Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

This dissertation attempts to investigate the intertextual modus operandi in the oeuvre of H.J. Pieterse, with specific focus on his volumes, Alruin (1989) and Die burg van hertog Bloubaard (2000). The overarching purpose of the investigation is to prove that the author not only uses intertextuality in the sense that one text (literary text) refers to another text (literary and non–literary), or that one text influences another. Pieterse engages in conversation with other texts and re–writes these texts by repositioning them in another context and by adding additional metaphoric meaning to them. The author allows these texts to exchange conversation, to mutually influence one another, and this has as a result that, in his poems, his poetry and his oeuvre, metaphoric lines come into being, which lend a layered meaning to these texts and enrich the possibilities of their interpretation. Thus, a play on multiple meaning develops, which moves between texts: written texts, literary texts, non–literary texts, the author, the reader and the context(s). The conclusion to which this dissertation comes, is that the above mentioned manifestations of meanings, which exist and come into existence within the physically confines of the text, expand this text to a less confined existence in terms of meaning, more unlimited and unbound than what is necessarily allowed by the physically confined nature of the written text. The question thus arises of how the physically limited text take possession of and draws into the texts what lies beyond its physical confines to produce meaning, and how this tension around the limits of the literary text is functionally used. Consequentially, the question that follows is how this happens in the oeuvre of H.J. Pieterse and how the author uses his poetic technique to go beyond the confines of the written text. / Thesis (M.A. (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

This dissertation attempts to investigate the intertextual modus operandi in the oeuvre of H.J. Pieterse, with specific focus on his volumes, Alruin (1989) and Die burg van hertog Bloubaard (2000). The overarching purpose of the investigation is to prove that the author not only uses intertextuality in the sense that one text (literary text) refers to another text (literary and non–literary), or that one text influences another. Pieterse engages in conversation with other texts and re–writes these texts by repositioning them in another context and by adding additional metaphoric meaning to them. The author allows these texts to exchange conversation, to mutually influence one another, and this has as a result that, in his poems, his poetry and his oeuvre, metaphoric lines come into being, which lend a layered meaning to these texts and enrich the possibilities of their interpretation. Thus, a play on multiple meaning develops, which moves between texts: written texts, literary texts, non–literary texts, the author, the reader and the context(s). The conclusion to which this dissertation comes, is that the above mentioned manifestations of meanings, which exist and come into existence within the physically confines of the text, expand this text to a less confined existence in terms of meaning, more unlimited and unbound than what is necessarily allowed by the physically confined nature of the written text. The question thus arises of how the physically limited text take possession of and draws into the texts what lies beyond its physical confines to produce meaning, and how this tension around the limits of the literary text is functionally used. Consequentially, the question that follows is how this happens in the oeuvre of H.J. Pieterse and how the author uses his poetic technique to go beyond the confines of the written text. / Thesis (M.A. (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

L’étude dont nous présentons ici les résultats a pour objet l’étudiant non natif confronté au cours magistral. Cette étude s’intègre dans l’axe II de la section Adis-langues du laboratoire ICAR II. L’étude s’appuie sur l’hypothèse que la complexité du fonctionnement du cours magistral entraîne des difficultés de compréhension orale et de prise de notes chez les étudiants non natifs qui ont une maîtrise incertaine de la langue française.Nous avons travaillé sur des extraits d’enregistrements vidéo de cours de droit que nous avons analysé en nous inspirant des présupposées théoriques de l’école française de l’analyse du discours. Plusieurs autres concepts ont servi d’outils pour appréhender le fonctionnement du cours magistral. Nous avons notamment été longuement éclairée par les études menées au sein du groupe Interactions et Apprentissage des langues dans sa composante Analyses de discours didactiques et nous nous sommes servie de leur modèle pour identifier et étiqueter les différents paramètres de complexité du cours magistral. Pour mesurer la compréhension orale de ces paramètres, nous avons adopté une démarche expérimentale pas aussi sophistiquée que l’exige la méthode expérimentale proprement dite, pour des raisons heuristiques. Nous avons proposé aux étudiants natifs et non natifs des tests de compréhension orale à travers la prise de notes et d’autres questions orales et écrites.Les résultats obtenus révèlent des cas de maîtrise de la langue et des moments plus délicats où pour des raisons diverses la compréhension orale et la prise de notes sont rendues difficiles. Ces résultats ont permis de valider l’hypothèse de départ. Nous avons à partir de là ébauché un dispositif compensatoire des problèmes identifiés, puis nous avons formulé des perspectives pour des études plus approfondies à l’avenir. / The study we present here the results has for object the non-native student face up to oral comprehension and taking notes challenges during lectures in law. This study is part of the axis II section of Adis-language laboratory ICAR II. The study is based on the assumption that the complexity of the functioning or of lectures in law leads to difficulties in listening and note-taking in non-native students who have an uncertain command of French. The data from which we have worked consist of excerpts from videotapes of law courses. We analyzed these recordings according to theoretical presuppositions of the French school of discourse analysis. Several other concepts developed by other schools and other researchers have been used tools for understanding the functioning of the lectures. We were also informed by extensive studies on the lectures conducted in the group Interactions and Language Learning in its component Analysis of didactic speeches.We used the model of listening to lectures theorized by this research group to define the term listening. This model allowed us to identify and label the different complexity parameters of lectures. To measure oral comprehension of these parameters, we adopted an experimental approach. We have developed an experimental design not as sophisticated as required by the experimental method itself, for heuristic reasons. The experimental protocol is based on a set of excerpts of recordings from which we offered to native students and nonnative students listening tests through taking notes and other written and oral questions. The results reveal cases of language proficiency and delicate moments where for various reasons, listening and taking notes are complicated. These results validate the starting hypothesis. We have sketched from here a compensatory mechanism of identified problems, and then we have made perspective for further studies in the future.

Cette recherche a pour titre Fonctionnement du triangle de la subjectivité intériorisée dans le roman moderne. Elle a pour but d’étudier la parole et les pensées intérieures du sujet de l’énonciation dans des œuvres romanesques souvent marquées par le décrochage et le "brouillage" des pistes énonciatives. Les trois procédés discursifs et narratifs ciblés sont le monologue intérieur (MI), le discours indirect libre (DIL) et le point de vue (PDV). L’examen des trois piliers du langage intérieur prend appuie sur les apports de la linguistique de l’énonciation, de la polyphonie et de la pragmatique. Cette recherche cible neuf œuvres romanesques que nous plaçons sous l’étiquette de "roman moderne". Ces romans appartiennent à trois auteurs français qui ont développé des récits dont la source locutrice et énonciatrice pose problème. La difficulté de traiter de l’énonciation romanesque dans un corpus choisi en l’occurrence est due essentiellement à l’effacement des frontières entre discours citant et discours cité. Marcel Proust, Claude Simon et Nathalie Sarraute n’appartiennent certes pas aux mêmes courants esthétiques et idéologiques, mais ils ont ceci de commun qu’ils offrent une configuration romanesque qui conduit à s’interroger sur le statut du locuteur et de l’énonciateur dans une forme d’expression qui n’est pas toujours verbalisée. / This research is entitled Functioning of the Triangle of Internalized Subjectivity in the Modern Novel. It aims at studying the speech and the inner thoughts of the subject of enunciation in fiction often marked by the "interference" in enunciation tracks. The three targeted discursive and narrative processes are internal monologue (MI), free indirect speech ( DIL) and the point of view (PDV) . The examination of the three pillars of the inner language relies on the contributions of linguistics of enunciation, of polyphony and pragmatic. This research targets nine novels that we can classify as belonging to the "modern novel" category. These novels belong to three French authors who have developed narratives in which the source of speaker and enunciator is a cause of ambiguity. The difficulty of dealing with the novelistic enunciation in a textual corpus chosen in this case is mainly due to the blurring of boundaries between reporting speech and reported speech. Marcel Proust, Claude Simon and Nathalie Sarraute do not belong to the same aesthetic and ideological trends, but what they have in common is that they all offer a novel configuration that makes us raise questions about the status of the speaker and the enunciator in a form of expression that is not always verbalized.

L’observation de la présence des arts non verbaux au cœur des œuvres de Marguerite Duras, Lawrence Durrell, Elfriede Jelinek et Péter Nádas nous invite à considérer la musicalité et l’iconicité des écritures dramatiques et romanesques contemporaines en termes de modèle mais aussi de dispositif. Des phénomènes de dialogue, d’hybridation, de polyphonie, de dialogisme, d’intermédialité, de ce que Jacques Rancière nomme « l’impurification » au cœur d’un « régime esthétique de l’art » révèlent les rêves, désirs et pulsions du verbal pour d’autres arts, mais aussi pour des représentations à l’artisticité discutable. La fabrique d’un corps organique, sexuel, érotique voire pornographique par les écritures contemporaines nous convie à envisager le métissage entre art et non-art en termes de dispositif performatif et à proposer une lecture queer des œuvres. À l’heure du postmodernisme, le recours des écritures au non-verbal se donne à lire à la fois comme la manifestation d’une crise du logos et de la représentation et comme l’enjeu d’une rénovation esthétique et politique de la littérature. Qu’ils modélisent le verbal ou fassent brutalement irruption et déchirure en son sein, les arts non verbaux concourent au renouvellement des formes littéraires, mais aussi à leur politicité et au renouveau de la fiction. Cette étude ambitionne donc d’explorer le carrefour esthético-politique que dessinent, entre le milieu du XXe siècle et ce début de XXIe siècle, les relations plurielles entre les arts verbaux et non verbaux dans l’art verbal par excellence, la littérature. / The observation of the presence of non verbal arts within the works of Marguerite Duras, Lawrence Durrell, Elfriede Jelinek and Péter Nádas leads us to examine the musicality and the iconicity of contemporary dramatic and novelistic writings in terms of model, pattern and devices. Dialogue, hybridization, polyphony, dialogism, intermediality, and what Jacques Rancière calls “impurification” within the “Aesthetic Regime of Art”, display the dreams, desires and longings of verbal art for other arts, but also for representations whose artistic content is arguable. The fact that contemporary writings produce an organic, sexual, erotic, even pornographic body invites us to focus on the interactions between arts and non-arts with regard to their performative devices and to propose a queer reading of the works. In Postmodernism, the fact that writings draw on non verbal forms can be understood as the expression of the failure of Logos – both language and reason – and of representation. Moreover, what is also at stake is an aesthetic and political reform of literature. Whether they tend to impose new verbal models or break into them, non verbal arts contribute not only to reshape literary forms but also to emphasize their political substance and renew their fictional content. This dissertation aims to investigate the crossroads between aesthetics and politics that the various relationships between verbal and non-verbal arts display, from mid-20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, within Literature, the verbal art par excellence.