A comparison of the legal regulation of relationship between parents and children in the Czech Republic and Italy The purpose of this thesis is to provide an overview of the basic differences between legal regulation of the relationship between parents and children in the Czech Republic and Italy. This theme was chosen because of the different historical development and social conditions in both countries, which results in a different concept of parenthood and other relations derived from it. The study is divided into three main parts, that in particular reflect the formation and area of application of relations between parents and children and eventually means of protection of a child as long as he is not provided with proper care in his family environment. These parts are: a) parenthood, b) the content of relationship between parents and children, c) substitute parenthood and substitute education. Each part contains two chapters for a better comparison. The first always briefly outlines the Czech legal regulation and the second chapter is devoted to a deeper explanation of the Italian regulation. Basic differences of both legal systems are explicitly highlighted. Subchapters focus on individual legal institutions of family law relating to the relationship between parents and children or other...

Resumé The topic of this master thesis is selected issues of an adoption (comparative fragments). I chose not to deal with the theme as a whole because of its extent, which would have inevitably lead to mere scratch of the surface of such complex issue as an adoption. Picking and choosing some interesting aspects enabled me to go more into detail and elaborate on them in depth. When approaching this thesis I chose to use combination of analytic and comparative method. The thesis itself is composed of the introduction, six chapters and the conclusion. The purpose of the Introduction is to make the reader aware of the structure of the thesis and to outline the complicated legal nature of adoption. The objective of this thesis, which is also announced within this section, is to provide the reader with issues not usually dealt with within theses or academic works. Chapter One is divided into three parts and subsequently shed light into the concept of the adoption, its types and sources of the legislative. Chapter Two is dedicated to historical excursion and is divided into two parts. The First Part deals with global level and the Second Part is focused on the national level with emphasis on most recent historical milestones. Chapter Three is subdivided into three parts. The First Part examines conditions, which...

This thesis is aimed at specific questions of conflict rules of the international family law. Specifically, it focuses on the conflict law rules of matrimonial law with an international element. It takes into account the domestic, as well as the international regulation and regulation of the European Union. The thesis is divided into eight chapters. It starts with an introduction, which is followed by the second chapter which deals with the concept of international family law and its sources. The third chapter devoted to a general explanation of the conflict rules including the most significant related terms, such as determining factor or public order. The fourth chapter is aimed at the legal regulation of concluding a marriage with respect of the conflict rules determining the law applicable in case of capacity to conclude a marriage, its validity and form. This chapter also deals with consular marriages and marriages concluded abroad in case of threat to life. The fifth chapter contains he conflict rules of personal and property situation of spouses. This chapter at the same time reflects a recent progress in this field as far as European Union law on property situation in marriage is concerned. The sixth chapter is aimed at termination of mixed marriage and primarily at conflict rules of...

Ce n’est traditionnellement pas sous l’angle de sa disponibilité que le statut personnel et familial est étudié, mais par le prisme du principe d’indisponibilité de l’état des personnes qui a longtemps déterminé les orientations du droit régissant les situations internes, tout comme les orientations du droit international privé. Néanmoins la libéralisation du droit des personnes et de la famille ne cesse de progresser, au point que l’on peut se poser la question d’un renversement du principe et de l’exception. Mesurée dans un premier temps, la disponibilité du statut personnel et familial a été renforcée avec l’entrée en vigueur de la loi de modernisation de la justice du XXIe siècle qui a notamment déjudiciarisé le processus de changement de prénom ainsi que le divorce par consentement mutuel, et « démédicalisé » la procédure de changement de la mention du sexe à l’état civil. Par ailleurs, la Cour EDH et le droit de l’UE ont une influence considérable sur le droit des personnes et de la famille, y compris sur le droit de la filiation. Dans un nombre non négligeable de circonstances, le contrôle de proportionnalité et l’essor d’un principe de reconnaissance des situations de fait, ou de droit, permettent aux individus de se soustraire volontairement aux règles qui avaient vocation à leur être appliquées. L’ordre public et l’impérativité du droit national en sont fragilisés, le tourisme législatif favorisé. Ces rouages sont difficiles à réguler. Seule une coopération au niveau supranational, délicate à mettre en oeuvre, pourrait contribuer à en contenir efficacement les effets / Historically it is not under the scope of its availability that the personal and family status is examined, but through the prism of its inalienability, the latter having determined the main lines of domestic and international private law for many years. Nevertheless, the liberalisation of individual and family law keeps gaining ground to such an extend that we might be in front of areversal of the principle and exception. Steady at first, the growing availability of personal and family status was highly reinforced when the XXIth Century Justice Modernisation Act came into force. This act notably delegalised the forename modification process and mutual consent divorce, as well as demedicalised the rectification process of one sex on the civil status register. Nowadays, it is to some extend worth considering the personal and family status as available to individuals. Furthermore the European Court of Human Rights and the EU Law have atremendous influence on personal and family law, including filiation law. In many cases, the proportionality test principle and the rising recognition of de facto or legal situations allow individuals to voluntary escape what should have been legally bounding them. Public policy and domestic laws are thus weakened and legal tourism encouraged. This legal machinery is all the more troublesome because it seems difficult to regulate. Only a suprational cooperation, which is delicate to implement, might contribute to efficiently suppress its effects

The presented master thesis deals with the issue of adoption of a child, both from the viewpoint of international treaties, as well as the Czech law. The attention is paid to the comparison between the relevant provisions in the Civil Code and the rules contained in the international treaties. Also the way in which the Czech republic reflected the requirements imposed by international treaties is evaluated. The thesis contains an introduction; it is further divided into six chapters and ended with conclusion. First chapter is dedicated to the concept of adoption and the perception under the effective legislation. This chapter also enumerates the particular international treaties, which deal with the adoption and lay down the fundamental requirements for national regulations of the State parties. The second chapter defines the types of adoption including the brief characteristics and description of the main dissimilarities. Due to a certain controversy, the matter of revocation (annulment) of adoption and irrevocable adoption is discussed in more detail. The third chapter introduces the general conditions for the realization of adoption. These are, in particular, the conditions to be met by the adopter or adopters, but some of them are to be met by the adoptee itself or can be based on the specific...

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-02-22T11:41:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Garcia da Costa.pdf: 581645 bytes, checksum: 0a59ed1a1ed3ac7c6b62012aa4d297e4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T11:41:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Garcia da Costa.pdf: 581645 bytes, checksum: 0a59ed1a1ed3ac7c6b62012aa4d297e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The family is the basic institution of society. However, its conceptualization has been changing drastically in recent years, especially after the anti-cultural movements initiated in the mid-1960s and the erosion of patriarchal ideology and modernity, as well as the weakening of religious influence in Brazilian society. This mutation, which includes enlargement and socio-cultural changes, has effects in several areas of the humanities that reflect, as it could not be, the Law. The concept of family, in the legal and legislative spheres, is indicative and can be used to reflect social demands. In this way, the present work makes a historical progression of the origin of the Modern and Democratic State of Law, in order to examine the contemporary conceptualization of the family from the point of view of the country's legal scholars, the principles protected in our legal system and then, a legal definition of family will be proposed. Author: Rodrigo Garcia da Costa - Title: For a Legal Concept of Family in the Contemporaneity / A família é a instituição basilar da sociedade, contudo, sua conceituação vem se alterando drasticamente nos recentes anos, principalmente após os movimentos contra-culturais iniciados em meados da década de 60 e do desgaste da ideologia patriarcal e da modernidade, assim como o enfraquecimento da influencia religiosa na sociedade brasileira. Tal mutação, que engloba ampliação e modificações socioculturais, geram efeitos em diversas áreas das humanidades que refletem, como não poderia deixar de ser, no Direito. O conceito da família, no âmbito legal e legislativo é indicativo pautável para refletir as demandas sociais. Dessa forma o presente trabalho faz uma progressão histórica da origem do Estado Moderno e Democrático de Direito, para, em seguida, debruçar sobre a conceituação contemporânea da família na ótica dos doutrinadores pátrios, os princípios protegidos no nosso ordenamento e diante desse patamar, será proposta uma definição legal de família. Autor: Rodrigo Garcia da Costa - Título: Por um Conceito Jurídico de Família na Contemporaneidade

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaTFF.pdf: 305966 bytes, checksum: 69919693cbb2ce1eeac57af775c92f7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-15 / Currently, in custody disputes, the child has the right to be heard and to have its opinion considered, according to its age and maturity. The psychologist/psychoanalyst who works in the Family Court is required to produce a Report with the purpose of helping the Court?s decision. The present research aims to discuss and to find guiding principles for the hearing of the declaration of the child?s will in a custody dispute by its parents, from a psychoanalytical perspective. The case of a nine year old girl that affirmed in Court the desire of living with the mother and seeing the father only once a year is the starting point of this theoretical research over the psychoanalytic fundaments of the hearing of the case, how it appeared in that experience and how it was reflected in the report. Throughout this work, the peculiarities of psychoanalysis as a way of understanding the subject and the conditions that must be observed so that a sctrictu sensu analytic hearing is possible are studied. Then we present a reflection of the case, in the light of the theories studied, verifying that we could observe in the experience: i) the assumption of a subject of the unconscious, divided and desire full that constitutes itself from the oedipic structuration, that leads to the difference between speech and speak; ii) the concept of the child as having a sexuality of its own; iii) a hearing based on the ethic principles of psychoanalysis and the analysts'' formation. In the final considerations, we state that the institutional demand of a meaning for the case is a great difficulty for the analyst since he works from a place of 'not-knowing" / Atualmente, nas a??es judiciais da guarda, a crian?a tem o direito de ser ouvida e ter a sua opini?o considerada, de acordo com a idade e a maturidade. Ao psic?logo/psicanalista que trabalha nas varas de fam?lia ? solicitado um estudo com vistas a auxiliar a decis?o judicial. A presente pesquisa busca fundamentar e discutir a escuta da manifesta??o da vontade de uma crian?a no contexto da disputa judicial da guarda pelos pais, desde uma perspectiva psicanal?tica. O caso de uma menina, com idade de nove anos, que manifestou em ju?zo a vontade de morar com a m?e e de ver o pai apenas uma vez no ano, serve como ponto de partida para uma pesquisa te?rica sobre os fundamentos psicanal?ticos da escuta do caso, analisando o que de psicanal?tico compareceu nessa experi?ncia e que se refletiu no parecer. No desenvolvimento do trabalho, estuda-se a peculiaridade da Psican?lise quanto ao modo de conceber o sujeito e as condi??es que devem ser instaladas para que possa haver uma escuta anal?tica stricto sensu. Em seguida, faz-se uma reflex?o do caso, ? luz dessa teoriza??o, verificando que na experi?ncia compareceu: i) a suposi??o da exist?ncia de um sujeito do inconsciente, dividido, desejante, constitu?do a partir da estrutura??o ed?pica, o que justifica a distin??o entre o dito e o dizer; ii) a concep??o de crian?a como tendo uma sexualidade pr?pria; e, iii) uma escuta pautada nos fundamentos ?ticos da Psican?lise e na forma??o do analista. Nas considera??es finais, constata-se que a demanda institucional de produ??o de um sentido para o caso se destaca como uma grande dificuldade para o analista, pois o lugar de onde opera ? um lugar de n?o saber

FOSTER CARE FOR A TEMPORARY PERIOD This thesis describes and critically judges the legal regulation, practice and purpose of foster care for a temporary period in the Czech Republic. Children temporarily or permanently deprived of their family environment or children, who cannot be left in such environment, are entitled to a special protection and assistance granted by the state in one of alternative care forms. The Czech Republic is criticized for a long time by the international organizations because of numbers of children placed in any type of institutional care. Consequently, the amendment of the Act N. 359/1999 Coll., on social and legal protection of children, has been approved in June 2006. This amendment has established a new legal institute called "the foster care for a temporary period". The function of this institute is to avoid a placement of children to an institutional care in the case, when the children can not stay in the original family because of whatever reason however there is a presumption of re-entry to that original family. Parents still have their parental responsibilities and still have right to keep in touch with their child. The thesis is composed of six chapters, which are subdivided into subchapters. Chapter One deals with the historical development of foster care. Chapter Two...

O objetivo do presente trabalho é demonstrar a possibilidade de atuação dos pais afins nas famílias reconstituídas, assim entendidas como aquelas formadas em segundas núpcias, em que pelo menos um dos cônjuges ou companheiro possui filhos de uma união anterior, de forma complementar e subsidiária aos pais biológicos, com vista a integrar a parentalidade, visando ao melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente à luz da Constituição Federal, do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente e do Código Civil. Com base no princípio do valor jurídico do afeto e no instituto da paternidade socioafetiva, busca-se evidenciar a importância do exercício da autoridade parental, de forma complementar, pelos pais afins nos lares reconstituídos. A convivência, os cuidados diários, a dedicação fazem nascer entre os integrantes das famílias reconstituídas vínculos de afetividade, que se revelam importantes e relevantes para o pleno desenvolvimento do menor. E apenas o pleno exercício da autoridade parental nas famílias reconstituídas permitirá uma adequada estruturação familiar, com atribuição de funções definidas aos membros integrantes desta complexa estrutura familiar, onde os papéis não são definidos e a legislação em nada orienta o comportamento, especialmente, dos pais afins. Para esta plena integração e bom funcionamento da estrutura familiar reconstituída, tendo em vista o melhor interesse do menor, objetiva-se demonstrar a necessidade de legitimação da conduta dos pais afins, no âmbito da família, hoje, vedada pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. / The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the possibility of actions of step parents in reconstituted families, those formed in remarriages in which at least one spouse or partner has children from a previous union, in a complementary and subsidiary way to biological parents with the purpose to integrate parenthood, aiming for the best interests of children and adolescents in the light of the Federal Constitution, the Statute of Children and Adolescents and the Civil Code. Based on the principle of the legal value of affection and the institute of socio-affective parenthood, it is sought to highlight the importance of the exercise of parental authority, as complementary, by the step parents in the rebuilt homes. Coexistence, the daily care and dedication create among the members of reconstituted families ties of affection which are important and relevant to the full development of the child. Only the full exercise of parental authority in reconstituted families will allow a proper family structuring, with attribution of tasks to members of this complex family structure, in which nowadays roles are not defined and the legislation does nothing to guide behavior, especially of step parentes. For this full integration and smooth functioning of the reconstituted family structure, in view of the best interests of the child, the objective is to demonstrate the need to legitimize the conduct of the step parentes in the family, today prohibited under Brazilian law.

As the divorce rate in the United States remains steady at 50%, the last few decades have shown an increase in child custody disputes. Within these litigations, interparental conflict can reach high levels and incite behaviors that wreak havoc on the children who are caught in the middle. When considering custody arrangements, judges and other evaluators use the Best Interest of the Child Standard (BICS), a jurisdictionally-specific framework that examines several factors that contribute to a child’s health and well-being. Parents who allow their resentments to get the better of them sometimes engage in behavior that encourages their child to become alienated from the other parent, known as Parental Alienation (PA) —a form of psychological abuse that can result in emotional and behavioral consequences for the child. While some states investigate components relevant to PA during a BICS evaluation, none include criteria that directly addresses this construct. Therefore, to achieve the intended outcome of BICS, which is to create a custody arrangement that will best meet a child’s needs, recognizing and addressing the presence of PA within a family system is required.