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In the current environment of standardized testing, school library programs can support the preservation and improvement of the U.S. constitutional democracy. Participants are introduced or re-familiarized with neglected civics education standards, assess collections with regard to implementation of these standards and learn of print and digital resources conducive to civics education instruction and collaboration.

Strategic planning is a critical issue for higher education academic libraries, especially in developing countries like Ghana, due to limited financial resources and the rapid change in the information environment during the last several decades. Theory-testing case study methodology was used in this thesis to examine strategy formulation and implementation in building the digital collections of the University of Cape Coast Library (UCCL) in Ghana. The main question the study attempted to answer was how did the DL strategic formulation and implementation processes used by the UCC in building its digital collections compare with the Mintzberg’s strategic formulation and implementation framework? The instruments used for data collection were the key informant interview technique and document reviews. The results showed that, during the formulation phase, two aspects (resources and aspirations of senior management) were emergent. During the implementation phase, five aspects (achieving results, processes and behaviour, standards, motivation, and personal) were emergent. All other elements of building the UCC digital collections were planned during both the formulation and implementation phases. Although the basic technical architecture for the digital library is in place, inconsistency between organizational objectives and the values of the management group was identified as a problem in strategy formulation. Digital library staff reported that cost of using Information Communications Technology (ICT) facilities, frequency of power outage, obsolete digitization equipment, interconnectivity problems, and high cost of internet connectivity inhibited their work and regular student access to digital collections. Although the emphasis on students and learning is laudable and apt, there seems to be lack of focus on research support beyond digital collection building, despite the fact that research excellence is one of the UCC’s key priorities. Opportunities exist for improving feedback mechanisms between the users, digital library staff and the university management; and inclusion of social media tools in the digital library project. / Program: Masterprogram: Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap, Digitala bibliotek och informationstjänster

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:43:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Maria Oliveira Araujo.pdf: 52133006 bytes, checksum: e885f484f4306b9d7538e1ec6fc2c3f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-22 / This dissertation proposes an analysis on the digitalization of visual artworks collections, understood as collections of traditional art s objects such as paintings, sculptures, prints and drawings starting from the decision to reproduce this artwork in a digital object up to the final view on virtual environment as the internet. During the studies it is observed that a collection digitalization, regardless of its nature, is more than an ordinary digital conversion, requiring an structured process that impacts systemically, functionally and organizationally all levels of the institution that decides to adhere to digital technologies. Therefore, the artworks collections digitalization goes beyond the issues inherent to scan text documents widespread in libraries. The visual objects (artworks) with its aesthetic contextualization must be subject to reproduction and digitalization processes that consider its intrinsic elements and oriented interfaces to promote users experience. Eventually, the transposition of the museum institutions responsibility as cultural heritage curators of society to a relevant channel for the democratization of information and knowledge diffusion proves to be a reality, a new path with no return. / Esta dissertação propõe uma reflexão sobre a digitalização de acervos de obras de artes visuais, entendidos como coleções de objetos tradicionais da arte tais como pinturas, esculturas, gravuras e desenhos. A trajetória de digitalização desde a decisão da reprodução da obra de arte em um objeto digital à visualização dele em um ambiente virtual como a internet. Ao longo dos estudos observa-se que a digitalização de um acervo, independente de sua natureza, é mais que um processo técnico de conversão digital pois representa um processo estruturado e estratégico que impacta sistemicamente, funcionalmente e organizacionalmente a instituição que decide aderir às tecnologias digitais, ou seja, a digitalização de obras de artes visuais extrapola as questões inerentes à digitalização de documentos textuais praticados em bibliotecas, os objetos visuais (as obras de arte) com seus potenciais estéticos, devem ser pensados a partir de processos de reprodução e de visualização que considerem estes elementos, como através de interfaces esteticamente elaboradas que envolvam os usuários. Constata-se, ao final, que a transposição do papel da instituição museológica de cuidadora do patrimônio cultural da sociedade na qual está inserida para o de canal de democratização da informação e difusão do conhecimento mostra-se uma realidade, um caminho sem volta.

Automatic language identification has been applied to short texts such as queries in information retrieval, but it has not yet been applied to metadata records. Applying this technology to metadata records, particularly their title elements, would enable creators of metadata records to obtain a value for the language element, which is often left blank due to a lack of linguistic expertise. It would also enable the addition of the language value to existing metadata records that currently lack a language value. Titles lend themselves to the problem of language identification mainly due to their shortness, a factor which increases the difficulty of accurately identifying a language. This study implemented four proven approaches to language identification as well as one open-source approach on a collection of multilingual titles of books and movies. Of the five approaches considered, a reduced N-gram frequency profile and distance measure approach outperformed all others, accurately identifying over 83% of all titles in the collection. Future plans are to offer this technology to curators of digital collections for use.

Personal media collections are becoming increasingly digitised with physical representations of music, film, games and books being replaced by virtual counterparts. Through qualitative fieldwork, this thesis examines the relationship that people have with traditional collections, and therein seeks to outline the aspects of which we find to be meaningful and enjoyable. Furthermore, this project attempts to apply these qualities to the design of digital media collection services. The research reveals that elements pertaining to identity, curation, presence, sharing, preservation and status are key. In addition to the fieldwork, a market analysis of current digital media collection services is carried out and drawn upon in the development of a design concept. The concept is used as a platform to discuss potential solutions addressing the unfavourable characteristics of digital media collections.

De plus en plus d’environnements en ligne dédiés à la diffusion du savoir intègrent la vidéo dans leurs corpus multimédia. Par rapport au texte ou à l’image statique ou animée, la vidéo a encore peu fait l’objet d’études scientifiques en psychologie et ergonomie cognitive. La recherche de vidéo s’inscrit dans le contexte de la recherche d’information. Le cadre théorique de cette thèse est celui de l’Information Foraging (Pirolli & Card, 1999) qui conçoit la recherche d’information dans un environnement stochastique, fondée sur une fouille construite à partir de l’information intermédiaire de l’environnement. L’objectif principal de la thèse repose sur l’apport de connaissances sur les usagers, avec pour hypothèse initiale, la coexistence d’une diversité de buts de recherche de vidéos dont une meilleure connaissance permettrait de contribuer à l’amélioration de l’environnement. Une étude exploratoire utilisant une approche multi-méthodologique a été effectuée sur une plateforme audiovisuelle dont le corpus est ancré dans l’enseignement supérieur et la recherche et un musée virtuel dédié à l’histoire de la justice des crimes et des peines qui dispose d’un corpus multimédia. Les résultats montrent que les difficultés liées à la publication et aux conditions de mise en ligne des vidéos impactent directement la recherche de l’usager et qu’il s’avère pertinent de distinguer le média du document audiovisuel. La caractéristique commune aux deux dispositifs étudiés repose sur une fréquentation majoritaire représentée par des usagers cherchant à se cultiver qui questionne directement l’intérêt et l’usage de la vidéo en tant que véhicule de connaissances pour des buts spécifiques. / More and more online environments dedicated to the dissemination of academic knowledge are integrating videos into their multimedia corpus. Compared to static or animated text or graphics, video usability has not yet been the object of scientific studies in psychology and cognitive ergonomics. Video search is part of the information seeking process. The theoretical framework of this dissertation is the Information Foraging theory (Pirolli & Card, 1999), which describes information seeking in a stochastic environment, based on a search built on intermediary information. Our main goal is to provide knowledge about users, with the initial hypothesis that a variety of video-seeking goals can coexist among users. This knowledge can help improve the usability of online environments.An exploratory study using a multi-methodological approach was carried out on the usability of an audiovisual online platform for higher education and research and on a multimedia virtual museum dedicated to the history of crime justice and punishments. The results show that: (a) the difficulties related to online video publishing directly impact video search on the user side, (b) it is relevant to distinguish the video as a media from the audiovisual document. The characteristic common to both platforms is that a majority of users use the platform as a way to educate themselves, which directly questions the interest and use of video as a vehicle of knowledge acquisition for specific purposes.

Estudo comparativo das propostas da Web Semântica e da Web Pragmática, com base nas teorias da organização e recuperação de informações, com o objetivo de propor uma modelagem de representação de dados, que inclua contextos, para melhorar a qualidade dos processos informacionais. Dirige-se o foco da pesquisa aos problemas da representação e recuperação de informações em acervos bibliográficos, principalmente com o uso de RDF e Topic Maps. Para isso, são apresentadas as origens da Web Semântica e da Web Pragmática e os conceitos fundamentais relacionados a esse ambiente, tais como linguagem, representação e recuperação da informação e do conhecimento; termos e terminologia; semântica e pragmática. A metodologia do trabalho foi construída a partir da análise e discussão dos conceitos fundamentais, a modelagem em Diagrama Entidade-Relacionamento e a codificação em RDF e XTM para representar contextos, aplicados a um repositório de textos científicos. Com base na análise crítica das propostas de organização e recuperação de informação das Web Semântica e Web Pragmática, apresenta-se uma proposta de representação de informações com contexto que poderá contribuir para melhorar a relevância dos resultados da recuperação de informações na WWW. Os contextos representados são: Citações, Domínio de Origem do Documento, Domínio da Palavra-Chave, Áreas de Formação do Indivíduo, Áreas de Publicação do Indivíduo, Áreas de Publicação da Revista e Interesses do Indivíduo. A pesquisa permitiu observar que há limites para introduzir contextos em sistemas de informação e compreender, também, que termos como semântica e pragmática requerem abordagem crítica. De fato, a operacionalização de conceitos semânticos e pragmáticos ainda está longe de ser realidade nos sistemas de informação contemporâneos no contexto da www. É importante ressaltar que a presente pesquisa tem cunho interdisciplinar por abordar problemas discutidos tanto na Ciência da Computação como na Ciência da Informação. Esta abordagem interdisciplinar ocorre, em primeiro lugar, porque o objeto de pesquisa, embora tenha origem na Ciência da Computação, requer as teorias e métodos da representação da informação estudados na Ciência da Informação para ser desenvolvido de forma adequada. / Comparative study of the proposals of the Semantic Web and Pragmatic Web, based on the information organization and retrieval studies, in order to propose a model that includes contexts to improve the quality of information retrieval processes. Information representation and retrieval in library collections are the focus of the approach, especially with the use of RDF and Topic Maps. For the development of this research, the origins of the Semantic Web and Pragmatic Web and its fundamental concepts such as language, information and knowledge representation and retrieval; terms and terminology; semantics and pragmatics were discussed. The methodology of this work consisted of the analysis and discussion of key concepts, such as Entity-Relationship Diagram modeling and encoding in RDF and XTM to represent contexts, applied to a repository of scientific texts. Based on the critical analysis of proposed information organization and retrieval from the Semantic Web and Pragmatic Web, it is proposed an information representation with context that could improve the of relevance of the results of information retrieval processes in WWW. The contexts represented were: Quotation, Document Source Domain, Keyword Domain, Person\'s Education Areas, Person\'s Publication Areas, Journal\'s Publication Areas and Person\'s Interests. This research allowed to undestand that there are limits to introduce contexts in information systems and that terms such as semantic and pragmatic require critical approach. Indeed, the operationalization of semantic and pragmatic concepts is still far from reality in contemporary information systems in the context of www. This research has interdisciplinary nature by addressing problems discussed both in Computer Science and in Information Science. The interdisciplinary approach was adopted because the object of research, although originated in Computer Science requires the to be appropriately developed, theories and methods of information representation studied in Information Science.

Estudo comparativo das propostas da Web Semântica e da Web Pragmática, com base nas teorias da organização e recuperação de informações, com o objetivo de propor uma modelagem de representação de dados, que inclua contextos, para melhorar a qualidade dos processos informacionais. Dirige-se o foco da pesquisa aos problemas da representação e recuperação de informações em acervos bibliográficos, principalmente com o uso de RDF e Topic Maps. Para isso, são apresentadas as origens da Web Semântica e da Web Pragmática e os conceitos fundamentais relacionados a esse ambiente, tais como linguagem, representação e recuperação da informação e do conhecimento; termos e terminologia; semântica e pragmática. A metodologia do trabalho foi construída a partir da análise e discussão dos conceitos fundamentais, a modelagem em Diagrama Entidade-Relacionamento e a codificação em RDF e XTM para representar contextos, aplicados a um repositório de textos científicos. Com base na análise crítica das propostas de organização e recuperação de informação das Web Semântica e Web Pragmática, apresenta-se uma proposta de representação de informações com contexto que poderá contribuir para melhorar a relevância dos resultados da recuperação de informações na WWW. Os contextos representados são: Citações, Domínio de Origem do Documento, Domínio da Palavra-Chave, Áreas de Formação do Indivíduo, Áreas de Publicação do Indivíduo, Áreas de Publicação da Revista e Interesses do Indivíduo. A pesquisa permitiu observar que há limites para introduzir contextos em sistemas de informação e compreender, também, que termos como semântica e pragmática requerem abordagem crítica. De fato, a operacionalização de conceitos semânticos e pragmáticos ainda está longe de ser realidade nos sistemas de informação contemporâneos no contexto da www. É importante ressaltar que a presente pesquisa tem cunho interdisciplinar por abordar problemas discutidos tanto na Ciência da Computação como na Ciência da Informação. Esta abordagem interdisciplinar ocorre, em primeiro lugar, porque o objeto de pesquisa, embora tenha origem na Ciência da Computação, requer as teorias e métodos da representação da informação estudados na Ciência da Informação para ser desenvolvido de forma adequada. / Comparative study of the proposals of the Semantic Web and Pragmatic Web, based on the information organization and retrieval studies, in order to propose a model that includes contexts to improve the quality of information retrieval processes. Information representation and retrieval in library collections are the focus of the approach, especially with the use of RDF and Topic Maps. For the development of this research, the origins of the Semantic Web and Pragmatic Web and its fundamental concepts such as language, information and knowledge representation and retrieval; terms and terminology; semantics and pragmatics were discussed. The methodology of this work consisted of the analysis and discussion of key concepts, such as Entity-Relationship Diagram modeling and encoding in RDF and XTM to represent contexts, applied to a repository of scientific texts. Based on the critical analysis of proposed information organization and retrieval from the Semantic Web and Pragmatic Web, it is proposed an information representation with context that could improve the of relevance of the results of information retrieval processes in WWW. The contexts represented were: Quotation, Document Source Domain, Keyword Domain, Person\'s Education Areas, Person\'s Publication Areas, Journal\'s Publication Areas and Person\'s Interests. This research allowed to undestand that there are limits to introduce contexts in information systems and that terms such as semantic and pragmatic require critical approach. Indeed, the operationalization of semantic and pragmatic concepts is still far from reality in contemporary information systems in the context of www. This research has interdisciplinary nature by addressing problems discussed both in Computer Science and in Information Science. The interdisciplinary approach was adopted because the object of research, although originated in Computer Science requires the to be appropriately developed, theories and methods of information representation studied in Information Science.

Denna kvalitativa studie av digitala samlingar pp Instagram genomfördes med metodkombinationen enkät, intervju och kompositionell tolkning. Studien ämnade undersöka digitalt samlande och vad som styr Instagramanvändares samlande av digitala artefakter. Med insamlat material, läsning av gestaltpsykologi, Bourdieus kapitalbegrepp, sociala medier och digitala samlingar har studien siktat på att skapa ett kunskapsbidrag som ska bredda förståelsen för varför och hur vi samlar digitalt samt hur det påverkar grafisk design-, reklam- och kommunikationsbransch. Studien nådde slutsatsen att publika och privata samlingar på Instagram till största del inte har estetiskt orienterade samband, men att Instagramanvändare har dessa tankegångar nära till hands vid byggandet av sin digitala publika samling. Dessa estetiskt orienterade tankegångarna är mer närvarande i det publika flödet än i det dolda. / This qualitative study was carried out using method combination of survey, interview and compositional interpretation of digital collections on Instagram. The study investigates digital collections and what governs Instagram-users’ collecting of digital artifacts. With the collected material, readings of gestalt psychology, Bourdieu’s theory of capital, social media and digital collections the study aimed to contribute to our understanding of why and how we collect digitally as well as how it affects the graphic design-, advertising- and communication industry. The study came to the conclusion that public and private collections often do not have aesthetically oriented connections, but that Instagram-users have these reasonings close to heart while building their public digital collection. These aesthetically oriented thoughts are more present in the public feed than in the hidden feed.