This thesis examines the influence of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and perceptions of organizational justice on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) of private primary school teachers in Ankara. Previous research has shown that these three variables are significantly correlated with OCB. The effect of these three variables on OCB are studied collectively in the education sector. The study of the effects of the three variables on OCB are rare in Turkey, especially in the education sector which experienced dramatic changes in 2005-2006 education year due to the initiation of a new curriculum at the primary education. The new curriculum is student centered and has changed the methods of teaching drastically. Therefore the role of the teacher has to be changed. OCB is especially important in the times of change and may help to adapt to a changing environment especially facing tough competition. Among the three antecedent variables, organizational commitment and perceived procedural justice are found to account for a significant amount of variance in OCBs of private primary school teachers in our sample. The findings are discussed and future research needs are reviewed especially from the perspective of impression management.

Les besoins en dispositifs opto/hyperfréquences, pour moduler les informations en transit sur les réseaux de télécommunications fibrés et hertziens, ont conduit au développement de matériaux organiques actifs en optique non linéaire, prometteurs en terme de performance mais limités par une faible stabilité dans le temps de leurs propriétés.<br />L'objectif de ce travail était de caractériser les propriétés optiques du polymère PGMA-DR1 (PIII), ainsi que d'étudier sa mise en forme et son intégration dans une structure guidante en vue de la réalisation d'un modulateur électro-optique.<br />La caractérisation de l'orientation des chromophores du PIII par génération de seconde harmonique a mis en évidence la capacité du matériau, après réticulation, à conserver ses propriétés sur une durée de plus d'un an. La structuration du polymère d'étude sous la forme d'un guide d'onde canal monomode, par un procédé de photolithographie et de gravure ionique réactive, nous a permis d'étudier ses propriétés de guidage, conduisant à des atténuations linéiques comprises entre 10 dB/cm et 3 dB/cm à 1,55 µm. De plus, des techniques alternatives de structuration du polymère par impression ont été étudiées. Les procédés d'emboutissage à chaud et de réplique par moulage permettent de simplifier la technologie de réalisation des guides. Finalement, la possibilité de réaliser in-situ l'étape d'orientation des chromophores, par procédé de poling en géométrie plan-plan, lors de la mise en forme du matériau a été démontrée.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2003. / Title from title page screen, viewed Aug. 13, 2004. Dissertation Committee: Rodney P. Riegle, Barbara S. Heyl (co-chairs), Mary Anne Moffitt, Amee Adkins, Will Ashton. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-116) and abstract. Also available in print.

Introduction: Le but de l’étude était d’examiner l’effet des matériaux à empreintes sur la précision et la fiabilité des modèles d’études numériques. Méthodes: Vingt-cinq paires de modèles en plâtre ont été choisies au hasard parmi les dossiers de la clinique d’orthodontie de l’Université de Montréal. Une empreinte en alginate (Kromopan 100), une empreinte en substitut d’alginate (Alginot), et une empreinte en PVS (Aquasil) ont été prises de chaque arcade pour tous les patients. Les empreintes ont été envoyées chez Orthobyte pour la coulée des modèles en plâtre et la numérisation des modèles numériques. Les analyses de Bolton 6 et 12, leurs mesures constituantes, le surplomb vertical (overbite), le surplomb horizontal (overjet) et la longueur d’arcade ont été utilisés pour comparaisons. Résultats : La corrélation entre mesures répétées était de bonne à excellente pour les modèles en plâtre et pour les modèles numériques. La tendance voulait que les mesures répétées sur les modèles en plâtre furent plus fiables. Il existait des différences statistiquement significatives pour l’analyse de Bolton 12, pour la longueur d’arcade mandibulaire, et pour le chevauchement mandibulaire, ce pour tous les matériaux à empreintes. La tendance observée fut que les mesures sur les modèles en plâtre étaient plus petites pour l’analyse de Bolton 12 mais plus grandes pour la longueur d’arcade et pour le chevauchement mandibulaire. Malgré les différences statistiquement significatives trouvées, ces différences n’avaient aucune signification clinique. Conclusions : La précision et la fiabilité du logiciel pour l’analyse complète des modèles numériques sont cliniquement acceptables quand on les compare avec les résultats de l’analyse traditionnelle sur modèles en plâtre. / Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different impression materials on the accuracy and reliability of digital models. Methods: Models from 25 patients selected at random from the files of the Department of Orthodontics at the University of Montreal were used in this study. One alginate (Kromopan 100 alginate, Italy), 1 alginate alternative (Alginot, Kerr Dentistry, Orange, CA), and 1 PVS (Aquasil, Dentsply Caulk, Milford, DE) impression was taken of both arches of each patient and sent to Orthobyte (Othobyte Digital Technology inc., Calgary, AB) for fabrication of a plaster model and scanning for production of a digital model. The Bolton 6 and 12 analyses and their constituent measurements, overbite, overjet, and arch length were used for the comparison. Results: The repeatability of measurements using both the plaster and digital methods was good to excellent, with the plaster measurements tending to be more reliable. There were statistically significant differences in the Bolton 12 and mandibular arch length and spacing measurements for all impression materials, with the plaster models tending to give a smaller measurement for the Bolton 12 and a higher measurement for the mandibular arch length and spacing. Although statistically significant differences in some measurements were found for the reliability and validity of digital models, none was clinically significant. Conclusions: The accuracy and reliability of the software for comprehensive cast analysis is clinically acceptable and reproducible when compared with traditional plaster study model analysis.

Nous présentons, ici, l'adaptation d'un procédé technologique de dépôt de par jet de matière, communément appelé jet d'encre, pour la réalisation de profil de phase sur un verre pixellisé. L'étude des phénomènes complexes, mis en jeu dans le procédé jet d'encre, nous a permis d'identifier et de comprendre les interactions fortes entre les propriétés physico-chimiques des liquides fonctionnels et les contraintes technologiques des têtes d'impression. Ainsi, le contrôle des paramètres d'impression nous a permis d'optimiser la formation des gouttes éjectées. Dans un second temps, l'étude des problématiques de remplissage des microstructures pixellisées a été abordée. Différentes stratégies d'impression ont été proposées pour limiter l'impact des défauts d'impression rencontrés. Un procédé informatique de tramage a ensuite été développé, pour définir un profil de phase et gérer spatialement la volumétrie des dépôts. Les étapes de scellement et de planarisation des films microstructurés remplis ont également été abordées ainsi que les difficultés liées à leur mise en Suvre. Enfin, un exemple de réalisation d'une lentille de Fresnel plane par procédé jet d'encre et sa caractérisation optique ont été détaillées, montrant ainsi le travail de développement réalisé lors de la thèse.

This study investigates the phenomenon of impression management in computer-mediated communication (CMC), particularly chat rooms. Past research has overlooked the occurrence of this phenomenon; however, connections can be drawn from the body of research on impression management in face-to-face communication as well as the body of research on CMC. Indeed, impression management is an integral part of chat room interaction.A screening survey was administered to 382 college students to identify those students who interacted in chat rooms regularly and admitted to engaging in impression management and misrepresenting their identities. Ten such students were interviewed. Their accounts were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using the grounded theory methodology. The analysis revealed that a set of antecedent conditions influence the phenomenon of impression management, which is managed by two action/interactional strategies and results in an outcome. / Department of Speech Communication

This qualitative study is aimed to explore the leaders’ experiences of difficult conversations in their work. We have examined if they take on a different role during the difficult conversations and how communication can affect their leadership during the conversation. We have also examined the importance of the leaders’ ability to distance themselves from the sensitive subject and situation, to maintain their role as leaders. We conducted six interviews with leaders who often convey difficult messages in their daily work. The interviews were based on a semi- structured interview guide. The interview results were analyzed with the help of George H. Mead´s role-taking theory and his concept of "I" and "Me", and Erving Goffman´s dramaturgical perspective and impression management concept. The theories and concepts contributed to a deeper understanding of leaders´ experiences regarding difficult conversations. According to the results, the leaders seem to practice Role-taking in their everyday work, to be able to distance themselves from the sensitive subject and avoid getting too emotionally involved. Impression management also appears to be a useful tool that leaders use in order to control the situation during the difficult conversation. Communication, both verbal and non-verbal communication is something that is perceived by the leaders, to have an impact on the impression that the employee gets during the difficult conversations. Adapting the leaders´ ways of communication can therefore help to influence, and regulate the experience, impression and reaction the employee will have. / I denna kvalitativa studie undersöker vi ledares erfarenheter av svåra samtal i arbetslivet, om dessa intar en annan roll vid svåra samtal samt på vilket sätt kommunikationen kan påverka ledarskapet under samtalet. Vi undersökte även vilken betydelse distansering har för att lyckas behålla sin roll som ledare. Vi har genomfört 6 intervjuer med ledare som ofta förmedlar svåra budskap i sitt arbete. Intervjuerna gjordes utifrån en semistrukturerad intervjuguide. Sedan analyserades resultatet med hjälp av George H. Meads teori om rollövertagande och begreppen den generaliserade andre, I och Me. Samt Erving Goffmans teori om den dramaturgiska handlingsmodellen och begreppet intrycksstyrning. Teorierna och begreppen bidrog till en djupare förståelse av ledares erfarenheter av svåra samtal. Rollövertagande verkar enligt resultaten vara något som ledarna utövar, för att enklare kunna utföra sitt arbete och distansera sig, för att inte bli för emotionellt engagerad. Intrycksstyrning verkar också vara ett användbart verktyg som ledare använder sig av för att styra situationen under samtalet. Kommunikation, både verbal och icke-verbal uppfattas ha en påverkan på intrycket som medarbetaren får. Anpassning av ledarens sätt att kommunicera på kan hjälpa till att styra och reglera medarbetarens intryck och reaktion.

People are reluctant to transmit bad news, which is named as the MUM effect in the literature. One explanation of this effect suggests that people do not want to construct negative impressions by being associated with bad news. On the other hand, people are also willing to transmit good news which is largely ignored in the literature. In this study, transmission of good news is examined from an impression management perspective. It was suggested that people would be more likely to transmit good news and less likely to transmit bad news when they were dependent on the recipient of the news than when they were not. Four variables, likeability, perceived favor doing, expectations of gratitude and ulterior motives were hypothesized as potential mediators. Also, self &ndash / esteem, self &ndash / monitoring, Narcissism and Machiavellianism were assessed as personality variables. University students (N = 306) participated in a scenario study, with the valence of the news (good / bad) and outcome dependence on the recipient (high / low) as independent variables. The main dependent variable was transmission likelihood of the news. Results showed that, high dependence participants were more likely to transmit good news than low dependence participants. In contrast, high dependence participants were less likely to transmit bad news than low dependence participants. Moreover, likeability was found to be a partial mediator of the relationship. Participants tend to think that they would be perceived as more likeable if they transmit good news and thus they were more likely to communicate the good news. From the personality variables only Machiavellianism had a significant effect. High Machs were more likely to transmit good news in high dependence condition than did low Machs. The results of the study were discussed in the relevant literature.

過去在防禦型印象管理策略前因的探討相當缺乏，應徵者端的前因文獻存在缺口，故本研究欲探討防禦型印象管理的三種策略：「道歉」、「開脫」與「合理化」策略的選擇因素包含應徵者的自我監控特質與國籍差異，並將五大人格特質納為本研究的控制變項。本研究採問卷法，透過紙本與網路兩種收集管道，總共收集了台灣與非台灣(歐洲)兩地共171份有效樣本，其中台灣為102份，非台灣(歐洲)則為69份。 本研究結果指出，應徵者在進行防禦型印象管理戰術選擇時會因國籍的不同而有差異，特別是對於「道歉」與「開脫」策略的影響，台灣樣本傾向使用前者，而歐洲樣本則傾向使用後者，然而「合理化」策略並未有差異；至於自我監控特質則僅影響「合理化」策略的使用，對「道歉」與「開脫」策略的使用並無影響。本研究結果同時提供面試官與應徵者如何解讀防禦型印象管理戰術；對企業而言，面試官並無法完全藉由應徵者使用的防禦型印象管理戰術推測其自我監控特質；對應徵者而言，合理化策略在研究結果中為一保守且安全的策略使用。 / In the past, there are lacks of researches studied about the antecedent of defensive impression management tactics. Especially the antecedents of applicants’ side are still unknown, and that is the purpose of this research. This research plans to explore the effects of applicants’ self-monitoring and nationality differences on the choices of applicants’ defensive impression management tactic. Paper and online questionnaire methods were conducted. 171 samples were been collected which were from Taiwan and non-Taiwan (Europe). There were 102 samples from Taiwan area and 69 samples were from non-Taiwan area which is Europe area. The results show that the nationality differences affect applicants’ choices of defensive management tactics, especially apology and excuse tactics. Samples from Taiwan area tend to choose apology tactic. However, samples from non-Taiwan (Europe) area prefer to choose excuse tactic in the same situation. And self-monitoring only affects justification tactic. These results can provide the guidance for both interviewers and applicants. For interviewers, it’s not suitable to infer applicant’s self-monitoring by the tactic he/she chose. And for applicants, justification tactic could be a safe option in such situation.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed June 30, 2010). Additional advisors: Loretta A. Cormier, James C. McCroskey, Larry Powell. Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-29).