The thesis is divided into three chapters.1) I study how monetary policy should be optimally designed when households show financial wealth heterogeneity.Main results: thanks to its ability to affect interest payments volatility, monetary policy has real effects even in a flexible-price cashless-limit environment; second, in a setup with nominal rigidities, price stability is no longer optimal. The extent of deviation from price stability depends on the initial level of debt dispersion.2) I assess the role of housing price movements in influencing the optimal design of monetary policy. Under the optimal simple rule, housing price movements should not be a separate target variable in addition to inflation. Furthermore, the welfare loss arising from targeting housing prices becomes quantitatively more significant the higher the degree of access to the credit market.3) I analyze the effects of fiscal policy in a currency area. Results: a public spending shock in one region increases private agents demand for imports and appreciates the terms of trade; second, a countercyclical fiscal rule can restore the Taylor principle, the uniqueness of the equilibrium and reduce macro-volatility.

La tesis estudia la evolución de la estructura de propiedad de compañías y de sus efectos sobre resultados económicos reales. El capítulo 1 proporciona un análisis empírico de la privatización en Rusia en los años 90. Se utilizan datos de 530 empresas industriales rusas para estimar los factores implicados en la decisión de privatizar una empresa, en la selección entre diversas opciones de privatización, en la distribución inicial de la propiedad que resulta, y en su evolución posterior. El capítulo 2 estudia los efectos de diferencias de intereses entre accionistas sobre decisiones de inversión y el mercado de acciones en un modelo simple. Suponiendo que los mercados financieros son incompletos, la distribución inicial de la propiedad, la riqueza y las preferencias de los propietarios afectan a su nivel preferido de inversión. Las decisiones sobre la inversión son tomadas por mayoría. Dos extensiones, la protección de accionistas de minoría y ventajas privadas del control, permiten un análisis del papel de las instituciones del gobierno corporativo en las decisiones de inversión y estructura de propiedad. Las predicciones del modelo para la evolución de la estructura de propiedad son coherentes con las observaciones empíricas en el capítulo 1. / The thesis studies the evolution of the ownership structure of companies and its effects on real economic outcomes. Chapter 1 provides an empirical analysis of the large-scale privatization in Russia in the 1990s. A comprehensive data set of 530 Russian manufacturing firms is used to estimate determinants of the decision to privatize a firm, of the choice among different options of privatization, the resulting initial ownership distribution, and its further evolution. Chapter 2 studies the effects of conflicting interests of shareholders on investment decisions and share trade in a simple model. In a setting with incomplete financial markets, the wealth, initial stake and preferences of owners affect their preferred level of investment. Decisions on investment are taken by majority. Two extensions, a protection for minority shareholders and private benefits of control, allow us to analyze the impact of corporate governance arrangements on investment decisions and ownership structure. The model predictions for the evolution of ownership are in line with the empirical observations in chapter 1.

No description available.

[pt] Nessa dissertação de mestrado são desenvolvidos dois ensaios nos quais modelos clássicos de interação estratégica são expandidos para investigar relações entre liquidez e informação assimétrica. No primeiro ensaio, o objetivo é investigar a negociação de opções ilíquidas sujeitas a incerteza exógena. Em particular, desenvolve-se um modelo de barganha no qual a incerteza exógena subjacente é melhor prevista pelo comprador e mostra-se que a existência de uma opção de fora para o vendedor permite que este fixe um prazo para o fim da negociação, estratégia que se mostra ser parte do equilíbrio do jogo. Em outras palavras, o vendedor escolhe uma data para exercer sua opção de fora, o que acontece se não houver acordo até esta data. No segundo ensaio, o objetivo é investigar como corridas bancárias do lado do ativo se relacionam a uma fonte externa de liquidez na forma de um mercado secundário de empréstimos bancários. O principal resultado do segundo ensaio é que corridas bancárias no lado do ativo podem contribuir para existência do mercado secundário de empréstimos bancários, pois criam incentivos para a venda de empréstimos bancários, independentemente de informações privadas que o vendedor venha a adquirir. Esse resultado pode ser relevante no contexto de bancos de varejo. / [en] In this master s degree thesis, I present two essays based on classic models of strategic interaction. In both essays, the overarching theme is how liquidity relates to asymmetric information. On the first, the aim is to investigate bargaining over an illiquid option subject to exogenous uncertainty. In particular, I develop a bargaining model in which the underlying uncertainty is better predicted by the buyer and establish that the existence of the seller s exercise option allows deadline strategies that are shown to be part of the equilibrium of such game. In other words, the seller fixes a date to exercise her outside option, provided that the trade does not take place until that time. On the second essay, I seek to investigate how borrower runs relate to external funding thorough a market for bank loans. This essay s conclusion is that borrower runs may be a driver of the originate-to-distribute banking business model, for it induces the sale of loans irrespective of their quality, rendering the market for bank loans information insensitive. This result might be relevant in the context of relationship banking.

Submitted by Amal Nait Hammou (amal.naithammou@gmail.com) on 2014-07-24T13:33:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis Amal Nait Hammou Final Version July 24 2014.pdf: 10314861 bytes, checksum: d796bb0f420c0fc699ec5f5a1bbdc6ad (MD5) / Rejected by Luana Rodrigues (luana.rodrigues@fgv.br), reason: Dear Amal, Order to follow the process of posting, please take out the initial numbering of pages. The numbering should only appear after the "introduction". Immediately after the abstract you should put the "Resumo" in Portuguese. After making the changes, please post the file again. Kind Regards, on 2014-07-24T14:41:38Z (GMT) / Submitted by Amal Nait Hammou (amal.naithammou@gmail.com) on 2014-07-24T18:49:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis-Amal Nait Hammou-Final Version-July 24 2014.pdf: 2429717 bytes, checksum: 7e771c0fae3eefe0f56ddb44a53c8760 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luana Rodrigues (luana.rodrigues@fgv.br) on 2014-08-01T18:14:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis-Amal Nait Hammou-Final Version-July 24 2014.pdf: 2429717 bytes, checksum: 7e771c0fae3eefe0f56ddb44a53c8760 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-01T18:15:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis-Amal Nait Hammou-Final Version-July 24 2014.pdf: 2429717 bytes, checksum: 7e771c0fae3eefe0f56ddb44a53c8760 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-15 / Private-Public Partnerships (P.P.P.) is a new contractual model institutionalized in 2004 that could be used to remedy to the infrastructure deficit in Brazil. In a context of a principal and agent relation, the public partner goal is to give incentives to the private partner in the contract so that their interests are aligned. This qualitative research presents the findings of an empirical study examining the performance of incentive PPP contracts in Brazil in the highway sector. The goal is to explain how the contracting parties can align their interests in an environment of asymmetric information. Literature identified the factors that can influence PPP design and efficient incentive contracts. The study assesses the contribution of these factors in the building of PPP contracts by focusing on the case of the first and only PPP signed in the highway sector in Brazil which is the MG-050. The first step is to describe the condition of the highway network and the level of compliance of the private partner with the contract PPP MG-050. The second step is to explain the performance of the private partner and conclude if the interests of both partners were aligned in contractual aspects. On the basis of these findings and the analysis of the contract, the study formulates suggestions to improve the draft of PPP contracts from the perspective of the incentive theory of contracts. / A parceria público-privada é um novo modelo contratual institucionalizado em 2004 que pode ser usado para remediar o déficit em infra-estrutura no Brasil. No contexto de uma relação principal-agente, o objetivo do parceiro público é dar incentivos contratuais ao parceiro privado para que os interesses de ambossejam alinhados. Essa pesquisa qualitativa apresenta os resultados de um estudo empírico que examina o desempenho dos contratos de PPPS com incentivos no Brasil no setor das rodovias. O objetivo é explicar como os contratados podem alinhar seus interesses num ambiente de informação assimétrica. Literatura identificou os fatores que podem influenciar o desenho das PPPs e dos contratos com incentivos eficientes. Esse estudo avalia a contribuição desses fatores no desenho dos contratos de PPPs focando no caso do primeiro e único contrato PPP assinado no setor de rodovias no Brasil, o PPP MG- 050. O primeiro passo é descrever a condição da rede de rodovias no Brasil e o nível de cumprimento do parceiro privado com o contrato PPP MG-050. O segundo passo é explicar o desempenho do parceiro privado e concluir se os interesses dos dois parceiros foram alinhados em aspectos contratuais.Com base nesses resultados e na análise do contrato, o estudo formula sugestões para melhorar o desenho dos contratos de PPPs apoiando-se na teoria dos incentivos em contratos.

Submitted by Daniela Lima (dclima@gmail.com) on 2017-10-23T00:56:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_DanielaLima.pdf: 1375366 bytes, checksum: be9b3161081f9ca9f80aed6d22ceda87 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2017-10-23T16:40:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_DanielaLima.pdf: 1375366 bytes, checksum: be9b3161081f9ca9f80aed6d22ceda87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-24T11:42:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_DanielaLima.pdf: 1375366 bytes, checksum: be9b3161081f9ca9f80aed6d22ceda87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-02 / Over the last few years we have seen a huge evolution in the way central banks communicate around the World. Besides providing information to all, transparency allows agents to coordinate and is considered important in the control of inflation expectations. Despite the progress towards greater transparency, there are questions about the extent to which it is really desirable from the social point of view. This thesis analyzes the decision to increase transparency in an incomplete information environment, the empirical effect of transparency on inflation and assesses the predictive capacity of inflation models. The first chapter develops a model for an incomplete information environment. From a stylized game where coordination is desirable from an individual point of view, agents use public and private signals to choose their actions. The process of private information acquisition is endogenous and agents choose how much to invest in the accuracy of private information. In addition to the goal of stabilizing the economy, the monetary authority decides how much to reveal in public information. Public information is a two-edge instrument: it provides additional information and also coordinates expectation, serverving as a focal point for agent’s beliefs. However, by acting in high order belief, public information can over-coordinate agents, enhancing the damage of any errors. This chapter focuses on the following questions: Are there gains in increasing the accuracy of public information? In which situations does greater transparency increase social well-being and in what circumstances is opacity optimal? The results indicate that greater accuracy in public information can increase aggregate well-being, especially when information received privately by the government is not extremely accurate and when the cost of obtaining private information is an important channel. For cases where the information received by the government is extremely accurate, the opacity is optimal. The second chapter empirically analyzes the effects of central bank transparency on the level of inflation. From a panel of 100 countries, we assess whether greater transparency is associated with lower inflation, what types of transparency are most relevant, and especially if the effect of transparency on inflation is different between emerging and developed countries. The estimation faces the omitted variable problem: unobservable characteristics of a particular country can lead to both greater transparency and lower inflation. To try to control this endogeneity, we used three different methodologies: a two-step GMM (S-GMM) dynamic panel estimation developed by Arellano-Bover and Blundell-Bond, a fixed-effect panel and an ordinary least squares estimation. The results show that there is enough evidence that countries with greater transparency have lower inflation. Moreover, the effect of transparency in undeveloped countries is highly significant and negatively correlated with the level of inflation, while the effect for developed countries is smaller and less significant. Increased transparency in emerging countries may be related to regime changes, greater commitment to inflation control and credibility. Thus, greater transparency tends to have a significant impact on inflation in these emerging countries. When analyzing the five types of transparency that compose the index, the monetary policy transparency was the most frequently significant. This type of transparency is associated with timely explanations of monetary policy decisions and signals about the future interest trajectory, while the other sub-indices have more structural and bureaucratic characteristics with long-term effects. The third chapter compares the ability to project consumer inflation in Brazil (IPCA) outside the sample of three methodologies: the MIDAS, an augmented factor VAR (FAVAR) and a nowcast with mixed frequency model and dynamic factors. Over the last few years, several models of inflation projections have been suggested. In addition to the traditional time series models, new approaches allow the use of a large number of variables and the incorporation of samples at different frequencies in the same estimation without over-parameterization. In this chapter, we try to evaluate what kind of methodology is best to predict short-term inflation in Brazil. We estimated the models in four-year windows, with the out-of-sample forecast for the following year and forecast horizon one step ahead and compared the performance of the out-of-sample estimation done by the three models with a naive AR(1) model. The results show that the projections made using MIDAS are much more accurate than those estimated by FAVAR and nowcast, and all three methodologies were superior to AR(1). We noticed that there was a significant worsening of predictive capacity in the years 2015 and 2016 models, especially in the FAVAR and nowcast models. Also, we observed gains in accuracy in the combination of projections: the simple arithmetic mean of the projections has a smaller error than the individual projections performed in each estimation. / Ao longo dos últimos anos observamos uma enorme evolução na comunicação dos bancos centrais ao redor do mundo. Além do caráter informacional, a transparência atua na coordenação dos agentes e é considerada hoje importante aliada no controle de expectativas de inflação. A despeito do avanço no sentido de maior transparência, há questionamentos de até que ponto ela é realmente desejável do ponto de vista social. Essa tese analisa a decisão de aumentar a transparência em um ambiente de informação incompleta, o efeito empírico da transparência na inflação e avalia a capacidade preditiva de modelos de inflação. O primeiro capítulo desenvolve um modelo em ambiente de informação incompleta. A partir de um jogo estilizado em que a coordenação é desejável do ponto de vista individual, os agentes utilizam sinais públicos e privados para escolherem suas ações. O processo de aquisição de informação privada é endógeno e os agentes escolhem o quanto investir na precisão da informação privada a um custo linear. Além de ter por objetivo estabilizar a economia, a autoridade monetária decide o quanto revelar na informação pública. A informação pública tem um papel duplo: expandir o conjunto informacional e coordenar as expectativas dos agentes. Contudo, por atuar no high order belief, a informação pública pode coordenar excessivamente os agentes, potencializando os danos de eventuais erros. Esse capítulo foca nas seguintes questões: Há ganhos em aumentar a precisão da informação pública? Em que situações maior transparência aumenta o bem estar social e em quais circunstância a opacidade é ótima? Os resultados apontam que maior precisão na informação pública pode gerar aumento no bem estar agregado, especialmente quando a informação recebida privadamente pelo governo não é extremamente precisa e quando o custo de se obter informação privada é um canal importante. Para os casos em que a informação recebida pelo governo é extremamente precisa, a opacidade é ótimo. O segundo capítulo analisa empiricamente os efeitos da transparência do banco central no nível da inflação. A partir de um painel com 100 países, avaliamos se maior transparência está associada a menor inflação, quais tipos de transparência são mais relevantes e, principalmente, se o efeito da transparência na inflação é diferente entre países emergentes e desenvolvidos. A estimação enfrenta o problema de variável omitida: características não observáveis de determinado pais podem levar tanto à maior transparência, quanto à menor inflação. Para tentar controlar essa questão, utilizamos três metodologias diferentes: uma estimação de painel dinâmico via GMM (S-GMM) em dois passos desenvolvido por Arellano-Bover e Blundell-Bond, um painel de efeito fixo e uma estimação de mínimos quadrados ordinários. Os resultados apontam que há sim evidências de que países com maior transparência possuem menor inflação. Ainda, o efeito da transparência em países não desenvolvidos é altamente significante e negativamente correlacionado com nível da inflação, enquanto o efeito para países desenvolvidos é menor e pouco significante. Aumento de transparência em países emergentes pode estar relacionado a maior compromisso no controle inflacionário e credibilidade. Assim, maior transparência tende a ter impacto relevante na inflação desses países. Ao analisarmos os cinco tipos de transparência que compõe o índice, a transparência de política monetária foi a que se mostrou significante de forma mais frequente. Este tipo de transparência está associado a explicações tempestivas de decisões de política monetária e sinalizações sobre a trajetória de juros futura, enquanto os demais sub-índices possuem características mais estruturais e burocráticas, com efeitos de longo prazo. O terceiro capítulo compara a capacidade de projetar a inflação ao consumidor no Brasil (IPCA) fora da amostra de três metodologias: o MIDAS, um VAR aumentado com fatores (FAVAR) e um modelo de frequência mista e fatores dinâmicos de nowcast. Ao longo dos últimos anos, diversos modelos de projeções de inflação foram sugeridos. Em adição aos modelos tradicionais de séries de tempo, novas abordagens permitem o uso de um grande número de variáveis e a incorporação de amostras em diferentes frequências na mesma estimação sem que haja sobreparametrização. Neste capítulo, procuramos avaliar qual tipo de metodologia é melhor para prever a inflação de curto prazo no Brasil. Estimamos os modelos em janelas de quatro anos, com a previsão fora da amostra para o ano seguinte e horizonte de previsão um mês à frente e comparamos o desempenho dessa estimação fora da amostra dos três modelos com um modelo naive AR(1). Os resultados apontam que as projeções realizadas com a tecnologia MIDAS são muito mais acuradas do que àquelas estimadas pelo FAVAR e pelo nowcast, e todas as três metodologias se mostraram superiores ao AR(1). Percebemos que houve piora significativa na capacidade preditiva nos modelos anos de 2015 e 2016, principalmente nas projeções dos modelos FAVAR e nowcast. Ainda, observamos ganhos de acurácia na combinação de projeções: a média aritmética simples das projeções possui erro menor do que as projeções individuais realizadas em cada estimação.

This study investigates the concessioning of the commuter rail subsystem, which was discussed in the White Paper on National Transport Policy. The theoretical divide between private and public sector enterprise is investigated in terms of a principal-agent approach. The hypothesis underlying the fundamental shift of services traditionally provided by government enterprise to the private sector is X-efficiency gains under a concession regime. There are, however, potential challenges under a concession regime that must be anticipated. Challenges are identified in terms of an incomplete contract approach with its underpinning source manifested in a bounded rationality concept. The study investigates how rail concessionaires are regulated under a concession regime from an economics perspective and various price mechanisms are explored. The study provides strategies to deal with challenges under a rail concession regime with a view to minimising conflicts that will arise between the parties involved in a concession agreement. / Transport, Logistics and Tourism / M.Comm.(Transport Economics)

Dans nos travaux, nous avons considéré un processus de Lévy X avec une composante brownienne non nulle et dont la partie à sauts est un processus de Poisson composé. Nous avons supposé que la valeur d'une entreprise est modélisée par un processus stochastique de la forme V = Vo exp X et que cette entreprise est mise à défaut dès lors que sa valeur passe sous un certain seuil b déterminé de façon exogène et qui donc, est une donnée du problème. L'instant de défaut T est alors de la forme Tx pour x= ln(Vo) ln((b) où x> 0, Tx = inf{t 2:0: X, 2:x}. Dans un premier temps, nous supposons que des agents observant la valeur V des ac­tifs de la firme souhaitent connaître le comportement de l'instant de défaut. Dans ce modèle, au chapitre 2, nous avons étudié d'une part la régularité de la densité de la loi de l'instant de défaut. D'autre part, nous avons étudié la loi conjointe de l'instant de défaut, de l'overshoot et de l'undershoot. Au chapitre 3, nous avons obtenu une équation à valeurs mesures dont le quadriplet formé par la variable aléatoire X,, le su­ premum du processus X à l'instant t, le supremum du processus X au dernier instant de saut avant l'instant t et le dernier instant de saut à l'instant t est solution au seris faible, puis une équation dont ce quadriplet est une solution forte. Dans un second temps, au chapitre 4, nous avons supposé que des investisseurs souhaitant détenir une part de cette entreprise ne disposent pas de l'information complète. Ils n'observent pas la valeur des actifs de la firme V, mais sa valeur bruitée. Leur information est modélisée par la filtration Ç = (Ç,, t 2: 0) engendrée par cette observation. Dans ce modèle, nous avons montré que la loi conditionnelle de l'instant de défaut sachant la tribu Ç, admet une densité par rapport à la mesure de Lebesgue et obtenu une équation de Volttera dont cette densité est solution. Cette connaissance permet aux investisseurs de prévoir au vu de leur information, quand est-ce que l'instant de défaut va intervenir après l'instant t. Nous avons complété ce travail par des simulations numériques. / In this Ph.D thesis, we consider a jump-diffusion process which the diffusion part is a drifted Brownian motion and the jump part is a compound Poisson process. We assume that a firm value is modelling by a stochastic process V = V0 exp-X. This firm goes to default whenever its value is below a specified tlrreshold b which is exo­ genously determined. For x = ln(Vo) - ln(b) > 0, the default time is of the form Tx = inf{t 2:0: X, 2: x}. First, we suppose that agents observe perfectly the firm value. In this mode, we sho­ wed in chapter 2 that the density of the default time is continuons, then study the joint law of the default time, overshoot an undershoot. We obtained in chapter 3 a valued measure differentia equation which the solution is the quadruplet formed by the random variable X,, the running supremum x; of X at time t, the supremum of X at the last jump time before t and the last jump time before t. Secondly, we assume that investors wishing detain a part of the firm can not observe the firm value. They observe a noisy value of the firm and their information is madel­ ling by the filtration g = (9,,t 2: 0) generated by their observation. In this mode, we have shown that the conditional density of Tx with respect to Ç has a density which is solution of one stochastic integral-differentia equation The knowledge of this density allows investors to predict the default time after time t. This second part is the chapter 4.

Esta dissertação é sobre filosofia do entendimento. Buscaremos responder questões como: O que é o conteúdo de um pensamento? Como entendemos um conteúdo de um pensamento? Como se dá uma deliberação? Qual o papel do conteúdo do pensamento em uma deliberação? Que tipo de acesso temos ao conteúdo do pensamento? Para tanto, nos deteremos em analisar a filosofia anti-individualista de Tyler Burge a partir das objeções levantadas por Åsa Wikforss (2006), que defende que o Princípio de Frege é incompatível com a teoria do entendimento incompleto e que a noção burgeana de conteúdo não é capaz de desempenhar à função de capturar a perspectiva cognitiva de primeira pessoa. Veremos como a leitura burgeana do Princípio de Frege é capaz de dissolver a incompatibilidade alegada. Defenderemos a tese de que o conteúdo do pensamento na concepção anti-individualista é capaz de capturar a perspectiva cognitiva de primeira pessoa mediante uma compreensão aprofundada do papel do conteúdo representacional na deliberação, considerando sua inserção no sistema filosófico de Burge que o relaciona com a teoria das garantias epistêmicas e da percepção. Ao atentarmos para a distinção entre significado lexical e significado de tradução, apresentaremos um argumento em defesa da tese de que a teoria do entendimento anti-individualista explica melhor a perspectiva cognitiva e é mais condizente com a prática comum do que as teorias do conteúdo que residem no plano de fundo da interpretação de Wikforss acerca do Princípio de Frege. Por fim, proporemos e defenderemos uma leitura alternativa do Princípio de Frege que julgamos exprimir melhor tanto a visão anti-individualista quanto a fregeana. / This thesis is concerned with the philosophy of understanding. We will try to answer questions such as: What is thought content? How do we understand a thought content? How do we deliberate? What is the role of a thought content in a deliberation? What kind of access do we have to a thought content? For this, we will focus on analyzing the anti-individualist philosophy of Tyler Burge with respect to the objections raised by Åsa Wikforss (2006), who argues that Frege's Principle is incompatible with the Theory of Incomplete Understanding and that the Burgean notion of content is not able to fulfill the function of capturing the cognitive perspective from a first person point of view. We shall see how the Burgean reading of Frege's Principle is capable of dissolving the alleged incompatibility. We will defend the thesis that thought content on the anti-individualist account is capable of capturing the cognitive perspective of the first person point of view through a deep comprehension of the role of the representational content in deliberation, considering that‟s insertion in the philosophical system of Burge‟s, who connects it with the theories of epistemic warrants and of perception. Moreover, when we look at the distinction between lexical meaning and translational meaning, we will present an argument in defense of the thesis that the anti-individualist theory of understanding better explains the cognitive perspective and is more genuine to the common practice than the content theories which are on the background of Wikforss‟ interpretation of the Frege‟s Principle. Finally, we will propose and defend an alternative reading of Frege's Principle that we think will better capture both the anti-individualistic and the Fregean views.

The topic of my diploma thesis draws on my bachelor thesis, which described combustion products of selected substances in the complete combustion. The diploma thesis focused on the incomplete combustion in the same substances to make a comparison possible. In the chapter on the substances selected for burning, the substances were described theoretically first. Further, the burning was carried out, the products that came into being were collected into collection bags and sent to the laboratory of the Institute of Population Protection in Lázně Bohdaneč to be analysed. After receiving the records all possible effects on human health were carried out, and the results were compared with those of the bachelor thesis. The analyses showed that carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide appeared in all analyses, while the remaining substances differed to a minimum extent, however, they are in much higher concentrations than in the perfect combustion. I added two more substances that had not been in my bachelor thesis to those that were burnt, but in the course of two years their application became a common practice, and they play an increasingly more significant role in our life. The task of the chapter dealing with the detection technique was to find out and describe the possibilities of the commander in detecting the combustion products directly on the spot of the actual operation in the shortest possible time, to enable him to propose the protection of the firemen, and possibly to establish the possibilities of taking samples, transport to the laboratory, conducting a laboratory analysis and establishing the approximate time when he could obtain the first sampling results. All of this was focused on the possibilities of the Fire Rescue Service of the Region of South Bohemia (HZS JčK). The next chapter concerned their colleagues of the Fire Rescue Service of the Region of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, in which a questionnaire investigation was focused on them, identical with that of my bachelor thesis. As I had succeeded in including the results of my bachelor thesis into a training course, I wondered whether the knowledge would improve or not. After a comparison with the results from my bachelor thesis with the new ones the conclusions turned out to be favourable, and suggested in which way the training courses - not only for the professional units - should proceed. The results of the new questionnaire investigation, which showed an improvement, should form a basis of a campaign focusing on the non-professional public, which should be acquainted with what they breathe in the event that they burn vast variety of waste. I believe that results would be achieved even here in the form of a deeper knowledge and a better quality of the air we breathe.