Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-03-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:58:14Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 munozchavez_a_me_arafo.pdf: 1098693 bytes, checksum: 17a654ba992a69bd6c38b4699551735e (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Dentre as inúmeras fases clínicas e laboratoriais de um tratamento protético, as técnicas de moldagem para próteses implantossuportadas são ainda responsáveis por grande preocupação e controvérsia entre os pesquisadores. Este estudo in vitro teve como objetivo avaliar a precisão de uma técnica de registro (Index) e de três técnicas de moldagem (transferentes Quadrados, Quadrados unidos e Quadrados com prolongamentos em forma de hélice) associadas a duas situações clinicas (análogos alinhados e não-alinhados). Todos os componentes protéticos utilizados foram da empresa Conexão (Conexão Sistemas de Prótese). Foi construído um modelo mestre de resina epóxica simulando um arco inferior parcialmente desdentado onde foram fixados seis análogos de pilares Micro-Unit. Duas estruturas metálicas de três elementos sendo três alinhados e três não-alinhados e vinte e uma moldeiras individuais de resina acrílica foram confeccionadas. O material de moldagem utilizado foi um poliéter (Impregum Soft Média Viscosidade - 3M ESPE) e o gesso empregado foi um gesso tipo IV (FujiRock -GC Corp), espatulado à vácuo. Foi obtido um total de vinte e um modelos, sendo sete por técnica, mais sete registros do index... / The present in vitro study compared the dimensional accuracy of a master cast (control group) with verification jig (Index) and 3 impression techniques (squared impression copings, squared impression copings splinted with autopolymerizing acrylic resin and squared impression copings with prolongations created from autopolymerizing acrylic resin in the vestibule-lingual direction). Materials and Methods. An epoxy resin cast of a partially dentulous mandibular was fabricated with 6 abutment replicas, two passive implant frameworks and twenty-one identical custom impression trays were made with autopolymerizing acrylic resin... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:59:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 1499360 bytes, checksum: 73a1a71524a39b1fbaa99614b57d192f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The physiological and pharmacological effects of isotretinoin are yet to be completely understood despite its widespread use in the treatment of acne vulgaris and the known adverse effects that it may cause, dry eyes being one of the most common. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of oral isotretinoin on the conjunctiva of patients submitted to treatment with this drug, using impression cytology. A prospective cohort clinical trial was conducted at the Ophthalmological Referral Center of the Federal University of Paraíba and at the Laboratory of External Eye Diseases of the Federal University of São Paulo. Twentyeight patients with acne vulgaris were selected. A questionnaire on symptoms was applied and biomicroscopy, tear film break-up time (TBUT), fluorescein staining, Shirmer s test, rose bengal staining and impression cytology (IC) were performed prior to and after three months of treatment with oral isotretinoin. Samples for IC were collected from the temporal, superior, nasal and inferior bulbar conjunctiva of both eyes. The doses of isotretinoin varied from 0.35 to 0.88 mg/kg/day. Compared to pretreatment, burning, pruritus and gritty eye sensation were significantly more common during treatment with this drug, as were the biomicroscopic changes of hyperemia and blepharitis. The percentage of positive results for dry eyes according to TBUT and for rose bengal conjunctival staining was also greater during treatment. Regarding Shirmer s test and fluorescein staining of the cornea, no statistically significant changes were found with exposure to the drug. With respect to IC performed on the samples obtained from the superior and temporal quadrants, there was a reduction in the percentage of normal results from 100% to 82% and from 75% to 43%, respectively, and an increase in the percentage of borderline results from 0 to 14% and from 21% to 47%, respectively, during treatment compared to baseline results. For the samples from the nasal quadrant, an increase occurred in the percentage of abnormal findings from 0 to 11%, while in the samples taken from the inferior quadrant, no changes were found with the use of isotretinoin. The parameters affected by this treatment were cell-to-cell contact, nucleus-tocytoplasm ratio and the distribution of goblet cells, the scores of which increased significantly. No significant correlation was found between the results of IC, symptom score and tear function tests. Therefore, the present findings show that acne treatment with oral isotretinoin results in changes in the conjunctival epithelium in a significant percentage of patients. These changes are seen both in the exposed region of the bulbar conjunctiva (temporal and nasal) and in the unexposed conjunctiva (superior) and reflect a trend towards squamous metaplasia as an adaptive response of the conjunctival epithelium, which tends to become nonsecretory under the effect of the drug. / As ações fisiológicas e farmacológicas da isotretinoína ainda não são completamente conhecidas, apesar da sua ampla utilização no tratamento da acne vulgar e dos efeitos adversos que pode causar. Dentre esses, o quadro de olho seco é um dos mais frequentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a toxicidade da isotretinoína oral sobre a conjuntiva de pacientes submetidos a tratamento com o fármaco, utilizando a citologia de impressão. Realizou-se estudo clínico prospectivo tipo coorte no Centro de Referência Oftalmológica da Universidade Federal da Paraíba e no Laboratório de Doenças Externas Oculares da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Foram selecionados 28 pacientes portadores de acne vulgar. Realizou-se questionário de sintomas, biomicroscopia, teste do tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal (TBUT), coloração por fluoresceína, teste de Shirmer, coloração por rosa bengala e citologia de impressão (CI) antes e aos 3 meses de tratamento com isotretinoína oral. Os espécimes para a CI foram coletados dos quadrantes temporal, superior, nasal e inferior da conjuntiva bulbar de ambos os olhos. As doses de isotretinoína variaram de 0,35 a 0,88 mg/kg/dia. Em relação ao pré-tratamento, os sintomas ardor ocular , prurido e sensação de areia nos olhos , assim como as alterações biomicroscópicas hiperemia e blefarite , ocorreram com uma frequência significantemente maior durante o tratamento com o fármaco. O percentual de resultados positivos para olho seco, para o TBUT e para a coloração conjuntival por rosa bengala também foi significantemente maior na vigência do tratamento. Para o teste de Shirmer e para a coloração da córnea por fluoresceína, não houve mudanças significantes com a exposição ao fármaco. Quanto à CI, para os espécimes obtidos dos quadrantes superior e temporal, houve diminuição do percentual de resultados normais (de 100 para 82 e de 75 para 43, respectivamente) e aumento do percentual de resultados limítrofes (de 0 para 14 e de 21 para 47, respectivamente) durante o tratamento, em relação aos resultados iniciais. Para os espécimes do quadrante nasal, houve aumento do percentual de resultados anormais (de 0 para 11), e para aqueles do quadrante inferior, não se observaram alterações com o uso de isotretinoína. Com o tratamento, foram afetados os parâmetros contato célula-célula , razão núcleo/citoplasma e distribuição das células caliciformes , que sofreram aumento significante em seus escores. Não houve uma correlação significante entre os resultados da CI, do escore de sintomas e dos testes da função lacrimal. Assim, de acordo com os resultados obtidos, o tratamento da acne com isotretinoína oral induz alterações no epitélio conjuntival de um percentual significante de pacientes. Essas alterações são observadas tanto na região exposta da conjuntiva bulbar (temporal e nasal), como na não exposta (superior) e representam uma tendência à metaplasia escamosa, como uma resposta adaptativa do epitélio conjuntival, que tende a se tornar não secretor sob efeito do fármaco.

L’impression répétée d’une image – sceau – ou d’un stūpa en trois dimensions sur un morceau d’argile est une pratique bouddhique pour obtenir du mérite, dont en témoigne la quantité importante retrouvée en Asie du Sud-Est. Ces objets comportent des images représentant un ou plusieurs dieux et stūpas, parfois accompagnées d’un texte, ou bien un texte seul. Jusqu’à présent, seules des études régionales se sont intéressées à ce sujet et aucune n’a prêté attention aux moules utilisés pour leur production. La présence de moules en terre-cuite et en bronze est attestée entre le VIIème et le XIIIème siècle, ces derniers présentant une iconographie raffinée et une technique élaborée. Nous postulons que leur utilisation était propre à certaines cultures et nous mettons en avant trois groupes de moules en bronze, correspondant aux régions du centre du Myanmar, à la Thaïlande et au Cambodge, ainsi qu’à l’Indonésie occidentale et à la péninsule malaise.Centrée sur le catalogue des moules en bronze, cette étude explore leurs liens avec les objets imprimés sous les angles de la production, de l’archéologie, de l’iconographie et de la stylistique, fournissant ainsi une vue d’ensemble synthétique des sceaux et stūpas. Premièrement, la constitution d’une typologie, à la fois des produits et des outils de reproduction, permet de comprendre quelles techniques étaient utilisées pour leur fabrication, et conduit à distinguer l’existence de différents ateliers et usages. Deuxièmement, le recensement des contextes archéologiques connus clarifie les intentions de la production au-delà de l’obtention de mérite, et questionne la valeur religieuse des moules. Finalement, l’analyse des images examine leurs caractéristiques locales, régionales ou inter-régionales, ainsi que leur degré de correspondance avec le répertoire connu des impressions. La nature petite et mobile des sceaux, stūpas et de leurs moules a permis leur diffusion, mais est aussi probablement responsable de leur disparition, à cause de leur fragilité ou de la réutilisation du métal. Cette étude ne sera donc jamais complète. Toutefois, l’approche transversale de ces témoignages de l’art bouddhique apporte un éclairage nouveau sur les différents liens culturels, politiques et religieux qui prévalaient en Asie du Sud-Est. / The repeated impression of an image or of a three-dimensional stūpa on a piece of clay is a Buddhist practice to obtain merit, well attested in Southeast Asia by the vast amount of seals and stūpas discovered. The images depict a single or several deities and stūpas, sometimes accompanied by a text, or they bear text alone. Until now, only regional studies have focused on these artefacts and none have looked at the moulds used for their production. During the 7th to the 13th century CE, we find evidence of terracotta and bronze moulds, the latter demonstrating a refined iconography and an elaborate technical expertise. We postulate that their use was specific to some cultures and bring forward three groups of bronze moulds, corresponding to the areas of central Myanmar, Thailand and Cambodia, and western Indonesia and the Malay Peninsula. Centred on the catalogue of the bronze moulds, this study explores their connection to the printed objects through their production, archaeology, iconography and stylistics; thereby, also providing a selective overview of the seals and stūpas. First, the establishment of a typology, both of the products and of the reproduction tools, helps to understand which techniques were resorted to during the manufacture, and lead to distinguish the existence of different workshops and developments. Secondly, the survey of the known archaeological contexts clarifies the intentions of the production beyond merit making, and questions the religious value of the mould. Finally, the analysis of the images examines their local, regional or inter-regional features, and the extent of their match with the repertoire of known imprints. The small and movable nature of the seals, stūpas and their moulds resulted in their diffusion but also most probably in their disappearance because of their fragility or due to the reutilization of the metal. This study will hence never be complete. Nevertheless, the transverse approach to these evidences of Buddhist art sheds new light on the different connections—cultural, political and religious—that prevailed in Southeast Asia.

Au cours de ces dernières années, le développement des capteurs de gaz a connu un essor grandissant pour des applications industrielles, militaires et environnementales afin d’assurer la sécurité et la protection contre les gaz nocifs et toxiques. Ces applications demandent des capteurs sensibles, sélectifs, à faible consommation d’énergie et à faible coût. Le travail de thèse présenté dans ce manuscrit, s’inscrit dans ce contexte. Il a pour objectif la réalisation d’un capteur hyperfréquence à base de nanotubes de carbone et fabriqué par technologie jet d’encre. Le principe de fonctionnement du capteur repose sur la caractérisation en fréquence d’un résonateur RF, dont un élément est sensible grâce aux nanotubes de carbone, à la présence d’un gaz environnant. Le manuscrit aborde l’ensemble des étapes nécessaires à la réalisation du capteur, à savoir : la conception des dispositifs de test, s’appuyant sur une étude théorique de leur comportement, la caractérisation des matériaux utilisées, la fabrication sur un substrat flexible par une technique d’impression jet d’encre et enfin la caractérisation du capteur de gaz en termes de comportement en fréquence et de sensibilité en présence de gaz. / In recent years, the development of gas sensors has grown rapidly for industrial, military and environmental applications to ensure safety and protection against harmful and toxic gases. These applications require sensitive, selective, low power and low cost sensors. The thesis work presented in this manuscript fits into this context. Its objective is the realization of a microwave sensor based on carbon nanotubes and manufactured by inkjet technology. The operating principle of the sensor is based on the frequency characterization of an RF resonator, one element of which is sensitive, thanks to the carbon nanotubes, to the presence of a surrounding gas. The manuscript addresses all the steps necessary for the realization of the sensor, namely: the design of the test devices, based on a theoretical study of their behavior, the characterization of the materials used, the fabrication on a flexible substrate by inkjet printing technique and finally the characterization of the gas sensor in terms of frequency behavior and sensitivity in the presence of gas.

The aim of this study is to investigate how women, having migrated from a Muslim country to Sweden, reason about their veiling – why do they wear the veil and what meaning does the veil have for them? The veiling custom has become the subject of a heated and polarized debate in Sweden. But where are the veiled women given space to speak, and why are they not involved more in a debate that most of all concern them?                                                                                                                                    Four women from Syria, now living in Sweden, participated in this interview study. The purpose is to investigate the aim with basis in three analytic themes: identity, presentation of self and resistance. These themes have been analysed based on relevant theories and previous research within the subject: social and personal identity, impression control, stereotyping, power and resistance. The previous research consists of three different studies performed on countries with a Muslim majority or minority: India, Indonesia, Canada, Denmark, and Great Britain. In this way, this study attempts to understand, as profoundly as possible, the meaning of the veil from the perspective of the veiled woman herself.                                                                 The result shows that the veil has great meaning in terms of identity and presentation of self. The result also shows that the clash with the discursive power regarding veiling can cause resistance, which in turn affects the meaning of the veil both in terms of internal identity creation and the external presentation of self. This is due to the threat against identity from a challenging environment forcing the human being to negotiate and define identity within herself, which also affects presentation of self. The experiences and reasoning of the respondents differ both over time and between them, sometimes in paradoxical ways, although they are similar in some aspects. This indicates that although they experience, are affected by and shaped by the same societal discourses, they react differently and therefore relate differently to their veiling. / Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att undersöka hur muslimska kvinnor som har migrerat från ett muslimskt land resonerar om sitt slöjbärande– varför bär de slöja och vilken betydelse har slöjan för dem? Att bära slöja har blivit ett omdiskuterat ämne i Sverige och åsikterna som hörs och syns i samhället är både många och polariserade. Men var ges de slöjbärande kvinnorna plats att tala och varför involveras de inte mer i en debatt som först och främst rör dem själva?                                                                                                                                  Fyra kvinnor från Syrien, numera boende i Sverige, har deltagit i studien. Med intervju som metod avser studien att undersöka syftet utifrån tre analytiska teman: identitet, självpresentation och motstånd. Dessa teman har analyserats utifrån relevanta teorier och tidigare forskning i ämnet; social och personlig identitet, intrycksstyrning, stereotypering samt makt och motstånd. Den tidigare forskningen är tre olika studier gjorda i muslimska majoritets- och minoritetsländer såsom, Indien, Indonesien Canada och Danmark och Storbritannien. På detta sätt avser denna studie att på ett så djupgående sätt som möjligt försöka förstå slöjans betydelse ur den slöjbärandes eget perspektiv.    Studiens resultat visar att slöjan har stor betydelse för identitet och självpresentation. Resultatet visar också att möte med diskursiv makt kring slöjbärande kan leda till motstånd vilket påverkar slöjans betydelse både för det inre identitetsarbetet och den yttre självpresentationen. Detta beror på att hotet mot identiteten från en ifrågasättande omgivning tvingar människan att förhandla och definiera identiteten inom sig själv vilket också påverkar självpresentationen. Informanternas upplevelser och resonemang skiljer sig åt både över tid och mellan varandra på ibland paradoxala sätt, samtidigt som de liknar varandra i vissa avseenden. Det tyder på att även om de upplever, påverkas och formas av samma diskurser i samhället så kan de reagera olika och därmed också förhålla sig olika till sitt slöjbärande.

Orientador: Francisco de Assis Mollo Junior / Banca: João Neudenir Arioli Filho / Banca: Sergio Sualdini Nogueira / Banca: Rafael Leonardo Xediel Consani / Banca: Pedro César Garcia de Oliveira / Resumo: Dentre as inúmeras fases clínicas e laboratoriais de um tratamento protético, as técnicas de moldagem para próteses implantossuportadas são ainda responsáveis por grande preocupação e controvérsia entre os pesquisadores. Este estudo in vitro teve como objetivo avaliar a precisão tridimensional das moldagens para próteses sobre implantes, utilizando-se a técnica direta, variando-se os transferentes (transferentes quadrados, transferentes quadrados com extensão vestíbulo-lingual, transferentes quadrados unidos com Duralay, transferentes quadrados unidos com barra de metal e Index), o tipo de material de moldagem (Impregum Soft média viscosidade, Express consistência regular - 3M ESPE) e a disposição dos implantes (alinhados e não-alinhados). Todos os componentes protéticos utilizados foram da empresa Conexão (Conexão Sistemas de Prótese). Foi construído um modelo mestre de resina epóxica simulando um arco inferior parcialmente desdentado onde foram fixados seis análogos de pilares Micro-Unit. Foi obtido um total de cinqüenta e seis modelos, sendo sete por técnica, mais sete registros do index. Estas medições tridimensionais foram feitas por um programa (ReflexSoft 1.0) que recebia as imagens StereoMicroscópio Reflex. Os valores de distorção médios obtidos foram: Index = 25,88μm (±3,41 SD); Quadrado/ Impregum = 80,22μm (±6,36 SD); Quadrado/ Express = 80,72 μm (±4,92 SD); Quadrado Duralay/Impregum = 84,63 μm (±9,22 SD); Quadrado Duralay/ Express =78,73 μm (±6,84 SD); Quadrado hélice/ Impregum = 30,72 μm (±3,53 SD); Quadrado Hélice/ Express = 30,21 μm (±4,08 SD); Quadrado Barra Metálica/Impregum = 57,08 μm (±5,96 SD); Quadrado Barra Metálica/ Express = 50,77 μm (±4,82 SD). Os testes estatísticos utilizados foram Holm-Sidak Method e Mann-Whitney (a=0,05). Pode-se concluir que em relação às técnicas estudadas que: ...(Resumo completo, cliar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: An epoxy resin cast of a partially dentulous mandibular was fabricated with 6 abutment replicas. Nine groups were formed: (Index(I); squared impression copings/ Impregum (SI), metal splinted Impression copings/ Impregum (MI), Duralay splinted impression copings/Impregum (DI), Squared modified Impression copings/ Impregum (SMI), squared impression copings/ Express (SE), metal splinted Impression copings/ Express (ME), Duralay splinted impression copings/ Express (DE) and Squared modified Impression copings/ Express (SME) with 7 casts each were formed,. The measurements were analyzed using software that received the images of a video camera coupled Reflex microscope. Data were analyzed with a 1-way analysis of variance at α <.05, followed by the Holm-Sidak Method and Mann-Whitney test (α <.05). Results. The mean values of abutment/framework interface gaps were: I group 25,88μm (±3,41 SD); SI group 80,22μm (±6,36 SD); SE group 80,71μm (±4,92 SD); MI group 57,07μm (±5,96 SD); ME group 50,76μm (±4,82 SD); DI group 84,63μm (±9,22 SD); DE group 78,73μm (±6,84 SD); HI group 30,71μm (±3,53 SD); HE group 30,21μm (±4,08 SD). No significant difference was detected between I group and HI group, and between I group and HE group (P <.05). Did not exist superiority regarding the impression material. / Doutor

Objetivo: descrever os achados de citologia de impressão em voluntários saudáveis e correlacioná-los com testes de olho seco e sintomatologia. Métodos: coleta de citologia de impressão (CI) da conjuntiva superior, inferior, nasal e temporal após anamnese, questionário de sintomas (QU) e exames clínicos biomicroscópicos, teste de Schirmer (TS), tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal (TRFL), escores de fluoresceína (EF) e rosa bengala (ERB). Resultados: Foram examinados 78 olhos de 39 pacientes (30 mulheres, 85% brancos). Idade média foi de 36 anos (16-71 anos). Oitenta e cinco porcento dos pacientes eram assintomáticos no QU. TRFL médio foi de 13,6 segundos (70% ≥ 10 s), TS médio foi 19,2 mm (76% ≥ 6 mm), ERB foi 0-3 em 87%, EF foi zero em 75%. Biomicroscopia apresentou resultado normal em 65% dos olhos. CI foi normal em: 81% superior, 57% nasal, 87% inferior, 75% temporal. Foi encontrado padrão de cromatina snake-like em 15% das amostras superiores. Houve pouca correlação entre os testes clínicos, questionário e achados citológicos. A citologia de impressão do sítio nasal e a presença de cromatina snake-like associaram-se com alguns testes da superfície ocular, sintomas e com a idade dos pacientes. Conclusão: Nosso estudo encontrou 30% de testes clínicos anormais, sintomas e achados citológicos alterados (anormal e limítrofe) neste grupo de indivíduos normais. Os achados da conjuntiva bulbar da área de fenda e superior são os que mais apresentam alterações. Entretanto, apesar de algumas associações significativas, não houve correlação conclusiva entre testes, sintomas e citologia de impressão. / Purpose: To describe conjunctival findings of impression cytology in healthy volunteers and to correlate to dry eye tests and symptoms. Methods: superior, inferior, nasal and temporal bulbar conjunctivae impression cytology, symptoms questionnaire, slit lamp examination, Schirmer test (ST), tear film break-up time (TFBUT), fluorescein staining (FS) and rose Bengal staining (RBS) were evaluated. Results: 78 eyes of 39 patients (30 female, 85% white) were examined. Mean age was 36 years (16-71 years). Eighty-five percent of patients were asymptomatic in questionnaire. Mean TFBUT was 13.6 seconds (70% ≥ 10 sec), ST median was 19.2 mm (76% ≥ 6 mm), RBS grade was 0-3 in 87%, FS was 0 in 75%. Slit lamp examination did not reveal any alteration in 65% of the eyes. Impression cytology showed normal aspect in: 81% superior, 57% nasal, 87% inferior, and 75% temporal. Snake-like chromatin pattern was present in 15% of superior samples. There were few correlations among clinical tests, questionnaire result and cytological findings. Nasal impression cytology results and snake-like chromatin were associated with some ocular surface exams, symptoms and age of patients. Conclusion: Our study identified prevalence of 30% of abnormal clinical tests, symptoms, and altered cytological findings (abnormal and borderline) in this group of normal subjects. Impression cytology findings of exposed bulbar conjunctiva and superior conjunctiva are more often altered. Despite a few associations among tests, there was no conclusive correlation among these tests, symptoms and impression cytology results.

Quel est le statut de la phénoménologie dans la pensée lévinassienne qui se construit dans un constant dialogue avec Husserl et Heidegger ? La pensée lévinassienne est-elle sortie de la phénoménologie ? Ou l’a-t-elle radicalisée pour penser autrement la relation entre le moi et autrui ? Ce sont là les questions principales que nous suivrons au cours de ce travail. Nous procéderons de la manière suivante. Dans la première partie, nous allons montrer que Lévinas retient la notion de synthèse passive de la phénoménologie husserlienne pour la transformer en celle de trace qui permet d’exprimer la relation avec autrui. Poussant la structure sensible jusqu’ à la structure de trace, Lévinas n’entend nullement en finir simplement avec la phénoménologie. Tout au contraire, il la sur-détermine. Nous commencerons la deuxième partie en analysant la méthode que Lévinas effectue pour passer de la phénoménologie à l’éthique. Il s’agit de la façon dont Lévinas surdétermine et surcharge la phénoménologie. C’est effectuant cette méthode que Lévinas invente le nouveau principe de l’individuation du moi qui n’est ni la vie du sujet, ni la mort du Dasein, mais la mort d’autrui. Sur-déterminée par la mort d’autrui, le présent vivant devient présent sur-vivant. / What is the status of phenomenology in the levinassian thought that is construed in a continual dialogue with Husserl and Heidegger ? Is the levinassian thought gone out of the phenomenology ? Or has it radicalized this latter in order to think otherwise the relation between myself and the other ? That’s where the main questions that we are going to follow during this work lie. We are going to proceed in the following manner. In the first part, we will show that Lévinas retains the notion of passive synthesis from the husserlian phenomenology in order to convert it into the notion of trace that makes it possible to express the relationship with the other. Pushing the sensible structure toward the structure of trace, Lévinas does not want to merely finish with the phenomenology. On the contrary, he over-determines it. In the second party, the first thing we are going to do is analyse the method that Lévinas effects in order to passe from the phenomenology to the ethical. The thing that is in question is the way Lévinas overdetermines and overburdens the phenomenology. It’s from this method that Lévinas invents the new principle of individuation of the myself that is neither the life of subject nor the death of the Dasein, but the death of the other. Over-determined by the death of the other, the Living-Present becomes sur-viving present.

Objetivo: descrever os achados de citologia de impressão em voluntários saudáveis e correlacioná-los com testes de olho seco e sintomatologia. Métodos: coleta de citologia de impressão (CI) da conjuntiva superior, inferior, nasal e temporal após anamnese, questionário de sintomas (QU) e exames clínicos biomicroscópicos, teste de Schirmer (TS), tempo de ruptura do filme lacrimal (TRFL), escores de fluoresceína (EF) e rosa bengala (ERB). Resultados: Foram examinados 78 olhos de 39 pacientes (30 mulheres, 85% brancos). Idade média foi de 36 anos (16-71 anos). Oitenta e cinco porcento dos pacientes eram assintomáticos no QU. TRFL médio foi de 13,6 segundos (70% ≥ 10 s), TS médio foi 19,2 mm (76% ≥ 6 mm), ERB foi 0-3 em 87%, EF foi zero em 75%. Biomicroscopia apresentou resultado normal em 65% dos olhos. CI foi normal em: 81% superior, 57% nasal, 87% inferior, 75% temporal. Foi encontrado padrão de cromatina snake-like em 15% das amostras superiores. Houve pouca correlação entre os testes clínicos, questionário e achados citológicos. A citologia de impressão do sítio nasal e a presença de cromatina snake-like associaram-se com alguns testes da superfície ocular, sintomas e com a idade dos pacientes. Conclusão: Nosso estudo encontrou 30% de testes clínicos anormais, sintomas e achados citológicos alterados (anormal e limítrofe) neste grupo de indivíduos normais. Os achados da conjuntiva bulbar da área de fenda e superior são os que mais apresentam alterações. Entretanto, apesar de algumas associações significativas, não houve correlação conclusiva entre testes, sintomas e citologia de impressão. / Purpose: To describe conjunctival findings of impression cytology in healthy volunteers and to correlate to dry eye tests and symptoms. Methods: superior, inferior, nasal and temporal bulbar conjunctivae impression cytology, symptoms questionnaire, slit lamp examination, Schirmer test (ST), tear film break-up time (TFBUT), fluorescein staining (FS) and rose Bengal staining (RBS) were evaluated. Results: 78 eyes of 39 patients (30 female, 85% white) were examined. Mean age was 36 years (16-71 years). Eighty-five percent of patients were asymptomatic in questionnaire. Mean TFBUT was 13.6 seconds (70% ≥ 10 sec), ST median was 19.2 mm (76% ≥ 6 mm), RBS grade was 0-3 in 87%, FS was 0 in 75%. Slit lamp examination did not reveal any alteration in 65% of the eyes. Impression cytology showed normal aspect in: 81% superior, 57% nasal, 87% inferior, and 75% temporal. Snake-like chromatin pattern was present in 15% of superior samples. There were few correlations among clinical tests, questionnaire result and cytological findings. Nasal impression cytology results and snake-like chromatin were associated with some ocular surface exams, symptoms and age of patients. Conclusion: Our study identified prevalence of 30% of abnormal clinical tests, symptoms, and altered cytological findings (abnormal and borderline) in this group of normal subjects. Impression cytology findings of exposed bulbar conjunctiva and superior conjunctiva are more often altered. Despite a few associations among tests, there was no conclusive correlation among these tests, symptoms and impression cytology results.

Research on mate preferences suggests that men value physical attractiveness and youthfulness most in potential partners, whereas women value status and resources most in a potential partner (Buss, 1989). These differences in mate preferences have implications for the value men and women place on these characteristics (e.g. attractiveness and resources) in potential mates. A man’s attractiveness and financial resources both contribute positively to his mate-value, (Sprecher, 1989; Townsend & Levy, 1990). A woman’s attractiveness also contributes to her mate-value (Sprecher, 1989; Townsend & Levy, 1990), but the value of her resources is less clear. I expected that men’s evaluation of a woman’s financial resources would be dependent on her level of attractiveness. I hypothesized that a woman’s financial resources would add to her mate-value when she was highly attractive, but detract from her mate-value when she was typically attractive. In Study 1, a woman of varying attractiveness (typical vs. high) approached men on campus and delivered a speech that conveyed her future income (low vs. high). Men’s reported desire to join her focus group was used as measure of their impressions of her mate-value. Study 2 directly assesses participant’s romantic interest in targets of varying income (low vs. high) and attractiveness (typical vs. high) using a controlled laboratory method where both men and women evaluated a profile of a potential romantic partner. The results of both studies supported my hypotheses. This research provides insight into the complicated nature of a woman’s financial resources as part of her overall mate-value. / Graduate / 2019-06-30