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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relation to gender equality and power structures with-in a larger corporation. Through interviewing personnel at Göteborg Energi AB I have reached adiscussion about my research concepts – power, decision-making and gender equality. I have inves-tigated the perception of power and domination in relation to gender roles. My underlying core is agenuine interest in the question of what happens when we put equality in relation to power struc-tures. Normally these two concepts are often said to be opposed to each other. Furthermore, I hopeto highlight the discussion of gender and human rights from a power perspective to the agenda. Mytheoretical approach is based within the ongoing research on power, and the main theory is StevenLukes and his theory on a three dimensional power concept. My methodological approach is basedon general social science qualitative methods, interview techniques and research into gender. Theresults of the field study show us that Göteborg Energi AB is a technical business with a majority ofmen personnel. I can also see tendencies that power is not divided properly, as it should be withindemocratic frames. We can easily outline an existing hierarchy within the organization and theboard and senior management seem to have different understanding of how the corporation is go-verned.

The practice of child marriage is deeply rooted in the Nepali history and still occurs in today’s society, even though it is illegal. Child marriages occur frequently in the Terai region, where Nepalgunj Municipality is located. The practice has shown to affect girls’ physical and mental health, as well as their social and financial development. The study aims at investigating the practice of child marriage and its effects on girls’ education in Nepalgunj Municipality. The purpose is further to understand how women, who got married as children, and different societal actors experience the practice of child marriage in relation to girls’ education. The study acknowledges gender and social construction as a theoretical framework and applies the idea of Agenda 2030, and the associated SDGs, as the guidelines for reaching a sustainable development, where all individuals can enjoy their human rights. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather empirical material. The focus groups were carried through with women and religious leaders. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews were conducted with women and different societal actors; a principal, a government representative, and an employee at Child Workers in Nepal, CWIN, in Nepalgunj. The study showed that married girls’ chances to attend school decreased after the wedding. Several factors that affect their opportunities to continue their education after marriage were identified, such as restriction and surveillance, household work and pregnancy. The society’s idea that girls are not worth investing in also affects their chances to attend school.

The aim with this thesis is to explore why the female labour force participation (FLFP) currently is increasing in one of the most conservative regions of the world: the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), while decreasing globally. (World Bank, 2022). The ongoing process of economic diversification in the region is in this thesis suggested to be an overlooked factor behind the surge in FLFP. Drawing from political science, political economy, and sociology theory on the gendered division of labour (e.g., Peterson, 2015; Prügl, 2020), this thesis suggests that, as the economies in the GCC region becomes more diversified, more female-coded labour sectors emerge. As a result, FLFP increases. The study is conducted by time series cross section statistical analysis with a timeframe between 1995 - 2015, using data from the Quality of Government Institute (Teorell, Sundström, Holmberg, Rothstein, Pachon & Mert Dalli, 2022). The result show that economic diversification affects FLFP in the GCC region, but not on a global level. The contribution of this thesis is not only to shed light on economic diversification as an unexplored factor that affects FLFP, but also on the importance of female-coded sectors for enabling women in conservative contexts to be part of the paid labour force.

<p dir="ltr">This two-paper dissertation focuses on gender equity in higher education in the United States, specifically on workplace gender equity. There is a lack of feminist research in the literature which can have significant consequences in the development of both higher education policy and practices, as a misunderstanding about the gendered nature of educational experiences may be linked to inadequate responses to the situation. Feminist research helps understand and provide recommendations for such experiences. As such, gender equality should not only be an ethical imperative but also an emphasis in higher education. To increase gender equality in higher education, this dissertation recommends that scholars focus on feminist research. The goal of this research is to understand how gender impacts a person working in higher education by investigating historical and contemporary gender-based identities and inequities in higher education in the United States. Hence, this dissertation answers the following questions: What strides have been made to reduce gender inequity in the workplace in higher education in the United States? How does gender impact a person's career trajectory into leadership positions in higher education? As a result, this research provides recommendations for administrators and policy makers to reduce gender inequity in higher education. </p>

The    IT    industry    in    Sweden    is    today gender    segregated.    Only    20    per    cent of    peopleworking    with    IT    are    women,    and    the    same    statistics    applies    for    the    segregation    of    women    studying    IT    at    technical    universities.    The    problem    has    existed    for    decades    andtoday    many    companies    have    chosen    to    take    actions    to change    the    segregation and    work    to    become    more    gender    equal.    But    how    can    a    company    within    the    IT    industry    work    to    become    more    gender    equal?    What    strategies    and    methods    can    be    used and    what    are    the    advantages    and    disadvantages of    using them?    And    how    can companies make    use    of    media    technology and    social    media    to    impact, not    only    the    internal    organization but    alsothe    entire    industry?        The    aim    of    this    thesis    is to    discover    and    discuss    which    methods    and    strategies    companies    in    the    IT    industry    can    apply    to    become    more    gender    equal,    and    how social    media technologies can    support    gender    equality    work.    Through    a    case    study    of    a    company    within    the    IT    industry,    together    with    a    theoretical    background, different    methods    have    been    identified and    discussed.    Gender    equality    work    in    many    cases    becomes    a    work    of    organizational    change.    The    knowledge    of    gender    equality and    the    perception of    the    problem have    affect    on    what    type of    actions    that    are    taken    and    the    output    of    those    actions.    What    generally    was found    to    be    of    importance    was    the    support    from    top    management,    together    with    making    gender    equality    the    business of    the    entire    organization.    Internal    ambassadors and    extensive    communication    has helped    generating    change    of    cultural    values    and    implement    knowledge    into    the    organization.    Targeted    initiatives    in    the    recruitment    process    together    with    statistical    follow    up    and    set    goals have    affected    the    employment    of    women.    technologies have    facilitated    the    communication    and    helped    the    initiative    and    information    to spread    quickly,    as    well    as    it    has served    as    a    platform    for    discussion    for    the    employees. / IT-branschen    i    Sverige    är    i    dag    könssegregerad.    Endast    20    procent    av    de som    arbetarmed IT    är    kvinnor,    och    andelen kvinnor    som    studerar    IT    på tekniska    högskolor    och    universitet    är    densamma.    Problematiken har    existerat i    decennier    och    idag    har    många    företag    valt    att    agera    för    att    försöka    förändra segregering,    och    arbeta    för    att    bli    mer    jämställda.    Men    hur    kan    ett    företag    inom    IT-branschen    arbeta    för    att    bli    mer    jämställt?    Vilka    strategier    och    metoder    kan    användas,    och    vilka    är    fördelarna    och    nackdelarna    med    att    använda    dem?    Och    hur    kan    företag    använda    sig    av    medieteknik    och    sociala    medier    för    att    påverka,    inte    bara    den    interna    organisationen,    utan    också hela    branschen? Syftet    med    denna    uppsats är    att    identifiera    och    diskutera vilka    metoder    och    strategier    företag    inom    IT-branschen    kan    använda    för    att    bli    mer    jämställda,    och    hur    sociala    medier    teknik    kan    stödja    jämställdhetsarbetet.    Genom    en    fallstudie    av    ett    företag    inom    IT-branschen,    tillsammans    med    en    teoretisk    bakgrund,    har    olika    metoder    identifierats    och    diskuterats.Jämställdhetsarbete    blir    ofta    ett    organisationsförändringsarbete.    Kunskap    om    jämställdhet    och    uppfattningen    av    problematiken    påverkar    vilken    typ    av    åtgärder    som    genomförs och    resultatet av    dessa    åtgärder.    Vad    som    anses    vara    av    betydelse    för    jämställdhetsarbetet    är dels    att    det stödjs av högsta    ledningen,    samtidigt    som det    bör    göras    till en    angelägenhet    för    hela    organisationen.    Interna    ambassadörer    och    omfattande    kommunikation    har    hjälpt    skapa förändring    av    kulturella    värden    och    implementera    kunskap i    organisationen.    Riktade    insatser    i rekryteringsprocessen    tillsammans    med    statistisk    uppföljning    och    uppsatta    mål    har    påverkat anställningen    av    antalet    kvinnor.    Sociala    medier    har    underlättat    kommunikationen    och    hjälpte    initiativet    och    information    om    det    att    sprida    sig    snabbt,    och    social    medier har    även    fungerat    som    en    plattform    för    diskussion    för    de    anställda.

Yes / In this paper we examine empirically a key element of individualisation theory - the democratic family. We do so using the 'acid test' of family policy, and family practice, in Sweden. First we review the progress of family policy in Sweden since the 1960s, which has expressly promoted an agenda of gender equality and democracy in families, with individual autonomy for both adults and children as one key element. We then turn to family practice, looking particularly at negotiation and adult equality, lifelong parenting after separation, and children's autonomy. While Swedish policy makers and shapers seem to have developed the idea of the democratic family long before the sociologist Anthony Giddens, the results in practice have been more ambivalent. While there has been change, there is more adaptation to pre-existing gender and generational norms.