This thesis discusses rhetorical features of Indonesian research articles (RAs) in three disciplinary areas: Economics, Education and Psychology. These were written by Indonesian speakers and published mainly in university-based scientific journals. The main focus of this thesis is on the examination of the patterns of communicative purposes or ‘Moves’ and their subsequent elements or ‘Steps’ of the introduction sections of these articles. The analyses include the examination of communicative purposes and persuasive values of the texts, linguistic resources used to materialise the communicative purposes and persuasions, and the cultural factors (ie. norms, beliefs and values) and scientific practices and academic writing conventions underlying the specific rhetorical features. ¶ This study found that the macro rhetorical structure of the Indonesian RAs (ie. the Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion or IMRD pattern) is relatively similar to that of the English RAs except that, unlike in English RAs, the conclusion and suggestion section in the Indonesian RAs have a separate section. However, the communicative purposes and persuasions in the introduction sections in the two groups of the RAs (English and Indonesian) are relatively different. Differences are also found in the way that rhetorical works use the linguistic resources to materialise the communicative purposes and persuasions in the introduction sections of the two groups of RAs. Some of the rhetorical differences are because of the differences in the research practices and scientific writing conventions in Indonesian and in English speaking countries, while others are because of cultural differences reflected in the two languages. ¶ The pedagogical implication of this study is that the Indonesian RA genre needs to be explicitly taught to Indonesian students, particularly university students in order to give them more access to the content of Indonesian research, and to develop skills needed by Indonesian researchers and research writers. For this purpose, an appropriate approach needs to be developed; that is to teach the generic features of Indonesian RAs such as those in social sciences written in Bahasa Indonesia or Indonesian.

Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2009. / Title from screen (viewed on February 1, 2010). Department of English, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Ulla Connor, Thomas Upton, Aye Nu Duerksen. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-152).

This thesis explores the distinctive forms of journalism that have emerged in mainstream news websites in mainland China. Two case studies, the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the H1N1 influenza pandemic in 2009, are employed to identify features in Chinese and Western news online. Specifically, a comparison is made between the in-depth news sections of popular mainstream news websites in China and those in the United States, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. The study finds that the Chinese version of mainstream web news genre differs significantly from the Western version. This thesis argues that journalists’ practice is strongly context dependent. Distinctive economic, organizational, social and cultural factors contribute to shaping Chinese web journalism in a way that contradicts the notion of a homogeneous worldwide journalism or of a single set of norms for journalism. The study challenges the dominance of the political explanatory framework that considers political factors as the most important approach to study Chinese web-based media. In the face of a sparse literature and sporadic studies concerning the development of the internet as a novel platform in China for news production and transmission, this thesis aims to bring more academic interest to an overlooked research area and to contribute to a broader understanding of the actual diversity of global communication research.

So called ‘video essays’ on films and cinema have gained substantial popularity on the video sharing internet site YouTube in the past years. This essay explores this relatively recent type of video production from the perspective of genre analysis in order to investigate whether a pattern of form, content and style can be identified, which would suggest the emergence of a new genre. Previous research has investigated a similar genre, the film review, by identifying its pervasive or obligatory moves or stages (Taboada, 2011; de Jong & Burgers, 2013). However, video essays seem to be a rather subjective form of communication, with a clear persuasive purpose. For this reason, linguistic elements expressing evaluation, assessment, feelings and opinions are analyzed in the following under the umbrella term for evaluative language use, that is Appraisal (White, 2015). Five video essays from different creators were chosen for the present analysis, which is focused on situational, structural, and Appraisal elements. The analysis shows that there indeed are similarities between the video essays, pertaining both to their situational context and structure, and their use of evaluative language. Several overall pervasive moves were found, which suggests that the essays follow a specific structural pattern. The evaluative language indicates an intention of persuading the viewer.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Esta pesquisa analisa vestÃgios de mudanÃa e traÃos de permanÃncia em resenhas acadÃmicas produzidas entre os sÃculos XX e XXI. Para tanto, tem por objetivos: i) descrever o contexto sÃcio-histÃrico que engendra a produÃÃo e circulaÃÃo do gÃnero, ii) analisar o conteÃdo temÃtico e as unidades retÃricas a fim de comparar regularidades e singularidades na composiÃÃo dos textos, e iii) identificar os itens lexicais mais recorrentes nas resenhas e seus entrelaÃamentos com as unidades e subunidades retÃricas. A pesquisa adota o mÃtodo de abordagem indutivo e os mÃtodos de procedimento histÃrico e comparativo. A anÃlise diacrÃnica compreende um contÃnuo temporal de 62 anos que dividimos em trÃs fases geracionais: a) 1953-1970; b) 1971-2000; e c) 2001-2015. Cada fase està representada por 15 textos, somando um total de 45 exemplares que foram coletados em periÃdicos acadÃmicos da Ãrea de Letras e LinguÃstica. O empreendimento seguiu enfoques descritivos e explicativos e, mesmo recorrendo a dados estatÃsticos, procedeu-se a uma abordagem qualitativa. Buscou apoio metodolÃgico, ainda, no programa computacional AntConc 3.4.3w para discernir itens lexicais mais recorrentes em cada unidade e subunidade retÃrica. Teoricamente, està amparada em consideraÃÃes advindas da abordagem sociointeracionista de linguagem do CÃrculo de Bakhtin, dos estudos sociorretÃricos e do paradigma das TradiÃÃes Discursivas. No que diz respeito aos resultados identificamos em cada categoria de anÃlise, os achados deste trabalho levaram à identificaÃÃo de algumas mudanÃas no plano contextual desse objeto, sobretudo no que se refere ao perfil dos interlocutores que tÃm interagido por meio desse gÃnero. Percebeu-se, ainda, que ele detÃm uma linha de continuidade assegurada pela manutenÃÃo de propÃsitos comunicativos socialmente compartilhados. Quanto ao conteÃdo temÃtico, verificou-se que as resenhas englobam nÃo apenas aspectos concernentes à avaliaÃÃo de um determinado produto intelectual, mas tambÃm veicula argumentos sobre variadas conjunturas contextuais. No tocante à estrutura composicional, pÃde-se identificar padrÃes de organizaÃÃo retÃrica que apresentam itens lexicais caracterÃsticos e frequÃncias que oscilam entre cada fase geracional. A configuraÃÃo grafoespacial e paratextual, de igual modo, aponta para transformaÃÃes que revelam novas formas de materializar as resenhas acadÃmicas. Esses resultados corroboram para o entendimento de que esses artefatos socioculturais se ajustam Ãs demandas e especificidades dos momentos histÃricos que os circunscrevem. Espera-se que essas reflexÃes contribuam para uma maior compreensÃo acerca do carÃter social e diacrÃnico dos gÃneros textuais trazendo implicaÃÃes teÃricas e pedagÃgicas. / This research analyzes traces of changes and permanence traits in book reviews produced between 20th and 21th Century. Therefore, it has three objectives. The first aim is to describe the socio-historical context that engenders the production and circulation of the genre. The second objective is to analyze the thematic content and the rhetorical pattern in order to compare regularities and singularities in the compositional structure of the texts. Our last goal is to identify recurrent lexical items in book reviews and their entanglements with the rhetorical moves and subunits. It adopts an inductive approach and historical-comparative methods. The diachronic analysis comprises a 62-year time continuum divided into three generational phases: a) 1953-1970; b) 1971-2000; e c) 2001-2015. Each phase is represented by 15 texts, accounting 45 samples that were collected in academic journals of Linguistics. This project followed descriptive and explanatory approaches and even using statistical data, we proceeded with a qualitative approach. We find methodological support also in the software AntConc 3.4.3w to discern the most frequent lexical items in each rhetorical move and units. Theoretically, it is based on considerations that raised from sociointeracionist approach of language from Bakhtin Circle, rhetorical studies of genre and the paradigm of Discursive Traditions. With regard to the results identified in each category of analysis, this study led to the identification of some changes in the contextual level, especially as regards the profile of the interlocutors who have interacted through this genre. It was also noticed that it has a line of continuity ensured by the permanence of some communicative purposes. We also found that the thematic content of book reviews covers not only aspects of a particular work, but also express positions on different contextual features. Regarding the compositional structure, it was possible to identify some rhetoric patterns that articulate themselves with specific lexical items. They also have frequencies that oscillate in each generational phase. The graphic, spatial and paratextual configuration, likewise, points to changes that revel new forms to materialize book reviews. These results corroborate to understand that genres fit in the needs and specificities of the historical moments in which they are linked. We hope that these reflections contribute to a larger understanding of the social and diachronic character of genres bringing theoretical and pedagogical implications.

Orientador: Ines Signorini / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T13:41:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Behling_Janaina_M.pdf: 1000890 bytes, checksum: ac6ff74aa94ca0bb5b7423c21334213a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Este trabalho partiu da necessidade de estudar mais detalhadamente a produção e análise de resumos de comunicação, gênero textual típico de comunidades científicas como a Associação Brasileira de Linguística. Compreender os resumos de comunicação como gêneros textuais implica no reconhecimento de que estes textos são, principalmente, resultados de ações tipificadas que dão formas a intenções compartilhadas por membros de determinada Comunidade Científica. Utilizando os conceitos de comunidade discursiva de John Swales, faz-se pertinente um estudo de gêneros textuais que diga sobre seu contexto de produção, levando em conta o conceito de agenciamento da escrita postulado por Charles Bazerman, que diz respeito aos modos pelos quais os gêneros são recursos evidenciadores de inúmeros 'liames' pelos quais a escrita constitui e é constituída em comunidades específicas. Apresenta-se a relação de mais de mil resumos publicados nos encontros da Abralin ocorridos nos anos de 1994, 2001 e 2005. Foi possível observar, na análise de alguns resumos representativos, que estes textos são resultado de agenciamentos da escrita científica, dada a necessidade de se publicar teses de pesquisa nas comunidades de linguístas. Tais publicações apresentam reflexões sobre a condição humana dos pesquisadores da linguagem, estando eles, necessariamente, em contado com o (des)conhecido, na iminência de descobertas fragmentadas. / Abstract: This work stemmed from the need to study more closely the production and analysis of summaries of communication, textual types of typical scientific communities as the Brazilian Association of Language. Understanding the summaries of means textual communication genres as the recognition that these texts are, primarily, results from actions that give ways typified the intentions shared by members of a particular scientific community. Using the concepts of community discourse of John Swale, it is pertinent to a study of textual genres that part of the context of production, taking into account the concept of the agency's written postulated by Charles Bazerman, which concerns the ways in which the genera resources are evidence of many 'read' by which the writing is and is formed in specific communities. It shows the ratio of over one thousand abstracts published in the meetings of ABRALIN occurred in 1994, 2001 and 2005. It was possible to observe, to analyze some short covering, that these texts are the result of scientific agencies of writing, given the need to publish theses in the search for linguistic communities. Such publications have thoughts about the human condition of the researchers of language, with them, necessarily, to contact with the (un) known, on the verge of discoveries fragmented. / Mestrado / Lingua Materna / Linguistica Aplicada

This essay analyses fifty electronic Nigerian scam letters or spam in order to find out whether they can be considered a genre of their own according to Swales’ (1990) definition. It is comparing the Nigerian scam letters to sales promotion letters, as presented by Bhatia (1993). The functional moves Bhatia (1993) found in the sales promotion letters were applied to the Nigerian scam letters, and three functional moves unique for the scam letters were established. The functional moves specific to the Nigerian scam letters together with the scam letters’ compatibility with Swales’ (1990) definition of genre, give support for this essay’s argument that the Nigerian scam letters constitute a genre of their own.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The debate among researchers involved with the investigation of writing in Brazil has been focused on the study of genres as objects for teaching (CRISTÓVÃO; NASCIMENTO, 2005; LOPES-ROSSI, 2005; MOTTA-ROTH, 2006; MACHADO; CRISTÓVÃO, 2006). In this scenario, pedagogical issues have been most explored, while little attention has been paid to the process of research itself. However, as authors have pointed out (MOITA LOPES, 1994; MOTTA-ROTH, 2005), analyzing the forms of investigation plays an important role in the very shaping of epistemology in a given field. This work has the objective of contributing to the methodological debate in Applied Linguistics (AL) by focusing on research about writing (its process, teaching, learning and analysis). The intent is to identify discourses about writing and its investigation by analyzing research reports on the topic as well as data from electronic interviews with authors of these reports and editors of the journals selected. The theoretical and methodological framework includes Systemic Functional Linguistics (HALLIDAY, 1989; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) and Genre Analysis (SWALES, 1990; 1998; 2004). The analysis of the corpus shows that the methodological report in the area constitutes itself as a silent or clipped discourse, including few explanations about methodological choices and about the research process implemented. On the one hand, the theoretical discourse in the reports is the one which understands writing as a social practice. On the other hand, the research designs suggest that the studies are lacking a thick description of the contexts in which writing constitutes social practices. These discourses about the nature of writing and about the research on writing contrast with each other, question each other, and show the necessity of rethinking the research practice over and over again, given the contingencies of this complex object of investigation writing. / O debate entre pesquisadores envolvidos com a investigação da escrita no Brasil tem priorizado o estudo dos gêneros textuais como objetos de ensino (por exemplo, CRISTÓVÃO; NASCIMENTO, 2005; LOPES-ROSSI, 2005; MOTTA-ROTH, 2006; MACHADO; CRISTÓVÃO, 2006). Nesse sentido, as pesquisas têm se centrado em questões relativas à prática pedagógica, ao passo que há uma carência de estudos acerca do próprio processo de pesquisa na área. A análise das formas de investigação, no entanto, exerce papel fundamental na construção da epistemologia de uma dada área (MOITA LOPES, 1994; MOTTA-ROTH, 2005). Com o presente estudo, busco contribuir para o debate metodológico na Lingüística Aplicada (LA) ao enfocar a pesquisa acerca da escrita (seu processo, ensino, aprendizagem e análise). O objetivo é identificar discursos sobre a escrita e sua investigação pela análise de relatos de pesquisa publicados sobre o tema em periódicos de LA e pela análise de entrevistas com autores desses relatos e editores dos periódicos selecionados. O suporte teórico-metodológico da pesquisa inclui a Lingüística Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY, 1989; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) e a Análise de Gênero (SWALES, 1990; 1998; 2004). A análise do corpus evidencia que o relato da metodologia na área se constitui como um discurso silenciado ou sintético, com escassas explicações das opções metodológicas e do processo de pesquisa empreendido, em termos da abordagem, dos procedimentos e das categorias de análise. O discurso teórico predominante sobre a natureza da escrita é aquele que a concebe como prática social, evocando seu caráter situado, como fenômeno sociodiscursivo. Por outro lado, os desenhos de pesquisa sugerem que os estudos carecem de uma descrição mais densa dos contextos em que a escrita constitui práticas sociais. Esses discursos sobre a natureza da escrita e sobre sua investigação se chocam, se questionam, e reiteram a necessidade de que a prática de pesquisa seja continuamente repensada, dadas as contingências desse objeto de investigação complexo a escrita.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第19082号 / 人博第735号 / 新制||人||176(附属図書館) / 26||人博||735(吉田南総合図書館) / 32033 / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻 / (主査)教授 田地野 彰, 教授 西山 教行, 准教授 中森 誉之 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

Writing effectively in an academic setting is a challenge for many students, especially at the graduate level. Graduate students often struggle with the demands of writing a thesis, which is a specific genre of writing with its own set of standards, norms and conventions. The difficulties described above deepen for students who have to write in their second language. Since language and writing are culture specific, each language has its own unique rhetorical conventions. By comparing three different theses, this study aims to identify the differences between Thai and English discourse. Understanding these differences will provide some guidance to Thai students who are writing their theses in English.