Šis darbas nagrinėja dvikalbystės vystymosi psichologinius bei pedagoginius aspektus. Tyrimo tikslas - ištirti ir palyginti vienkalbių ir dvikalbių ankstyvosios paauglystės amžiaus (13-14 metų) moksleivių atskirų pažinimo sugebėjim�� išlavėjimo lygį. Tyrimo uždaviniai: naudojant statistinius metodus ištirti ir palyginti vienkalbių ir dvikalbių ankstyvosios paauglystės (13-14 amžiaus) intelekto koeficentą, verbalinius, matematinius, erdvinės vaizduotės bei atminties gebėjimus naudojant R. Amthauerio IST-70 metodika. Tyrime dalyvavo Trakų Vytauto Didžiojo gimnazijos ir Lentvario M. Šimelionio vidurinės mokyklos septintųjų klasių moksleiviai. Gauti rezultatai patvirtino hipotezę, kad vienkalbių ir dvikalbių paauglių atskiri intelekto sugebėjimai skiriasi. Pagrindinės tyrimo išvados yra tokios: vienkalbiai paaugliai pasižymi aukštesniais intelekto įverčiais, vienakalbiams paaugliams būdingi aukštesni verbalinių subtestų įverčių vidurkiai, negu dvikalbiams paaugliams, kalbinės abstrakcijos sugebėjimai nesiskiria. Rezultatai atskleidė, kad vienakalbėms mergaitėms būdingi aukštesni intelekto, verbalinių subtestų įverčių vidurkiai, o matematinių, erdvinės vaizduotės ir sugebėjimo įsiminti įverčių vidurkiai nesiskiria. Vaikinų tarpe vienakalbių ir dvikalbių paauglių intelekto įverčių vidurkiai nesiskiria nei pagal bendrąjį rodiklį, nei pagal atskirus subtestus. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad Trakų gimnazijos vienkalbiai paaugliai pasižymi aukštesniais intelekto, verbalinių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This paper analyses the psychological and pedagogical aspects of the bilingualism. The purpose of this paper is to study and compare the level of development of cognitive abilities of monolingual and bilingual teenagers aged 13 to 14. The main goals are: applying statistical methods, study and compare the intellectual quotient of monolingual and bilingual teenagers aged 13 to 14; the verbal, mathematical abilities and dimensional imagination using R.Amthauer’s IST-70 method. The students of the 7th grades of both Trakai Vytauto Didžiojo gymnasium and Lentvaris M. Šimelionis Secondary school participated in the study. The hypothesis that abilities of monolingual and bilingual teenagers differ was proven by the results. The main conclusions of the research are: monolingual teenagers have both higher IQs and average scores in verbal subtests than bilingual teenagers, but the capabilities of lingual abstraction do not differ. The research revealed that monolingual girls have higher IQs and average scores in verbal subtests, but there is no difference in mathematical and memorizing abilities, along with dimensional imagination. In boys, IQ averages of monolingual and bilingual teenagers do not differ neither by general index nor by separate subtests. The results also show that monolingual teenagers in Trakai Vytauto Didžiojo gymnasium have higher subtest scores in IQ, verbal abilities, belief formations, comprehensions of the lingual meanings and combinatory abilities. The... [to full text]

Šio tyrimo metu buvo atskleisti VPU psichologijos studentų intelekto struktūros profilio ypatumai. Intelektas yra svarbus veiksnys, pasirenkant tolimesnę mokymosi kryptį. Jis kaip kompasas nurodo, kurioje aplinkoje asmenybė galės prisitaikyti ir atsiskleisti. Su intelektu yra susiję specialieji gabumai, nuo jo priklauso sprendimo priėmimo lankstumas, tikslus rinkimosi situacijos įvertinimas ir ateities numatymas. / The aim of this study was to reveal the intellectual capabilities of VPU psychology I, II, III, IV course students. The Amthauer’s IST-70 method was used to research the intellect of students.

Tyrimo tikslas - nustatyti jaunesniojo mokyklinio amžiaus vaikų konstrukcinio intelekto ir mokyklinio nerimastingumo sąsajas. Šiuo darbu siekiama nustatyti, ar berniukai ir mergaitės patiria vienodą nerimo lygį mokykla, ar yra savęs vertinimo skirtumų tarp berniukų ir mergaičių, kaip intelekto koeficientas pasiskirsto tarp berniukų ir mergaičių. Taip pat siekiama išsiaiškinti, ar aukšti intelektiniai gebėjimai įtakoja vaikų mokyklinį nerimastingumą, somatinius nerimastingumo požymius, aukštą / žemą savęs vertinimą. Nerimastingumo sąvoka šiame darbe apima mokyklinį kontekstą. Tyrimas buvo atliktas, naudojantis J. C. Raveno Spalvotomis progresuojančiomis matricomis – vaikų konstrukciniam intelektui nustatyti, ir S. Saransono sukurta, S. Feldo ir J. Levio modifikuota „Vaikų mokyklinio nerimastingumo skale“ – mokykliniam nerimastingumui nustatyti. Tyrimas atliktas dvejose Kauno miesto mokyklose. Apklausta 150 mokinių. 9 anketas teko anuliuoti, kadangi mokiniai anketas atliko neatidžiai ir žymėjo bet kokius atsakymus, nepriklausomai nuo to, ar jam atsakymas tinka, ar ne. Duomenų analizei buvo panaudoti 141 tiriamojo duomenys. Aukštesnio už vidutinį konstrukcinio intelekto kategorijai priskirti vaikai, kurių IQ lygus ar didesnis už 112. Tyrimas atskleidė, kad patiriamas nerimas dėl kontrolinių darbų nepriklauso nuo konstrukcinio intelekto lygio, mokinių, kurie patiria rūpestį mokykla, intelektiniai gebėjimai gali būti aukšti, žemi ar vidutiniai. Aukštą ar labai aukštą nerimą dėl... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Objective of research is to define the correlation of structural intelect and school anxiety of junior pupils. This work is aimed to define whether boys and girls undercome the equal level of anxiety that is related to school and the presence of differences in self-esteem between boys and girls, as well as the intelligence quotient proportion between boys and girls. It is aimed to clarify whether high intellectual faculties influence shool anxiety of children, the features of systemic worries, high/low self-esteem. In this paper the definition of anxiety covers school context. The research was made by applying Raven's coloured progressive matrices to define the structural intelect of children and using "School Anxiety Scale for Children" that was developed by Saranson and modified by Feld and Lewis in order to define the school anxiety. The research was performed at two schools of Kaunas. 150 pupils were interrogated. 9 questionnaires had to be cancelled as pupils were not attentive while filling in the questionnaires and marked irrelevant answers, despite the fact of its personal actuality. The data of 141 investigated persons was used for the data analysis. The children that were attributed to the above the average structural intellect category were the ones with IQ equal or over 112. The study has revealed that anxiety related to tests does not depend on the level of structural intellect of the pupils that experience school related anxiety and their intellectual faculties... [to full text]

O escopo dessa dissertação é explicitar, na medida do possível, as críticas formuladas por Espinosa em relação a Descartes, notadamente em sua doutrina do livre-arbítrio. Compreendendo a noção de livre-arbítrio cartesiano, tentaremos precisar a ruptura existente entre os dois filósofos. Analisaremos na Ética e no Tratado da emenda do intelecto a concepção da natureza da ideia e a sua distinção entre ideias adequadas e inadequadas, o que nos levará à sua crítica da faculdade da vontade livre. Essa análise se deterá especialmente na identificação que Espinosa realiza entre ideia e volição, sendo a ideia concebida como um ato de afirmação ou negação, de modo que a volição é constitutiva da ideia. É em virtude dessa identidade que Espinosa afirmará que o verdadeiro e o falso não se referem a um juízo exterior às ideias, mas a um juízo que opera internamente, nas próprias ideias. Com essa análise, tentaremos evidenciar que a identidade entre ideia e volição não elimina o caráter voluntário da ação cognitiva do homem na filosofia espinosana. A crítica de Espinosa em relação ao conceito de vontade, entendida como uma faculdade abstrata, isto é um universal abstrato, visa a romper com a ideia de que a vontade é absolutamente livre. A vontade deixa de ser a faculdade que afirma a liberdade entre contrários e torna-se a afirmação da livre necessidade. É essa concepção de uma faculdade universal e abstrata que acarretará ilusão do livre-arbítrio. / Le but de cette dissertation est dexpliciter, autant que possible, les critiques formulées par Spinoza par rapport à Descartes, en particulier sa doctrine du libre arbitre. En comprenant la notion cartésienne de volonté libre, nous essayons de préciser la rupture existante entre les deux philosophes. Nous analyserons dans lÉtique et dans le Traité de la Reforme de lEntendiment la conception de la nature de lidée et sa distinction entre des idées adéquates et inadéquates, qui nos conduira à sa critique de la faculté de la volonté libre. Cette analyse se detient en particulier sur lidentification que Spinoza fait entre lidée et volition, étant lidée conçue comme un acte daffirmation ou de négation, de sorte que la volition est constitutive de lidée. Cest en vertu de cette identité que Spinoza affirmera que le vrai et le faux ne se réfèrent pas à un jugement extérieure aux idées, mais à un jugement qui opère internement, dans les idées elles-mêmes. Avec cette analyse, nous essaieront de montrer que lidentité entre lidée et volition nélimine pas le caractère volontaire de laction cognitive de lhomme dans la philosophie spinoziste. La critique de Spinoza à la notion de volonté, comprise comme une faculté abstraite, cest à dire, un universel abstrait, vise à rompre avec lidée que la volonté est absolument libre. La volonté cessera dêtre la faculté qui affirme à partir de lindétermination entre contraires et deviendra laffirmation de la libre necessité. Par contre, cest la conception dune faculté universelle et abstraite qui donnera lieu à lilusion du libre arbitre.

Limited research exists on the comparison of pulsed shortwave diathermy (PSWD) and instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM). In addition, minimal research exists on the AcuForce® 7.0 and none of it examines the effects of the AcuForce® 7.0 on range of motion (ROM). This study focused on the comparison of PSWD and IASTM on hamstring flexibility and perceived patient comfort. Twenty male students, faculty, and staff (age 24.5 ± 5.7 years) participated. Active knee extension ROM with the hip flexed at 90º was measured before and after the intervention. Perceived patient comfort was measured after the intervention. The results showed significant increases in ROM in all subjects (p = 0.013). However, there were no significant differences between groups (p = 0.079). Also, there were no significant differences in perceived patient comfort. The results of this study support hamstring flexibility can be increased with the use of either PSWD or the AcuForce® 7.0.

Augantis susidomėjimas menų terapija, neįgaliųjų meniniu ugdymu, meninės raiškos teikiamos naudos suvokimu, atsiranda menų terapijos kaip socialinės paslaugos teikimo poreikis specialiosiose įstaigose, tačiau kol kas galimybės taikyti menų terapiją yra ribotos. Lietuvoje, menų terapijos (dailės, muzikos, dramos) specialistai dar nėra rengiami, išsilavinimas tampa pagrindine kliūtimi. / Growing interest in art therapy, arts education for the disabled, artistic expression of the perception of benefits, there is a growing need for art therapy as a social service for special facilities, although the possibilities for applying art therapy are limited. In Lithuania art therapy specialists who would focus on such treatment methods as arts, music and drama, are not enough qualified, thus making education a major barrier.

Summary After its Independence, Lithuania has witnessed to a considerable number of positive changes in the sphere of integration of the disabled. Still, the current situation of the disabled in Lithuania could be called paradoxical. It has reached a critical point and demands radical solutions. On the one hand, the attention and tolerance of the society towards the disabled have been augmenting; on the other hand, the care for the disabled is becoming declaratory. The main and the greatest obstacle for the integration of the disabled into society is a negative attitude towards them; while, on the contrary, a positive attitude is one of the crucial conditions for succesful integration. Although nowadays media has been showing a greater interest in the life of the disabled, the great part of society regards people with a handicap as those who have to live and work seperately. An attitude of traditional segregation of the disabled is disappearing very slowly. People with mental disability are still welcomed with an especially unfavourable attitude. Thus the object of the survey of the diploma – is an attitude towards people with mental disability; and the aim of this work – is to reveal an expression of an affirmative/optimistic attitude towards people with a mental handicap in daily social interaction. Survey tasks 1. To examine and evaluate the attitude of the workers of the day-care center towards people with mental disability; 2. To reveal how the workers manage to... [to full text]

The paper thematizes the concept of science in mid- and late thinking of Friedrich Nietzsche in the context of his understanding of scientific cognition of both: human and its world. The study introduces the problem of science and cognition in general in connection with significant motives of Nietzsche's thinking: morality, the revaluation of all values, thinking and living "beyond good and evil", freedom, human body, the superhuman motive, ascetic ideals, and more. Emphasis is put on the problem of veracity in the context of Nietzsche's attitude to idealism. Keywords Human; Superhuman; Nietzsche; Moral Philosophy; Cognition; Truth; Error; Intelect; Body; The Will to Power; Drive and Instinct; Evolution; Idealism; Nihilism; Amor fati; Beyond Good and Evil; Freedom; Ascetic ideals