Hierdie studie stel ondersoek in na die voorkoms en funksie van spookkarakters in die roman-oeuvre van Etienne van Heerden, een van Afrikaanse letterkunde se mees bekroonde skrywers. Die doel van hierdie studie is om vas te stel watter funksies die spookkarakters in onderskeidelik Toorberg (1986), Die Stoetmeester (1993) en Die swye van Mario Salviati (2000) vervul, en ook of die spookkarakters in hierdie romans ʼn groter funksie buiten dié in hul onderskeie tekste vervul wat nuwe lig kan werp op Etienne van Heerden se hantering van identiteit (ʼn tema wat deurlopend in sy oeuvre na vore kom). Die ondersoek word hoofsaaklik aan die hand van teks- en romananalise gedoen. Die spookkarakters in die betrokke romans word geklassifiseer aan die hand van teorie uit die paranormale wetenskap. Alhoewel die spookkarakters en die tersaaklike romans nie genregebonde gelees word nie, word teorie uit karakterstudies, identiteitstudies, spookstories, die Gotiese, die magiese realisme, die postkolonialisme, die historiese roman en liminaliteitsteorie in die bespreking betrek. Dit word geargumenteer dat die spookkarakters in Toorberg die prototipiese, manlike Afrikaneridentiteit vergestalt en dit deur middel van uitsluiting (eksklusiwiteit) in stand hou; dat die spookkarakter in Die Stoetmeester ʼn liminale figuur in ʼn liminale historiese tydperk vergestalt, en derhalwe ʼn liminale weergawe van Afrikaneridentiteit uitbeeld; en dat die spookkarakters in Die swye van Mario Salviati ʼn meer inklusiewe (Suid-)Afrikaanse identiteit uitbeeld deur identiteite in die Suid-Afrikaanse verlede wat voorheen misken is, in spesifieke spookkarakters te vergestalt. Deur die individuele spookkarakters as verteenwoordigend van groepsidentiteite te lees binne die bepaalde historiese konteks waarin die romans afspeel en gepubliseer is, word daar ten slotte aangevoer dat die spookkarakters in die roman-oeuvre van Etienne van Heerden ʼn evolusie van Afrikaner- na Suid-Afrikaanse identiteit uitbeeld. / PhD (Afrikaans and Dutch), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Consacrée au groupe méconnu des « Progressistes de Cologne », cette thèse explore, à partir de la notion inédite de Weltverbindung (Lien au monde), l’utopie internationaliste et universaliste de ces artistes comme source constructrice d’une pensée, d’une action et d’une création à la fois politiques, sociales et artistiques. En explorant les fondements de leur pensée révolutionnaire, en étudiant les modalités de fonctionnement du groupe, en éclairant d’une lumière nouvelle leurs langages artistiques figuratifs et abstraits ou encore en confrontant leur idéologie avec celles qu’ils ont combattues, ce travail tente de redonner aux Progressistes leur place parmi les avant-gardes de l’entre-deux-guerres, aux côtés desquelles ils n’ont cessé d’interroger, de bouleverser et de transformer la création, en s’opposant à toutes les conventions. / Dedicated to the not well-known group of « The Cologne Progressives », this thesis explores the international and universal utopia of its artists. Stemming from the original notion of Weltverbindung (Ties to the world), this utopia is the source of their thought, their action and their creation, which is at the same time political, social and artistic. By exploring the sources of their revolutionary thought, analyzing the function of the group, studying their figurative and abstract vocabulary from a new point of view or by confronting their own ideology with the ones they fought, this thesis represents an attempt to acknowledge their role among the avant-gardes of the interwar period.

Die Analyse des Standes der Technik zu Simulationsmethoden im Werkzeugentwicklungsprozess zeigt die breiten Bestrebungen ganzheitliche Modelle zur Abbildung der Maschinen- und Werkzeugeigenschaften in der Prozesssimulation zu schaffen um die Werkzeuginbetriebnahme in Zukunft in die virtuelle Welt überführen zu können. Dabei werden die Einflüsse wie die Stößelkippung unter Last, die Durchbiegung der Werkzeugaufspannplatten, die Verformung des Ziehkissens und die elastische Nachgiebigkeit der Werkzeuge separat betrachtet. Es konnte kein Simulationsmodell identifiziert werden, welche alle relevanten Eigenschaften der Werkzeuge und der Maschinen zu einem Gesamtmodell vereint. Zudem fehlten Modellierungsansätze für wesentliche Teilaspekte einer ganzheitlichen Abbildung der Wechselwirkungen von Maschine, Werkzeug und Prozess. Insbesondere ist dabei die systematische Untersuchung zur Abbildung des Pinolentragbildes sowohl örtlich als auch über dem Pressenhub und der versteifende Einfluss der Werkzeugführung zu nennen. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit konnte ein ganzheitliches FE-Prozessmodell mit den wesentlichen elastischen Eigenschaften der Maschine und der Werkzeuge erstellt werden. Wichtig ist dabei insbesondere die systematische Abbildung relevanter mechanischer Ziehkissenstrukturen als Ersatzmodell und die Integration der tatsächlichen Ziehkissenkraft im Prozessmodell. Bekannte Modellierungsansätze wie z.B. die Abbildung der Kippsteifigkeit des Stößelsystems und die Berücksichtigung der Durchbiegung der Werkzeugaufspannplatten wurden weiterentwickelt und in das Gesamtmodell implementiert. Für jedes Ersatzmodell wurde eine Strategie zur Modellerstellung und zur zweckmäßigen Parametrierung mit dem Ziel eines minimalen Zeit- und Kostenaufwandes vorgeschlagen. Die elastische Modellierung der Werkzeuge wurde mit einer systematischen Vorgehensweise hinterlegt und zeigt bei konsequenter Anwendung signifikant reduzierte Berechnungszeiten. Die Berücksichtigung der Ziehstäbe erfolgt in dieser Arbeit aufgrund der Einschränkungen des verwendeten FE-Solvers als Strukturmodell. Zusätzlich wurde ein Modellierungsansatz vorgestellt, welcher die analytische Berücksichtigung der Ziehstäbe auf elastischen Werkzeugstrukturen ermöglicht. Damit steht jetzt ein Prozessmodell mit den relevanten Maschinen- und Werkzeugeigenschaften zur Verfügung, welches durch eine einfache Parametrierung auf die jeweilige Prozess-Maschinen-Konfiguration angepasst werden kann. Dies ermöglicht eine deutlich genauere Abbildung des Pinolentragbildes, der daraus resultierenden Niederhalterdruckverteilung und damit des Materialeinzuges in die Matrize. Dieses erweiterte Prozessmodell ist damit in der Lage eine virtuelle Inbetriebnahme der Werkzeuge zu unterstützen und in Zukunft eine weitere Verkürzung des Inbetriebnahmeprozesses zu ermöglichen.

Com sua ação passada em Cabo Verde, o romance O escravo (1856) de José Evaristo de Almeida está vinculado à história da literatura caboverdiana, sendo considerado por alguns críticos como o primeiro romance nativista daquela literatura. O enfoque aqui proposto procura refletir sobre o seu lugar no âmbito da Literatura Portuguesa, demonstrando que, apesar de ocupar um espaço marginal no sistema literário português, esse romance dialoga, tematicamente, com a literatura européia, na sua relação intertextual com os romances Die Verloburg In St Domingo (O noivado em São Domingos), de Bernd Henrich Von Kleist e Bug- Jargal, de Victor Hugo. / With your action passed in Cabo Verde, The movel the Slave (1856), de José Evaristo de Almeida in entailed at history of the caboverdian literature,considery for any critiques what one nativism movel from that literature. The way of focusing the question there do seek reflected with your position this ambit of Portuguese literature, showing that, althought the occupy one marginal place in this Portuguese literary system, in this movel it dialogue, thematically, with European literary, in its intertextual act of reporting on the movel Die Verloburg In St Domingo (The married in St. Domingo), in Bernd Henrich Von Kleist and Bug-Jargal, in Victor Hugo.

Met und der korrespondierende Ligand HGF/SF sind im hyperproliferativen Epithelium von Hautwunden exprimiert. Aus diesem Grund ist es wahrscheinlich, dass der Rezeptor und sein Ligand in autokriner Weise wechselwirken und wichtige Funktionen für den Heilungsprozess der Haut besitzen. Unter Verwendung der Keratin 14 Cre-Rekombinase konnte ein „Knockout“ des Met-Rezeptors spezifisch in der Epidermis erzielt werden. In der Tat zeigten die Ergebnisse, dass Met für die Re-epithelisierung in Wundschlussprozessen essentiell ist, da in den an der Wundheilung beteiligten Keratinozyten keine Rekombination des Met-Gens stattgefunden hat. In Met-Mausmutanten war der Wundschlussprozess verlangsamt, denn er erfolgte ausschließlich durch wenige Keratinozyten, in denen die Cre-Rekombinase keine Rekombination bewirkte. Met konnte als erstes Gen identifiziert werden, das absolut erforderlich für Re epithelisierungsprozesse von Wunden ist. Diese Arbeit trägt daher wesentlich zum Verständnis der Regulation von Wundheilungsprozessen bei. / Met and its ligand, HGF/SF are expressed in the hyperproliferative epithelium of the wound. This suggests that receptor and ligand may act in an autocrine manner to promote wound healing in the skin. Using Keratin 14 cre recombinase, Met receptor was specifically knockout in the epidermis. In this way, it was demonstrated that Met receptor is essential for wound healing process and that keratinocytes, which contributed to the wound closure were Met-postitive. In the Met mutant mice, wound closure was slightly attenuated, but occurred exclusively by a few keratinocytes that had escaped recombination. Met is therefore the fist gene, which is absolutely required for re-epithelialization of the wound. This finding is fundamental for understanding the regulation of wound healing process.

Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher (A cidade dos livros sonhadores) é um extenso romance escrito em 2004 por Walter Moers. A narrativa se passa no mundo fantástico de Zamonien um lugar habitado por dragões e outras criaturas curiosas e concentra-se na jornada do protagonista Hildegunst von Mythenmetz, um jovem dragão-escritor, o qual encontra um misterioso texto, que seria, segundo sua opinião, a melhor obra já escrita no continente fictício. Ele sai, então, à procura do autor desconhecido daquelas palavras. Sua busca o leva a Buchhaim, a cidade dos livros sonhadores, onde muitas aventuras mas também perigos o aguardam. Moers finge ser apenas o tradutor da língua zamônica e o ilustrador da biografia de Hildegunst von Mythenmetz, que seria o verdadeiro autor de Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher. Logo após a publicação do romance, os fãs de Moers ocuparam-se em decifrar charadas que fazem referência a obras literárias e autores conhecidos. O livro tornou-se, então, uma narrativa fantástica sobre a literatura e o mundo literário. O presente trabalho pretende analisar a estrutura narrativa de Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher, especialmente o aspecto da metaficcionalidade. Para tanto, será apresentado, primeiramente, um breve resumo do enredo. Em seguida, ocuparemo-nos com as principais características do gênero da Fantasy, procurando encontrar exemplos no romance dos aspectos constitutivos desse gênero. Por fim, serão analisados diferentes elementos metaficcionais encontrados na obra, com o intuito de demonstrar o jogo que o autor faz com a ficcionalidade. O romance de Moers lida de forma irônica e parodística com a questão do limite entre ficção e realidade, que ocupa parte da crítica literária. Essa temática desenvolve-se em um jogo, no qual um dinossauro é autor de um bestseller e concede entrevistar à mídia alemã (FAZ e ZDF). O humor é, sem dúvida, a característica mais marcante de Walter Moers. O principal objetivo desse trabalho consiste, por fim, em investigar a relação entre a metaficcionalidade e o sucesso que o romance encontrou entre um público tão diversificado. / Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher (The city of dreaming books) is a novel written in 2004 by Walter Moers. The narrative takes place in the fantastic world of Zamonien a place inhabited by dragons and other curious creatures and focuses on the journey of the protagonist Hildegunst von Mythenmetz, a young dragon-writer, who finds a mysterious text, which would be, according to his opinion, the best book ever written on the fictional continent. He starts a journey looking for the unknown author of those words. His quest leads him to \"Buchhaim\", the city of dreaming books, where many adventures but also dangers wait for him. Moers pretends to be only the translator of the \"zamonia language\" and the illustrator of the biography of Hildegunst von Mythenmetz, which would be the true author of Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher. Shortly after the publication of the novel, fans of Moers tried to decipher the riddles of literary pieces and unknown authors references within the story. The book became, then, a fantastic narrative about the literature and the literary world. This work intends to analyze the narrative structure of Die Stadt der träumenden Bücher, especially the aspect of metafictionality. Therefore, will be presented, firstly, a brief resume of the story. Then we will analyze the main characteristics of the genre of Fantasy, trying to identify examples in the novel which establishes this genre. Finally, we will analyze distinctive metafictional elements found in the work, in order to demonstrate the tricks that the author makes with fictionality. Moers\'s novel deals in an ironic and parodistic way with the question of the boundaries between fiction and reality, which occupies part of the literary critic. This theme takes its course in a game in which a dinosaur is the author of a best-seller and agrees to be interviewed by German media (FAZ and ZDF). The humor is undoubtedly the most remarkable characteristic of Walter Moers. The main purpose of this work is to investigate the connections between the metafictionality and the huge success of the novel, which reached such a diversified audience.

This work developed a process to provide physical, electrical, and environmental protection to the electrical lead system of an optical switch device. A literature review was conducted to find materials and processes suitable to the stress-sensitive, high voltage characteristics of many optical switch devices. An automatic dispensing dam and fill process, and three candidate materials (two epoxy and one silicone) were selected for investigation. Experimental and analytical techniques were used to evaluate the materials. Methods applied included interferometric die warpage measurements, electrochemical migration resistance tests (ECMT), thermal cycling, and finite element analysis. The silicone dam and fill system was selected based upon the results of die warpage and electrochemical migration resistance tests. A modified, selective dam and fill process was developed and preliminary reliability testing was performed. The paper provides detailed instructions for successful encapsulation of the optical switch's lead system.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:47:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ieda Maria Caricari Cipriani.pdf: 8166649 bytes, checksum: 0a4ef4c859262d5b317217000487ed9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-08 / Elective Affinities (Die Wahlverwandtschaften, 1809) by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is an imbricated novel, elaborated by symbols repeated throughout the narrative, which build a complex and organized structure. The essential element for the organization of this novel is inserted narratives: Ottilie's diary, the tableaus and the novel Die Wunderlichen Nachbarskinder , which constitute the main narrative. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to analyze how these inserted narratives are grafted in the novel, what is the relationship between the main narrative and inserted narratives and how they work in the novel. The study is done as a Close Reading, that finds significant interrelationships of the main narrative in the inserted narratives and vice versa. The theories of Barthes and Bachelard provide a fresh look at the Goethean work and were used as theoretical foundation of this thesis. / As afinidades eletivas (Die Wahlverwandtschaften, 1809) de Johann Wolfgang von Goethe é um romance todo imbricado, elaborado por símbolos reiterados ao longo da narrativa, que constroem uma estrutura complexa e organizada. O elemento essencial para a organização deste romance são as narrativas enquadradas: o diário de Ottilie, os quadros vivos e a novela Die Wunderlichen Nachbarskinder, que constituem a narrativa maior. O objetivo desta tese de doutorado é analisar como essas narrativas enquadradas são enxertadas no romance, qual a relação da narrativa maior com as narrativas menores e como elas funcionam no romance. O estudo é feito como uma Close Reading, uma leitura atenta que encontra inter-relações significativas da narrativa maior nas narrativas enquadradas e vice versa. As teorias de Barthes e de Bachelard proporcionam um novo olhar para a obra Goethiana e foram utilizadas como alicerce teórico desta tese.

L’écologie est un courant de pensée critique à l’encontre des sociétés industrialisées qui se développe dans la seconde moitié du XXème siècle en Occident. En tant que mouvement social, les écologistes cherchent à définir les règles d’une société plus respectueuse de l’environnement et du cadre de vie ; en tant que courant politique, leurs réflexions ont pour but de proposer un autre modèle de société. Entre 1960 et 1990, la France et l’Allemagne présentent des similitudes en matière de prise de conscience environnementale au sein de la population et au niveau de l’arrivée de l’écologie sur la scène politique. Une analyse comparative plus précise dévoile toutefois des caractéristiques historiques, économiques, sociales, politiques et institutionnelles ainsi que culturelles et mentales propres à chaque pays qui permettent de souligner des divergences importantes dans ces domaines et d’expliquer les clichés se rapportant à une Allemagne romantique, sensible à la protection de la biosphère, et une France cartésienne, négligente sur le plan environnemental. / Ecology is a critical current of thought towards industrialized societies, which spreads throughout the Western countries in the second half of the 20th century. As a social movement, Ecologists try to set the rules of a society more respectful of the environment and the living conditions ; as a political movement, they offer a new model for society. Between 1960 and 1990, France and Germany present similarities regarding a growing sensitivity towards the environemental issues in their populations and the progressive accession of ecology to the political stage. A more detailed analysis nevertheless reveals historical, economical, social, political and institutional as well as cultural and mental characteristics peculiar to each country underlining important differences in these fields and explaining the clichés about a romantic Germany concerned with the need to preserve the biosphere and a Cartesian France ignoring the environment.

As the mobile electronic products development are more and more popular such as mobile phone, digital camera, PDA¡Ketc. Each of company releases variable kind of mobile products, and every portable machine has plenty of functions. A low power consumption design is a significant issue which academics and engineers concern. It would be a major progress if the approach which can drop off the power consumption successfully. The mobile electronic products have more application programs than before and the size of LCD increases continuously, so that the power consumption becomes large. Therefore, expanding the life of battery would be a significant issue. Besides, the process technology has improved day by day, and it would influence the supply voltage be declined. It represents the power management would influence the power consumption of circuit directly. Comparing to drop down the entire IC power consumption and not to influence the performance of IC, the thesis employs the algorithm that searches the Critical Path and embeds the Level Converter Logic into digital circuit. It can offer the proper supply voltage to circuits which do not want to bigger supply voltage for reduce power consumption. However, the process variation (Inter-Die or Intra-Die) may transform the original Critical Path, the Critical Path which searches through the static timing analysis would not correct. To conquer this problem, the thesis provides the statistical approach to analysis timing. It would search Path Sensitivity which is exactly equal to the probability that a path is critical. Finally, the logic gate which is designed by us would replace the UMC 90nm standard cell through Cell-Based.