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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Eldrift inom skärgårdstrafiken : Ekonomiskt försvarbart eller en ren förlustaffär?

Niklasson, David, Karlsson, Nicklas January 2016 (has links)
Allt eftersom tekniken utvecklas blir elektrisk framdrift ett adekvat alternativ till konventionellt dieselmaskineri, särskilt inom den svenska skärgårdstrafiken eftersom det ofta handlar om korta distanser. En av de allra viktigaste faktorerna vid ett nybygge eller en konvertering av ett fartyg är kostnaden. Den här rapporten belyser de olika utmaningarna som ett mindre skärgårdsrederi möter vid en konvertering till elektrisk framdrivning. Det studien fokuserar på är vilka aspekter man behöver ta hänsyn till vid en konvertering, främst den ekonomiska aspekten och de miljövinster som en konvertering medför. Data har jämförts över hur mycket kostnaderna skiljer sig, för konverteringen och den framtida driften mellan hybriddrift och konventionell drift. Intervjuer har även genomförts med anställda på Koster Marin AB, som varit inblandade i konverteringen till hybriddrift av deras nyinköpta fartyg Kosterbris. Resultatet visar att hybriddrift är ett bättre alternativ än batteridrift för Koster Marin. / With the advance of technology electric propulsion is becoming a plausible alternative to conventional propulsion with diesel engines. Especially for the ferry traffic within the Swedish archipelago, where the conditions often are more favourable to alternatives like battery powered propulsion. One of the most important factors when building a ship or converting an existing one to hybrid propulsion is the cost. This study sheds light on the different challenges a small shipping company could face, when converting a ship. The study primarily focuses on the economic and environmental perspectives. A comparison has been made over the expenses for hybrid- and conventional propulsion, with the conversion and operation in mind. Interviews have also been conducted with employees of Koster Marin AB, who has been involved with the conversion of the company’s recently purchased vessel Kosterbris. The result shows that a hybrid solution is a better option than battery powered operation for Kosterbris.
2

Assessing the potential of fuel saving and emissions reduction of the bus rapid transit system in Curitiba, Brazil

Dreier, Dennis January 2015 (has links)
The transport sector contributes significantly to global energy use and emissions due to its traditional dependency on fossil fuels. Climate change, security of energy supply and increasing mobility demand is mobilising governments around the challenges of sustainable transport. Immediate opportunities to reduce emissions exist through the adoption of new bus technologies, e.g. advanced powertrains. This thesis analysed energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of conventional, hybrid-electric, and plug-in hybrid-electric city buses including two-axle, articulated, and biarticulated chassis types (A total of 6 bus types) for the operation phase (Tank-to-Wheel) in Curitiba, Brazil. The systems analysis tool – Advanced Vehicle Simulator (ADVISOR) and a carbon balance method were applied. Seven bus routes and six operation times for each (i.e. 42 driving cycles) are considered based on real-world data. The results show that hybrid-electric and plug-in hybrid-electric two-axle city buses consume 30% and 58% less energy per distance (MJ/km) compared to a conventional two-axle city bus (i.e. 17.46 MJ/km). Additionally, the energy use per passenger-distance (MJ/pkm) of a conventional biarticulated city bus amounts to 0.22 MJ/pkm, which is 41% and 24% lower compared to conventional and hybrid-electric two-axle city buses, respectively. This is mainly due to the former’s large passenger carrying capacity. Large passenger carrying capacities can reduce energy use (MJ/pkm) if the occupancy rate of the city bus is sufficient high. Bus routes with fewer stops decrease energy use by 10-26% depending on the city bus, because of reductions in losses from acceleration and braking. The CO2 emissions are linearly proportional to the estimated energy use following from the carbon balance method, e.g. CO2 emissions for a conventional two-axle city bus amount to 1299 g/km. Further results show that energy use of city bus operation depends on the operation time due to different traffic conditions and driving cycle characteristics. An additional analysis shows that energy use estimations can vary strongly between considered driving cycles from real-world data. The study concludes that advanced powertrains with electric drive capabilities, large passenger carrying capacities and bus routes with a fewer number of bus stops are beneficial in terms of reducing energy use and CO2 emissions of city bus operation in Curitiba.

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