Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:54:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RONALDO PORTELA.pdf: 1248321 bytes, checksum: 32236d6c47873061a20e4e8cd5b4e4b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / Background: Syphilis is an infectious disease that in Brazilian prison systems has optimal conditions to increase the risk of transmission among inmates. Objectives: Determine prevalence and assess risk situations associated with transmission of syphilis among inmates of Prison Complex Aparecida de Goiânia/GO in the period from February to September 2011. Methods: cross-sectional study exploratory of quantitative approach. Study participants were 1.173 inmates that answered a questionnaire containing variables on behaviors risk for T. pallidum infection. The seroprevalence was found using serological tests screening VDRL and ELISA as confirmatory. Data were tabulated and the variables were analyzed using the EPI INFO and SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences).Were calculated rates of seroprevalence by age and educational level, and relative risks (odds ratios) associated with risk behaviors. Results: The seroprevalence of syphilis found in this population was 2.22% (IC95%). Of the study participant s total, 83.4% were aged between 18 and 39 years. This age group contributes with 85% of cases found positive for serological screening. The seroprevalence among those with low education contributed 58.2% of the population seroprevalence. For the variables of risk situations the homosexual relationship had an odds ratio of 3.44 (IC 0,77 - 15,29 and p=0,084), use of tattoo 3.05 (IC 1,14 - 8,14 and p=0,019), condom use 1.84 (IC 0,40 - 8,43 and p=0,356)and use of injecting drugs 3.71 (IC 1,35 - 10,13 and p=0,006).Conclusions: The seroprevalence rate was lower than those found in studies performed in other prisons in the country. Of the variables evaluated in the study the use of tattoos and the use of injectable drugs were statistically significant risk factors associated with seropositivity to syphilis. The combination of risk situations evaluated in this study can contribute to the transmission of syphilis on the Brazilian prisons. / Introdução: A sífilis é uma doença infectocontagiosa que encontra no ambiente prisional brasileiro condições que podem aumentar o risco da sua transmissão entre a população carcerária. Objetivos: Determinar a soroprevalência e avaliar as situações de risco associadas à transmissão da sífilis entre os presidiários do Complexo Prisional de Aparecida de Goiânia/GO no período de fevereiro a setembro de 2011. Metodologia: Estudo de base exploratória transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Um total de 1.173 participantes do estudo responderam a um questionário contendo variáveis sobre comportamentos e situações de risco para infecção pelo T. pallidum. A soroprevalência foi encontrada após a triagem sorológica utilizando o teste VDRL e ELISA como confirmatório. Os dados obtidos foram tabulados e as variáveis foram analisadas através dos programas EPI INFO e SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Foram calculadas as taxas de soroprevalência por faixa etária e nível de escolaridade, e os riscos relativos (odds ratio) associados a comportamentos de risco. Resultados: A soroprevalência encontrada para sífilis na população estudada foi de 2,22% (IC95%). Do total de participantes do estudo, 83,4% tinham idade entre 18 e 39 anos. Esta faixa etária contribui com 85% dos casos positivos encontrados na triagem sorológica. A soroprevalência entre àqueles que possuem escolaridade abaixo do nível médio contribuiu com 58,2% da soroprevalência encontrada na população. Para as variáveis de situações de risco a relação homossexual teve uma razão de chances de 3,44 (IC 0,77 - 15,29 e p= 0,084), uso de tatuagem 3,05 (IC 1,14 - 8,14 e p= 0,019), uso de preservativos 1,84 (IC 0,40 - 8,43 e p =0,356) e uso de drogas injetáveis 3,71 (IC 1,35 - 10,13 e p= 0,006). Conclusões: A taxa de soroprevalência encontrada foi menor do que as encontradas em estudos realizados em outros presídios do País. Das variáveis avaliadas no estudo o uso de Tatuagens e o uso de Drogas Injetáveis foram os fatores de risco estatisticamente significantes associados à soropositividade para a sífilis. A combinação das situações de risco avaliadas pode contribuir para a transmissão da sífilis nos presídios brasileiros.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Julia Souza Chinalia.pdf: 1204996 bytes, checksum: 3415a91dc589e9faca0acce1cc050392 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-13 / The present essay intends to investigate, in a psychoanalytic view, the emotional experience of women who are serving sentences after being judged under rule of law situations. It is justified as to achieve emotional comprehension over these people can shed some light on the way particular, adverse, oppressive conditions reflect themselves over individual subjectivities. The research is organized, methodologically, as a case study by means of the psychoanalytic approaching of a Brazilian documentary entitled "Hist?rias de Daluana" (2007). Successive exposure to the movie, accompanied by the audio transcription, allowed the interpretative production of the following affective-emotional sense fields, or relative unconscious: "Personal Value", "Bride-Girl", "Business Woman" and "Disconcerting Mother". We finished this research stablishing a dialog between Winnicot s theory about deprivation and delinquency. The overall picture points that the enterviewee's emotional experience is mainly based over the feeling of humiliation, from which she tries to defend herself in various ways, using more or less conservative imaginations. Within the limits imposed by the embraced investigative proceeding, this research carries comprehensive reflections and leads to questionings that can enlighten similar situations. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar psicanaliticamente a experi?ncia emocional de mulheres que est?o em cumprimento de pena ap?s julgamentos em situa??es de estado de direito. Justifica-se na medida em que a conquista de compreens?o emocional, sobre estas pessoas, pode lan?ar luz sobre o modo como condi??es concretas desfavor?veis e opressivas se refletem sobre subjetividades individuais. A pesquisa se organiza, metodologicamente, como estudo de caso, por meio da abordagem psicanal?tica de um document?rio brasileiro, intitulado Hist?rias de Daluana (2007). Sucessivas exposi??es ao filme, acompanhadas pela transcri??o do ?udio, permitiram a produ??o interpretativa dos seguintes campos de sentido afetivo-emocional, que se articulam indicando a centralidade da experi?ncia de humilha??o social: Valor Pessoal , "Menina-Noiva", Mulher de Neg?cios e M?e Desconcertante . Finalizamos estabelecendo uma interlocu??o com a teoria winnicottiana, para propor que a reconhecida vincula??o entre priva??o e delinqu?ncia deve ser completada, na compreens?o de casos an?logos ao aqui considerado, pela inclus?o da problem?tica da humilha??o social, na medida em que este ? o foco do sofrimento da entrevistada, que gera diferentes defesas, que utilizam elementos de imagin?rios mais ou menos conservadores. Nos limites impostos pelo procedimento investigativo adotado, essa pesquisa suporta reflex?es compreensivas e suscita indaga??es que podem iluminar situa??es an?logas.

Objetivo: A prevalência e incidência da tuberculose na população prisional é muito maior que na população geral. Conhecer a prevalência de infectados, doentes e características físicas, sociais e criminais dos presos, foram objetos deste estudo. Método: Realizou-se uma busca ativa de casos de tuberculose nos 1.052 detentos de 9 Distritos Policiais da Zona Oeste da Cidade de São Paulo, entre 2000-2001. Após a aplicação de um inquérito e da prova tuberculínica, foram realizados os exames de baciloscopia, cultura, identificação e teste de sensibilidade às drogas antituberculose. Resultados: Do total de 1.052 detentos 99,7 por cento eram homens; 71,3 por cento tinham entre 18 e 29 anos; 82,4 por cento eram solteiros ou amasiados; 51,4 por cento eram pretos ou pardos; 64,5 por cento não completaram o 1º grau; 40 por cento praticaram o roubo como principal delito; 3,7 por cento tiveram tuberculose no passado e 32,8 por cento eram sintomáticos respiratórios. Dos 932 que fizeram a prova tuberculínica, 64,5 por cento estavam infectados. Dos 1.017 escarros analisados, 8 (0,8 por cento) foram positivos na baciloscopia e 54 (5,3 por cento) na cultura. Das 54 cepas isoladas, 38,9 por cento eram M. tuberculosis e 61,1 por cento eram micobactérias não tuberculosas. Das 21 cepas de M. tuberculosis, 85,7 por cento eram sensíveis, 9,5 por cento eram resistentes à isoniazida e rifampicina e 4,8 por cento à isoniazida, rifampicina e pirazinamida. Conclusões: Pela baciloscopia, o coeficiente de prevalência de tuberculose (por 100.000 detentos) foi de 787, e pela cultura de 5.310, cerca de 30 e 203 vezes mais que o da população da cidade de São Paulo, respectivamente. O fato de haver 3 detentos com cepas multirresistentes às drogas antituberculose é uma ameaça à saúde pública / Purpose: The prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis in inmates population is much larger than in the general population. The purpose of this study was acquiring good knowledge of the prevalence of infected person and tuberculosis patients, as well as the physical, social and criminal characteristics of inmates. Method: An active search of tuberculosis cases was conducted among the 1,052 inmates of 9 County Jails of the West Section of the São Paulo City between 2000-2001. After application of an inquiry and the tuberculin skin test, laboratory investigations were also conducted such as sputum bacilloscopy, culture, identification and the test of sensitivity to anti-TB drugs. Results: Out of the total number of 1,052 inmates, 99.7 per cent were males; 71.3 per cent were in the group of ages 18 and 29 years old; 82.4 per cent were single or had sexual mates; 51.4 per cent were negroes or mulattos; 64.5 per cent had low education level; 40 per cent had been engaged in thefts/robberies; 3.7 per cent had tuberculosis episodes in the past and 32.8 per cent displayed respiratory symptoms. Out of the 932 which underwent the tuberculin skin test, 64.5 per cent were infected. Out of the 1,017 sputum samples analyzed, 8 (0.8 per cent) had positive bacilloscopy and 54 (5.3 per cent) positive culture. Of the 54 strains isolated, 38.9 per cent were M. tuberculosis and 61.1 per cent were non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. Of the 21 M. tuberculosis strains 85.7 per cent were sensitive, 9.5 per cent were resistant to isoniazide and rifampicin and 4.8 per cent to isoniazide, rifampicin and pyrazinamide. Conclusions: Based on the bacilloscopy, the tuberculosis prevalence rate (per 100,000 inmates) was 787 and based on the culture was 5,310 inmates, around 30 and 203 times higher than that of the São Paulo city population, respectively. The fact that 3 inmates had strains multi-resistant to anti-TB drugs can be deemed a threat to the public health

The Virginia Department of Corrections mandates that all offenders without a high school diploma or general equivalency diploma (GED) are required to be enrolled in GED programs offered in the prison system. However, these programs have shown varying rates of success. Supported by the constructivist theory, the purpose of this qualitative case study was to identify how correctional education staff members perceived the effectiveness of the GED programs. Data from surveys and interviews with 9 educational correctional staff members were collected and analyzed for themes. Findings indicated that (a) participants use computer software for effective instruction, (b) offenders who were enrolled in correctional education programs successfully reenter society after being released from incarceration, and (c) offenders' self-efficacy is related to GED instruction. Findings may be used to improve GED programs to support offenders in obtaining a GED and training to promote social justice by returning to their communities more prepared to obtain jobs and contribute to the global economy.

There has been an increase in the number of individuals with mental illness being housed in correctional facilities over the last 50 years. In this study, the length of pretrial detention was compared for inmates who have a mental illness and are compliant with psychiatric medications, inmates who have a mental illness and are noncompliant or not prescribed psychiatric medication, and inmates with no mental illness. I also examined if inmates who have a mental illness have less severe charges and if there was a difference in the classification of mental health diagnoses for inmates who are and are not compliant with psychiatric medications. The study used the closed charts of 427 male inmates from 1 county jail in New Jersey from the year 2016. The theoretical foundation of this study is Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, as it is believed that the basic physiological and safety needs should be met in order to provide mental health treatment. A combination 1-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) and chi-squared analysis was used to examine the data. It was concluded that inmates with mental illness who are medication compliant are incarcerated significantly longer pretrial than inmates with no mental illness. It was also found that there was a difference in the types of charges received between those with and without a mental illness. Lastly, the study found that there was no significant difference between each of the classifications of mental illness when comparing inmates with mental illness who are and are not compliant with psychiatric medications. The implication for positive social change is the benefits to the inmates with mental illness and the correctional facilities, as it confirms that inmates with a mental illness require more tailored and treatment specific services for a longer period of time.

Master's thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-109).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Hamburg, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 365-374).

The epistemological framework, 'constructivism', posits the notion that we can only know our own construction of others and the world and not the objective truth about others and the world. Constructivism has been used in this study to describe the psychological experiences of death row inmates. The research design focused on the experiences of three prisoners currently serving their sentences at Pretoria's Maximum Prison. The use of narrative and its concomitant interpretation was used as a method of co-research as it was viewed to be coterminous with the idea of co-construction, where the experience between this co­ researcher and the prisoners could be linked up in a systemic, temporal and thematically consistent way. Despite the content of the material being subjective and nongeneralisable, it has been attuned to bring forth distinctions that are liable to be heuristic-- this generated an enticing novelty that stimulated this co-researcher. Readers are wished a similar outcome. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:27:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1674324 bytes, checksum: caab6edd3d01b26a7c1c94b2a7225717 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work is a reflection of the outcome of field research at the Institute Criminal Judge Silvio Porto, João Pessoa - Paraíba State. From interviews and free targeted with the inmates, it was concluded that the intramural prison develops a parallel network of sociability permeated power and submission specifically differentiated from institutionalized power by the state. The practice of tattooing in prisons is within that singular context. Expressing the subjectivity of the individual, the relationship of power and submission, the construction of individual identity and social and social stigma. The practice of tattooing in prisons prepare a universe enigmatic world of crime. A prison tattoo embodies a practical use of cultural and social conflicts delineated by interior and exterior construction of individual identity and social conditions, resulting from these inter-social relations. Therefore this new identity will be built on the edge between faint sudden rupture of self-identity in the world society which he lived and the new identity which is now built upon entry into prison, where the mutilation of the self happens all moment and in all aspects of social life. It is at that threshold where the faint signs that represent crime are entered under the skin. The chosen design and location to be tattooed denounce the particular characteristics of each individual's personality, a ritual identification of the convict as such. A prison tattoo is renowned for its thick strokes and evil designs finished result of the basic techniques used in prisons. / Este trabalho é uma reflexão do resultado da pesquisa de campo realizada no Instituto Penal Desembargador Silvio Porto em João Pessoa Estado da Paraíba. A partir de entrevistas livres e direcionadas com os reclusos, foi possível constatar que nos intramuros penitenciário desenvolve-se uma rede paralela de sociabilidade permeada de poder e submissão especificamente diferenciada do poder institucionalizado pelo Estado. A prática da tatuagem carcerária se encontra dentro desse contexto singular. Expressando a subjetividade do indivíduo, a relação de poder e submissão, a construção de uma identidade individual e social e estigma social. A prática da tatuagem carcerária elabora um universo enigmático do mundo da criminalidade. A tatuagem carcerária traz em si uma prática de uso cultural e social delineada pelos conflitos interiores e exteriores na construção da identidade individual e social do indivíduo, estes resultantes das inter-relações sociais. Portanto, essa nova identidade será construída no limiar tênue entre a ruptura brusca da identidade do eu do mundo em sociedade o qual ele vivia e a nova identidade que passa a ser construída a partir da entrada no cárcere, onde, a mutilação do eu acontece a todo instante e em todos os aspectos da vida social. É nesse limiar tênue em que os signos que representam a criminalidade são inscritos á flor da pele. O desenho escolhido e o local a ser tatuado denunciam as características particulares da personalidade de cada indivíduo, um ritual de identificação do apenado enquanto tal. A tatuagem carcerária é reconhecida pelos seus traços grossos e desenhos mal acabados, resultado das técnicas rudimentares utilizadas nas prisões.

Objetivo: A prevalência e incidência da tuberculose na população prisional é muito maior que na população geral. Conhecer a prevalência de infectados, doentes e características físicas, sociais e criminais dos presos, foram objetos deste estudo. Método: Realizou-se uma busca ativa de casos de tuberculose nos 1.052 detentos de 9 Distritos Policiais da Zona Oeste da Cidade de São Paulo, entre 2000-2001. Após a aplicação de um inquérito e da prova tuberculínica, foram realizados os exames de baciloscopia, cultura, identificação e teste de sensibilidade às drogas antituberculose. Resultados: Do total de 1.052 detentos 99,7 por cento eram homens; 71,3 por cento tinham entre 18 e 29 anos; 82,4 por cento eram solteiros ou amasiados; 51,4 por cento eram pretos ou pardos; 64,5 por cento não completaram o 1º grau; 40 por cento praticaram o roubo como principal delito; 3,7 por cento tiveram tuberculose no passado e 32,8 por cento eram sintomáticos respiratórios. Dos 932 que fizeram a prova tuberculínica, 64,5 por cento estavam infectados. Dos 1.017 escarros analisados, 8 (0,8 por cento) foram positivos na baciloscopia e 54 (5,3 por cento) na cultura. Das 54 cepas isoladas, 38,9 por cento eram M. tuberculosis e 61,1 por cento eram micobactérias não tuberculosas. Das 21 cepas de M. tuberculosis, 85,7 por cento eram sensíveis, 9,5 por cento eram resistentes à isoniazida e rifampicina e 4,8 por cento à isoniazida, rifampicina e pirazinamida. Conclusões: Pela baciloscopia, o coeficiente de prevalência de tuberculose (por 100.000 detentos) foi de 787, e pela cultura de 5.310, cerca de 30 e 203 vezes mais que o da população da cidade de São Paulo, respectivamente. O fato de haver 3 detentos com cepas multirresistentes às drogas antituberculose é uma ameaça à saúde pública / Purpose: The prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis in inmates population is much larger than in the general population. The purpose of this study was acquiring good knowledge of the prevalence of infected person and tuberculosis patients, as well as the physical, social and criminal characteristics of inmates. Method: An active search of tuberculosis cases was conducted among the 1,052 inmates of 9 County Jails of the West Section of the São Paulo City between 2000-2001. After application of an inquiry and the tuberculin skin test, laboratory investigations were also conducted such as sputum bacilloscopy, culture, identification and the test of sensitivity to anti-TB drugs. Results: Out of the total number of 1,052 inmates, 99.7 per cent were males; 71.3 per cent were in the group of ages 18 and 29 years old; 82.4 per cent were single or had sexual mates; 51.4 per cent were negroes or mulattos; 64.5 per cent had low education level; 40 per cent had been engaged in thefts/robberies; 3.7 per cent had tuberculosis episodes in the past and 32.8 per cent displayed respiratory symptoms. Out of the 932 which underwent the tuberculin skin test, 64.5 per cent were infected. Out of the 1,017 sputum samples analyzed, 8 (0.8 per cent) had positive bacilloscopy and 54 (5.3 per cent) positive culture. Of the 54 strains isolated, 38.9 per cent were M. tuberculosis and 61.1 per cent were non-tuberculosis mycobacteria. Of the 21 M. tuberculosis strains 85.7 per cent were sensitive, 9.5 per cent were resistant to isoniazide and rifampicin and 4.8 per cent to isoniazide, rifampicin and pyrazinamide. Conclusions: Based on the bacilloscopy, the tuberculosis prevalence rate (per 100,000 inmates) was 787 and based on the culture was 5,310 inmates, around 30 and 203 times higher than that of the São Paulo city population, respectively. The fact that 3 inmates had strains multi-resistant to anti-TB drugs can be deemed a threat to the public health