[pt] A pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender aspectos do processo formativo de oito professores de Educação Infantil que buscam desenvolver práticas pedagógicas em coerência com concepções de crianças enquanto sujeitos de direitos, social e historicamente situados, competentes em suas formas múltiplas de interagir e produzir cultura. O quê, em suas trajetórias formativas, vem favorecendo a aproximação entre a docência e as especificidades das crianças? Análise de relatórios de avaliação das crianças e entrevistas com os professores foram as duas estratégias metodológicas utilizadas. Relatórios são instrumentos de avaliação considerados documentação pedagógica: como o olhar docente se constitui ao documentar o percurso de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem das crianças? O que os professores compartilham nesses documentos sobre suas percepções das crianças? Analisando o documento como monumento, conforme sugere Jaques Le Goff (1996), verifico que os relatórios ora monumentalizam as culturas escolares, ora as culturas infantis, apontando para a coexistência tensionada de ambas perspectivas nas instituições de Educação Infantil. As análises revelam que as premissas institucionais e as condições de trabalho interferem de maneira relevante na produção dos relatórios. Já as narrativas docentes que emergiram das entrevistas referem-se à formação de maneira ampla, envolvendo experiências diversificadas: pessoais e profissionais. A dimensão pessoal, relacional e experiencial da docência e dos saberes docentes sobressaem como aspectos fundamentais da formação de determinada profissionalidade sensível à infância, que não se encerra em conhecimentos acadêmico-científicos e demanda, também, processos formativos que mobilizam a pessoa integralmente, nutrem e sensibilizam às linguagens da infância, apontando para a essencialidade das experiências estéticas na formação desses professores de Educação Infantil. / [en] The research aims to understand what aspects of eight teacher s trainning processes whose practices are tuned with the conception of children as subjects with rights, historically and socially situated, legitimate in their own ways to interact and create culture, helps to aline teaching skills and childhood. Two methodological strategies were used in order to achieve this objective: analyses of children s evaluation reports and interviews with the teachers. The reports are instruments to evaluate the children s learning processes and development, considered pedagogical documentation. Does the process documentation about each child, allows the teacher to build up an specific way to perceive them? What do the teacher share, in these documents, about the way they perceive the children? Accordingly to Jaques Le Goff (1996) who suggests that document is monument, the analyses shows that the reports sometimes monumentalizes the school culture, and other times they monumentalize the children s culture. It reveals that both perspectives are conflictingly present in the institutions of child education. The analyses reveals that the institution s perspective and the work conditions are determinant of the way the report s are elaborated. Meanwhile, the theacher s narratives that emerges from the interviews reveals their training processes in a broad perspective: personal and professional. Personal, relational and experiential dimensions of the teacher s work and knowledge stands out as fundamental aspects of a training process that builds up professionals sensible to childhood. It demands not only theoretical knowlwdge and technical skills, but envolves the person multidimensinally in order to nourishe their sensitiveness to understand and approach the children s multiple languages, pointing out to the essenciality of the aesthetic experiences on these teacher s learning processes.

A proposta da presente dissertação é analisar as ativações patrimoniais realizadas por empresas privadas brasileiras nas décadas de 1990 e 2000, focando o caso do Grupo Gerdau, no intuito de compreender as memórias e as identidades que tais práticas pretenderam construir. A década de 1990 caracterizou-se por um aumento do interesse e investimento em patrimônio histórico e cultural tanto no Brasil como em vários outros países do mundo, fenômeno nomeado por François Hartog como “patrimonialização galopante dos anos noventa”. Esse aumento não se manifesta apenas no âmbito público do Estado – o principal investidor em patrimônio desde o século XIX – mas, especialmente, entre movimentos sociais e empresas privadas, as quais são enfocadas nesta pesquisa. Foram selecionadas as principais empresas privadas do Brasil que fizeram grandes investimentos desta natureza, constituindo centros de documentação e memória, além de investirem em museus, exposições, publicações de livros, folhetos ou site na internet, entre outros meios de registro, e exibição de uma determinada versão sobre seu passado, enfatizando o caso Centro de Documentação e Memória Gerdau, considerado exemplar neste processo. Os registros acerca da constituição de centros de documentação e memória e as publicações geradas por estes centros são as principais fontes desta pesquisa. Os conceitos de representação, identidade, memória e patrimônio norteiam as análises realizadas. / The purpose of this research is to analyze the actions towards Cultural and Historical Heritage executed by private companies during the years of 1990 and 2000 in Brazil. More specifically, this study focused at Grupo Gerdau Enterprise in order to understand the memories and identities that its actions intended to create. The 1990s was a decade characterized by the increasing interest and investment in cultural and historical patrimony in Brazil as in many others countries in the world, creating a phenomenon called by François Hartog as “galloping patrimonialization of the 90’s”. This phenomenon is not only manifested in the public ambit of the state – the main investor in patrimony since the XIX century – but especially between social movements and private companies, which are the target of this research. Were selected the main private companies of Brazil which made significant investments, building documental and memory centers and investing in museums, exhibitions, book publishing, leaflets, website and so on, all depicting a particular version of the institutions’ past, emphasizing the case of Grupo Gerdau Documentation and Memory Center, considered as an example in this process. This research draws upon a selection of sources, such as records from the formation of documentation and memory centers and also written material published by these centers. The main concepts which guide this study are representation, identity, memory and cultural heritage.

The master thesis examines quality management in the company MOTOR JIKOV Strojírenská a.s. First, the system of quality management is described theoretically and this knowledge is then utilized to evaluate the selected company. Accordingly, measures for further improvement are proposed concerning new product development, application of specific methods and exploration of customers? satisfaction.

Now that the nursing process, along with good-quality nursing documentation, is being introduced into all areas of patient care, the need arises to document work of perioperative nurses in the operating theatre. Perioperative documentation is entirely different from nursing documentation, not only in terms of processing but also in terms of scope.This thesis consists of two parts: Theoretical and Empirical. The Theoretical focuses on the general issue of medical documentation used at the various hospital departments. The aim of the work was to (1) map current situation in the area of perioperative documentation at selected hospitals; (2) ascertain which components perioperative documentation is composed of; (3) find the opinion of nurses on the use of perioperative documentation; and (4) set up perioperative documentation. The research part of the thesis was a combination of quantitative and qualitative survey. For the quantitative survey, questionnaires were prepared and distributed to perioperative nurses working in operating theatres of hospitals throughout the Czech Republic. Two hypotheses were proposed. 1. Perioperative documentation is maintained at operating theatres. 2. Nurses consider perioperative documentation useful. Qualitative examination consisted in comparative analysis of perioperative documentation folders. The research set consisted of six perioperative documentation folders obtained from hospitals throughout the Czech Republic. Answers to the following three questions were sought: (1) Is perioperative documentation used at operating theatres? (2) Which parts is perioperative documentation composed of? (3) Does perioperative documentation comply with applicable legislation? The results were analyzed and processed into tables and graphs. The results show that nurses use perioperative documentation at operating theatres. From the research it follows that the processing of the perioperative folders is not fully compliant with applicable legislation. Although mandatory data are included in the vast majority of perioperative folders, the nursing process, as the information which is most important for nursing care, is missing from all of the perioperative folders analyzed. Despite this, nurses consider perioperative documentation useful, not only from the medical aspect but also from the legal, financial and informative aspects. The results of this research may stimulate creation of a unified model of perioperative documentation. This work may also serve as information material for students of medical disciplines.

Subject matter of the thesis is Use of the triage method in emergency events and its importance among selected bodies of the integrated rescue system. It contains both teoretical and research parts. Theoretical part includes definition of emergency events and definition of mass disaster. It also mentions organizations, which help to deal with these events. But the main point of the thesis is formed by triage issues in terms of its history, elementary distribution and putting the most frequently used methods. An important chapter is a description of the documentation associated with issues, especially triage and identification cards from the perspective of emergency medical services and fire protection units. The last point of the theoretical part is the mention of traumatology planning. The research part sets out three hypotheses, which focus on finding a theoretical readiness among selected bodies of the integrated rescue system. The first presupposition was that the knowledge of the staff of medical rescue services is better than knowledge of the members of other selected bodies. The remaining hypotheses put the same requirements, but in terms of lenght of employment of selected workers in integrated rescue system. Better knowledge is expected for the longer-acting staff and for staff, who have some experience with triage issues. Chapter also describes the statistical method which enabled the confirmation or refutation of the hypotheses - pair t-test. The methodology describes the method of data collection by using questionnaire, describes used statistical methods, provides basic empirical parameters and their comparison. The result of this comparison was expressed in percentage. The result of data processing from secondary sources was to determining that examined issue in the Czech Republic is very fragmented, in terms of used methods and documentation. Data needed to confirm hypotheses was collected from the staff of emergency medical services, fire rescue units and volunteer firefighters. Only a single hypothesis was confirmed. Theoretical knowledge of the staff of emergency medical services is not better than the knowledge of the other selected bodies. It is very similar to knowledge of staff of fire rescue units. However members of volunteer firefighters have the worst triage knowledge. Another finding was that lenght of employment of workers of ambulance components doesn´t affects the quality of their theoretical preparedness. Empirical research identified knowledges approximately the same. On the contrary, previous experience affects the degree of this knowledge. This assertion is based on the fact that workers from examined bodies, who had to solve real or training emergency events, by triage methods, have better degree of theoretical knowledge. The objective of the thesis was, besides process determination of the theoretical knowledge and hypotheses also identification of weaknesses in triage knowledge of workers from selected bodies and determination methods for their correction. Therefore, based on the results, was created a graphic manual procedure for triage in emergency events. It was created as a learning tool to deepen the knowledge or as a reminder tool of triage procedure for training or real situations. It is designed for all workers, especially for members of volunteer fire units, or other people, who are interested in this issue. Conclusion of the thesis includes suggestion for correction of some of the weaknesses identified in the theoretical readiness of employees or members of integrated rescue system, especially units of volunteer firefighters. This objective can be achieved by better access to educational materials, exchange of expertise focused on this issue and the possibility of greater participation of mass casualties training with other bodies of integrated rescue system.

The thesis describes the issue of emergency preparedness and protection of the inhabitants in the National Corporation Budweiser Budvar during the release of hazardous substances. The thesis is focused on important aspects that determine the drafting of emergency documentation. One of aspects is the amount of hazardous chemical - ammonia. The total ammonia content in the object is 22 tons. This amount is according to the Act No. 59/2006 Coll., concerning prevention of major accidents as a sub-limit amount and not as an object into group A or B. On these not-classified resources are not subject to some duties under this Act, especially the obligation to prepare an emergency documentation (except where the regional authority include in the emergency plan then must provide and update the required documents). This paper doesn´t discuss by the massive leakage of 22 tons of ammonia. On the basis of analyzes were identified two sources of the risk. The first is a reservoir about the content of 10 tons which is located on the roof of the engine room. Maximum real filling is around 6 tons. The second source of risk is an expansion tank about the content of 14 tons, which is located in the building with cylinderconicals tanks (CKT). Considered fulfillment of the expansion vessel is about 7 tons. Although in this case is not about buildings and facility in which is treated with such a amount of dangerous chemical substances, which would belonged to the relevant group, I will perform available analysis according to a regulations issued or supportively used to analysis and risk assessment in according to the Act No. 59/2006 Coll., concerning prevention of major accidents. Harmful effects of ammonia are another important aspect. According to the Notice of the Ministry of Interior No. 103/2006 Coll., concerning establish principles defining the emergency planning zone and the extent and method of preparation of an external emergency plan, ammonia is taken as moderately toxic substance that irritates the eyes, mucous membranes, and in high concentrations can cause death. The great advantage from the point of view of the protection inhabitants are the warning properties. Characteristic pungency is already known in very weak concentrations. Also disposal of hazardous concentrations isn't technologically challenging, due to its solubility in the water. Another dangerous effect, except the toxicity is its explosiveness (explosive limit from 15 to 28 %) and flammability. Fortunately controlled condensing pressure prevents ignition and explosion of ammonia. Risk of the explosion and ignition of ammonia isn´t analyzed in this thesis, because the range of effects caused by leakage of several tons, is from a toxicological point of view more threatening. Impacts of hazardous concentrations aren´t threat only for people but also for animals and the environment. The thesis focuses on the analysis and evaluation of risks. The results of this research are an important element of the draft of emergency documentation. During the processing is calculated with methods IAEA-TECDOC-727, Dow's Chemical Exposure Index, Estimation of toxicity and software modeling program ALOHA. Further research is being done by brainstorming and semi-standardized interviews with employees of the company. In conclusion of the thesis is appropriate the drafting of emergency cards and emergency documentation (although not in range under the Act of concerning prevention of major accidents), according to which the reaction proceeded for any leakage of dangerous chemicals (ammonia) into the environment and the protection of workers which occur at the public premises or in the premises of the zone of impact of ammonia spilled outside the area Budweiser Budvar, NC. The use of the draft of emergency documentation is also conditioned by the location of the object in relatively densely populated areas of the county town of České Budějovice.

Current state: The treatment of chronic wounds is a complex process which is applied in the form of different interventions by nurses in the general practitioner's office for adults and nurses from the surgical outpatient clinic. The treatment is influenced by different equipment used in particular offices, by the presence or absence of the interest in implementing modern methods and, of course, by poor participation of health insurance companies as regards the problem in question. The treatment of chronic wounds should be accomplished by completing all the phases of the nursing process. It is necessary to seek for motivation towards further education in this field. Pursuing moist wound healing is mostly cheaper as it makes the treatment shorter, which leads to patient's satisfaction. Objectives: The objective of the thesis was to evaluate the nursing process applied during the treatment of chronic wounds in the general practitioner's office for adults and the surgical outpatient clinic, as well as observe the influence of education on the nurse's professional performance regarding this treatment. The research included the analysis of the competencies of nurses in the treatment of chronic wounds and the treatment methods chosen by the nurses to benefit the patient. Last but not least, we observed the circumstances of the admission of a nurse specialist as a GP's partner for chronic wounds treatment, and the obstacles to moist wound healing implementation in the GP's office for adults and the surgical outpatient clinic. Methods: To compare the treatment of chronic wounds in the general practitioner's office for adults and the surgical outpatient department we carried out qualitative research investigation. Data collection was based on in-depth interview with prepared open questions. The interviews were recorded by voice recorder, transcribed literally and subsequently analysed. When analysing the transcripts, we used the method of open coding, by the technique "pencil and paper". The text of the dialogues was reduced and segmented into individual codes. On the basis of similarity, the codes were classified in analytical units. The categories were classified into schemes by means of SmartArt programme in Microsoft Office Word. The results were interpreted with the use of the open cards technique. The first group of respondents consisted of nurses from a practitioner's office for adults and a private surgical outpatient department. The other group comprised practitioners for adults and surgeons treating outpatients. Research sample: The research sample consisted of 12 respondents from three medical facilities in České Budějovice. In the first set there were three nurses working in the practitioner's office for adults and three nurses working in the surgical outpatient department. The second set comprised three women MDs for adults, two surgeons treating outpatiens and a woman surgeon. The intentional selection was dependent on respondents' willingness to participate in the research and it ceased when the state of theoretical saturation was reached. Results: The research investigation showed that modern moist healing of chronic wounds is mostly implemented in the offices of practitioners rather than in surgical outpatient clinics. The surgical department is aseptic and they want to minimize the risk of possible infection. Apart from moist healing the surgeons use other modern healing methods such as laser biostimulation, biostimulatory polarized light and instrument-aided lymphatic drainage. The education of the nurses involved in chronic wounds treatment is not provided within academic courses. Just two nurses completed university education whereas the other nurses get acquainted with current information at commercial presentations provided by pharmaceutical representatives. These nurses lack the capability of objective assessment of basic and specific parameters of the wounds and of subsequent treatment.

The thesis is based on the need of workplaces, where ionizing radiation sources are used, to implement a new legislation in the field of the Atomic Act effective since 1st January 2017. The thesis is focusing specifically on Radiation accidental exposures and radiation emergency on selected radiotherapeutic departments with linear particle accelerator. The theoretical part deals with definitions and categorization of radiation accidents and radiation emergency, relevant legal requirements and related work documentation related to this issue. The practical part deals with the evaluation of specific documents processed at two radiotherapeutic departments, the outcome of which is a proposal for their revision, which in agreement with the requirements of the new legislation and submitted for SÚJB´s approval. Primarily, for this purpose, it is a part of the practical part to create data file of actual radiation accidents and radiation emergencies in two specific workplaces and to analyze the causes of their occurrence. An interesting element is the choice of workplaces with a different producer of a linear accelerator, where are only two companies on the market. This choice was intend to determine whether the root causes of radiology accidents can have a causal link in relation to the technology in question of SW or accessories of the producer. The aim of the analysis is, in any case, awareness, prevention and iterative removal of the causes of accidents and the adoption of such measures in order to avoid any recurrence of events already occurred. All precautionary and follow-up measures, including responsibilities and competences, must be documented in the documentation of departments, with each holder of the resource authorization being required to keep this documentation in agreement with practice and current legislation. The thesis contributes to the detection of the causes of the accidents and the revision of the related documentation in order to be in agreement with the actual situation in the given depratments.

The diploma thesis focuses on the issue of fires of small photovoltaic power plants located on the roofs of buildings. When a photovoltaic power plant is being fired, the photovoltaic system is a very dangerous part of the power generation technology. In this part of the power plant, it is very problematic that the switching off of the electric dc current and the fire-fighters can cause electric shock. In the research part there is description and photodocumentation of the visited photovoltaic power plants, where the tour was carried out with an emphasis on the possible fire of the object. An important part of this chapter is the case studies of PPS fires and electric shocks. In addition, an overview of several fire interventions already carried out on the photovoltaic power plant located on the roof of the building. Finally, the author identified weaknesses for effective and safe intervention and processed the firefighting documentation for the PPSs visited. The discussion contains an indication of the identified shortcomings in the methodological sheets of the Combat Order of Fire Protection Units. The author outlines the possible risks for intervening firefighters at the PPSs visited and compares the elimination of these risks in the processing of firefighting documentation. Also mentions photovoltaic power plants in floodplains and points to potential hazards when flooding the PPS. Finally, a proposal is made to modify the Combat Order of Fire Protection Units and measures to ensure greater security of firefighters during fires of photovoltaic power plants.

A complexidade do projeto de sistemas eletrônicos, devido ao número de ferramentas envolvidas, ao grande volume de dados gerado e a natureza complicada destes dados, foi a causa principal do aparecimento, no final da década de 80, dos frameworks. Frameworks são plataformas que suportam o desenvolvimento de ambientes de projeto e que tem, como objetivo principal, liberar os projetistas das tarefas acessórias dentro do processo de projeto (como, por exemplo, a gerencia dos dados criados), possibilitando-lhes direcionar os esforços, exclusivamente, para a obtenção de melhores resultados, em menor tempo e a baixo custo. Para a realização deste objetivo, diversas técnicas são utilizadas na construção dos frameworks. Uma delas é conhecida como documentação dos passos de projeto. A documentação dos passos de projeto é um recurso utilizado para manter a história do projeto (usualmente, ferramentas executadas e dados gerados). Ela tem sido amplamente utilizada em trabalhos relacionados a frameworks. Porém, nenhum destes trabalhos aproveita toda a potencialidade do recurso. Alguns utilizam-no apenas nos serviços relacionados a gerencia de dados. Outros, utilizam-no apenas nos serviços relacionados a gerencia de projeto. A proposta deste trabalho, então, é a criação de um sistema que explore toda a potencialidade da documentação dos passos de projeto, disponibilizando, a partir daí, informações e serviços a outros sub-sistemas do framework, de forma a complementar a funcionalidade destes, tornando-os mais abrangentes e poderosos. / The VLSI design complexity, due to the number of involved tools, the enormous generated data volume and the complex nature of the data, was the main cause of the appearance of the frameworks in the end of the 80's. Frameworks are platforms that support the development of design environments and, as their main purpose, liberate the VLSI designers from the supplementary tasks in the design process, as the data management. It makes possible to direct efforts exclusively to obtaining better results, in shorter time and with lower costs. To this purpose, many techniques have been used in the implementation of frameworks. One of these techniques is known as design steps documentation. The design steps documentation is a resource used to keep the design history (usually, executed tools and generated data). It has been widely used in various frameworks. But none of them take full advantage of this resource. Some of them use the design steps documentation only in the data management services. Others, use it only in the design management services. So, the proposal of this work is to create a system that takes full advantage of the design steps documentation, providing information and services to other sub-systems of the framework to complement their functionality, making them more powerful.