Der Umgang mit internetbasierten Technologien und der Zugang zu Informationen aus dem World Wide Web sind heute für den Großteil der Bevölkerung in Europa selbstverständlich. Besondere Nutzergruppen, wie z.B. blinde, sehbehinderte oder gehörlose Menschen, werden bei der Konzeption und Realisierung eines Internetportals selten berücksichtigt oder einbezogen, so dass diese einen erschwerten Zugang und Barrieren im Umgang mit den Informationen erleben. Das entwickelte Portal für die „Landesarbeitsgemeinschaft Hilfe für Behinderte Sachsen e.V.“ (LAGH) soll die Gestaltung eines aktiven und selbstbestimmten Lebens von Menschen mit Behinderungen unterstützen, zur Ausprägung der Solidarität und bürgerschaftlichen Engagements sowie zur Wissenserweiterung und Weiterbildung beitragen [LAGH 05]. Diese Ziele können nur durch eine weitgehend barrierefreie Gestaltung, den Einsatz neuer Softwarelösungen und mit inhaltlich, didaktisch und gestalterisch an den Nutzerkreis optimal angepassten Angeboten erreicht werden. Um ein umfassendes, modernes und für alle gleichermaßen nutzbares Internetportal zu entwickeln, liegen besondere Herausforderungen in der Gestaltung, technischen Realisierung und Evaluation, welche im vorliegenden Beitrag aufgezeigt werden.

The topic of diploma thesis is the impact of cross-border cooperation on the development of the region. This thesis is included theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part are specified terms as region, regional development, regional politics and cross-border cooperation. The practical part focuses on description of socioeconomic factors of the Moravian-Silesian Region and Silesian Region. This thesis contains also questionnaires. Furthermore are analysed socioeconomics impacts of these regions, which are provoked especially by cross-border cooperation and tourism. The last part of the thesis is verification of efficiency of cross-border cooperation on the investment purpose.

Tématem diplomové práce je ukázka česko-polské přeshraniční spolupráce na příkladu Euroregionu Glacensis. Ten již celou jednu dekádu úspěšné působí v mnoha oblastech přispívajících k rozvoji svého území. Jeho členové jsou úspěšnými uživateli nemalého množství grantových schémat vypisovaných institucemi na krajské, státní i evropské úrovni. Jako ukázka dotačního titulu je uvedena Iniciativa Společenství INTERREG III A a její opatření 2.2 ? Podpora iniciativ místních komunit (Fond mikroprojektů), kterou hojně aplikují členské obce Euroregionu Glacensis ve svých projektech. Je totiž primárně určena na neinvestiční projekty charakteru ?People-to-people? a tudíž ji lze chápat jako nejdůležitější finanční podporu využívanou k navazování a utužování kontaktů na obou stranách hranice.

The thesis is dealing with development and evaluation of the Cross-Border Cooperation within the EU, as a part of the EU Cohesion policy, with Focus on the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the cross-border cooperation programmes in the Czech Republic from the applicants' and selected implementation structure subjects' point of view. These selected subjects are the Ministry for Regional Development of the CR, the Centre for Regional Development of the CR and administrative regions of the CR. The first part of the thesis refers to the history and development of the Cross-Border Cooperation within the EU and the CR and to the reasons which led to its establishment. The last part is focused on the description and the evaluation of applicants' and selected implementation structure subjects' experiences with cross-border cooperation programmes and their perception of the Cross-Border Cooperation in the CR. As a method for the evaluation of the cross-border cooperation programmes in the CR were used the following procedures: an analysis of the available publications and internet sources, interview with representatives of the Ministry for Regional Development of the CR and the Centre for Regional Development of the CR, and an inquiry via questionnaire among the administrative regions of the CR.

This dissertation analyses governance in the process of the formation of new regional alliances and spaces in Europe, by studying the case of the Central European Region - Centrope, which is both a region and a political project at the border area of Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. This research aims at illuminating the historically founded relationship between emerging territories and new socioeconomic institutionalisations through unveiling the mode of governance in Centrope. It uncovers the progress and dilemmas of the institutionalization of a new region and regional alliances. The focus is on socio-spatial transformations, bringing in conceptual clarifications to unravel, among other issues, the ways in which actor's alliances are formed and mobilized to defend and promote particular interests grounded within already established, emerging, or potential state spaces. It thus sheds light on the mode of governance and regional development being fostered by the EU in new trans-border regions, as well as on the challenges involved in implementing new spaces in the EU under the absolute rule of a specific notion of competitiveness. This enabled sketching some alternative policy recommendations. (author's abstract)

This dissertation is focused on the utilization of resources from the EU structural funds and from the EAFRD fund on the example of the Jemnice microregion. The presented elaboration deals about the points at issues like obtainment and utilization of financial resources from the structural funds and from the EAFRD fund in the JM. Regarding the mentioned examples of realized or planned projects, the importance of financial subventions from the structural EU funds and the EAFRD fund is apparently contributing to the successful development of the Jemnice microregion. In spite of the fact that, in comparison with the whole Czech Republic, during the programming period 2007 {--} 2013 the lower allotment from the EU structural funds managed to be drawn from per capita, a great deal of projects could not be realized without the financial EU support in the Jemnice microregion at all.

Cross-border cooperation is growing mostly thanks to incentives in the form of funding under the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) and its Interreg programme also called European Territorial Cooperation (ETC). This funding and support under EU cohesion policy, aims at reducing the economic, social and territorial disparities between the EU regions rather than between EU countries. The deepening of European integration on the ground may however be facing obstacles inherent to each country’s specificities Examples include form of government, socioeconomic conditions, political and legal framework. This paper is about cooperation in education in one of the established European cross-border regions called Greater Region (GR), which is an area stretching from Luxembourg, France (Grand Est Region), Belgium (Wallonia region, French community  and German-speaking community of Belgium) and Germany (Rhine-Palatinate and Saarland). The interregional cooperation in education in the GR is framed under Interreg VA and takes shape through cross-border projects and educational networks. These projects are jointly defined by partners from across the Greater region, to achieve the European educational objectives Horizon 2020. This paper will study a cross-border project and its networks in education and within the GR. The research will be conceptualised in multilevel governance (MLG). MLG supposes different levels of interaction, cooperation and networking between different levels of supranational, national and subnational authorities as well as public and private entities in decision-making process. A case study of the cross-border project Sesam’GR, monitored by Interreg VA GR, was chosen. The case study uses interviews as a research method to uncover the inherent obstacles and proposed solutions in such a European border region setting. The study is important in the general scheme of the EU overall integration project and for any existing and future educational projects and networks in particular. The GR lies at the geographic heart of the EU which includes four of its founding member countries. Sesam’GR project is by far the largest educational project in terms of finance and scale within Interreg. By the time the project has reached its end, there are positive indications that will set in motions other projects and will trigger an expansion and multiplication of networks despite the intrinsic challenges grounded in multi-level governance.

This diploma thesis deals with cross-border cooperation, namely the Community Initiative INTERREG IIIA and its implementation on the Czech-Slovak border. In the theoretical part this issue is described in general. It also describes the historical development, characterizes both areas, documents issued in the field of cross-border cooperation, the institutions involved in its implementation and the process of selecting projects for the INTERREG IIIA on this border. The practical part is focused on the projects submitted under this Initiative and contains their analysis.

In this thesis I study the relationship between Malmö Stad, a municipal government agency and external actors in a municipal based EU-project. The project in question is Food Loop System, a pilot project to the larger Cleantech TIPP project by Gate21, partially funded by the EU program Interreg ÖKS. The goal of this study is to establish whether the relationship between public and private or external actors in EU-projects can be considered democratic. Furthermore, the study seeks to bring in a new perspective on how projects can be considered democratic as previous studies have often focused on the relation between politics and public officials rather than external actors' influence on projects. In the thesis I do this by using Robert Dahl's ideal types for democracy and the use of a multilevel governance theory. Robert Dahl's theory is used to study the relationship between actors and the multilevel governance theory is used to establish if the project can be regarded as a type of multilevel governance and what effect that has on the democratic ideals. The study concludes that the relation between Malmö stad and external actors in the project Food Loop System can be considered democratic along with the project as a whole. Furthermore, the negative connotations of multilevel governance are not prevalent enough in the project as it fails to live up to most of the criteria required to be considered a type of multilevel governance, which means most criticism against multilevel governance can't be directed towards the project.

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