et de groupes de discussion, il a été possible d’analyser l’expérience en action des participants. Une attention significative est portée à l’égard des différents phénomènes rencontrés par les étudiants lors du processus de conception, de création et de production du projet de fin d’études. Nos résultats tentent de dépeindre, le plus fidèlement possible, l’expérience pédagogique des participants de la cohorte 2019-2020. L’analyse met en perspective les forces ainsi que les insuffisances du contexte pédagogique. L’interprétation a permis l’identification de plusieurs phénomènes et thématiques récurrentes tout au long de l’étude. La conclusion de la recherche mène vers des pistes recommandations prospectives qui concernent le contexte socioculturel, la motivation, le travail d’équipe ainsi que l’encadrement en situation de projet. / The field of video game design is constantly evolving seeing rapid change both in game design theory and technology as the video game industry matures as a whole. This rapid progress requires game design professionals to constantly evolve and adapt to remain pertinent on the market. Thus, it is important to consider the impact of such rapid growth on the academic platform that seeks to support it by providing the industry with qualified graduates ready to meet the ever-growing expectations of employers. Using the ethnographic and phenomenological research models, the objective of the present study is to bring new understanding of the teaching practices of game design by following students through their final project. Consisting in designing and developing a functioning video game prototype, the final project offers the author of this study a unique perspective into the design processes and strategies adopted by the students over the course of the production. Based on the qualitative approach of the phenomenological research model, this study compiled the experiences of seven design students and two teachers through non-participatory observation, logbooks, semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Through the observations gathered on the field, this study aims to faithfully portray the academic experiences of the students of class 2019-2020. The analysis of the data collected highlights the strengths of the educational experience as well as underlines its inadequacies and shortcomings which, in turn, lead to reflexive recommendations concerning the sociocultural context, motivation, teamwork, training and pedagogy within a project-based context.

Целью данной магистерской диссертации является проектирование системы для автоматизации проведения аудита технических мер безопасности по результатам работы ПО DATAPK. Научная новизна заключается в проектировании новой системы, подходящей под цели государственного заказчика. Практическая значимость данного исследования состоит в применении результатов магистерской диссертации для разработки системы, с помощью которой будут проверяться все существующие объекты защиты на выполнение техническим мерам, обнаружение уязвимостей и беспроводных точек в сети, процесс оценки станет всеобъемлющим и эффективным. Работа включает в себя разработку критериев оценки соблюдения технических мер, разработку требований к системе и основных принципов ее работы. Результатом работы является техническое задание на разработку автоматизированной системы для проведения аудита, сопроводительная документация и шаблон технического отчета. / The purpose of this master's thesis is to design a system for automating the audit of technical security measures based on the results of the DATAPK software. Scientific novelty lies in the design of a new system suitable for the goals of the state customer. The practical significance of this study is to apply the results of the master's thesis to develop a system that will check all existing objects of protection for the implementation of technical measures, the detection of vulnerabilities and wireless points in the network, the assessment process will become comprehensive and effective. The work includes the development of criteria for assessing compliance with technical measures, the development of requirements for the system and the basic principles of its operation. The result of the work is the terms of reference for the development of an automated system for conducting an audit, accompanying documentation and a technical report template.

Influencée par la complexité des projets de design, la pratique du designer change. Cette dernière a évolué d’une approche plutôt intuitive, à une production industrialisée, jusqu’à des pratiques très sociales, notamment participatives, favorisant la prise de décisions démocratiques et l’engagement actif de non-experts. Dans ce contexte, le designer prend de nouveaux rôles et crée de nouvelles méthodes en vue d’impliquer des acteurs variés dans les projets. Or, dans cet exercice, la mobilisation de non-experts soulève divers enjeux relatifs à leur encadrement et participation. Ainsi, malgré l’expertise que l’on reconnaît au designer pour aborder des situations mal définies, faciliter la collaboration et co-construire des solutions, l’implication des non-experts doit être faite de façon réfléchie. Cette problématique nous incite à interroger de quelles manières le designer conduit-il le projet de design lorsque celui-ci est abordé selon une approche participative ? En posant cette question, nous espérons amener les praticiens à s’intéresser à leur rôle, au moment même où leur pratique se construit. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons défini l’approche participative avec ses principes guides et fondements théoriques. Ensuite, nous avons mobilisé le modèle de l’Éclipse de l’objet (Findeli et Bousbaci, 2005) pour définir la pratique du projet de design. L’étude du modèle a permis de mieux saisir qui sont les acteurs du projet de design et les expériences qu’ils tirent de ce contexte. Une collecte de données organisée autour d’une revue intensive de la littérature a permis de brosser le portrait de la pratique participative du designer. Pour interpréter les données tirées de cette revue, le modèle de l’éclipse de l’objet a été mobilisé. Ainsi, des thèmes dominants concernant les acteurs experts et non-experts des approches participatives ont pu être extraits. Leur analyse a permis de formuler des constats quant aux rôles, aux postures et aux responsabilités des différents acteurs ainsi qu’à leurs dynamiques sociales et aux bagages de chacun. L’ensemble de la recherche nous fournit une meilleure compréhension des manières avec lesquelles le designer développe le projet de design selon une approche participative. / Influenced by the growing complexity of design projects, the designer’s practice is evolving. What used to be a more intuitive approach has progressed to industrialized production, and highly social practices, including participatory approaches, which favour democratic decision making and active involvement from non-experts. In that context, designers are taking on new roles and developing novel methods to engage various players. Involving non-experts, however, is bringing forward a range of issues surrounding their supervision and participation. Notwithstanding a designer’s recognized expertise addressing wicked situations, facilitating collaboration and building solutions with others, involving non-experts must be done thoughtfully. This issue prompts the question: in what ways does a designer navigate a design project when a participatory approach is taken? In examining this, the goal is to encourage practitioners to consider their role as they are building their practice. Achieving this has involved establishing what constitutes a participatory approach and defining its guiding principles and theoretical foundations, as well as leveraging the Eclipse of the object (Findeli & Bousbaci, 2005) model to define design project practice. Study of this model has allowed for a better understanding of the actors involved in a design project and of the experience they gain from contributing. Data collection organized around a scoping review has also helped provide an overview of a designer’s participatory practice, using the Eclipse of the object model to interpret the information gathered and extract overarching themes related to participatory approach experts and non-experts. Analysis of this data has helped draw conclusions regarding the role, position, responsibilities, social dynamics, and experiences of various actors. This research, as a whole, unlocks a deeper understanding of the ways in which a designer develops a design project using a participatory approach.

What makes a community sustainable? Is it the effective management of local environmental resources? Or meeting the social, economic and health needs of its population? For the five UBC researchers in the following pages, the answer is unequivocally both. From tackling water scarcity to environmental health and planning, these researchers are individually working to ensure local communities are equipped with the necessary knowledge to remain sustainable for generations to come.

A presente dissertação parte do princípio da relevância da produção arquitetônica para uso residencial no contexto das mudanças sociais ocorridas entre as primeiras décadas do século XX e o período do segundo pós-guerra, bem como da observação de que inúmeras obras residenciais paradigmáticas deste período foram projetadas e executadas por arquitetos para uso próprio. Buscou-se, através do recorte do objeto, estudar a arquitetura que resultou de situações que, embora possam ser consideradas excepcionais na atividade produtiva do arquiteto - e talvez até pelo mesmo motivo - puderam propiciar aos autores estudados a oportunidade de elaborar questões pertinentes à disciplina com mais liberdade, do ponto de vista de condicionantes mercadológicas e sócio-culturais vigentes, do que em situações convencionais de produção. Procuramos também, através da comparação entre as residências próprias de arquitetos e o conjunto de sua produção, compreender em que medida as condicionantes do projeto representadas pela figura do cliente podem interferir no resultado final da obra. O objetivo geral do trabalho consiste no levantamento e classificação de obras residenciais de arquitetos (projetadas e construídas para uso próprio) consideradas relevantes na historiografia da arquitetura mundial e brasileira do período estudado, bem como na análise de sua representatividade no conjunto da obra de seus autores, sua relação com as principais correntes arquitetônicas identificadas para a época e suas contribuições ao pensamento e à cultura arquitetônica do período. Apresentamos também a análise aprofundada de alguns casos individuais, com o objetivo de revelar elementos do programa, processo projetual, linguagem, e valores dos arquitetos estudados - além de sua representatividade em relação ao contexto histórico da disciplina. / This dissertation begins with the relevance of residential architecture within the context of the social transformations of the first decades of the 20th century and the period following World War II. It is noted that many of the milestone residences of that time were designed and built by architects for their own use. This work aims to study the architecture resulting from arguably exceptional situations of architectural production, which provided its architects with the opportunity to elaborate issues pertinent to the discipline with greater freedom - in terms of the market and socio-cultural conditions in force at the time - than would have been possible if these situations had been conventional. We have also sought to understand the measure to which the design constraints imposed by clients can impact on the final result, by comparing the architects\' own homes to their output as a whole. The main objective of this work is to survey and classify the residential projects designed and built by architects for their own use that are considered important in global and Brazilian architectural history for the period under study, as well as analyze them within the context of all their architectural production, their relationships with the main architectural movements at the time and their contributions to architectural thinking and culture. In depth analyses of certain cases are employed to reveal elements of the brief, design process, language and values of the architects in question, as well as their representativeness in relation to the discipline\'s historical context.

A presente dissertação parte do princípio da relevância da produção arquitetônica para uso residencial no contexto das mudanças sociais ocorridas entre as primeiras décadas do século XX e o período do segundo pós-guerra, bem como da observação de que inúmeras obras residenciais paradigmáticas deste período foram projetadas e executadas por arquitetos para uso próprio. Buscou-se, através do recorte do objeto, estudar a arquitetura que resultou de situações que, embora possam ser consideradas excepcionais na atividade produtiva do arquiteto - e talvez até pelo mesmo motivo - puderam propiciar aos autores estudados a oportunidade de elaborar questões pertinentes à disciplina com mais liberdade, do ponto de vista de condicionantes mercadológicas e sócio-culturais vigentes, do que em situações convencionais de produção. Procuramos também, através da comparação entre as residências próprias de arquitetos e o conjunto de sua produção, compreender em que medida as condicionantes do projeto representadas pela figura do cliente podem interferir no resultado final da obra. O objetivo geral do trabalho consiste no levantamento e classificação de obras residenciais de arquitetos (projetadas e construídas para uso próprio) consideradas relevantes na historiografia da arquitetura mundial e brasileira do período estudado, bem como na análise de sua representatividade no conjunto da obra de seus autores, sua relação com as principais correntes arquitetônicas identificadas para a época e suas contribuições ao pensamento e à cultura arquitetônica do período. Apresentamos também a análise aprofundada de alguns casos individuais, com o objetivo de revelar elementos do programa, processo projetual, linguagem, e valores dos arquitetos estudados - além de sua representatividade em relação ao contexto histórico da disciplina. / This dissertation begins with the relevance of residential architecture within the context of the social transformations of the first decades of the 20th century and the period following World War II. It is noted that many of the milestone residences of that time were designed and built by architects for their own use. This work aims to study the architecture resulting from arguably exceptional situations of architectural production, which provided its architects with the opportunity to elaborate issues pertinent to the discipline with greater freedom - in terms of the market and socio-cultural conditions in force at the time - than would have been possible if these situations had been conventional. We have also sought to understand the measure to which the design constraints imposed by clients can impact on the final result, by comparing the architects\' own homes to their output as a whole. The main objective of this work is to survey and classify the residential projects designed and built by architects for their own use that are considered important in global and Brazilian architectural history for the period under study, as well as analyze them within the context of all their architectural production, their relationships with the main architectural movements at the time and their contributions to architectural thinking and culture. In depth analyses of certain cases are employed to reveal elements of the brief, design process, language and values of the architects in question, as well as their representativeness in relation to the discipline\'s historical context.