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No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Antonia Ivanilce_vs final.pdf: 8581262 bytes, checksum: 05df6c95c932ba804dc05f077a8827f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-24 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / The study aimed to analyze the processes of food security and conservation of plant genetic resources in agroecosystems in the border region in the “Alto Rio Solimões”. To this end, sought to characterize the different landscapes in family units, identify the work processes used in production systems for plant genetic resources conservation sites, in addition to listing the products consumed in the diet and used for obtaining monetary income. The study it was in the locality named “Nova Aliança”, in the municipality of Benjamin Constant, AM. As adopted theoretical referential methodological strategy the dialectic of complexity, with the intervention of the field design case study. In the agroecosystems in“Nova Aliança” is a recursive association with the environmental system and knowledge transmitted reproduce and rebuilt generationally by the residents and by express structural coupling process. Work on agroecosystems is based primarily on the social group formed by the family in whose organization is seated the collectivist practice of reciprocity, seeking to make your social reproduction. The residents produce and reproduce the agricultural diversity in agroecosystems to achieve the maintenance of family unity. The channels of obtaining food via work on agroecosystems and reciprocal relations, by residents of “Nova Aliança”, are a durable and transposable arrangements system integrated with know.Unitas Multiplex System complexity of food emerges from the reciprocity between the established by real, with multifunctional characteristics, organization and interactions themselves, since emergencies. The forms of production adopted correspond to agriculture integrators systems to various ecosystems accessed. This is because the organization of agroecosystems presented by the conjunction of terrestrial and aquatic. And environments and are presented as a set of expressions of knowledge and differentiated knowledge resulting from the use, management and conservation of places, cultivated species and the material and immaterial culture in Its living practice, and for it, resulting from the common life experience of the Kokama people. / O estudo teve por objetivo analisar os processos de segurança alimentar e conservação dos recursos genéticos vegetais nos agroecossistemas na região de fronteira no Alto Rio Solimões. Para tanto, buscou-se caracterizar as diferentes paisagens nas unidades familiares, identificar os processos de trabalho utilizados nos sistemas produtivos para conservação dos recursos genéticos vegetais locais, além de listar os produtos consumidos na dieta alimentar e os utilizados para obtenção de renda monetária. O estudo foi realizado na localidade denominada Nova Aliança, no município de Benjamin Constant, AM. Adotou-se, como referencial teórico da estratégia metodológica, a dialética da complexidade, tendo como delineamento de intervenção de campo o Estudo de Caso. Nos agroecossistemas em Nova Aliança, ocorre uma associação recursiva com o sistema ambiental e os saberes transmitidos são reproduzidos e reconstruídos geracionalmente por manifestarem o processo de acoplamento estrutural. O trabalho nos agroecossistemas apoia-se, fundamentalmente, no grupo social formado pela família em cuja organização está assentada a prática coletivista de reciprocidade, buscando viabilizar sua reprodução social. Os moradores produzem e reproduzem a diversidade agrícola nos agroecossistemas para viabilizar a manutenção da unidade familiar. Os canais de obtenção de alimentos via trabalho nos agroecossistemas e relações de reciprocidade, pelos moradores de Nova Aliança, apresentam-se como um sistema de disposições duráveis e transponíveis integradas ao saber. A complexidade do Sistema Unitas Multiplex da comida emerge da reciprocidade entre o estabelecido pelo real, com características multifuncionais, organização e interações próprias, desde emergências. As formas de produção adotadas correspondem a sistemas integradores da agricultura aos diversos ecossistemas acessados. Isto porque, a organização dos agroecossistemas é representada pela conjunção dos ambientes terrestres e aquáticos e apresentam-se como um conjunto de expressões de conhecimentos e saberes diferenciados resultantes do uso, manejo e conservação dos lugares, das espécies cultivadas e da cultura material e imaterial em sua prática viva, e por ela, resultantes da experiência comum de vida do povo Kokama.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka relationen mellan Work-life balance (WLB) och intentionen att säga upp sig (ITQ) hos skiftarbetare. För att undersöka Work-life balance relation till intentionen att säga upp sig delades work-life balance upp i sina underkategorier Work-family conflict (WFC) och Family-work conflict (FWC). En kvantitativ studie genomfördes via en digital enkät som distribuerades ut till 866 trafikoperatörer som arbetar skift inom en statlig myndighet för trafikledning. Av de 886 tillfrågade svarade 235 på enkäten och 188 av dem kom sedan att användas i analysen då 47 av svaren inte var fullständiga. De 188 svaren analyserades genom en hierarkisk multipel regressionsanalys. Resultatet visade att Work-life balance kan predicera en individs intention att säga upp sig och att Work-family conflikt var den konflikt som förklarade störst del av variansen i ITQ då FWC inte var en signifikant prediktor. Sambandet mellan Work-family conflict och intentionen att säga upp sig var att desto mer Work-family conflict desto högre intention att säga upp sig. / The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Work-life balance and Intention to quit among shift workers. To examine the relationship between Work- Life balance and Intention to quit, Work-life balance was split up into its two subcategories Work-family conflict and Family-work conflict. A quantitative study was carried out through a digital survey that was distributed to 866 traffic-operators within a state department that operates in the field of traffic. Of the 866 respondents 235 answered the survey, 47 of the answers were not completed in full and were therefore ejected from the study, total answers used in the study was 188. The 188 answers were analyzed through a hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed that Work-life balance can predict an individual's intention to quit and that Work-family conflict was the conflict that to most extent explained the variance of intention to quit. The result also showed that Family-work conflict were not a significant predictor for intention to quit. The relation between Work-family conflict and intention to quit were displayed in the following way, more work-family conflict resulted in a higher intention to quit.

No description available.

This thesis consists of an introductory chapter and four self-contained papers on temporary work agenciesand the economic analysis of law. Paper [I] adds to the theoretical literature on the incentives of Temporary Work Agencies (TWAs). Using aprincipal-agent model with hidden action to model two main types of contracts between a TWA and a ClientFirm (CF), the TWA is shown to potentially act against the best interest of the CF when helping to fill avacant position. The results also suggest that the adverse effect of the incentive misalignment is larger whenthe worker is going to be leased instead of hired by the CF. However, this effect could potentially be offsetby introducing a sufficient level of competition among the TWAs. Paper [II] uses individual-level data on young adults to estimate how the probability of being employed inthe Swedish temporary agency sector is affected by whether a partner or other family member has experienceof temporary agency work. The results show a significant effect from all peer groups of a magnitude thatcorrespond to the other most influential control variables. We also find that this cohort of the agency sectorhas a relatively high education level compared to the regular sector, and that there are predominately menworking in thissector. Paper [III] analyses possible effects on total employment, and the distribution between agency work andregular contracts as a consequence of the implementation of the EU Temporary and Agency Workers Directive in Sweden. The analysis is based on changes in the compensation to agency workers in a calibratedextension of a Mortensen-Pissarides search model. Even though the results suggest a negative net effect ontotal employment, the implementation is shown to increase (utilitarian) welfare, and an increased transitionprobability from the agency sector into regular employment will increase welfare even further. Paper [IV] focuses on settlement probabilities for different types of representation within the Swedish LabourCourt. Empirical estimates on a set of unjust dismissal cases show that private representatives are generallyless likely to reach a settlement than their union counterparts. The settlement probabilities converge following court-mandated information disclosure, which suggests that information asymmetry is an importantfactor in explaining differences in settlement behaviour. Privately instigated negotiations are therefore ingeneral insufficient for making cases with non-union representation reach the same settlement rate as caseswith union representation.

Behavioural and emotional problems in children have been linked with a number of deleterious effects for the child, their family and the community at large. Research has demonstrated that targeting parents through behavioural family interventions is an effective way of ameliorating the negative long term effects of early behaviour problems. A number of evidence-based interventions have been shown to be effective in reducing dysfunctional parenting practices and reducing the severity and intensity of behaviour problems however less than 10% of parents’ access parenting services and even fewer access evidence-based interventions. Some researchers now advocate that a population approach that emphasizes prevention rather than treatment and considers parenting in its broader ecological context is required to increase parental access to evidence-based parenting interventions and reduce population levels of disruptive behaviour problems. One important context that affects parenting is the workplace. Changing economic and demographic climates mean the majority of parents are now employed and must balance the competing demands of work and family commitments leading to increased levels of work and family conflict as functioning in one domain invariably effects functioning in the other. High levels of work and family conflict have been shown to increase psychological distress and dysfunctional parenting and are associated with a range of negative organisational outcomes such as increased turnover and absenteeism. Additionally, levels of work and family conflict are highest in parents of young children indicating that balancing work and parenting is particularly difficult at a point in a child’s life where there is greatest development plasticity. This thesis argues that one way to improve parents’ access to services and to reduce work and family conflict is to provide support to working parents in the form of a workplace parenting intervention. Such an intervention has the potential to ease the burden on working parents, increase parental access to evidence-based parenting support and reduce population levels of disruptive behaviour problems. This research comprises of a randomised controlled trial of Workplace Triple P, a variant of Triple P- Positive Parenting Program that is tailored to the specific needs of working parents. Two studies are presented. Study 1 examined the utility of a model that posits that the relationship between parental exposure to disruptive behaviour problems and occupational stress is mediated by family-work conflict. Data analyses supported the hypothesised model. The relationship between parental exposure to disruptive behaviour problems and occupational stress was fully mediated by family-work conflict. The results of this study provide a rationale for examining parenting in a workplace context by demonstrating that disruptive behaviour problems in the children of employees are related to higher levels of occupational stress and that reducing disruptive behaviour and family-work conflict should result in reductions in occupational stress. Study 2 built on the findings of Study 1 by evaluating the effectiveness of Workplace Triple P, a workplace parenting intervention that aims to assist parents to more effectively manage work and family demands. Using a sample of teachers balancing work and parenting commitments, a randomised controlled trial was conducted comparing Workplace Triple P to a waitlist control condition. Results indicated that participants who completed the Workplace Triple P intervention reported improvements in five key outcome areas: disruptive behaviour problems, parenting style and satisfaction, personal adjustment, work and family conflict and occupational wellbeing. Specifically, compared with participants in the waitlist control condition participants in the intervention condition reported that their child displayed lower numbers of disruptive behaviours and engaged in problem behaviour less frequently, that they themselves engaged less in verbose, over-reactive and lax parenting styles, that they felt more confident in dealing with a range of behaviour problems across a range of home and community settings and enjoyed parenting more. Participants in the intervention condition also reported lower levels of personal anxiety and depression. The intervention was also effective at improving work-related variables. Participants who completed the Workplace Triple P intervention reported lower levels of work-family conflict, family-work conflict and occupational stress, as well as reporting increased levels of occupational efficacy. No changes were reported for participants in the waitlist control condition. Participants in the intervention condition were reassessed at 4-months post intervention. Results indicated that all intervention gains were maintained. Together these studies contribute significantly to our understanding of work-family interface by providing insight into the mechanisms by which family life exerts an influence on occupational stress and by demonstrating that a workplace parenting intervention has the potential to improve functioning both family and occupational domains. The findings have significant implications for assisting parents more effectively manage work and family demands, for increasing parental access to services, and informing family-friendly policies and practices. Research, clinical and policy implications are discussed.

Thesis (M.G.S.)--Miami University, Dept. of Sociology and Gerontology, 2004. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37).

The thesis concerns with the issue of harmonization of a family life with work duties of parents of children up to the age of 3 years in Czech Republic. Theoretical part focuses on the difficulties, which come with and which complicate the harmonization, on the supportive arrangements in the family and workplace that help the harmonization; it deals with the role of state and employers in this domain. Furthermore it describes the system of services in daycare for the youngest children with the accent on the problems of day nursery. It presents current modern day nurseries and rebuts arguments which doubt the reason of their existence. Practical part of the thesis consists of description and analysis of a research inquiry which was made among the parents that decided to put their children into day nursery. Target of the inquiry was to find out which reasons led parents to the use of this particular childcare service form, what moved them to choose public institutional facility and not another form of care that would enable them to ensure childcare in their home.

Abstract The study describes and analyses the practices of interprofessional family work in the rehabilitation of severely handicapped children in the special needs groups of a day care centre from the viewpoint of parents and medical and educational professionals before and after a development project. At the baseline, the phenomenon under study was also described and analyzed as activity of the responsible unit of rehabilitation. The obstacles in the development of interprofessional family work and the factors that contributed to the development of interprofessional practices are also described. Based on these, a process of developing interprofessional family work is described. The study was part of the education and development project on interprofessional family work arranged co-operatively by the Department of Public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, and Oulu Deaconess Institute in 2000–2002. The theoretical frame of reference consists of the ecocultural theory, according to which the life of a child is considered an inseparable part of the family's life. The family is conceived of a unit that actively influences its own life. Work with families is carried out as interprofessional family work. The study was implemented as action research, which included three interventions: education in interprofessional family work, discussion groups and Growing: Birht to Three, which consisted of education in the use of a rehabilitation and education model for children aged 0–3 years. The interventions made up an integrated whole. The participants in action research consisted of a interprofessional team working on the rehabilitation of severely handicapped children in the special needs group of a day care centre, which included specialists of early special education, physiotherapists and speech therapists. The research data were collected by thematic interviews at the beginning and at the end of the process by interviewing parents and professionals. The data were analysed with methods of content analysis using the QSR Nvivo computer software. At the beginning of the action research project the parents' role included both activities and passive presence and compliance with instructions. Professionals' activities were accordant with the expert- child- and family-oriented operating models. The major obstacles of interprofessional family work were a lack of knowledge, intolerance, which was manifested as a lack of equality and discussion, an expert orientation and fragmentation of activities. After the development project, according to the parents, interprofessional family work provided emotional and cognitive support. According to the professionals, interprofessionality was manifested as partnerships and promotion of empowerment. The development of operation was influenced by a positive attitude, which fostered a favourable atmosphere and acceptance of change, and a conversational culture, which was manifested as communication skills and awareness of matters. The findings of the study can be utilised in the development interprofessional co-operation and family work in professional basic education and further and in-service education. / Tiivistelmä Tutkimuksessa kuvataan ja analysoidaan moniammatillisen perhetyön ilmenemistä vaikeavammaisten lasten kuntoutuksessa päiväkodin erityisryhmässä. Näkökulman antavat vanhemmat ja lääkinnällisen sekä kasvatuksellisen kuntoutuksen ammattihenkilöt ennen kehittämistoimintaa ja sen jälkeen. Alkuvaiheessa tutkittavaa ilmiötä kuvataan ja analysoidaan myös kuntoutuksen vastuuyksikössä ilmenevänä toimintana. Lisäksi kuvataan ja analysoidaan moniammatillisen perhetyön kehittämisen esteitä sekä toiminnan kehittymiseen vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Näiden kautta kuvataan moniammatillisen perhetyön kehittämisprosessi. Tutkimus on osa Oulun yliopiston kansanterveystieteen ja yleislääketieteen laitoksen ja Oulun Diakonissalaitoksen yhteistyönä järjestämää moniammatillisen perhetyön koulutus- ja kehittämisprojektia, joka toteutettiin vuosina 2000–2002. Teoreettisena viitekehyksenä on ekokulttuurinen teoria, jonka mukaan lapsen elämää tarkastellaan kiinteänä osana perheen elämää. Perhe nähdään aktiivisena omaan elämäänsä vaikuttavana yksikkönä. Toiminta perheiden kanssa toteutuu moniammatillisena perhetyönä. Tutkimus toteutettiin toimintatutkimuksena, johon kuului kolme interventiota: moniammatillinen perhetyö -koulutus ja keskustelupiirit sekä Pikku-Portaat - Kasvamaan: syntymästä kolmivuotiaaksi kuntoutus- ja kasvatusmallin käytön koulutus. Interventiot muodostivat yhdessä kokonaisuuden. Toimintatutkimukseen osallistui vaikeavammaisten lasten kuntoutuksessa päiväkodin erityisryhmässä mukana oleva moniammatillinen tiimi, johon kuului varhaiserityiskasvatuksen asiantuntijoita sekä fysio- ja puheterapeutteja. Tutkimusaineistot kerättiin vanhempien ja ammattihenkilöiden teemahaastatteluilla prosessin alussa ja lopussa. Aineistot analysoitiin sisällön analyysilla käyttäen QSR Nvivo -tietokoneohjelmaa. Toimintatutkimuksen alussa vanhempien rooliin kuului sekä aktiivista toimintaa että passiivista ohjeiden noudattamista ja mukana kulkemista. Ammattihenkilöt toimivat asiantuntija-, lapsi- ja perhekeskeisen toimintamallin mukaisesti. Moniammatillisen perhetyön esteenä olivat tiedon puute, suvaitsemattomuus, joka ilmeni tasa-arvon ja keskustelun puutteena, asiantuntijakeskeisyys sekä toiminnan pirstaleisuus. Kehittämistyön jälkeen moniammatillinen perhetyö näkyi vanhempien mukaan emotionaalisena ja tiedollisena tukena. Ammattihenkilöiden mukaan toiminta ilmeni kumppanuutena ja voimaantumisen tukemisena. Toiminnan kehittymiseen vaikuttivat positiivinen asennoituminen, joka ilmeni myönteisenä ilmapiirinä ja muutosmyönteisyytenä, ja keskusteleva kulttuuri, joka ilmeni keskustelutaitona ja tietoisuutena asioista. Tutkimuksessa on tuotettu tietoa, jota voidaan hyödyntää kehitettäessä moniammatillista yhteistyötä ja perhetyötä ammatillisessa peruskoulutuksessa sekä jatko- ja täydennyskoulutuksessa.

Tidigare forskning visar på att en konflikt mellan arbete och familj är något som kan drabba alla, har olika bakomliggande faktorer och påverkar bland annat det subjektiva välbefinnandet. Det som har störst påverkan på konflikten är arbetsrelaterade faktorer. Syftet med studien var att undersöka kvinnliga chefers upplevelse av konflikten samt olika aspekter som de upplever kan påverka konflikten, både positivt och negativt. Deltagarna i den studien var 8 kvinnliga chefer som har eller har haft barn i åldern 2–10 år under perioden som chef. Resultatet visar på att konflikten varierar i grad utefter arbetsbelastning och kan påverkas med hjälp av en öppen och förstående arbetsplats som möjliggör planering och skapandet av sociala relationer. Förhoppningar finns om att studien ska bidra till att minska konflikten hos de individer som upplever den och öka det subjektiva välbefinnandet.

Over the past few decades it has become evident that the work/family interface is a much broader concept that does not only stress the negative side of the relationship, but also include a positive side. This refers to the process by which participation in one role (e.g. work role) is made better or easier by virtue of participation in the other role (e.g. family role). South Africa is a multicultural society, which consists of four groups (i.e. Black, White, Coloured and Indian), speaking eleven official languages. All of these groups are faced with unique and different circumstances. Apart from cultural, ethnic and linguistic differences, other divergent elements may exist (i.e. values and norms). Therefore South African employees may experience the positive side of the work/family interface differently from employees within other countries. To add to the problem, it is not clear how South African employees‟ experiences of enrichment between work and family domains compare to the experiences of employees in other countries. Furthermore, to date no measuring instrument to assess the enrichment between work and family domains in both directions (work-to-family and family-to-work) exists, that is unique to the South African context. This could pose potential problems for organisations and for future studies on the positive side of work/family in South Africa. The objectives of this research were 1) to determine how the positive side of the work/family interface, particularly work-family enrichment, is conceptualised according to the literature; 2) to develop a new work-family enrichment instrument that is suitable for the South African context and that addresses conceptual and measurement issues relating to previous positive measurements of the work/family interface; 3) to investigate the psychometric properties of the newly developed work-family enrichment instrument; and 4) to assess antecedents and outcomes of work-family enrichment among employees within the South African context. The study consisted of four phases. During the first phase, following an extensive review of literature covering the positive side of the work/family interface, a theoretical framework was proposed for the study. Thereafter, a new instrument that measures work-family enrichment was developed based on the proposed theoretical framework. The instrument was tested via Rasch modelling with a pre-limenary study (N = 527), in order to overcome some of the measurement limitations from the previous positive work-family instruments. This test was followed by investigating the psychometric properties (i.e. construct validity, discriminant validity, convergent validity and external validity; N = 627) of the newly developed MACE Work-Family Enrichment Instrument. During the final phase, antecedents, work-family enrichment and outcomes were assessed in the South African context. In both phases 3 and 4, the following instruments (accompanied by the new instrument) were utilised, namely the Work Resources Scale, Home Resources Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Family Engagement Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale, Career Satisfaction Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, Family Satisfaction Scale and the Work-family Enrichment Scale. During the first phase, the literature revealed that the positive side of the work-family interface is presented by various concepts (i.e. work-family enhancement, work-family facilitation, work-family positive spillover and work-family enrichment). The review also revealed that, to date, the work-family enrichment concept has been the only concept in literature on the positive work/family interface that is grounded in a properly developed conceptualised theoretical model. The fundamental thinking behind the work-family enrichment model is that work and family each provides individuals with resources (i.e. skills and perspectives, psychological and physical, social-capital, flexibility, material) in the one domain, that may help the individual improve the quality of his/her performance in the other domain. These resources thus enable improved performance in the other role either directly (i.e. instrumental path) or indirectly (i.e. affective path). During the second phase a new work-family enrichment instrument was developed, namely the MACE Work-Family Enrichment Instrument. This instrument was based on the proposed work-family enrichment theoretical model for both directions (i.e. work-to-family and family-to-work). Initially 133 items were developed that the researcher obtained from the existing literature, and 161 items were self-developed. During the evaluation study, various problematic items were eliminated by using the Rasch measurement model. The third phase included the validation study in which the psychometric properties of the new MACE instrument was investigated. The results provided evidence for construct validity, discriminant validity and convergent validity, and showed significant relations with external variables. Adequate internal consistency was also found for the proposed scales. The final number of items retained after this phase in the development and pilot study of the MACE Work-Family Enrichment Instrument were 34. During the final phase, various relationships were pointed out between antecedents (i.e. various work resources and home resources), work-family enrichment dimensions, as well as dimensions and outcomes of this type of enrichment. These included work-engagement dimensions, family engagement dimensions, as well as satisfaction-dimensions for work, career, life and the family environment. The results of these relationships were found to be in accordance with other literature on the positive side of the work/family interface. The present study provided evidence for the psychometric properties of the new MACE instrument, which researchers and managers can use to investigate the specific enrichment between work and family domains of employees in a South African context. The results give researchers and managers insight into the specific antecedents (e.g. work resources) and outcomes (e.g. job satisfaction) that play a role in work-family enrichment. This insight can be used as basis on which interventions can be developed to deal with these issues currently. Recommendations were also made for future research. / PhD (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014