O presente trabalho trata das tutelas antecipadas em processos coletivos a partir do tratamento legal diferenciado dado pelo legislador e das considerações jurídicas não-legais próprias do seu objeto. Por meio de estudo comparado, o trabalho pretende enfrentar as dificuldades inerentes à complexidade das relações envolvidas, dando especial atenção à função do desenho da tutela antecipada, ao conceito de irreparabilidade e irreversibilidade, e à aplicação dos requisitos balance of hardships e interesse público. A análise passa pelas teorias da decisão judicial a fim de dar perspectiva à necessidade de um procedimento deliberativo mais complexo e minucioso para fins de responsividade das decisões judiciais. Ademais, explorase a adjudicaçãoo pragmática elaborada por Richard Posner e pretende-se sua aplicação aos processos coletivos por meio da introdução da análise de custo-benefício como procedimento decisório welfarista moralmente relevante, mas não moralmente decisivo. / This thesis focuses on the preliminary injunctions in class actions, having as the starting point the different legal treatment given by the legislator and the non-legal jurídical considerations that flows from its nature. By means of a comparative study, the work intends to face the inherent difficuties of the complex relationships entailed, paying extra attention to the function of the preliminary injunction structure, to the concept of irreparability and irreversibility, and to the way the requirements of balance of hardships and public interest apply. The analysis passes through the theories of the judicial decision-making process in order to give perspective to the need of more complex deliberative proceedings which must be done in full details to reach accountability. Furthermore, the work explores the pragmatic adjudication elaborated by Richard Posner and intends its application to class actions by means of the introduction of cost-benefit analysis as a welfarist decision-making procedure that is morally relevant, but not morally decisive.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:23:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Aparecida dos Santos.pdf: 308091 bytes, checksum: 3660b2d9e157cc28c8e2f02c049970b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-29 / This thesis retakes the issue of authorship, discussed in the text of Michel Foucault ([1969] 2002), "What is an author?" The aim is to (re)put the issue of authorship from another angle, not determined only by the imaginary vertex, where the author is situated as the origin of his act. Foucault, albeit in another position, discussing the author's notion undermines the identification/strict linkage and traditional between author and individual proposing the authorfunction for inspecting relationship between the author and the text. For that, it considered that the statement of indifference is an immanent rule of contemporary writing. A writing that, according to Foucault, is not obliged with an interiority, since it's "set of signs headed fewer by its content meaning that by nature itself of the signifier" (Foucault, [1969] 2002). Two reasons explored in this thesis delimit the meaning of "indifference" in Foucault's work: (1) the writing has freed up to connecting to a subjective expression - it only refers to itself; (2) the writing is related to the death. To observe the operation of this set of signs, when discussing authorship, parts it from the reading language while system described by Saussure ([1916] 2006), seeking to raise: (1) "as Foucault articulates the relation with the exterior of speech and language that only knows its own order (laws of internal reference of the language)" ?; (2) How relates set of signs and the nature of the signifier? and (3) "the Saussurian concept of the language, defined as" value system "is present in Foucault's discussion of the authorship?". The answers to these questions were related to the theoretical framework established by the Research Group Acquisition, disease and clinical language (LAEL-Derdic / CNPq), that Prof. Dra. Maria Francisca Lier-DeVitto and Prof. Dra. Lucia Arantes are coordinators. The importance attributed to there to its own language and the significant allowed a differentiated reading with respect to Foucault's discussions, second a target other than represented a return to Saussure (MILNER, 2002) in the 1980s. The nature of significant pointed to constitutive tensions and to a faulty connection in the articulation of a work or a text to a subject - there is non-coincidence of the subject with himself, and also non-coincidence of him with his writing. The focus on significant (and not in the meaning), where there is an emphasis on laws of internal reference of language (and not in the discursive externality), demanded differences from the discussion of the issue of authorship, indicating advances and limitations in its questioning by the philosopher / Esta tese retoma a questão da autoria, abordada no texto de Michel Foucault ([1969] 2002): O que é um autor? . O objetivo é (re) colocar a problemática da autoria por outro ângulo, não determinado unicamente pelo vértice do imaginário, em que o autor se encontra situado como origem de seu ato. Foucault, ainda que de outra posição, ao discutir a noção de autor, abala a identificação/ligação estreita e tradicional entre autor e indivíduo, ao propor a função-autor para o exame das relações entre o autor e o texto. Para tanto, considerou que na indiferença do enunciado encontra-se uma regra imanente da escrita contemporânea. Uma escrita que, segundo Foucault, não se obriga com uma interioridade, já que é jogo de signos comandado menos por seu conteúdo significado do que pela própria natureza do significante (FOUCAULT, [1969]2002). Dois motivos explorados nesta tese circunscrevem o sentido de indiferença na obra de Foucault: (1) a escrita libertou-se da ligação a uma expressão subjetiva - ela só se refere a si própria; (2) a escrita tem parentesco com a morte. Para observar o funcionamento deste jogo de signos, quando se discute autoria, parte-se da leitura da língua enquanto sistema descrito por Saussure ([1916] 2006), buscando levantar: (1) como Foucault articula a relação com a exterioridade do discurso e a língua, que só conhece sua ordem própria (as leis de referência interna da linguagem)?; (2) De que modo relaciona jogo de signos e a natureza do significante? e (3) o conceito saussuriano de a língua, definida como sistema de valores está presente na discussão foucaultiana sobre a autoria? As respostas a esses questionamentos foram relacionados ao referencial teórico estabelecido pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Aquisição, patologias e clínica de linguagem (LAELDerdic/ CNPq), de que a Profa. Dra. Maria Francisca Lier-DeVitto e a Profa. Dra. Lúcia Arantes são coordenadoras. A importância ali atribuída à ordem própria da língua e ao significante permitiu uma leitura diferenciada em relação às discussões de Foucault, segunda uma visada outra do que representou o retorno a Saussure (MILNER, 2002) nos anos de 1980. A natureza do significante apontou para tensões constitutivas e para uma relação faltosa na articulação de uma obra ou texto a um sujeito há não-coincidência do sujeito consigo mesmo, e também não-coincidência dele com sua escrita. A aposta no significante (e não no significado), em que há ênfase nas leis de referência interna da linguagem (e não na exterioridade discursiva), demandaram diferenças em relação à discussão da questão da autoria, indicando avanços e limitações em sua problematização pelo filósofo

Civil gang injunctions (CGIs) are bans on nuisance behavior that have been enacted against gang members. Numerous studies conducted on the efficacy of CGIs have proven that they have little to no long-term effects on the communities in which they are implemented, nor on the gang members enjoined under them and their gang activities. The purpose of this empirical, phenomenological interpretative analysis study was to (a) determine the sociofamilial effects of CGIs on community residents; (b) determine the effects of CGIs on the behaviors and activities of enjoined gang members; and (c) determine the overall efficacy of CGIs based on the perspectives of community residents and enjoined gang members, with the goal of creating avenues to improve CGIs or eliminate them, if necessary. The theoretical framework for this study was Berger and Luckmann's social construction theory. A total of 7 anonymous phone interviews were conducted with community residents, enjoined gang members, and local law enforcement living and/or working in the enjoined neighborhood during the implementation of the first gang injunction in Memphis, TN. Data from these interviews were coded for thematic analysis and constant comparison. The findings were mixed in that some participants expressed that the injunction had positive results for a while and others expressed that it had a negative effect on the community. It was found that the injunction was positively effective, but only on a short-term basis, and that consistent introduction of community resources to address underlying issues that lead to crime would have been a better solution.

Abstract not available

O presente trabalho trata das tutelas antecipadas em processos coletivos a partir do tratamento legal diferenciado dado pelo legislador e das considerações jurídicas não-legais próprias do seu objeto. Por meio de estudo comparado, o trabalho pretende enfrentar as dificuldades inerentes à complexidade das relações envolvidas, dando especial atenção à função do desenho da tutela antecipada, ao conceito de irreparabilidade e irreversibilidade, e à aplicação dos requisitos balance of hardships e interesse público. A análise passa pelas teorias da decisão judicial a fim de dar perspectiva à necessidade de um procedimento deliberativo mais complexo e minucioso para fins de responsividade das decisões judiciais. Ademais, explorase a adjudicaçãoo pragmática elaborada por Richard Posner e pretende-se sua aplicação aos processos coletivos por meio da introdução da análise de custo-benefício como procedimento decisório welfarista moralmente relevante, mas não moralmente decisivo. / This thesis focuses on the preliminary injunctions in class actions, having as the starting point the different legal treatment given by the legislator and the non-legal jurídical considerations that flows from its nature. By means of a comparative study, the work intends to face the inherent difficuties of the complex relationships entailed, paying extra attention to the function of the preliminary injunction structure, to the concept of irreparability and irreversibility, and to the way the requirements of balance of hardships and public interest apply. The analysis passes through the theories of the judicial decision-making process in order to give perspective to the need of more complex deliberative proceedings which must be done in full details to reach accountability. Furthermore, the work explores the pragmatic adjudication elaborated by Richard Posner and intends its application to class actions by means of the introduction of cost-benefit analysis as a welfarist decision-making procedure that is morally relevant, but not morally decisive.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-04-24T12:28:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Lopes Genaro.pdf: 2248401 bytes, checksum: 04dde4ea1835e542a4fbe71fda42500f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-24T12:28:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Lopes Genaro.pdf: 2248401 bytes, checksum: 04dde4ea1835e542a4fbe71fda42500f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-14 / The dissertation analysis the new procedures involving preliminary injunctions arising from the Civil Procedure Code of 2015, and its implications in tax matters, by means of tracing its historical evolution, concept and characteristics in the new Code. In addition, the dissertation analysis the use, by tax payers, of preliminary injunctions against the Public Treasury and Tax Authorities, its limitations and reflexes in concrete cases / A dissertação analisa a nova sistemática das tutelas provisórias decorrentes do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 e as suas implicações nas discussões judiciais envolvendo matéria tributária, analisando a evolução das tutelas provisórias, seu conceito e definição e as disposições trazidas pelo atual Codex processual, bem como a aplicação deste instrumento processual em face da Fazenda Pública, as limitações existentes e seus reflexos nas ações ajuizadas pelos Contribuintes para questionar matéria tributária, analisando situações concretas vivenciada no Poder Judiciário

The purpose of this study is to see if there is any difference in speech space and teachers treatment against pupils with different gender.  I have made this study based on behaviorist and a socio-cultural approach. Children need a positive reinforcement to learn and to co-op with their environment. Together with a more competent student or teacher can a child learn more than on its own. I have observed two operating teachers on two different schools. Every teacher has been observed at four opportunities. I have used both an observation scheme and a sound recording of the classes. After the recording material and the observation scheme has been analyzed. The result has showed that the speech space between boys and girls is comparable with a small advantage of girls, girls more frequent want to speak their mind during class.  On the other hand, boys get more attention via encouragement and injunctions. The result also shows that the teacher foremost is using responsive initiation draws.  It’s the teacher who nominates who get the speak in the classroom and the follow-up to the students is usually short. / Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka skillnader i talutrymme samt lärarens bemötande i klassrummet utifrån elevernas kön. Studiens har utgått ifrån ett behavioristiskt och ett sociokulturellt synsätt. Barn behöver positiv förstärkning för att lära sig samt att människan lär i samspel med sin omgivning. Tillsammans med en mer kompetent, kamrat eller lärare kan ett barn lära sig nya saker som hen inte kan på egen hand.  Observationer har skett av två verksamma lärare på två olika skolor. Varje lärare observerades vid fyra olika tillfällen. Både observationsschema samt ljudinspelning av lektionen har använts. Det inspelade materialet har sedan tillsammans med observationsschemat analyseras.  Resultaten visar att talutrymmet mellan flickor och pojkar är jämnt fördelat med ett litet övertag på flickor, flickor är även mer frekventa på att vilja ha ordet. Pojkar får däremot betydligt mer uppmärksamhet i form av beröm och tillsägelser. Resultaten visar även att läraren främst använder sig av svarsindikterade initieringsdrag. Det är främst läraren som nominerar vem som ska tala i klassrummet, och uppföljningen till eleverna är ofta mycket kort.

The topic of preliminary injunctions (injunctive relief) in civil proceedings has not been monographically processed and published in the Czech Republic for more than one hundred years. That is in spite of the practical relevance and topical debates pertaining to the topic. A whole array of problematic questions connected to preliminary injunctions is controversial and also legal opinions in Czech commentary literature considerably diverge in respect to particular issues. The thesis offers a systematic approach to preliminary injunctions and proceedings governed by the Czech Civil Proceedings Code and the Statute on Special Court Proceedings ("OSŘ" and "ZŘS"). Attention is paid to historic developments and comparable jurisdictions (especially Germany and Austria), which are used as a reference in cases where Czech sources are insufficient. The aim of the work is to pose and answer fundamental questions of the "law of preliminary injunctions". The work deals with function, typology, relation to the proceedings based on merits, interlocutory character, limits, means, effects, particularities (such as demonstration, justification), requirements for granting and possibilities of enforcement of preliminary measures, further with relation to relative legal creatures (i.e. preliminary enforceability) and...

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-20T14:04:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Aurélio Queiroz de Souza.pdf: 1275828 bytes, checksum: 18876b9577a9b5c15cbc48e934b9e034 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-20T14:04:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Aurélio Queiroz de Souza.pdf: 1275828 bytes, checksum: 18876b9577a9b5c15cbc48e934b9e034 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-13 / This dissertation aims at the study of the right to special retirement in the Social Security System (SSS), taking into account the activities in which there is exposure to agents harmful to the health or physical integrity of the public servant (article 40, § 4º, III, of CF/88). Faced with the absence of a federal regulatory standard, it is intended to question, in the light of the Federal Constitution, infraconstitutional norms and court decisions, the adoption of differentiated requirements and criteria for granting the benefit. In attempting to sediment the study, one draws an approach to historical evolution; concept and legal nature of special retirement; the exposure of public servants to harmful agents and the association of agents; the documents necessary for proving the right; the use of protective equipment; and the position of the Federal Supreme Court (FSC) in the enforcement of the right to special retirement of the public servant by injunction orders, with the subsequent edition of Binding Summary 33, which determined the application, by analogy, of Law n. 8,213/91. On the other hand, it focuses on the contested aspects and on the legislative competence of the federated entities to establish, in their scope, general rules and specific rules on special retirement. It concludes with the presentation of Draft Complementary Law n. 555/2010 and Proposed Constitutional Amendment n. 287/2016, as well as judged by some Courts of Accounts / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo do direito à concessão da aposentadoria especial no Regime Próprio de Previdência Social (RPPS), tendo como prisma as atividades em que há a exposição a agentes nocivos à saúde ou à integridade física do servidor público (art. 40, § 4º, III, da CF/88). Diante da ausência de norma federal regulamentadora, pretende-se questionar, à luz da Constituição Federal, normas infraconstitucionais e decisões dos tribunais, a adoção de requisitos e critérios diferenciados para a concessão do benefício. No intento de sedimentar o estudo, traça-se uma abordagem da evolução histórica; conceito e natureza jurídica da aposentadoria especial; a exposição dos servidores públicos aos agentes nocivos e associação de agentes; os documentos necessários para a comprovação do direito; o uso de equipamentos de proteção; e a posição do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) na efetivação do direito à aposentadoria especial do servidor público por meio de mandados de injunção, com a posterior edição da Súmula Vinculante 33, que determinou a aplicação, por analogia, da Lei n. 8.213/91. Adentra, por outro lado, nos aspectos controvertidos e na competência legislativa dos entes federados para estabelecer, no seu âmbito, normas gerais e normas específicas sobre a aposentadoria especial. Conclui-se com a apresentação do Projeto de Lei Complementar n. 555/2010 e a Proposta de Emenda Constitucional n. 287/2016, bem como julgados de alguns Tribunais de Contas

The state of California has one of the largest and most violent gang populations in the United States. Although there have been a variety of anti-gang measures and policies enacted by local and state governments, none have been more effective than the Civil Gang Injunction (CGI). This civil action prohibits certain street gangs, and their members, from participating in activities that would otherwise be considered lawful. In order to obtain an injunction a prosecutor must demonstrate to the court that the gang is engaged in ongoing criminal conduct and represents a public nuisance to a geographically defined area. When a neighborhood is under an injunction, not only is police presence in the area increased but officers are also given more freedom to investigate and apprehend gang members who are suspected to be in violation of the terms. As this thesis will argue, injunctions, when used correctly, have proven to be an effective weapon in diminishing the influence of territorial street gangs on community well-being. When used incorrectly, however, they often only provide a temporary fix to a long-lasting problem. They also have been known to contribute to an increase in crime in neighboring areas, an increased number of wrongful arrests, and in some cases they have promoted criminality amongst young people. To explore the efficacy of injunctions, this thesis will focus on three empirical studies that cover a period from 1993 to 2003, when the rates of gang-related violence were at an all-time high and injunctions became the primary tool for City and District Attorneys to combat the nuisance. Two of these studies argue that injunctions have a positive impact on violent crime statistics, whereas the third concludes that they do not. By comparing these conflicting pieces of quantitative evidence, this thesis aims to gauge the actual effect of injunctions on crime rates and weigh the perceived benefits of this measure against its unintended negative effects.