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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Livslängd hos keramisk fiber i elektriska industriugnar

Kabanov, Alexey January 2018 (has links)
Dagens energianvändning minskar till följd av rådande miljöpolitik som kräver att industrier energieffektiviserar sina tillverkningsprocesser och minskar användningen av fossila bränslen. Målet med detta är att reducera den slutliga energianvändningen till 50 % och balansera eltillförseln i framtiden. Energieffektivisering och utveckling är två av de viktigaste aspekterna inom industriella processer som leder till hållbarhet och förändring av miljöpåverkan.  Utvecklingen inom eldfasta isoleringsmaterial gav stora möjligheter till stålindustrier att öka kvaliteten i materialtillverkningen samt minska värmeförluster i ugnsanläggningar. Detta leder framför allt till en ökad konkurrenskraft och minskad energikostnad. Besparingar inom energianvändningen skapar utrymme för nya investeringar som används till att förbättra stålindustrins effektivitet. Isoleringsmaterial används i dag i de flesta moderna industriella uppvärmningsugnar och problemen med dessa isoleringar är att de har begränsad livslängd vilket ställer kraven på noggrannare underhåll och högre investeringskostnader. Det finns i dagens läge inga särskilda metoder som kan kontrollera åldringen på isoleringen och endast begränsas till visuell inspektion vid avslagna ugnsanläggningar under planerade produktionstopp.   Vid inspektionerna av ugnens infodring upptäcks oftast större problem än vad som hade prognoserats. Detta orsakar många oplanerade reparationer med följd av förseningar i produktion som drabbar företagets ekonomi. Denna studie kommer att undersöka isoleringskvaliteten hos elektriska ugnar på ämneslinjen i Söderfors. Under detta arbete kommer riskzoner att lokaliseras där isoleringen drabbas mest under produktion och hur en sliten fiber påverkar ugnarnas verkningsgrader och energiförbrukning på företaget.                           Syftet med denna studie är att utarbeta metoder som grundar sig på ett prediktivt underhåll. Framtagning av produktionens effektivitet och ugnarnas verkningsgrader hjälper företaget att ha bättre kontroll över sina anläggningar. Detta skapar utrymme för nya investeringar vilket framför allt syftar till att balansera energianvändningen av uppvärmningsugnar men huvudsakligen svara på frågan hur snabbt degradering av keramisk fiber sker.   Resultatet som uppnås i detta arbete beskriver åldringen av fiber som inte sker konstant utan varierar på grund av ett antal förutsättningar, samt att rätt mängd kemisk sammansättning avgör isoleringskvaliteten. För att kunna följa åldringen tillämpas en ny mätmetod i praktiken som ger en noggrann status på isoleringensskick och kan prognosera kommande haverier. / Today's energy use is reduced as a result of current environmental policy, which requires industries to energy-efficient their manufacturing processes and reduce the use of fossil fuels. The goal of this is to reduce final energy consumption to 50% and balance future electricity supply. Energy efficiency and development are the most important aspects of industrial processes that lead to sustainability and change in environmental impact.   Developments in refractory insulation materials gave great opportunities for steel industries to increase the quality of material production and reduce heat losses in furnace plants. This leads in particular to increased competitiveness and reduced energy costs. Energy saving savings create room for new investments that are used to improve the steel industry's efficiency.   Insulation materials are currently used in most modern industrial heating furnaces and the problems with these insulations that they have a limited service life which imposes more accurate maintenance and higher investment costs. There are no specific methods today that can control the aging of the insulation and are limited only to visual inspection at decommissioned furnaces that can be carried out only on special occasions with planned production shutdowns.   The inspections of the oven's lining usually detect larger problems than had been forecast. This causes many unplanned repairs due to production delays that affect the company's economy. This study will investigate the insulation quality of electrical furnaces on the subject line in Söderfors. During this work, risk zones will be located where the insulation is most affected during production and how a worn wool affects the efficiency and energy consumption of the oven at the company.   The purpose of this study is to elaborate methods based on predictive maintenance, production efficiency, and efficiency of the ovens, helping the company to have better control over its facilities that provide room for new investment, which primarily aims to balance the energy use of heating ovens, but mainly to respond on the question of how fast ceramic wool degradation occurs.   The result achieved in this work describes the aging of wool that does not occur constantly but varies due to a number of conditions and that the right amount of chemical composition determines the insulation quality. In order to be able to follow the aging, a new measurement method is applied in practice that provides an accurate state of insulation condition and can predict future accidents.
32

Os modelos VAR e VEC espaciais : uma abordagem bayesiana

Hauer, Mariana January 2007 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o Modelo Vetorial Autorregressivo (VAR) e uma das suas variações, o Modelo Vetorial de Correções de Erros (VEC), segundo uma abordagem Bayesiana, considerando componentes regionais, que serão inseridos nos modelos apresentados através de informações a priori que levam em consideração a localização dos dados. Para formar tais informações a priori são utilizados conceitos referentes à econometria espacial, como por exemplo, as relações de contigüidade e as implicações que estas trazem. Como exemplo ilustrativo, o modelo em questão será aplicado a um conjunto de dados regionais, coletados por estados brasileiros. Este conjunto de dados consiste em observações da variável produção industrial para oito estados, no período de janeiro de 1991 a setembro de 2006. Em função da escolha do modelo adequado, a questão central foi descobrir em que medida a incorporação destas informações a priori no modelo VEC Bayesiano é coerente quando estimamos modelos que consideram informações localizacionais. / The main goal of this work is to present the Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR) and one of its variations, the Vector Error Correction Model (VEC), according to a Bayesian variant, considering regional components that will be inserted in the models presented through prior information, which takes in consideration the data localization. To form such prior information, spatial econometrics is used, as for example the contiguity relations and the implications that these bring to the modeling. As illustrative example, the model in question will be applied to a regional data set, collected for Brazilian states. This data set consists of industrial production for eight states, in the period between January 1991 and September 2006. The central question is to uncover whether the incorporation of these prior informations in the Bayesian VEC Model is coherent when we use models that consider contiguity information.
33

Os modelos VAR e VEC espaciais : uma abordagem bayesiana

Hauer, Mariana January 2007 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o Modelo Vetorial Autorregressivo (VAR) e uma das suas variações, o Modelo Vetorial de Correções de Erros (VEC), segundo uma abordagem Bayesiana, considerando componentes regionais, que serão inseridos nos modelos apresentados através de informações a priori que levam em consideração a localização dos dados. Para formar tais informações a priori são utilizados conceitos referentes à econometria espacial, como por exemplo, as relações de contigüidade e as implicações que estas trazem. Como exemplo ilustrativo, o modelo em questão será aplicado a um conjunto de dados regionais, coletados por estados brasileiros. Este conjunto de dados consiste em observações da variável produção industrial para oito estados, no período de janeiro de 1991 a setembro de 2006. Em função da escolha do modelo adequado, a questão central foi descobrir em que medida a incorporação destas informações a priori no modelo VEC Bayesiano é coerente quando estimamos modelos que consideram informações localizacionais. / The main goal of this work is to present the Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR) and one of its variations, the Vector Error Correction Model (VEC), according to a Bayesian variant, considering regional components that will be inserted in the models presented through prior information, which takes in consideration the data localization. To form such prior information, spatial econometrics is used, as for example the contiguity relations and the implications that these bring to the modeling. As illustrative example, the model in question will be applied to a regional data set, collected for Brazilian states. This data set consists of industrial production for eight states, in the period between January 1991 and September 2006. The central question is to uncover whether the incorporation of these prior informations in the Bayesian VEC Model is coherent when we use models that consider contiguity information.
34

A produção e o emprego industrial no Brasil e o impacto da abertura comercial (1990-2008)

Monteiro, Luis Emmanuel Rodrigues 04 October 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:45:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1860939 bytes, checksum: 3f659397a5b7313194bc59829ef3ca6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / We analyzed the trade liberalization, the level of employment and industrial production between 1990 and 2008. In 1980, the Substitution of Imports Model (MSI) has suffered from the delayed effects of three major adverse shocks that have strangled the balance of payments causing stagflation, it was clear the MSI had been exhausted. The model adopted in 1990, the Washington Consensus Model preaches the trade and financial liberalization as a basis for an economy of solid macroeconomic fundamentals, and its principles were put into practice in Brazil by PICE. Regarding industry, the period between 1990 and 2008 was a period of extraordinary gains in productivity. The relationship between industrial production and unemployment total was positive between 1990 and 2008 as predicted by Okun's Law adapted to the study of the industry. The SS theorem showed that in order to encourage the agricultural sector should be to facilitate the import of machinery and to encourage the industrial sector must become the manpower more productive and cheaper. The Blanchard model demonstrated how the trade unions react to structural changes in the economy. During the economic liberalization and under a framework of external shocks, the strength of unions has declined over the 1980s. Because the process of economic liberalization has brought an increase in the natural unemployment, unions have lost the strength to defend workers' interests effectively. The Lula government made an improvement in the indicators of employment and industrial production. There is no denying that the economy stable has been the best legacy that the previous government left for the Lula administration. However, it is known today that the cost of stabilization policy and trade liberalization in the 1990s could have been shorter if the fear of repeating the failures observed in the very historical and other countries, when under pressure of crisis international economic, had not led to extreme measures to curb demand. / Analisou-se a liberalização comercial, o nível de emprego e a produção industrial no período entre 1990 e 2008. Em 1980, o Modelo de Substituição de Importações (MSI) sofreu com os efeitos retardados de três grandes choques adversos que estrangularam a balança de pagamentos gerando estagflação. Era evidente o MSI tinha se esgotado. O modelo adotado em 1990, o Modelo do Consenso de Washington, prega a liberalização comercial e financeira como base para uma economia de fundamentos macroeconômicos sólidos. Seus princípios foram postos em prática no Brasil através da PICE. Em relação à indústria, o período entre 1990 e 2008 foi um período de ganho extraordinário de produtividade. A relação entre produção industrial e desemprego total mostrou-se positiva entre 1990 e 2008, como prediz a Lei de Okun adaptada ao estudo da indústria. O Teorema SS demonstrou que para se incentivar o setor agropecuário deve-se facilitar a importação de maquinário e para incentivar o setor industrial deve-se tornar a mão-de-obra mais produtiva e barata. O Modelo de Blanchard demonstrou como os sindicatos de trabalhadores reagem diante das mudanças estruturais da economia. Durante a liberalização econômica e sob um quadro de crises externas, a força dos sindicatos se reduziu em relação à década de 1980. Como o processo de liberalização econômica trouxe consigo uma elevação do desemprego natural, os sindicatos perderam a força para defender eficientemente os interesses dos trabalhadores. O governo Lula marcou uma melhora nos indicadores de emprego e produção industrial. Não há como negar que a economia estável foi a melhor herança que o governo passado deixou para a gestão Lula. No entanto, sabe-se hoje, que o custo da política de estabilização e da liberalização comercial da década de 1990 poderia ter sido menor, caso o medo de se repetir os fracassos observados no próprio histórico e de outros países, quando sob pressão das crises econômicas internacionais, não tivesse levado a medidas extremas de contenção de demanda.
35

Co-movimentos entre a produÃÃo industrial dos principais estados do Brasil / Co-movements between the industrial production of the main states of Brazil

Cristiano da Costa da Silva 21 January 2015 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Este trabalho usa a metodologia de identificaÃÃo de tendÃncias e ciclos comuns de Vahid e Engle (1993) para identificar a presenÃa de co-movimentos de curto e longo prazo entre as atividades industriais dos estados brasileiros. Para cumprir esse devido fim, o trabalho analisa o comportamento mensal do setor industrial dos estados da Bahia, Pernambuco, ParanÃ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul e SÃo Paulo, no perÃodo de janeiro de 2002 atà outubro de 2014. Os testes comprovam a existÃncia de uma tendÃncia estocÃstica comum e seis ciclos comuns. Os resultados apontam que desvios do equilÃbrio de longo prazo na produÃÃo real da indÃstria em um dado estado à capaz de influenciar a trajetÃria de produÃÃo dos demais estados. As sÃries apresentaram um comportamento prÃ-cÃclico perante aos choques transitÃrios, compartilhando de um comportamento similar de curto prazo. / This work uses the methodology implemented by Vahid and Engle (1993) in order to investigate the presence of co-movements of short and long-run between industrial activities of Brazilian states. To this end, it analyzes the industrial sector monthly behavior for the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, ParanÃ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul e SÃo Paulo during the 2002.1-2014.9 period. The tests has proven the existence of a common stochastic trend and six common cycles between the series. Moreover, the results show that deviaton of long run balance in real production industry in a given state is able to influence the path of production of other states. Finally, the series has a pro-cyclical behavior face transitory shocks, sharing a similar short-term behavior.
36

Os modelos VAR e VEC espaciais : uma abordagem bayesiana

Hauer, Mariana January 2007 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o Modelo Vetorial Autorregressivo (VAR) e uma das suas variações, o Modelo Vetorial de Correções de Erros (VEC), segundo uma abordagem Bayesiana, considerando componentes regionais, que serão inseridos nos modelos apresentados através de informações a priori que levam em consideração a localização dos dados. Para formar tais informações a priori são utilizados conceitos referentes à econometria espacial, como por exemplo, as relações de contigüidade e as implicações que estas trazem. Como exemplo ilustrativo, o modelo em questão será aplicado a um conjunto de dados regionais, coletados por estados brasileiros. Este conjunto de dados consiste em observações da variável produção industrial para oito estados, no período de janeiro de 1991 a setembro de 2006. Em função da escolha do modelo adequado, a questão central foi descobrir em que medida a incorporação destas informações a priori no modelo VEC Bayesiano é coerente quando estimamos modelos que consideram informações localizacionais. / The main goal of this work is to present the Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR) and one of its variations, the Vector Error Correction Model (VEC), according to a Bayesian variant, considering regional components that will be inserted in the models presented through prior information, which takes in consideration the data localization. To form such prior information, spatial econometrics is used, as for example the contiguity relations and the implications that these bring to the modeling. As illustrative example, the model in question will be applied to a regional data set, collected for Brazilian states. This data set consists of industrial production for eight states, in the period between January 1991 and September 2006. The central question is to uncover whether the incorporation of these prior informations in the Bayesian VEC Model is coherent when we use models that consider contiguity information.
37

Formação e desenvolvimento do parque industrial paulista segundo as informações censitárias e as pesquisas industriais anuais / Training and development of São Paulo\'s industrial park according to census iformation and research annual industrial

Amanda Mergulhão Santos Barros 07 December 2011 (has links)
Analisar a formação do parque industrial paulista, desde suas primeiras fabriquetas aos grandes aglomerados industriais de 2008 constitui foco primordial deste trabalho. Soma-se a isto o interesse por testar as informações provenientes dos Censos Econômicos e das Pesquisas Industriais Anuais do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística enquanto instrumental útil para se estudar a industrialização paulista. As variáveis quantidade de estabelecimentos industriais, valor da produção, pessoas ocupadas e gastos com matérias primas permitem construir dois indicadores para facilitar a visualização de certos fenômenos: densidade industrial (relação entre pessoas ocupadas e número de estabelecimentos das maiores indústrias paulistas em cada município) e diversidade industrial (quantidade de diferentes produtos e serviços gerados pelas maiores indústrias paulistas em cada município). Constata-se que a concentração geográfica industrial é um movimento que se mostra de diversas formas e intensidades ao longo do processo histórico. Quando se acompanha a distribuição dos estabelecimentos pelo estado, destaca-se a diversidade geográfica industrial caminhando em paralelo à especialização de algumas áreas. Para cada atividade, as particularidades e determinantes da localização industrial oscilam no tempo, determinam e são determinados por uma série de circunstâncias políticas e econômicas, nacionais e internacionais. Cabe destacar que os estabelecimentos industriais localizados mais distantes da capital têm papel crescente no número de pessoas ocupadas por estabelecimento. De fato, grande parte das variáveis analisadas em 2008 evidencia um movimento de dispersão, ao mesmo tempo em que permanecem mais concentradas geograficamente as atividades intensivas em capital e conhecimento tecnológico. Uma situação ainda em curso, passível de mudanças, tanto aprimoramento quanto reversão. / The main goal of this work is the analysis of São Paulos industrial park formation, starting from the early small factories until the current major industrial agglomerates. Additionally, this work also evaluates the quality of the Economic Censuses and of the Annual Industrial Survey data as useful tools for analyzing São Paulo´s industrialization. A set of variables including the number of industrial establishments, the output value, the number of employees and the expenses with raw materials allow the elaboration of two indicators that help in visualizing the industrialization phenomenon: industrial density (the ratio of employees by the number of local units of São Paulo major companies, by municipality) and industrial diversity (the number of different products and services offered by São Paulo major companies in each municipality). The industrial geographic concentration has several forms and varying intensity along the historical process. The local unit distribution across the state reveals the industrial geographic diversity together with the specialization in some regions. For each industry, the location determinants vary across time and are subject to or imply national and international political and economic conditions. The local units further located from the State capital are increasingly important in the number of employees by the number of local units. Indeed, most of the variables evaluated in 2008 indicate the establishments dispersion, while the industries intensive in capital and technology remain geographically concentrated. Such panorama reveals a period of greater industrial geographic concentration, which may evolve to a greater concentration or may experience a trend reversion.
38

Textilní umění současnosti. Inspirace dílem Sheily Hicks pro výtvarnou výchovu / Contemporary textile art. Artwork of Sheila Hicks as Inspiration for Art Education

Nývltová, Tereza January 2014 (has links)
The first part of the thesis has the character of an exploratory probe, which is looking for the form and situation of textile art at present. It is based mainly interviews of experts in the field of textile art and experiences of the visited exhibitions. Part of this thesis is also personal creation, based on textile experiments. From these findings there was created a pivotal part in the form of a didactic project, inspired in particular by the creation of Sheila Hicks. Results and benefits of the work is to outline the current situation of textile art in our country and verified in a practical set of teaching practices focused mainly on the development of sensory sensitivity. The didactic methods are supplemented by reflections and extending or innovate variant sof lesson plans in Art Education.
39

Utveckling av koncept för ny åkprofil till bakgavellyft : Produktutveckling och konstruktion

Fritzon, Gustav January 2022 (has links)
Detta examensarbete har utförts i samarbete med Z-lyften Produktion AB som tillverkar bakgavellyftar till lastbilar. En av deras modeller har funktionen att den kan köras in under lastbilen eller trailern. Lyften rullar då på hjul i så kallad slädprofiler som i sin tur är fästa mot lastbilen med ramfästen. Dessa profiler är i dagsläget tillverkade i stål och dimensionerade efter lasterna i arbetsläget vilket gör att de är överdimensionerade över resten av dess längd. Detta gör dem onödigt tunga. De är också svåra att kapa till olika längder och det finns en önskan att göra ramfästena flyttbara. Syftet med detta arbete blev därför att minska profilens vikt och därmed ge miljö- och arbetsmäss-iga vinster, göra fästena flyttbara för enklare montage på lastbil samt medge enklare kapning för effektivare produktion. Målet var att genom en produktutvecklingsprocess presentera ett koncept i form av en 3D-modell på en ny konstruktion av åkprofilen som uppfyller ovan nämnda syfte. En förstudie gav en överblick av konkurrensen och samtal med intres-senter gav en omfattande produktspecifikation att utgå ifrån i det fortsatta arbetet. Produktens önskade funktioner analyserades och dellösningar till dessa söktes sedan i ett antal källor. Detta ledde fram till en rad lös-ningar som kombinerades till fyra koncept varav ett valdes ut för detaljkonstruktion som utfördes med analytiska och numeriska beräk-ningar. Det slutgiltiga konceptet bestod i en aluminiumprofil med spår för flyttbara fästen och glidlager av plast i stället för hjul. Konceptet gav enligt en uppskattning en viktbesparing på 20% jämfört med den nuvarande och profilen i sig blev 60% lättare. Kostnadsmässigt gav själva profilen en besparing på 13% men totalt riskerar konceptet att bli dyrare än den ursprungliga lösningen då förstärkningar av stål behövs i arbetsläget. / This thesis is written in cooperation with Z-lyften Produktion AB which is a manufacturer of tail lifts for trucks. One of their models works by enabling the operator to stow the tail lift under the truck or trailer. The tail lift is in this case mounted on wheel brackets with steel wheels that rolls inside slide profiles. The slide profiles are mounted to the truck frame. Currently, these profiles are made from steel, and they are dimensioned to withstand the loads that are present when the lift is in operation. Therefore, the slide profiles are excessively dimensioned across the length except where the wheels are positioned during operation which causes them to be unnecessarily heavy. The steel profile is difficult to cut in production and there is also a desire to have mounting brackets that can be positioned more freely on the profile. Regarding this, the purpose of this work was to make the profiles lighter to reduce the environmental impact as well as improve the working environment in the production facility, make the mounting brackets more flexible to make the mounting process easier and to make the cutting process easier. The goal was to provide the company with a concept in the form of a 3D-model that fulfils the above purpose. A feasibility study provided an overview of the competition and meetings with stakeholders gave the comprehensive list of product specifications that was the foundation for the rest of the process. The desired functions of the product were analysed and solutions to the functions was then gathered from several sources. The identified possible solutions were then combined into four concepts of which one concept was selected for further development and dimensioning with analytical and numerical methods. The final concept is based on an extruded aluminium profile with polymer slide bearings and T-shaped slots for the mounting brackets. A rough estimate pointed to a weight saving of about 20% for the concept as a whole and the slide profiles alone was 60% lighter. The new profiles gave a cost reduction of 13% but the concept as a whole runs the risk of becoming more expensive than the current solution. / <p>2022-07-01</p>
40

Hlavní trendy průmyslové výroby v postindustriálním období a jejich geografické aspekty (implementace do výuky zeměpisu na ZŠ) / The main trends in industrial production in the post-industrial period and geographical aspects (implementation in teaching geography at primary schools)

LÝSENKO-CHVÍLOVÁ, Petra January 2014 (has links)
This M. A. Thesis evaluates the Geography of Industry in the post-industrial period. It focuses on the development of the world economy during this period with an emphasis on industrial production. Based on these findings, identifies the main trends in industrial production in this period. Of these major trends are then selected those that are enough significant to have been selected for practical implementation in teaching at primary and secondary schools. The practical part of this M. A. Thesis are new teaching materials according to current trends in industrial production, that were created after detailed analysis of already available teaching materials for elementary schools. These materials are presented in the form of instructional text, worksheets and digital educational material for the interactive Smart boards.

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