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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Förskolans matematik : pedagogers arbete med de yngsta förskolebarnen / Mathematics in preschool : Educators work with the children 1-3 years old

Tunberg Göss, Anna-Sofia January 2014 (has links)
The study´s main purpose is to examine how three educators who work with children ages 1-3  in three different preschools working with mathematics in preschool. I have used a qualitative research in the form of interviews to obtain educators perspectives on their working. The educator´s stories about their working methods are the most important findings and it turned out that the interviewed educators was working fairly similar in terms of mathematics learning with the youngest children  in preschool. They both schedule mathematics in various activities and work with it in everyday situations. Their different approaches can be divided into five different categories which are: planned theme work and experiences, body and play, interaction and conversation, environment and materials, visualize mathematics. / Studiens främsta syfte är att undersöka hur tre pedagoger som arbetar med barn i åldrarna 1-3 år på tre olika förskolor arbetar med matematik i förskolan. Jag har använt mig utav en kvalitativ forskningsmetod i form av intervjuer för att få fram pedagogernas perspektiv på deras arbetssätt. Pedagogernas berättelser om deras arbetsmetoder är studiens viktigaste resultat och det visade sig att de intervjuade pedagogerna arbetar någorlunda liknande när det gäller matematiklärandet med de yngsta barnen i förskolan. De både planerar in matematik i olika aktiviteter och jobbar med det i vardagliga situationer. Deras olika arbetssätt kan delas in i fem olika kategorier som är följande: planerade temaarbeten och upplevelser, kroppen och leken, samspel och samtal, miljön och material samt synliggöra matematik.
2

Arbetet med barns delaktighet och inflytande : En studie om pedagogers arbete med barns delaktighet och inflytande på små- och storbarnsavdelningar i förskolan / Educators work with childrens participation : A study about educators work with childrens participation in preschool

Mattsson, Sandra, Zetterholm, Emma January 2017 (has links)
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur pedagoger arbetar med barns delaktighet och inflytande i förskolan på små- och storbarnsavdelningar. För att precisera studiens syfte har följande frågeställningar valts: Hur arbetar pedagogerna med barns delaktighet och inflytande? Skiljer sig arbetet på små- och storbarnsavdelningar? och Vilka eventuella faktorer upplever pedagogerna påverkar arbetet med barns delaktighet och inflytande? Intentionen med studien är således att synliggöra olika arbetssätt som pedagoger på små- och storbarnsavdelningar använder sig av när det kommer till barns delaktighet och inflytande, samt om det finns eventuella likheter och skillnader i arbetet. Intentionen är även att uppmärksamma de påverkansfaktorer som pedagogerna upplever i arbetet. Den valda undersökningsmetoden till denna studie är enkäter, som mestadels består av öppna frågor, detta med anledningen att det är pedagogernas egna beskrivningar som skall stå som grund för resultatet. Resultatet visar att arbetet med barns delaktighet och inflytande skiljer sig till viss del på små- respektive storbarnsavdelningar. De yngre barnen ges främst möjlighet till delaktighet och inflytande genom att göra små val, medan de äldre barnen får delta i större beslutsfattanden så som planering av verksamheten, demokratiska processer samt i utformningen av miljön. Det som också skiljer de olika arbetssätten åt, är att pedagogerna på småbarnsavdelningarna använder sig av Alternativ Kompletterande Kommunikation (AKK) i sitt arbete för att främja barns delaktighet och inflytande. Resultatet visar också att de huvudsakliga påverkansfaktorerna som pedagogerna på både små- och storbarnsavdelningarna upplever finnas i arbetet med barns delaktighet och inflytande är: Barngruppens storlek, personaltätheten och tiden. Utifrån pedagogernas beskrivningar kan ett samband synliggöras mellan dessa faktorer. Stora barngrupper i relation till en låg personaltäthet resulterar i brist på tid till arbetet med barns delaktighet och inflytande. Studien påvisar att trots de påverkansfaktorer som finns, är det i slutänden upp till pedagogen att skapa goda förutsättningar för barns möjlighet till delaktighet och inflytande. Pedagogens didaktiska förhållningssätt blir således ytterst viktigt i arbetet med detta.
3

A formação como trabalho - análise da atividade do tuteur-formador de professores de francês como língua estrangeira / Teacher development as a work - analysis of the activity of the tuteur/educator of French as a foreign language teachers

Simone Maria Dantas Longhi 19 September 2017 (has links)
Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no contexto dos Cursos Extracurriculares de Francês da FFLCH-USP, nos quais uma das ações de formação é o tutorat, uma modalidade de formação que consiste no acompanhamento dos professores iniciantes por professores mais experientes, os tuteurs. Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar o trabalho dos tuteurs, professores que se tornam formadores de professores iniciantes no contexto dos Cursos Extracurriculares de Francês da FFLCH-USP. Sua fundamentação teórica apoia-se, por um lado, no Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART 1999/2009, 2006/2009, 2008; MACHADO et al., 2009, BULEA, 2010) e, por outro, em aportes das Ciências do Trabalho, mais especificamente da Clínica da Atividade (CLOT, 1999/2000, 2001, 2008) e da Ergonomia da Atividade (FAÏTA E VIEIRA, 2003; FAÏTA, 2004; SAUJAT, 2004; AMIGUES, 2004, 2009). Compartilhando pressupostos vygotskianos (VYGOTSKI, 1929/2014, 1930/1985, 1934/1997), essas diferentes linhas teóricas fornecem subsídios para o estudo do agir do tuteur enquanto trabalho. A fim de encontrar soluções para as dificuldades vividas pelos tuteurs na formação dos professores iniciantes, foi constituído, em 2014, um grupo de tuteurs interessados em discutir sobre os desafios do trabalho do tuteur. A partir dos anseios desses tuteurs, conduzimos entrevistas em autoconfrontação simples e cruzadas e uma reunião de retorno ao coletivo, nas quais os tuteurs participantes puderam se colocar na perspectiva de observadores de sua própria atividade. Após a intervenção, as entrevistas e reuniões foram transcritas e analisadas segundo o quadro teórico e metodológico do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART, 2008, 2010, 2013), acrescido de índices referentes aos gestos (LEPLAT, 2013) e de categorias próprias para a análise de textos que tematizam o trabalho, as figuras de ação (BULEA, 2010, 2016). Durante as reuniões e entrevistas, a carência de prescrições se revelou como uma dificuldade do trabalho do tuteur. Os resultados de nossas análises mostraram que, para enfrentar essa dificuldade, os tuteurs apoiam sua atividade de aconselhar no domínio que possuem do métier de professor, mas diferenciam o conselho do ensino, apontando que existem habilidades específicas que precisam ser construídas para o trabalho do tuteur-formador de professores. Além disso, nossas análises revelaram como o tuteur focaliza em seu agir a transmissão das dimensões genéricas do métier de professor, no intuito de oferecer ao tutoré uma gama de gestos genéricos (AMIGUES, 2004) possíveis para as diferentes situações com as quais o professor iniciante pode se confrontar no exercício do seu trabalho. / This research was developed in the context of the Extracurricular French Courses at FFLCHUSP, in which one of the teacher development actions is the tutorat, a accompaniment modality that consists of the monitoring of beginning teachers by more experienced teachers, the tuteurs. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the work of the tuteurs, teachers that become teacher educators in the context of the Extracurricular French Courses at FFLCHUSP. Its theoretical framework is based, on one hand, on Socio-Discursive Interactionism (BRONCKART 1999/2009, 2006/2009, 2008; MACHADO, 2009, BULEA, 2010) and, on the other, on contributions of the Work Sciences, more specifically, on the Clinic of Activity (CLOT, 1999/2000, 2001, 2008) and the Ergonomics of Activity (FAÏTA ET VIEIRA, 2003; FAÏTA, 2004; SAUJAT, 2004; AMIGUES, 2004, 2009). These theoretical lines share Vygotskian assumptions, (VYGOTSKI, 1929/2014, 1930/1985, 1934/1997), providing subsidies for the study of the tuteurs activity as work. In order to find solutions for the difficulties experienced by the tuteurs during the monitoring of beginning teachers, a group of tuteurs interested in discussing the challenges of the their work was formed in 2014. Based on the interests of the tuteurs, we conducted interviews in simple and cross self-confrontation, as well as a final meeting with all the participants, in which the tuteurs were able to put themselves in the perspective of observers of their own activity. After the intervention, the interviews and meetings were transcribed and analyzed according to Socio-Discursive Interactionisms theoretical and methodological framework (BRONCKART, 2008, 2010, 2013), and also categories of gestures (LEPLAT, 2013) and specific categories for the analysis of texts focused on work, known as action figures (BULEA, 2010, 2016). The meetings and interviews revealed that the lack of work instructions was one of the tuteurs\' main problems. The results of our analysis showed that, to overcome that difficulty, the tuteurs underpin their counseling activity on the knowledge of the teachers métier, although they differentiate counseling and teaching, pointing out that there are specific skills that must be developed for the work of the tuteur/teacher educator. In addition, our analysis showed how the tuteurs focus their activities on the transmission of several dimensions of the teachers métier, in order to provide the tutoré with a range of possible genre gestures (AMIGUES, 2004) for the different situations that the beginning teacher may face in the course of the work.
4

A formação como trabalho - análise da atividade do tuteur-formador de professores de francês como língua estrangeira / Teacher development as a work - analysis of the activity of the tuteur/educator of French as a foreign language teachers

Longhi, Simone Maria Dantas 19 September 2017 (has links)
Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida no contexto dos Cursos Extracurriculares de Francês da FFLCH-USP, nos quais uma das ações de formação é o tutorat, uma modalidade de formação que consiste no acompanhamento dos professores iniciantes por professores mais experientes, os tuteurs. Esta tese tem por objetivo analisar o trabalho dos tuteurs, professores que se tornam formadores de professores iniciantes no contexto dos Cursos Extracurriculares de Francês da FFLCH-USP. Sua fundamentação teórica apoia-se, por um lado, no Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART 1999/2009, 2006/2009, 2008; MACHADO et al., 2009, BULEA, 2010) e, por outro, em aportes das Ciências do Trabalho, mais especificamente da Clínica da Atividade (CLOT, 1999/2000, 2001, 2008) e da Ergonomia da Atividade (FAÏTA E VIEIRA, 2003; FAÏTA, 2004; SAUJAT, 2004; AMIGUES, 2004, 2009). Compartilhando pressupostos vygotskianos (VYGOTSKI, 1929/2014, 1930/1985, 1934/1997), essas diferentes linhas teóricas fornecem subsídios para o estudo do agir do tuteur enquanto trabalho. A fim de encontrar soluções para as dificuldades vividas pelos tuteurs na formação dos professores iniciantes, foi constituído, em 2014, um grupo de tuteurs interessados em discutir sobre os desafios do trabalho do tuteur. A partir dos anseios desses tuteurs, conduzimos entrevistas em autoconfrontação simples e cruzadas e uma reunião de retorno ao coletivo, nas quais os tuteurs participantes puderam se colocar na perspectiva de observadores de sua própria atividade. Após a intervenção, as entrevistas e reuniões foram transcritas e analisadas segundo o quadro teórico e metodológico do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART, 2008, 2010, 2013), acrescido de índices referentes aos gestos (LEPLAT, 2013) e de categorias próprias para a análise de textos que tematizam o trabalho, as figuras de ação (BULEA, 2010, 2016). Durante as reuniões e entrevistas, a carência de prescrições se revelou como uma dificuldade do trabalho do tuteur. Os resultados de nossas análises mostraram que, para enfrentar essa dificuldade, os tuteurs apoiam sua atividade de aconselhar no domínio que possuem do métier de professor, mas diferenciam o conselho do ensino, apontando que existem habilidades específicas que precisam ser construídas para o trabalho do tuteur-formador de professores. Além disso, nossas análises revelaram como o tuteur focaliza em seu agir a transmissão das dimensões genéricas do métier de professor, no intuito de oferecer ao tutoré uma gama de gestos genéricos (AMIGUES, 2004) possíveis para as diferentes situações com as quais o professor iniciante pode se confrontar no exercício do seu trabalho. / This research was developed in the context of the Extracurricular French Courses at FFLCHUSP, in which one of the teacher development actions is the tutorat, a accompaniment modality that consists of the monitoring of beginning teachers by more experienced teachers, the tuteurs. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the work of the tuteurs, teachers that become teacher educators in the context of the Extracurricular French Courses at FFLCHUSP. Its theoretical framework is based, on one hand, on Socio-Discursive Interactionism (BRONCKART 1999/2009, 2006/2009, 2008; MACHADO, 2009, BULEA, 2010) and, on the other, on contributions of the Work Sciences, more specifically, on the Clinic of Activity (CLOT, 1999/2000, 2001, 2008) and the Ergonomics of Activity (FAÏTA ET VIEIRA, 2003; FAÏTA, 2004; SAUJAT, 2004; AMIGUES, 2004, 2009). These theoretical lines share Vygotskian assumptions, (VYGOTSKI, 1929/2014, 1930/1985, 1934/1997), providing subsidies for the study of the tuteurs activity as work. In order to find solutions for the difficulties experienced by the tuteurs during the monitoring of beginning teachers, a group of tuteurs interested in discussing the challenges of the their work was formed in 2014. Based on the interests of the tuteurs, we conducted interviews in simple and cross self-confrontation, as well as a final meeting with all the participants, in which the tuteurs were able to put themselves in the perspective of observers of their own activity. After the intervention, the interviews and meetings were transcribed and analyzed according to Socio-Discursive Interactionisms theoretical and methodological framework (BRONCKART, 2008, 2010, 2013), and also categories of gestures (LEPLAT, 2013) and specific categories for the analysis of texts focused on work, known as action figures (BULEA, 2010, 2016). The meetings and interviews revealed that the lack of work instructions was one of the tuteurs\' main problems. The results of our analysis showed that, to overcome that difficulty, the tuteurs underpin their counseling activity on the knowledge of the teachers métier, although they differentiate counseling and teaching, pointing out that there are specific skills that must be developed for the work of the tuteur/teacher educator. In addition, our analysis showed how the tuteurs focus their activities on the transmission of several dimensions of the teachers métier, in order to provide the tutoré with a range of possible genre gestures (AMIGUES, 2004) for the different situations that the beginning teacher may face in the course of the work.
5

Pedagogers arbete för att möjliggöra delaktighet för barn i behov av särskilt stöd / The work of educationalists to enable participation for children in need of special support

Carlsson, Sara January 2015 (has links)
Mitt syfte är att bidra med kunskap om pedagogers arbete med barns delaktighet i förskolan, med inriktning på barn i behov av särskilt stöd. För att undersöka detta har jag gjort intervjuer med pedagoger i förskolan. Jag valde semistrukturerade intervjuer, då jag ville ha öppna svar, med det menas att jag vill ha pedagogens egna ord, inte ett svarsalternativ de kan välja på. Resultatet visade att alla pedagoger i intervjuerna anser att delaktighet är något alla ska få och att vara en del i gruppen är en självklarhet. De kämpar varje dag för att delaktighet ska finnas genom att stötta och finnas där för de barn som har en resurs knuten till sig. Stöttningen kan bestå i exempelvis att pedagogerna finns nära för att förtydliga och utveckla barns språk. Hjälpa barnen att förstå lekens regler och stötta till delaktighet i lekar och aktiviteter med andra barn på förskolan. De använder olika former av kommunikativa hjälpmedel, den vanligaste är TAKK, tecken som alternativ kompletterande kommunikation. De personer jag intervjuat beskriver olika arbetssätt. Några hade resurs i barngruppen, andra hade resurs kopplat till ett specifikt barn. De var alla överens om att det var bra för både barn och pedagoger att variera resursperson. Ett öppet arbetslag där de kan gå in för att byta av varandra gjorde att de orkade med resursarbetet då det ibland inte bara är psykiskt tungt utan även fysiskt. För att möjliggöra delaktighet i gruppen arbetar de ofta i smågrupper. Detta för att få en nära kontakt med gruppen och det specifika barnet. Det gör det också möjligt för alla barn att få egna positiva upplevelser av lek och aktivitet med de barn som behöver extra stöd. De är alla överens om att leken är en svår situation för delaktighet. Pedagogerna i min studie och tidigare forskning (Luttorpp, 2011; Skogman, 2004) menar att barnets förmåga till initiativtagande och flexibilitet har stor påverkan för delaktighet. Som en utmaning lyfte de alla tiden, tiden för reflektion, tiden att få kunskap och tiden att bara finnas. / The purpose of my study is to bring more knowledge regarding children in need of special support and how preschool teachers work with the participation of children in need of special support. I interviewed a number of educationalists from different preschools and I have chosen a form of questions with open answers. They all believe that it is very important for all children to have the opportunity to participate by their own abilities. Children with special needs get extra support, for example help to understand the child’s own language, words or special signs.  It could also be to help the child to be included in the play and other common activities and to understand the playing rules. This can be done by alternative communication. There are different kinds of communication. Often used is TAKK, a method of using signs as supplemental communication. The interviewee’s describe different form of work processes. Some of them had resources in the children groups, while others had resources connected to a specific child. They all agreed that variation of resource persons is good for both the children and the educators. A better way of work would be a team where they could cover for each other. It is not just psychology tough but also physical. To make it easier for participation in the group they often have the children in small groups. This is to get a good contact with the group and with the specific child. It is also to create possibilities for children without disabilities to get their own positive experience from play and activities with children with special needs. They all agree that play is a difficult situation for participation where the flexibility and ability to take initiative of the child is very important. As a challenge, they all lifted time for reflection, time to get more knowledge and time just to be.

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