Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-06-01T14:54:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Helena Beatriz Rower.pdf: 1700201 bytes, checksum: e1cfc9673a0cf09e95b5175f18b6ad50 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-01T14:54:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Helena Beatriz Rower.pdf: 1700201 bytes, checksum: e1cfc9673a0cf09e95b5175f18b6ad50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / Nenhuma / Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre autopercepção de nervosismo/stress, distúrbios psiquiátricos menores (DPM) e consumo adequado de frutas, verduras e legumes (FVL). Método: Este é um estudo transversal de base populacional com uma amostra representativa de 1100 adultos, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, residentes na zona urbana de um município de médio porte do sul do Brasil. O consumo adequado de frutas e legumes foi avaliado através de duas perguntas: uma sobre a quantidade de frutas ou suco natural de frutas consumido ao dia, e outra, a respeito do número de colheres de sopa de verduras/legumes consumidos ao dia. Considerou-se como consumo adequado a ingestão de três ou mais frutas ao dia concomitante com cinco ou mais colheres de sopa de verduras/legumes ao dia. As exposições principais variáveis foram autopercepção de nervosismo/stress e DPM. Para fornecer uma estimativa das razões de prevalências (RP) brutas e ajustadas, utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson. Potenciais fatores de confusão eram variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e comportamentais. Resultados: Ao analisar a amostra total, observaram-se associações significativas entre o desfecho com a autopercepção de nervosismo/stress e DPM. Após o controle de fatores de confusão, adultos relatando ausência de nervosismo/stress possuíam uma prevalência de consumo adequado duas vezes maior do que aqueles com resposta positiva (RP=1,99; IC95% 1,17-3,37; p=0,010). Similarmente, participantes com ausência de DPM possuíam uma prevalência de consumo adequado FVL 52% mais elevada quando comparados àqueles que relataram presença de DPM (RP=1,52; IC95% 1,10-2,10; p=0,016). Quando estratificada para o sexo, este efeito se manteve e aumentou nas mulheres, perdendo efeito e significância estatística entre os homens. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a saúde mental pode ter papel importante para o consumo adequado de FVL, especialmente entre as mulheres. / Objective: To assess the association between mental health with adequate fruits and vegetables consumption. Method: This is a population based cross-sectional with a representative sample of 1,100 adult subjects living in the urban area of a medium size city in Souther Brazil. The adequate fruits and vegetables ́ intake was evaluated through two questions: one asking the quantity of fruit or fresh natural juice ingested on a daily basis; the other asking the number of soup spoons of vegetables consumed in a day. It was considered as an adequate intake the ingestion of three or more portions of fruit and of five or more soup spoons of vegetables. The main exposures were self-reported nervousness/stress and minor psychiatric disorders (MPD). In order to provide an estimation of the unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) Poisson regression was used. Potential confounding factors were demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral. Results: When the full sample was analyzed, a significant association between the nervousness/stress self-awareness and minor psychiatric disturbances was found. After controlling for the confounding factors, adults reporting absence were 2 times more likely to have the appropriate daily fruits and vegetables intake than those reporting presence of stressfull/nervous estates (PR=1,99; CI95% 1,17-3,37; p=0,010). In the same way, subjects not reporting mental disorders had a prevalence of adequate intake FVL 52% higher compared to those who had MPD (PR=1,52; CI95% 1,10-2,10; p=0,016). When stratified by gender, this effect was kept and increased in women. However, it lost its effect and statistical significance among men. Conclusion: The results suggests that the mental health may have an important role in the adequate intake of fruits and vegetables, especially among women.

Introdução: O atual estilo de vida traz consequências negativas no que se refere aos padrões dietéticos, nível de atividade física (AF), uso de tabaco e estresse psicossocial, os quais predispõem ao aumento de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis. Dieta rica em frutas, legumes e verduras (FLV) pode atenuar os efeitos sobre o risco cardiometabólico, havendo evidências consistentes de benefícios na prevenção da obesidade, dislipidemia e diabetes tipo 2. O consumo de FLV, fontes de vitaminas e minerais essenciais para a homeostase corporal está aquém do desejado. Estes alimentos contribuem para um perfil cardiometabólico favorável, atenuando o estresse oxidativo, inflamação e resistência à insulina. Objetivo: Este estudo analisou a associação entre o consumo FLV e de certos micronutrientes com marcadores do estado oxidativo, inflamatório e de resistência à insulina em indivíduos de risco cardiometabólico. Métodos:Nesta análise transversal foram incluídos 205 participantes (65 por cento mulheres; média de idade de 54,1 anos) do Estudo de Prevenção de Diabetes do CS-Escola da FSP-USP, com pré-diabetes ou de síndrome metabólica sem diabetes. Foram submetidos a questionários e coletas de sangue. Entre as dosagens, a superóxido dismutase (SOD) e a LDL oxidada (LDLox) serviram para indicar o estado anti/pró-oxidativo. O nível de AF foi medido pela versão longa do IPAQ. Três recordatórios alimentares de 24h foram empregados para cálculo da ingestão de micronutrientes e de FLV. Três categorias de consumo de FLV consumidas foram criadas considerando-se a recomendação internacional e a ingestão de micronutrientes estratificada segundo tercis de consumo, analisados por ANOVA. Coeficiente de Pearson e regressão linear múltipla foram também empregados. Resultados: Os participantes consumiram uma média de 1800 kcal/dia e 3,7 porções/1000 kcal de FLV. Ao longo das categorias de ingestão de FLV, os valores médios de circunferência da cintura (p=0,06) e pressão arterial diastólica (p=0,05) tenderam a diminuir e adiponectina (p=0,05) a aumentar. Indivíduos no tercil mais alto de ingestão de zinco apresentaram valores mais baixos de massa gorda e HOMA-IR, enquanto as concentrações de PCR foram marginalmente significantes (p=0,06). O HOMA-IR associou-se inversamente com ingestão de zinco e magnésio em todos os modelos. Associações diretas foram encontradas entre as concentrações de SOD com ingestão de FLV, bem como de magnésio em modelos ajustados. A concentração de LDLox se associou inversamente a ingestões de magnésio, vitaminas C e E em modelos ajustados. Resultados similares foram encontrados entre a concentração de LDLox e FLV, mas perdeu a significância após ajustes. Associação direta entre LDLox e ingestão de selênio manteve-se nos modelos ajustados. Conclusão: Nosso estudo sugere que a análise do consumo de FLV e/ou de certas vitaminas e minerais, ainda que estejam abaixo dos níveis recomendados, pode ser útil para identificar estresse oxidativo e resistência à insulina. / Introduction: Current lifestyle has deleterious consequences in dietary habits, physical activity, smoking and psychosocial stress, which have predisposed to non-communicable chronic diseases. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables can attenuate the effects on cardiometabolic risk, and there is consistent evidence of its benefit on the prevention of obesity, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes. Worldwide the consumption of fruits and vegetables, sources of vitamins and minerals, which are essential for body homeostasis, is low. These foods contribute to a favorable cardiometabolic profile, attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance. Objective: Associations between the consumption of certain micronutrients and fruits and vegetables with markers of oxidative status, inflammation and insulin resistance were examined in individuals at cardiometabolic risk. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 205 participants (65 per cent women, mean age 54.1 years) with pre-diabetes or with metabolic syndrome without diabetes of the Diabetes Prevention Study of the FSP-USP Health Care Unit. They were submitted to questionaires blood collection. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) were used to indicate the oxidative status. The physical activity level was measured by the long version of IPAQ. Three 24-hour dietary recalls were used to calculate intake of micronutrients and of fruits and vegetables. Three categories of fruits and vegetables consumption were created taking into consideration international recommendations, and micronutrient intake were grouped according tertiles of consumption, these categories analyzed by ANOVA. Pearsons correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression were used. Results: Participants consumed a mean of 1,800 kcal per day and 3.7/1000 kcal servings of fruit and vegetables. Mean values of waist circumference (p=0.06) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.05) tended to decrease, and adiponectin (p=0.05) to increase across the categories of fruits and vegetables intake. Individuals in the highest tertile of zinc intake showed lower values of fat mass and HOMA-IR, while CRP concentrations were marginally significant (p=0.06). HOMA-IR was inversely associated with zinc and magnesium intakes in all the models. Direct associations were found between SOD concentrations and fruits and vegetables as well as magnesium intakes in adjusted models, while oxLDL concentration was inversely associated with magnesium, vitamin C and E intakes. Similar results were found between oxLDL concentration and fruits and vegetables intake but significance disappeared after adjustments. A direct association between oxLDL and selenium intake was detected after multiple adjustments. Conclusion: Our study suggest that fruits and vegetables and/or selected vitamins and minerals intakes albeit below recommended levels may be useful to identifying oxidative stress and insulin resistance.

Introdução: O incentivo ao consumo de frutas e hortaliças ocupa importante espaço na atual agenda de promoção de saúde, já que sua ingestão insuficiente representa risco para a obesidade e doenças crônicas. O ambiente de trabalho é reconhecido como um lugar importante para facilitar este acesso e consumo. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa para promoção do consumo de frutas e hortaliças nos gestores de Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio comunitário controlado aleatorizado desenvolvido com 29 gestores de Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição (UANs) vinculadas ao Programa de Alimentação do Trabalhador, divididos em dois grupos (15 do grupo intervenção e 14 do grupo controle). Foi realizada uma intervenção multicomponente que abordou aspectos referentes ao planejamento de cardápio, oficina culinária e estratégias de motivação para o consumo de frutas e hortaliças, em quatro etapas, com intervalo médio de um mês e meio e duração média de seis meses, e em todas elas ocorreu a participação dos gestores da Unidade de Alimentação e Nutrição (UAN). A coleta de dados foi realizada antes e após a intervenção e para avaliar o seu efeito sobre os gestores, observou-se a alteração nos estágios de mudança, no planejamento do cardápio e a adesão aos materiais e recursos educativos utilizados. As associações de interesse foram estudadas por meio do teste exato de Fisher e do qui-quadrado. Resultados: Todos os gestores eram mulheres e a maioria nutricionistas. A maior parte das empresas apresentava gestão terceirizada da UAN. A intervenção não alterou os estágios de mudança dos gestores, mas observou-se que a maioria dos gestores do grupo intervenção referiu mudar o planejamento das refeições, sendo o principal motivo dessa mudança aumentar a oferta de frutas e hortaliças. Diante dos recursos educativos utilizados, os que tiveram mais adesão foram o display de mesa e a oficina culinária, assim como também, na percepção dos gestores, estes foram os recursos educativos mais efetivos. Observou-se que os materiais educativos que dependiam das empresas e dos gestores para sua implantação tiveram menor adesão que os materiais entregues pelos pesquisadores. Conclusão: Embora a intervenção não tenha alterado o estágio de mudanças dos gestores, proporcionou modificação do planejamento dos cardápios, indicando que mais ações devem ser direcionadas a esses atores para promoção da oferta e consumo de frutas e hortaliças / Introduction: The promotion of the consumption of fruits and vegetables occupies an important place on the health promotion agenda. Low intake of these foods increases the risk of developing chronic diseases and obesity. The workplace is recognized as an important place to increase access and consumption of fruits and vegetables. Objective: Evaluate the effect of an educational intervention to promote the intake of fruit and vegetables with managers of Food and Nutrition Units. Methods: A randomized intervention involving a sample of 29 managers of workplace cafeteria, participating in the Worker Food Program, divided into two groups (15 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group), was employed. A multicomponent intervention based on the ecological model of health promotion, with an average duration of six months, with four different stages was used. The cafeterias managers participated in all steps of the intervention strategies that involved aspects like menus planning, culinary workshops and motivational strategies for the intake of fruit and vegetables. Data collection occurred in two stages, before the intervention and after intervention. The effect of the intervention in the managers was investigated using the following indicators: alteration in the state of change, changes on menus planning and the adhesion to the educational resources. It was used Fishers exact test and Chi-Square test to evaluate the change. Results: All interviewed managers were women, most were dietitian and the majority of the surveyed Units were outsourced managed. The intervention did not affect the stages of change of cafeterias managers, however most of the managers in the intervention group, reported changing meal planning. The main change mentioned was the increase in the offer of fruit and vegetables. In the evaluation of educational resources used in intervention, the managers indicated the table display and culinary workshop as the most effective. It was observed that the educational materials that depended on the companies and managers for its implementation were considered less effective, in the evaluation of the managers. Conclusion: Although the intervention hasnt altered the stage of change in the managers, it provided modifications on the menus planning, designating that more actions should be directed to these players in order to promote the offer and consumption of fruit and vegetables

Introdução: O incentivo ao consumo de frutas e hortaliças ocupa importante espaço na atual agenda de promoção de saúde, já que sua ingestão insuficiente representa risco para a obesidade e doenças crônicas. O ambiente de trabalho é reconhecido como um lugar importante para facilitar este acesso e consumo. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção educativa para promoção do consumo de frutas e hortaliças nos gestores de Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um ensaio comunitário controlado aleatorizado desenvolvido com 29 gestores de Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição (UANs) vinculadas ao Programa de Alimentação do Trabalhador, divididos em dois grupos (15 do grupo intervenção e 14 do grupo controle). Foi realizada uma intervenção multicomponente que abordou aspectos referentes ao planejamento de cardápio, oficina culinária e estratégias de motivação para o consumo de frutas e hortaliças, em quatro etapas, com intervalo médio de um mês e meio e duração média de seis meses, e em todas elas ocorreu a participação dos gestores da Unidade de Alimentação e Nutrição (UAN). A coleta de dados foi realizada antes e após a intervenção e para avaliar o seu efeito sobre os gestores, observou-se a alteração nos estágios de mudança, no planejamento do cardápio e a adesão aos materiais e recursos educativos utilizados. As associações de interesse foram estudadas por meio do teste exato de Fisher e do qui-quadrado. Resultados: Todos os gestores eram mulheres e a maioria nutricionistas. A maior parte das empresas apresentava gestão terceirizada da UAN. A intervenção não alterou os estágios de mudança dos gestores, mas observou-se que a maioria dos gestores do grupo intervenção referiu mudar o planejamento das refeições, sendo o principal motivo dessa mudança aumentar a oferta de frutas e hortaliças. Diante dos recursos educativos utilizados, os que tiveram mais adesão foram o display de mesa e a oficina culinária, assim como também, na percepção dos gestores, estes foram os recursos educativos mais efetivos. Observou-se que os materiais educativos que dependiam das empresas e dos gestores para sua implantação tiveram menor adesão que os materiais entregues pelos pesquisadores. Conclusão: Embora a intervenção não tenha alterado o estágio de mudanças dos gestores, proporcionou modificação do planejamento dos cardápios, indicando que mais ações devem ser direcionadas a esses atores para promoção da oferta e consumo de frutas e hortaliças / Introduction: The promotion of the consumption of fruits and vegetables occupies an important place on the health promotion agenda. Low intake of these foods increases the risk of developing chronic diseases and obesity. The workplace is recognized as an important place to increase access and consumption of fruits and vegetables. Objective: Evaluate the effect of an educational intervention to promote the intake of fruit and vegetables with managers of Food and Nutrition Units. Methods: A randomized intervention involving a sample of 29 managers of workplace cafeteria, participating in the Worker Food Program, divided into two groups (15 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group), was employed. A multicomponent intervention based on the ecological model of health promotion, with an average duration of six months, with four different stages was used. The cafeterias managers participated in all steps of the intervention strategies that involved aspects like menus planning, culinary workshops and motivational strategies for the intake of fruit and vegetables. Data collection occurred in two stages, before the intervention and after intervention. The effect of the intervention in the managers was investigated using the following indicators: alteration in the state of change, changes on menus planning and the adhesion to the educational resources. It was used Fishers exact test and Chi-Square test to evaluate the change. Results: All interviewed managers were women, most were dietitian and the majority of the surveyed Units were outsourced managed. The intervention did not affect the stages of change of cafeterias managers, however most of the managers in the intervention group, reported changing meal planning. The main change mentioned was the increase in the offer of fruit and vegetables. In the evaluation of educational resources used in intervention, the managers indicated the table display and culinary workshop as the most effective. It was observed that the educational materials that depended on the companies and managers for its implementation were considered less effective, in the evaluation of the managers. Conclusion: Although the intervention hasnt altered the stage of change in the managers, it provided modifications on the menus planning, designating that more actions should be directed to these players in order to promote the offer and consumption of fruit and vegetables

<div>The overall goal of this thesis was to study the performance of two related portable multipurpose solar dryers, DehytrayTM and DehymeleonTM, in comparison to open-air sun drying by drying tomatoes, apples and mint under West Lafayette, Indiana weather conditions. Thin layer drying tests were conducted on tomato slices, apples slices and mint leaves, with three temperatures [24°C (75°F), 35°C (95°F) and 54 °C (130°F)], and an airflow velocity of 1 m/s to determine the drying kinetics of these products during diurnal drying cycles typical for solar and/or open-air sun drying. Subsequently, field drying tests were conducted for tomatoes slices, apples slices and mint leaves with the two solar drying technologies (DehymeleonTM and DehytrayTM) and open-air sun drying using uncovered Dehytrays as the control. The average temperatures achieved for these technologies were 45°C (113°F), 60°C (140 °F) and 27°C (80.6 °F) for the DehymeleonTM, DehytrayTM and open-air sun drying, respectively. Moisture diffusivity were in the order of 10-4 to 10-9 (m2/s) for the different methods, depending directly on the product, temperatures and air flow inside the drying chamber.</div><div><br></div><div>Quality attributes (color, vitamin C and microbial growth) were measured before and after the field drying tests. Color difference (ΔE) for DehymeleonTM solar dryer showed the least variation compared with the fresh products. However, for the DehytrayTM ΔE increased due to the impact of its higher temperature and direct sunlight exposure that led to Maillard reactions and caramelization in the case of tomatoes and apples slices. Additionally, vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) content for tomatoes and apples slices was affected for the high ranges of temperatures reached inside the Dehytray™. Denaturing of vitamin C was less observed for DehymeleonTM, maintaining values of 166 mg/100 g dm for tomatoes, and 104.2mg/100g for apples slices. There was no significant difference (α = 0.05) in the microbial growth for the DehytrayTM and open-air drying compared to the fresh product, however, there was significant difference for the DehymeleonTM when drying tomatoes and apples slices, without up one log reduction on the original microbial population. In the case of mint, DehymeleonTM had a 2.3 log reduction, which is similar to L-lactic acid sanitizer achieved by another study in the literature, compared with 0.4 log obtained by the DehytrayTM and 0.47 log obtained by open-air sun drying. The differences in microbial growth were observed because the temperatures inside the drying chamber of the DehymeleonTM was low and product moisture content was above the safe equilibrium moisture content (EMC) for both tomatoes and apples during the early critical hours at the onset of the drying process, which was favorable to mold growth. The lack of a fan to intermittently or constantly flush out humid air released from the crop dried in the DehytrayTM negatively affected its performance. The insufficient airflow in the drying chamber of the DehymeleonTM and its inability to achieve the high temperatures observed in the DehytrayTM negatively affected its performance. Both solar dryers, DehymeleonTM and DehytrayTM achieved high hygienic condition during drying due to their enclosed chambers than protected the crop from contaminant in the environments. Their portability and design for large-scale manufacturing and deployment are a positive development that would be helpful to small and mid-size growers, as well as households (home gardens). Areas for further research were highlighted.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div>

Orientador: Eduardo Paulon Girardi / Resumo: Imprescindível na manutenção das condições de acumulação do capital, o regime alimentar e a sua etapa corporativa fazem surgir os impérios alimentares, modos de ordenamento que trazem em si o potencial de controlar integralmente a produção, distribuição e consumo de alimentos. Em que pese a sua abrangência global, o controle atualmente exercido pelos impérios alimentares se realiza, efetivamente, na escala de cada um dos municípios produtores, o que evidencia a necessidade não apenas da articulação de escalas para o entendimento dos processos, mas, principalmente, da importância de pensar a produção ativa da mesma, estratégia pela qual é possível apontar caminhos para a superação das relações de dependência subentendidas às grandes cadeias de abastecimento. Nesse contexto, a expansão de monoculturas como a cana-de-açúcar e a consequente redução local e regional da produção de alimentos reforça a separação que permite aos impérios alimentares controlar produtores e consumidores. Isto posto, a partir dos referenciais teóricos e conceituais da Geografia, este trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar a validade da tese de que a expansão da cana-de-açúcar implica na redução da produção de alimentos hortifrútis e, com isso, no aumento das distâncias percorridas pelos alimentos. No estado de São Paulo, a expansão do agronegócio sucroenergético pressupõe a incorporação crescente de áreas anteriormente utilizadas para outros tipos de cultivo, o que inclui, inevitavelmente, alimentos. Com ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Essential in maintaining the conditions of capital accumulation, the food regime and its corporate stage give rise to food empires, modes of planning that bring the potential to fully control the production, distribution and consumption of food. Despite its global scope, the control currently exercised by the food empires is effectively carried out on the scale of each of the producing municipalities, which highlights the need not only for the articulation of scales to understand the processes, but mainly of the importance of thinking about its active production, a strategy by which it is possible to point out ways to overcome the dependency relationships implied by the large supply chains. In this context, the expansion of monocultures such as sugar cane and the consequent local and regional reduction of food production reinforces the separation that allows food empires to control producers and consumers. Thus, based on the theoretical and conceptual references of Geography, this research aims to demonstrate the validity of the thesis that the expansion of sugarcane implies a reduction in the production of fruits and vegetables and, thus, in the increasing distances traveled by the food. In the state of São Paulo, the expansion of sugarcane agribusiness presupposes the increasing incorporation of areas previously used for other types of cultivation, which inevitably includes food. With this, their production becomes difficult and reduced, especially at local and regional sca... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Resumen: Esencial para mantener las condiciones de acumulación del capital, lo régimen alimentario y su etapa corporativa dan lugar a imperios alimentarios, modos de planificación que brindan el potencial de controlar completamente la producción, distribución y consumo de alimentos. A pesar de su alcance global, el control que ejercen actualmente los imperios alimentarios se lleva a cabo efectivamente en la escala de cada uno de los municipios productores, lo que pone de relieve la necesidad no solo de la articulación de escalas para comprender los procesos, sino principalmente la importancia de pensar en su producción activa, una estrategia mediante la cual es posible señalar formas de superar las relaciones de dependencia que implican las grandes cadenas de suministro. En este contexto, la expansión de monocultivos como la caña de azúcar y la consiguiente reducción local y regional en la producción de alimentos refuerza la separación que permite a los imperios alimentarios controlar a los productores y consumidores. Por lo tanto, con base en los marcos teóricos y conceptuales de Geografía, este trabajo tiene como objetivo demostrar la validez de la tesis de que la expansión de la caña de azúcar implica una reducción en la producción de frutas y verduras y, por lo tanto, un aumento de las distancias viajadas por la comida. En el estado de São Paulo, la expansión de la agroindustria azucarera y energética presupone la incorporación creciente de áreas previamente utilizadas para otros ... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo) / Doutor

Food waste is a major issue from various perspectives. During the process from harvest to the end consumer, almost one-third of food produced is wasted. It is not just the wasted food during the process that is concerning, there are issues in sustainability related to food waste that need to be considered. Moreover, there has been little attention to the issue of food waste in the downstream part of the supply chain and how specific behaviours affect the issue of wasting food.This thesis explores the food waste of fresh fruits and vegetables from a consumer´s perspective. To specify, the purpose of the study is to investigate the drivers of the disposal pattern of fresh fruit and vegetables, with an emphasis on the behaviour of "Generation Y" (born 1980 – 1995). Therefore, a revised model of the Theory of Planned Behaviour is applied. Also, to understand the behaviour of "Generation Y" regarding disposal, it is expected to identify impacts on the supply chain.A deductive approach is applied to this thesis. The qualitative study was conducted with open-ended survey questions to supplement the results with the answers of the respondents. The empirical data is collected from consumers within the “Generation Y” who usually purchase their fresh fruits and vegetables for their respective households. The data was analysed using the coding analysis which involves summarization and categorization of data.The results of the research reveal that external attitudinal factors such as price and marketing perception, storage habits, and quality consciousness and internal attitudinal factors such as sustainable environmental awareness, health consciousness, and subjective norms influence the respondents’ disposal behaviour. Moreover, the sustainable attitude of “Generation Y’’ leads to most of the consumers’ waste reduction, and highly influences the supply chain.

Objectifs : Les inégalités sociales de l’alimentation sont vécues différemment parmi les populations vulnérables. Cette étude examine la relation entre le statut d’immigration, l’insécurité alimentaire (IA) et la fréquence de consommation de fruits et légumes (F/L) et de boissons sucrées (BS) dans les ménages à faible revenu pendant la pandémie de COVID-19. Méthodes : Étude transversale auprès de 467 adultes (231 immigrants, 236 personnes nées au Canada) dans quatre quartiers défavorisés de Montréal (Québec). La fréquence de consommation de F/L et de BS a été modélisée selon l’IA et l’environnement alimentaire (densité des commerces d’alimentation, perceptions d’accès physique aux aliments sains et utilisation des ressources alimentaires communautaires) pour l’échantillon total et selon le statut d’immigration. Résultats : Les immigrants consommaient plus fréquemment des F/L (3,19 ± 1,64/jour) et moins de BS (0,22 ± 0,39/jour) que ceux nés au Canada (respectivement 2,80 ± 1,78 et 0,43 ± 0,88/jour). L’IA grave était fortement associée à une fréquence de consommation moindre de F/L. L’utilisation de kiosques de F/L chez les Canadiens natifs et des perceptions positives d’accès aux aliments dans les commerces chez les immigrants étaient associées à une fréquence de consommation plus élevée de FL. L’IA modérée était associée à un rapport de cotes plus élevé de consommer plus fréquemment des BS chez les natifs du Canada tandis qu’on observe l’inverse chez les immigrants en IA grave. Conclusion : Les inégalités sociales liées à l’alimentation sont vécues différemment chez les populations à faible revenu selon leur statut d’immigration / Objectives: Social inequalities in diet exist among vulnerable populations. This study assessed relationships between immigrant status, food insecurity (FI), frequency of fruit, and vegetable (F/V), and sugary drinks intake among urban low-income households during COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional analysis among 467 adults in 2021 (231 immigrants and 236 Canadianborn individuals) in 4 disadvantaged neighborhoods in Montreal (Quebec). Frequency of F/V and sugary drinks intakes were modeled using multivariate linear regression and logistic regression respectively, including variables of food security status, the density of food stores, perceptions of physical access to healthy foods, and usage of community food resources using multivariate linear regression and logistic regression respectively, for the entire sample then stratified by immigrant status. Results: Immigrants consumed F/V (3.19 ± 1.64/day) more frequently and sugary drinks (0.22 ± 0.39/day) less regularly than Canadian-born individuals (respectively 2.80 ± 1.78 and 0.43 ± 0,88/day). Severe FI was strongly associated with lower frequency of F/V intake. When stratifying by immigrant status, using F/V kiosks was associated with higher frequency of F/V consumption among Canadian-born individuals (β=0.49 times/day, CI= [0.04, 0.94]), and positive perceptions of food access were associated with higher frequency of F/V intake among immigrants. For sugary drinks, moderate FI was associated with higher odds of consuming more frequently sugary drinks among Canadian-born individuals (OR= 4.52; CI= [1.42, 14.35]) and with lower odds among immigrants with severe FI (OR=0.19, CI= [0.05, 0.76]). Conclusion: Social inequalities associated with diet are experienced differently among lowincome populations according to their immigrant status.

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