>Magister Scientiae - MSc / Hypertension is a common chronic health problem worldwide due to contributing factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and changes in lifestyle. The standard of care for hypertension in South Africa is prescription medication, as well as a stepwise programme; this treatment approach is for the treatment of hypertension according to severity using diuretics, beta-blockers, vasodilators in a stepwise progressive manner. In South Africa,traditional herbal medicines have been used to treat many ailments especially hypertension.Garlic and African olive has been reported as herbal medicines that have anti-hypertensive properties and may be used to control hypertension, either individually or in combination.The objective of this study is to 1) prevalence of these traditional herbal medicines will be investigated and 2) determine the prevalence of garlic and/ or African olive use among hypertensive patients lieu of/or in combination with prescription medication. The study design was cross-sectional, comprising of two phases. Phase one was the administration of questionnaires concerning the participants‘ demographics, medical/clinical history, chronic illness and traditional herbal treatment. One hundred and eighty participants from Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological study (PURE) cohort were administered questionnaires. Of the 180 participants, 139 indicated that they are hypertensive, 30 hypertensive participants were selected to participate in the in-depth interviews. Phase two was divided into two parts which were detailed interviews including in-depth interviews and a focus group discussion. The focus group discussion was conducted with a convenience sample of 10 hypertensive patients who were available on the day of data collection. The questionnaire data was analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and the interviews and focus group discussion was analysed using thematic content analysis.The results show that the participants with hypertension who are on prescription medication are also using traditional herbs, garlic and African olive as part of a dualistic health care treatment for their hypertension. The use of garlic is more prevalent than the use of African olive, as African olive was not well known among the participants.The results will facilitate in the acknowledgment of traditional herbal medicine use for hypertension, as either a home remedy for (other) chronic conditions or treatment in combination with prescription medication. It also highlights the necessity to educate participants and healthcare providers in the use of traditional herbal medicine. Furthermore, healthcare workers needs to be trained about THM and should also be obligated to ask about traditional herbal medicine among their patients.

This economic history and examination of the rubber products manufacturing industry in Peninsular Malaysia contributes to the subject of resource-based industrialization in the field of development studies. The development of the industry is traced from the 1920s to 2005 when the Second Industrial Master Plan came to an end. The findings are that local interests control 80 per cent of the industry, with foreign direct investment in the remaining 20 per cent, either as subsidiary companies of overseas manufacturers or in joint ventures with Malaysian investors. The industry has a dualistic structure, with foreign-owned and joint venture companies typically being more heavily capitalized and employing a larger workforce than wholly Malaysian-owned companies. Foreign and joint venture enterprises are more likely to export a greater volume of production than local firms. Nevertheless, the industry as a whole has a strong export-orientation and Malaysian-based exporters sell into markets worldwide. A detailed examination of the industrial components production sector by means of a questionnaire indicates that Malaysian producers rely on the Malaysian Rubber Board for the transfer of manufacturing technology. Technology transfer in the foreign and joint venture sector is from parent companies and joint venture associates overseas. The conclusion is that the rubber manufacturing industry is vertically integrated with local production of natural rubber used as raw material to produce a range of goods for sale to domestic and international markets. The 80 per cent Malaysian component indicates a stable domestic industry ably supported by local technology resources.

Nesta pesquisa analisamos como ocorrem as interações discursivas entre estudantes de licenciatura em Química e alunos do Ensino Médio mediadas por um sistema de tutoria estabelecido na internet. Estas interações ocorreram por meio do ambiente virtual Tutor em Rede, no qual os alunos enviam dúvidas a respeito do conteúdo de Química e estas são respondidas por um tutor. Os dados foram coletados entre alunos de licenciatura em Química de universidades públicas brasileiras e professores da rede pública de ensino de São Paulo. Para estas análises, fazemos uma discussão sobre algumas das principais idéias relativas ao histórico e importância da educação a distância, às interações pela internet e aos processos e sistemas de tutoria. Aliado a isto, realizamos um estudo sobre as propriedades dualísticas do enunciado as funções unívoca e dialógica e elaboramos quatro categorias de análises engajamento, problematização, retomada da fala do outro e referência a outros interlocutores. A aplicação destas categorias aos dados coletados, permite-nos classificar as interações em função do seu grau de dialogia. / In this research we analyze the development of discursive interactions between students of a Chemistry teaching course and pupils of secondary school mediated by a tutoring system designed to the internet. These interactions had occurred through the Tutor em Rede virtual environment, in which pupils sent queries regarding Chemistry content to be answered by a tutor. The data had been collected among students of Chemistry teaching courses of Brazilian public universities and teachers of the public education system in São Paulo. For these analyses, we present some of the main ideas about distance education, interactions through the internet and processes and systems of tutoring. We also carry through a study on the dualistic properties of the utterance - the functions univocal and dialogic -, from whose, we elaborate four categories of analyses - enrollment, problematization, retaken of say of the other and reference to other interlocutors. Applying these categories to the collected data, we classify the interactions in terms of their dialogic degree.

Submitted by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-21T14:33:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSM.pdf: 674702 bytes, checksum: a1347e662fa95536cc5f05ef488cc9fe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-21T14:33:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSM.pdf: 674702 bytes, checksum: a1347e662fa95536cc5f05ef488cc9fe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-21T14:33:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSM.pdf: 674702 bytes, checksum: a1347e662fa95536cc5f05ef488cc9fe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-21T14:33:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSM.pdf: 674702 bytes, checksum: a1347e662fa95536cc5f05ef488cc9fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The purpose of this paper is to discuss Freud's dualistic drive, arguing that the transition from one dualism to another is not a rupture in his theory, but rather a movement in his thinking. For this, we start from the analysis of the concept of drive, marking its specificity when compared to the animal instinct and showing how the sexual drives and the drives of self-preservation allowed the appearance of two different ways of processing the psychic energy. Next, we deal with the psychic conflict that begins with the process of repression and has as a background duel between sexuality and self-preservation, a subject that interests us, because we will see how the clinic and its impasses end up bringing problems to the first Theory. For this reason, we will deal with the difficulties brought about by paraphrenias and by the concept of narcissism that end up smoothing the first dualism. Finally, we will see how traumatic neurosis and the compulsion to repetition bring new elements to Freud and culminate in the elaboration of a new definition of the drive, which will now also be thought from the dispute between the life drives and the death drive. / Este trabalho tem como propósito discutir o dualismo pulsional em Freud, defendendo que a passagem de um dualismo a outro não se configura enquanto uma ruptura em sua teoria, mas sim enquanto movimento em seu pensamento. Para isso, partimos da análise do conceito de pulsão, marcando sua especificidade quando comparada ao instinto animal e apresentando de que maneira as pulsões sexuais e as pulsões de autoconservação possibilitaram o aparecimento de dois modos diferentes de processar a energia psíquica. Em seguida, tratamos do conflito psíquico que se inicia com o processo de recalque e tem como pano de fundo o duelo travado entre a sexualidade e a autoconservação, assunto que nos interessa, pois veremos como a clínica e seus impasses acabam por trazer problemas à primeira teoria pulsional. Por este motivo, trataremos das dificuldades trazidas pelas parafrenias e pelo conceito de narcisismo que acabam por esfumaçar o primeiro dualismo. Por fim, veremos como a neurose traumática e a compulsão à repetição trazem elementos novos à Freud e culminam na elaboração de uma nova definição do pulsional, que agora será pensado também a partir da disputa travada entre as pulsões de vida e as pulsões de morte.

Nesta pesquisa analisamos como ocorrem as interações discursivas entre estudantes de licenciatura em Química e alunos do Ensino Médio mediadas por um sistema de tutoria estabelecido na internet. Estas interações ocorreram por meio do ambiente virtual Tutor em Rede, no qual os alunos enviam dúvidas a respeito do conteúdo de Química e estas são respondidas por um tutor. Os dados foram coletados entre alunos de licenciatura em Química de universidades públicas brasileiras e professores da rede pública de ensino de São Paulo. Para estas análises, fazemos uma discussão sobre algumas das principais idéias relativas ao histórico e importância da educação a distância, às interações pela internet e aos processos e sistemas de tutoria. Aliado a isto, realizamos um estudo sobre as propriedades dualísticas do enunciado as funções unívoca e dialógica e elaboramos quatro categorias de análises engajamento, problematização, retomada da fala do outro e referência a outros interlocutores. A aplicação destas categorias aos dados coletados, permite-nos classificar as interações em função do seu grau de dialogia. / In this research we analyze the development of discursive interactions between students of a Chemistry teaching course and pupils of secondary school mediated by a tutoring system designed to the internet. These interactions had occurred through the Tutor em Rede virtual environment, in which pupils sent queries regarding Chemistry content to be answered by a tutor. The data had been collected among students of Chemistry teaching courses of Brazilian public universities and teachers of the public education system in São Paulo. For these analyses, we present some of the main ideas about distance education, interactions through the internet and processes and systems of tutoring. We also carry through a study on the dualistic properties of the utterance - the functions univocal and dialogic -, from whose, we elaborate four categories of analyses - enrollment, problematization, retaken of say of the other and reference to other interlocutors. Applying these categories to the collected data, we classify the interactions in terms of their dialogic degree.

This economic history and examination of the rubber products manufacturing industry in Peninsular Malaysia contributes to the subject of resource-based industrialization in the field of development studies. The development of the industry is traced from the 1920s to 2005 when the Second Industrial Master Plan came to an end. The findings are that local interests control 80 per cent of the industry, with foreign direct investment in the remaining 20 per cent, either as subsidiary companies of overseas manufacturers or in joint ventures with Malaysian investors. The industry has a dualistic structure, with foreign-owned and joint venture companies typically being more heavily capitalized and employing a larger workforce than wholly Malaysian-owned companies. Foreign and joint venture enterprises are more likely to export a greater volume of production than local firms. Nevertheless, the industry as a whole has a strong export-orientation and Malaysian-based exporters sell into markets worldwide. A detailed examination of the industrial components production sector by means of a questionnaire indicates that Malaysian producers rely on the Malaysian Rubber Board for the transfer of manufacturing technology. Technology transfer in the foreign and joint venture sector is from parent companies and joint venture associates overseas. The conclusion is that the rubber manufacturing industry is vertically integrated with local production of natural rubber used as raw material to produce a range of goods for sale to domestic and international markets. The 80 per cent Malaysian component indicates a stable domestic industry ably supported by local technology resources.

The following article attempts to address the problem, from the point of view of the labour law, which arises on the interpretation of standards on the basis of an analysis of sources, both internal sources such as international. Whereupon, the author advocates maintain the essence of the protective principle of labour law which will lead to combining rules from different sources to protect both the worker as the structure institutional and legal of the domestic law of each country. / El presente artículo intenta abordar la problemática, desde el punto de vista del derecho laboral, que se presenta en torno a la interpretación de normas laborales partiendo de un análisis de fuentes, ya sea tanto fuente interna como internacional. Con lo cual, el autor aboga por mantener la esencia del principio protector del derecho laboral lo cual llevará a conjugar normas de las diferentes fuentes para proteger tanto al trabajador como a la estructura institucional y legal del derecho interno de cada país.

The primary aim of this thesis is to conduct a comparative analysis of the former and the current private law regulations concerning governance of joint-stock companies. What this thesis mainly focuses on are practical impacts of the change and problematic areas which are uncertain to interpret. This work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical application. The former deals with the definition of the term corporate governance, theoretical bases of corporate governance and governance models and theories. In the latter the most fundamental changes brought by the recodification are taken into consideration, these being the possibility of choice between monistic and dualistic corporate governance systems, adaptation to the new regulations and the changes regarding the statutory representative. In this section, the thesis comments on the terms due care and and business judgement rule.

European company is a supranational form of public limited company. The aim of European Union was to make unified legal form for enterprises. The aim was not very successful because of disagreement of member states on employee participation. Also the fragmentation of legal frame of European company is too deep. The thesis analyse legal basis of European company and ways of its establishment. Examples from practice of Court of Justice of the European Union show difficulties in seat transfer before European company existed. Statistics and charts demonstrate unique position of Czech Republic. It is because of the absolutely highest number of established European companies, which is caused by trading trend with ready-made companies.

Vilka faktorer som påverkar valet av upplåtelseform var frågan som ställdes inför detta examensarbete. Bostadsmarknaden är en komplex marknad då särdragen med just bostadsmarknaden inte finns inom någon annan marknad. Ett exempel är att en bostad inte lätt kan ersättas mot någon likvärdig bostad. På den svenska bostadsmarknaden finns det fyra upplåtelseformer som är vanliga när det gäller lägenheter. Dessa är bostadsrätter, hyresrätter, kooperativa hyresrätter och ägarlägenheter. Denna undersökning bygger på att studera vilka faktorer som påverkar valet av upplåtelseform ur ett lägenhetsperspektiv. Faktorerna som har undersökts är vilka olika ekonomiska och juridiska omständigheter som kan påverka valet. Studien avgränsas till lägenheter och till statistisk inom Gävleborgs län. En kvalitativ metod har använts, där intervjuerna har genomförts per telefon och genom fysiska möten. De som har intervjuats har varit olika aktörer inom bostadsmarknaden såsom byggherrar och mäklare. Intervjuerna användes för att ta reda på aktörernas syn på bostadsmarknaden och dess olika upplåtelseformer. Statistik har även tagits fram för att kunna undersöka utbudet av de olika upplåtelseformerna inom Gävleborgs län. De slutsatser som kan dras utifrån resultatet om vilka faktorer som påverkar valet av upplåtelseform är att ägarlägenheter väljs i första hand då det är ett direkt ägande, vilket leder till en friare boendeform. Ägarlägenheter väljs även för att det är ett självständigt boende då ägaren inte är bunden till en förening eller liknande. Andra faktorer som påverkar att ägarlägenheter väljs är också att det anses som en investeringsmöjlighet. Utbudet av ägarlägenheter är dock litet. Bostadsrätters faktorer är att det är ett fritt ägande. Bostadsrättsföreningen är förvaltningsskyldig, vilket medför att föreningen sköter de stora ingreppen, till exempel fönster- och dörrbyten. Bostadsrätter kan också anses som en investeringsmöjlighet. Det finns ett relativt stort utbud av bostadsrätter. Kooperativa hyresrätters faktorer är liknade hyresrätternas, dock med en insats. Denna skiljer sig dock från bostadsrätters insats, då kapitalinsatsen här bara fungerar som pant och återbetalas vid en eventuell utflyttning. Hyresrätters faktorer är att de har en begränsad användning (renoveringsmöjligheter) och att hyresvärden förvaltar och underhåller lägenheten. Något startkapital behövs inte för att ”köpa” jämfört med övriga upplåtelseformer. / Which factors influence the choice of living is the question we asked ourselves before this paper. The housing market is a complex market, since the characteristics of said market are not found in others. An example being that a home is not easily replaced with another. Sweden has four different forms of tenure for apartments: condominiums with a unitary system, condominiums with a dualistic system, right of tenancy and cooperative tenancies. This paper is based on examining the factors that influence which form of tenure an individual might choose. The factors that has been investigated are defined as various economical or legal circumstances or the like that may influence said choice. The study is limited to only contain apartments and geographically limited to Gävleborg County, specifically statistically. A qualitative method was used with interviews that were conducted over telephone and in-person meetings. The interviewees have been various players active in the housing market, such as builders and real estate brokers. These were chosen to find out their views on the housing market and the different forms of tenure since they work with such matters on a daily basis. The conclusions that was drawn from the results is that: Condominiums with dualistic systems are chosen for the right of ownership, and the fact that it’s a more independent sort of living since the owner is not bound to a housing association. A factor that’s also been acknowledged is the possibility of the apartment being an investment. This form of tenure has a low supply. Condominiums with unitary systems are chosen because it’s a relatively free and independent sort of ownership, but still somewhat bound to a housing association which has to manage all the major interventions on the property. These can also be seen as an investment opportunity. This form of tenure has a high supply. Cooperative tenancies are very similar to rights of tenancy, however with the addition of a lump sum paid to the association on contract agreement of the apartment. Right of tenancy is chosen mostly for the fact that there isn’t a start-up capital to get one and it’s easy to move since there’s no transactions involved. Also, there’s the fact that their use is quite limited and the landlord is the one who has to manage and maintain both the apartment and property.