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This dissertation examines the influence of love and other emotions on sexual and drug-related HIV risk among female sex workers who inject drugs and their intimate, non-commercial partners in Tijuana, Mexico. My work on a public health study along the Mexico-U.S. border and independent ethnographic research in Tijuana suggests the importance of emotions in shaping sex workers' relationships and health risks. Love is a universal human emotional experience embodied within broader cultural, social, and economic contexts. A growing body of cross-cultural research suggests that modern relationships have transformed to emphasize love and emotional intimacy over moral or kinship obligations. Particularly in contexts of risk and uncertainty, intimate relationships provide emotional security. Drug-using couples may engage in unprotected sex or even needle sharing to convey notions of love and trust and help sustain emotional unity, but such acts also place partners at heightened risk for HIV. For female sex workers in Tijuana who endure poverty, marginality, and an increased risk of contracting HIV, establishing and maintaining emotional bonds with intimate partners may be of paramount importance. Yet little is known about how female sex workers' intimate male partners shape their HIV risk perceptions and practices. Moreover, male partners' perspectives are critically absent in HIV prevention strategies. This dissertation is nested within Proyecto Parejas, a study of the social context and epidemiology of HIV among sex workers and their non-commercial male partners in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. Through semi-structured and ethnographic interviews, photo elicitation interviews, and participant observation, I got to know seven of the couples in Tijuana who are enrolled in Parejas. I examine their relationships through the lens of critical phenomenology, which combines concern with experience, emotions, and subjectivity with political economy perspectives that argue sex work, drug use, and HIV/AIDS is not randomly distributed but historically and structurally produced. My work suggests that female sex workers and their intimate partners experience their relationships in gradations of love and emotional content. These relationships hold significant meaning in both partners' lives for emotional and material reasons, and shape each partner's HIV risk within and outside of the relationships. Couples choose not to use condoms with each other, often to define themselves as a couple. Sex outside of the relationship occurs for economic and culturally conditioned reasons, but does not necessarily diminish the meaning of the primary relationship. Motivations and ability to use condoms with clients and outside partners are context dependent and, in order to preserve trust and unity, sexual risks are typically not discussed. Partners share drugs and syringes with each other as a sign of care within a context of scarce material resources. Emotionally close couples tend to confine their sharing within the relationship, whereas less close couples also share with friends and family in more social forms of drug use. Given their vulnerability within a milieu of poverty, social marginalization, and discrimination, love alone cannot explain the HIV risk that female sex workers and their partners face. Nevertheless, emotions are significant factors in both risk taking and risk management. This study encourages researchers, practitioners, and policy makers to consider the affective dimensions of HIV risk within sex workers' intimate relationships as an integral part of a multi-level strategy to address each partner's health and wellbeing.

Photographs traverse the world in many forms and for many purposes. They follow and trace movements and networks of people, and have become essential objects in linking the past, present, and future of migrating communities. Vernacular photographs found in the home, encompass a substantial field of neglected knowledge and should be accorded greater attention and analysis in social science research. Vernacular images in academic research are often described as ordinary and mundane, their representational aspects are perceived to be repetitive and unremarkable (portraits, family snapshots etc.). However, this thesis argues that vernacular photographs are privileged objects and it is their universality and social embeddedness that elevates their significance in social science research. Unlike public or institutionalised photographic archives, vernacular archives operate within active social contexts and are alive with social agency. In this thesis, I use Alfred Gell’s anthropological theory of Art and Agency as the framework for conceptualising the social agency of photographs. To support these claims, this research examines the personal photographs found in the vernacular archives of a Gujarati migrant group in Christchurch, New Zealand. The photographs presented by members of this group are found at the centre of their social lives, mirroring their experiences and relationships in visual form. I use the Chakra Wheel as a visual metaphor to symbolise the nature of this group and their photographs. This metaphor speaks directly to the phenomenon of transnationalism and acknowledges that, for migrant communities, these transitioning processes are complex and elaborate, where the foundations of kinship and homemaking are constantly shifting. Vernacular photographs are at the centre of these transnational exchanges and networks, shifting from place to place, creating tangible and virtual threads between individuals, families, villages, and communities. They anchor these relationships at various sites, such as the wall in the family home, in albums, wallets, and on the internet. Vernacular photographs mirror these complex processes, and silently record and embody the social lives of people in a visual way. The mirrored reflection of the vernacular photograph can be both objective and subjective. By using the vernacular photograph as a research medium, in ethnographic research, we can get closer to the lived reality of people’s social lives. To emphasise the privileged position of vernacular photographs, I have chosen to use the methodology of photo-elicitation to position the photograph at the centre of enquiry. The methodology used in this thesis borrows some essential concepts from the discipline of phototherapy. Phototherapy claims that photographs can open up an exploration of us and others and, when the participant has primary agency, the affective force of the photograph is powerful and insightful. This thesis strongly supports these assumptions. Phototherapy uses photographs to explore the thoughts and unconscious processes of individuals. I argue that, in social research, photographs can also be used to explore and ‘open up’ the social world, by positioning the participant as the prime authority of their images, and their images as the vehicle of engagement and communication. By using vernacular photographs in this way, I look at both ‘on the surface’ and ‘below the surface’ of the image, making links with Barthes’ photographic theory and his concepts of ‘studium’ and ‘punctum’. In this thesis, the participants are the curators of their own personal archives. Their photographs give an emic view of their world, emphasising the importance of their migrant history, ancestors, village home, community, and cultural identity. Their photographs mediate agency between persons and places: keeping alive personal and spiritual relationships in the here and now; reinforcing essential familial knowledge systems; and assisting in creating and maintaining community identity and belonging.

Puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris L.) is an annual plant of the Zygophyllaceae family. Its medicinal properties have long been used in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine to treat various diseases. It has been shown that active substances, among which we count steroid saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, phytosterols and alkaloids, have effects on reproduction, effects aphrodisiac, antibacterial, anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, diuretic, antidiabetic, cardiovascular and many other. The aim of this work was to verify the effect of elicitors on the content of selected active ingredients in Puncturevine. The elicitor in this work was acetylsalicylic acid of three different concentrations (10-3 mol.l-1, 10-4 mol.l-1, 10-5 mol.l-1) applied by spraying. Using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were in fruits and stems determined the content of diosgenin, protodioscin, ruscogenin. For all three compounds was observed positive effect of the elicitor on their content.

Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) has been one of the best known medici herb for a very long time. Seeds contain biologicky aktive substances taxifoiln, silychristin, silydianin, silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A and isosilybin B, commonly known as silymarin complex. The aim of this thesis was the influence of elicitors, fertilization and growing technology on this product and its utilizaion. In the first part I focused on history, botanic attributes, agrotechnology, chemical composition and substance efficiency method of determinativ and also on pharmacological onpacts of effective substances. In the practical part I conducted twho small parcel experiments to reveal the impal of elicitors on effective substances. I used two elicitors NanoFYTSi? in 1ml/l concentrantion and N-FENOLMIX? in 0.5ml/l concentration. In the second experiment from my supervisor elicitor NanoFYT Si? in 1ml/l concentraiton and N-FENOL MIX? in 0.5ml/l and elicitor ASA were used in three different concentration: low [10-5 mol/l], medium [ 10-4 mol/l] and high [10-3 mol/l]. In the conclusion I did statistical analysis of the above montioned experiments and compared them with other Publisher experiments. Then I propřed the growing technology and utilization of Milk Thistle.

abstract: In the three phases of the engineering design process (conceptual design, embodiment design and detailed design), traditional reliability information is scarce. However, there are different sources of information that provide reliability inputs while designing a new product. This research considered these sources to be further analyzed: reliability information from similar existing products denominated as parents, elicited experts' opinions, initial testing and the customer voice for creating design requirements. These sources were integrated with three novels approaches to produce reliability insights in the engineering design process, all under the Design for Reliability (DFR) philosophy. Firstly, an enhanced parenting process to assess reliability was presented. Using reliability information from parents it was possible to create a failure structure (parent matrix) to be compared against the new product. Then, expert opinions were elicited to provide the effects of the new design changes (parent factor). Combining those two elements resulted in a reliability assessment in early design process. Extending this approach into the conceptual design phase, a methodology was created to obtain a graphical reliability insight of a new product's concept. The approach can be summarized by three sequential steps: functional analysis, cognitive maps and Bayesian networks. These tools integrated the available information, created a graphical representation of the concept and provided quantitative reliability assessments. Lastly, to optimize resources when product testing is viable (e.g., detailed design) a type of accelerated life testing was recommended: the accelerated degradation tests. The potential for robust design engineering for this type of test was exploited. Then, robust design was achieved by setting the design factors at some levels such that the impact of stress factor variation on the degradation rate can be minimized. Finally, to validate the proposed approaches and methods, different case studies were presented. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Industrial Engineering 2014

Submitted by Caroline Falcao (caroline.rfalcao@ufpe.br) on 2017-05-30T19:25:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Marina Duarte TESE.pdf: 1108766 bytes, checksum: c5eaf63f965a3ef05f01a0903b6d31f3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T19:25:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Marina Duarte TESE.pdf: 1108766 bytes, checksum: c5eaf63f965a3ef05f01a0903b6d31f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-07 / A elaboração de políticas energéticas é uma questão que envolve aspectos de naturezas diferentes e está relacionada a um amplo contexto. A introdução da sustentabilidade como um objetivo a ser atingido para manter o suprimento energético e permitir o desenvolvimento econômico e social de um país aumenta a complexidade das decisões a serem tomadas. Eficiência Energética e Energia Renovável são dois aspectos essenciais para a construção de uma política energética sustentável. Este trabalho propõe a utilização de métodos multicritério para abordar dois problemas pertinentes ao contexto político em energia: a seleção de um portfólio de políticas energéticas sustentáveis e o subproblema de seleção das fontes de energia alternativas a serem incluídas em uma matriz energética. No que tange ao problema de portfólio, a consideração de sinergias é um aspecto relevante e a sua análise permitiu a proposição de um modelo para a elicitação de tais valores. A elicitação de sinergias é uma tarefa muito dependente do conjunto de alternativas consideradas e da percepção do especialista entrevistado. O modelo desenvolvido permite elicitar sinergias para pares de alternativas, sem exigir que estes valores sejam dissociados na contribuição de uma alternativa para outra. Comparado ao modelo de sinergia individual o modelo proposto exige menos informação ao especialista, o que torna o questionário de elicitação menos exaustivo. / The development of energy policies is an issue that involves aspects of different nature and is related to a large context. The introduction of sustainability as a goal to be achieved to maintain the energy supply and to allow the economic and social development of a country increases the complexity of the decisions to be made. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy are two essential aspects for building a sustainable energy policy. This work proposes the use of multicriteria methods to address two relevant political energy problems: the sustainable energy policies portfolio selection and the subproblem of selecting alternative energy sources to be included in an energy matrix. Regarding the portfolio problem, synergies consideration is an important issue and its analysis allowed proposing a model for the elicitation of such values. The synergies elicitation is a task highly dependent on the set of alternatives considered and on the perception of the experts interviewed. The model developed enables to elicit synergies among pairs of alternatives, without requiring that these values are separated in the contribution of each alternative to another. Compared to the individual synergy model the proposed model requires less information from the expert, which makes the elicitation questionnaire less exhaustive.

Orientador: Plinio Almeida Barbosa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T09:56:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Merlo_Sandra_M.pdf: 2584021 bytes, checksum: 6d29aa46ae01697da804147e4b44a6e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O comportamento temporal das hesitações na fala semi-espontânea é o tema desta pesquisa experimental. Investigou-se a possibilidade de as hesitações apresentarem-se periodicamente em textos falados e suas relações com tipos textuais, apoio visual e conhecimento declarativo. Participaram do estudo cinco adultos jovens, do gênero masculino, universitários, falantes nativos do português brasileiro e sem distúrbios de comunicação. Cada sujeito produziu quatro textos: descrição de estado a partir da figura de um quarto, descrição de estado sobre seu próprio quarto, narrativa de um cartoon e narrativa de uma situação vivida. Pausas silenciosas hesitativas, pausas preenchidas, repetições hesitativas, prolongamentos hesitativos e falsos inícios (corrigidos e abandonados) foram considerados como marcas de hesitação; em contrapartida, pausas silenciosas fluentes, repetições fluentes ou reformuladoras, prolongamentos fluentes ou reformuladores, paráfrases, correções e marcadores discursivos não foram considerados exemplares de hesitação. Os textos foram transcritos, separando-se os intervalos que apresentavam hesitações daqueles que não apresentavam. Os intervalos de hesitação receberam o número ¿0¿ e os intervalos de não-hesitação receberam o número ¿1¿. A codificação numérica foi amostrada a cada 200 milissegundos para que as séries temporais fossem construídas. A estatística descritiva indicou que os intervalos de hesitação satisfizeram a hipótese nula da distribuição gama, apresentando média e mediana em torno de 1 segundo, mínimo de 120 milissegundos e máximo de 5 segundos. Em relação à duração textual, a média e a mediana de hesitação estiveram em torno de 20%. A análise espectral demonstrou a existência de periodicidades de hesitação em todos os textos analisados, com média e mediana em torno de 10 segundos, mínimo de 2 segundos e máximo de 78 segundos. A organização periódica indica que a hesitação não é um fenômeno aleatório temporalmente, porque suas oscilações se repetem ao longo do tempo, o que aponta para um fenômeno estável dinamicamente e que pode ser antecipado. Em geral, os textos apresentaram mais de uma periodicidade, as quais foram atribuídas ao macroplanejamento, microplanejamento, codificador gramatical e codificador fonológico; nenhuma periodicidade foi atribuída à articulação. A atribuição de operações lingüístico-cognitivas como mecanismos geradores das periodicidades reforça a noção de que as hesitações são propriedades do processamento em curso. A presença de mais de uma periodicidade no mesmo texto sugere que o processamento da língua falada na memória operacional ocorre em paralelo, com os recursos sendo compartilhados por diferentes operações lingüístico-cognitivas. A estatística não-paramétrica não indicou diferença significativa quando as periodicidades foram comparadas em relação ao tipo textual (descrições versus narrativas), presença ou ausência de apoio visual (descrição de figura e narrativa de cartoon versus descrição e narrativa pessoais) e tipo de conhecimento declarativo envolvido (conhecimento semântico na descrição de figura, descrição pessoal e narrativa de cartoon versus conhecimento episódico na narrativa pessoal), sugerindo que as hesitações também são uma propriedade do locutor e não apenas do processamento em curso / Abstract: The focus of this experimental research is the temporal behavior of hesitation phenomena in semi-spontaneous speech. The possibility that hesitation phenomena occur periodically in spoken texts and their relations with text types, picture support and declarative knowledge were examined. The subjects were five young male adults, university students, native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese with no history of communication impairments. Each subject has produced four texts: state description from a bedroom picture, state description of his own bedroom, narrative from a cartoon and narrative about an experienced event. Hesitation phenomena were classified as silent hesitation pauses, filled pauses, hesitative repetitions, hesitative prolongations and false starts (retraced and unretraced); signs that were not considered as hesitation phenomena include fluent silent pauses, fluent or reformulative repetitions, fluent or reformulative prolongations, paraphrases, corrections and discourse markers. The texts were transcribed and the intervals with and without hesitation phenomena were distinguished. Hesitation phenomena intervals received the number ¿0¿ and non-hesitation intervals received the number ¿1¿. The number codes were sampled at intervals of 200 milliseconds to generate time series. Descriptive statistics indicated that the duration of hesitation phenomena intervals fulfilled the null hypothesis of gamma distribution with mean and median around 1 second, minimum of 120 milliseconds and maximum of 5 seconds. Concerning total text duration, mean and median of hesitation phenomena were around 20%. Spectral analysis detected the existence of hesitation phenomena periodicities in all texts, with mean and median around 10 seconds, minimum of 2 seconds and maximum of 78 seconds. The periodic organization supports the notion that hesitation phenomena do not occur temporally by chance, because their oscillations repeat through time, what signals to dynamically stable phenomena that can be anticipated. The texts usually presented more than one periodicity, which were regarded as belonging to macroplanning, microplanning, grammatical encoder and phonological encoder; no periodicity was regarded as belonging to articulation. The suggestion that linguistic-cognitive processes are the basis of the observed periodicities support the notion of hesitation phenomena as a characteristic of current processing. The presence of more than one periodicity in the same text suggest that spoken language is processed in parallel by working memory with resources being shared by different linguistic-cognitive processes at the same time. Non-parametric statistics did not indicate significant differences when periodicities were compared with regard to text type (descriptive versus narrative texts), presence or absence of picture support (picture description and cartoon narrative versus personal description and personal narrative) and declarative knowledge type (semantic knowledge in picture description, personal description and cartoon narrative versus episodic knowledge in personal narrative), suggesting that hesitation phenomena are also a characteristic of speaker and not just a characteristic of current processing / Mestrado / Fonetica e Fonologia / Mestre em Linguística

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T14:02:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Roberto Costa Vieira.pdf: 3218639 bytes, checksum: 3935b43e35cc99b70f873c5ddb6e1882 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-18 / This thesis presents a requirements elicitation technique guided by business processes modeling. This technique, called REMO (Requirements elicitation by oriented Business Process Modeling), uses a set of heuristics to extract the software requirements from business process diagrams. The purpose of the technique is to aid systems analysts in the identification of functional requirements, non-functional requirements, and business rules. To accomplish such task, the REMO technique uses business process diagrams created using the BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation) notation. This thesis describes how the REMO technique was created and evaluated using an empirical-based research method. Furthermore, we present the analyses of the results obtained through three controlled experiments, which showed evidence that the REMO technique may be considered useful to be applied in software development during a requirements elicitation. / Esta dissertação apresenta uma técnica de elicitação de requisitos orientada pela modelagem de processos de negócios. A técnica de elicitação é denominada como REMO (Requirements Elicitation oriented by business process MOdeling), uma técnica que utiliza um conjunto de heurísticas para extrair os requisitos de software a partir dos diagramas de processos de negócios. O propósito da técnica é apoiar os analistas de sistemas na identificação dos requisitos funcionais, não funcionais e regras de negócios a partir dos diagramas de processos de negócios feitos em BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation). Esta dissertação descreve como a técnica REMO foi elaborada e avaliada por meio de um método de pesquisa baseado em experimentação. Além disso, apresentam-se as análises dos resultados obtidos de três estudos experimentais controlados, que apontaram indícios de que a técnica REMO pode ser considerada útil para ser aplicada no desenvolvimento de software durante a elicitação de requisitos.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2017-09-15T18:05:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Antônio Carlos de Freitas Silva - 2017.pdf: 3034588 bytes, checksum: 5c0e2f3957772c07bfd32c3d625ef453 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-09-18T11:57:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Antônio Carlos de Freitas Silva - 2017.pdf: 3034588 bytes, checksum: 5c0e2f3957772c07bfd32c3d625ef453 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-18T11:57:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Antônio Carlos de Freitas Silva - 2017.pdf: 3034588 bytes, checksum: 5c0e2f3957772c07bfd32c3d625ef453 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / About 5% of worldwide population is deaf, and for this reason Sign Language (SL) is their natural language. The LS is not limited to communication, it is also important for learning, access to information, cultural and social interactions. A Systematic Literature Review (SR) in order to identify the papers in Software Engineering with deafs. The results of SR presents a gap in Requirements Engineering with deaf stakeholders. This work presents a approach the process for Requirements Engineering with deaf stakeholders using SL, your natural language. In development of this paper, a research group was created, containing researchers of Instituto de Informática (INF/UFG) and Faculdade de Letras (FL/UFG). This group counted with Sign Language Traders and Interpreters (TILS) and a deaf deaf teacher. The study case was a software to manage the tickets of TILS in UFG, the name is Central dos Intérpretes. / Cerca de 5% da população mundial é surda. Os surdos têm como língua natural a Língua de Sinais (LS). A LS não é limitada somente a comunicação, sendo também importante para a educação, acesso a informação, interação cultural e social. Foi realizada uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RS) em busca de trabalhos de Engenharia de Software voltados para surdos. Os resultados dessa RS apresentam uma lacuna na Engenharia de Requisitos quando tratado com stakeholders surdos. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem para um processo de Engenharia de Requisitos com stakeholders surdos por meio da LS. Durante o desenvolvimento do trabalho um grupo de pesquisa foi formado entre pesquisadores do Instituto de Informática (INF/UFG) e Faculdade de Letras (FL/UFG). Este grupo conta com Tradutores e Intérpretes de Língua de Sinais (TILS) e uma professora surda. Com alvo foi definido um sistema para gerir as demandas dos TILS no âmbito da UFG, intitulado Central dos Intérpretes, pois era algo tangível para todos os envolvidos.