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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Plantas indicadoras de res?duos atmosf?ricos do clomazone

Silva, M?rcio Marques da 28 April 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-01-04T17:34:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marcio_marques_silva.pdf: 2786122 bytes, checksum: 4da1fad39fb206cdf4baf5459f0e0cb3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-01-06T11:52:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marcio_marques_silva.pdf: 2786122 bytes, checksum: 4da1fad39fb206cdf4baf5459f0e0cb3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-06T11:52:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marcio_marques_silva.pdf: 2786122 bytes, checksum: 4da1fad39fb206cdf4baf5459f0e0cb3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento do Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O clomazone ? um herbicida inibidor da s?ntese de carotenoides. Esse herbicida ? facilmente solubilizado e volatilizado e por consequ?ncia, pode causar danos ao ambiente. Em vista do problema, objetivou-se com esta pesquisa: avaliar a sensibilidade de esp?cies forrageiras e daninhas a res?duos atmosf?ricos do clomazone e determinar a campo o efeito do res?duo atmosf?rico do clomazone sobre a fisiologia de plantas forrageiras e daninhas. Foram realizados dois experimentos. O primeiro foi conduzido em c?maras experimentais de 500 dm? em ambiente monitorado, delineado inteiramente casualizado com 5 repeti??es. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 6x5, sendo, seis esp?cies vegetais: triticale, milho, sorgo, braquiar?o, beldroega e campim braquiaria e o segundo cinco doses de clomazone 0, 90, 180, 270 e 360 g ha-1 (equivalentes ?s concentra??es atmosf?ricas de 0,0; 0,05; 0,10; 0,15 e 0,20 mg L-1, considerado o volume). As esp?cies ficaram expostas ao herbicida no interior das c?maras por per?odo de 96 horas em atmosfera controlada. Ap?s esse intervalo, as c?maras foram abertas, procedendo-se ? primeira avalia??o, repetida aos 7 e 14 dias ap?s a abertura. Avaliou-se a intoxica??o e o teor de clorofila. Com exce??o do milho, todas as esp?cies testadas mostraram-se sens?veis ?s concentra??es residuais de clomazone na atmosfera, podendo ser utilizadas no monitoramento da qualidade do ar. O segundo experimento foi conduzido a campo. Delineado em blocos causalizados com quatro repeti??es, em esquema fatorial 6x4, sendo seis esp?cies vegetais [quatro plantas forrageiras: lab lab, sorgo, braqui?r?o e java, e duas plantas daninhas: beldroega e sida] e quatro solu??es de aplica??o do clomazone (0, 360, 720 e 1.080 g ha-1, equivalentes a 0; 0,05; 0,10 e 0,20 mg L-1, considerado o volume). As plantas forrageiras e daninhas ficaram expostas ao clomazone, em tuneis cobertos por filme de polietileno de baixa densidade (150 ?m) de volume de 12m?, por per?odo de 72 horas. Ap?s esse tempo, os t?neis foram abertos, procedendo-se ?s seguintes avalia??es: intoxica??o das plantas, fluoresc?ncia inicial, fluoresc?ncia m?xima, a raz?o entre a fluoresc?ncia vari?vel e fluoresc?ncia m?xima, quenching fotoqu?mico e quenching n?o-fotoqu?mico, taxa de transporte de el?trons e do teor de clorofila. Mesmo em concentra??es que n?o promovem efeito visual, o clomazone ? capaz de causar danos significativos na atividade fotossint?tica das esp?cies. As vari?veis fisiol?gicas, clorofila total, rendimento qu?ntico m?ximo do PSII e fluoresc?ncia inicial da clorofila podem ser utilizadas de forma eficiente no monitoramento de res?duos do clomazone na atmosfera. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / The herbicide Clomazone is an inhibitor of carotenoids synthesis. This herbicide is easily solubilized and volatilized, and by consequence, can cause damage to environment. Due to this problem, the objective of this study was evalue the sensibility of forage and weeds species to atmospheric wastes of Clomazone and to determinate in field the effect of atmosferic waste of Clomazone in phisiology of forage and weeds plants. Two experiments were performed. The first was conducted in 500dm? experimental chambers in a monitored environment, completely randomized design design with five repetitions. The treatments was arranged in 6x5factorial scheme, being six vegetable species: triticale, corn, sorghum, braquiar?o, beldroega e capim braquiara and the second five doses of Clomazone 0, 90, 180, 270 e 360 g ha-1 (equivalent to atmospheric concentrations of 0,0; 0,05; 0,10; 0,15 e 0,20 mg L-1, volume considered). The species were exposed to the herbicide inside the chambers for 96 hours in controled atmosphere. After this interval, the chambers were open, proceeding the first evaluation, repeated at 7 and 14 days after the opening. Was rated the intoxication and the chlorophyll contente. Excepting the corn, all tested species proved to be sensitive to Clomazone residual concentration in atmosphere, and can be used in ais quality monitoring. The second experiment was conducted in field. An experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four repetitions, in 6x4 factorial scheme, being six vegetable species [ four forage plants :lab lab, sorghum, braquiar?o and java, and two weed plants: beldroega and sida] and four Clomazone application solutions (0, 360, 720 e 1.080 g ha-1, equivalentes a 0; 0,05; 0,10 e 0,20 mg L-1, volume considered). The forage and weeds plants were exposed to Clomazone, in tunnels covered by polyethylene film of low density (150 ?m), volume of 12m?, for 72 hours. After this time, the tunnels were open, proceeding this following evaluations: plants intoxication, initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, ratio of the variable fluorescence and maximum fluorescence, photochemical quenching and non-photochemical quenching, el?ctron transport rate and chlorophyll contente. Even in concentrations that don?t promote visual effect, the Clomazone is able to cause significative damage in photosynthetic activity of species. The phisiologic variables, total chlorophyll, PSII maximum quantum yield and chlorophill initial fluorescence can be used efficiently in monitoring of Clomazone wastes in atmosphere.
2

Morte s?bita em bovinos causada pela ingest?o de Pseudocalymma elegans (Bignoniaceae) no munic?pio de Rio Bonito, RJ / Sudden death in cattle caused by ingestion of Pseudocalymma elegans (Bignoniaceae) in the county of Rio Bonito, RJ.

Helayel, Michel Jos? Sales Abdalla 17 September 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Michel Jose Sales Abdalla Helayel.pdf: 2764990 bytes, checksum: 2ef0f5307007bc87483b82ee19e1b257 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-17 / Natural poisoning by Pseudocalymma elegans is described in a cow in the county of Rio Bonito, RJ. Also decribed is the experimental reproduction of this poisoning in three calves (1.0, 0.5 and 0.25 g/kg of the fresh plant) and in five rabbits (0.5 0.25 0.125 0.0625 and 0.0312 g/kg of the dried and ground plant) with the plant collected in the area where the deaths had occurred. Post-mortem and histopathological examinations of the natural case in the cow did not reveal significant alterations. Oral administration of 1g/kg of the sprouts of P. elegans caused death of the calf 5hours and 30 minutes after beginning of the administration of the plant. The dose of 0.5 g/kg caused death of the animal after 76 hours and 36 minutes. The 0.25g/kg dose caused only clinical signs which consisted of heart palpitation and arrhythmia, increase of breathing frequency, reluctance in moving, positive vein pulse, ingurgitated jugular veins, mooing, falling down, peddling movements followed by death. At post-mortem examination the lesions were those of acute heart insufficiency, and histopatologic examination revealed the typical kidney lesion (hydropic degeneration in the distal convoluted tubules) seen in the poisoning by plants that cause "sudden death". In the experimentally poisoned rabbits the clinical course was from less than one to two minutes. The histopatological examination of the kidney of two rabbits also revealed that characteristic microscopic kidney lesion. This is the first description of a natural case of P. elegans poisoning in cattle with post-mortem and histopatological description. The occurrence of the plant in the county of Rio Bonito had not been known by the veterinarians. It is conluded that the plant has a higher toxicity as described before. / Descreve-se a intoxica??o natural por Pseudocalymma elegans em pelo menos um bovino em Rio Bonito, RJ e a reprodu??o experimental dessa intoxica??o em tr?s bovinos (1, 0,5 e 0,25 g/kg da planta fresca) e em 5 coelhos (0,5 - 0,25 - 0,125- 0,0625 e 0,0312 g/kg da planta dessecada e mo?da) com exemplares dessa planta colhida no local onde ocorreu o ?bito. A necropsia e a histopatologia do bovino intoxicado naturalmente, n?o revelaram altera??es significativas. A administra??o, por via oral, de 1g/kg da brota??o da planta causou o ?bito do bovino dentro de 5h e 30 minutos ap?s o in?cio da administra??o da planta, j? pela administra??o de 0,5 g/kg, o ?bito do animal ocorreu ap?s 76 horas e 36 minutos. A dose de 0,25g/kg foi capaz de causar sintomas, mas n?o levou ao ?bito. Os sintomas apresentados foram arritmia card?aca, taquicardia, aumento da freq??ncia respirat?ria, relut?ncia em se mover, pulso venoso positivo, jugulares e grandes vasos ingurgitados, mugidos, queda ao solo, movimentos de pedalagem seguido de ?bito. ? necropsia foram verificadas altera??es compat?veis com ?s observadas na insufici?ncia card?aca aguda, e o exame histopatol?gico revelou a les?o renal t?pica (degenera??o hidr?pica em t?bulos contornados distais) de intoxica??o por plantas que causam morte s?bita . Nos coelhos intoxicados experimentalmente a evolu??o variou entre menos de um minuto a dois minutos. O exame histopatol?gico do rim de dois coelhos tamb?m revelou a les?o microsc?pica caracter?stica. Trata-se do primeiro registro, com necropsia e histopatologia, de intoxica??o natural por P. elegans em bovinos. Essa planta ainda n?o havia sido mapeada nessa ?rea do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Conclui-se que a planta pode ser mais t?xica do que anteriormente descrito.
3

A??o da piperina sobre a intoxica??o experimental de ratos por aflatoxinas. / Effect of piperine on experimental intoxication by aflatoxinas in rats.

Braga, Thalita Gagini 05 March 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:17:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Thalita Gagini Braga.pdf: 8852629 bytes, checksum: e6a948ca864bea46a3f48309716903c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-05 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:17:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Thalita Gagini Braga.pdf: 8852629 bytes, checksum: e6a948ca864bea46a3f48309716903c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-05 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Piperine (1- piperoyl piperidine) main black pepper (Pipper nigrum Linn.) and long pepper (Piper longum Linn.) alkaloid presents several pharmacological and biochemical effects as enzymes inhibition from hepatic metabolism interfering on xenobiotics and pro-carcinogenic substances biotransformation activated by P-450 cytochromo cycle. According to the scientific bibliography reports, piperine has been able in vitro for decreasing cytotoxicity as well as aflatoxin B1 genotoxicity on mice cells through the competition by P-450 cytochromo. Due to the importance of grains contamination by aflatoxinas, this survey had as proposal to verify piperine ability for decreasing in vivo some damages caused by these toxins. On first, at different piperine doses (1,12; 2,25 and 4,50 mg/Kg) Lou-M strain rats groups were inoculated by oral administrated to evaluated this amide toxicity on animal pattern. Parameters as: weight grain, anatomopathological and histopathological analyses beyond changes on hematological values have been researched. Piperine doses (1,12 mg/Kg) has showed to be appropriate as well as safe on biological assays and it has been used on rats experimental intoxication assays by aflatoxins. Three rats groups were inoculated with piperine (1,12 mg/Kg), aflatoxins (72 μg/ 100 g) as well as piperine + aflatoxins according to the same parameters above described. Piperine has been able for interfering in vivo on aflatoxins toxicity, conspicuously decreasing histopathological injuries on intoxicated animals and significantly returning immunosupression mediated by aflatoxins. / A piperina (1-piperoil piperidina), principal amida constituinte da pimenta preta (Piper nigrum Linn.) e da pimenta longa (P. longum Linn.), apresenta diversos efeitos farmacol?gicos e bioqu?micos, como a inibi??o de enzimas do metabolismo hep?tico, interferindo na biotransforma??o de xenobi?ticos e subst?ncias pr?-carcin?genas ativadas pela via do citocromo P450. A literatura descreve a piperina como sendo capaz, in vitro, de diminuir a citotoxidez e a genotoxidez da aflatoxina B1 em c?lulas de ratos, atrav?s da competi??o pelo citocromo P450. Devido ? import?ncia da contamina??o de gr?os por aflatoxinas, este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a capacidade da piperina em diminuir, in vivo, os danos causados por essas toxinas. Inicialmente, grupos de ratos da linhagem LOUM foram inoculados, via oral, com diferentes doses de piperina (1,12; 2,25 e 4,50 mg/kg de peso corporal), visando avaliar a toxidez dessa amida no modelo animal empregado. Par?metros como: ganho de peso, an?lises anatomopatol?gica e histopatol?gica, al?m das altera??es nos valores hematol?gicos foram investigados. A dose de 1,12 mg/kg de peso corporal de piperina demonstrou ser segura nos ensaios biol?gicos e foi empregada nos ensaios de intoxica??o experimental de ratos com aflatoxinas. Tr?s grupos de ratos foram inoculados com piperina (1,12 mg/kg de peso corporal), aflatoxinas (72 μg/100g de peso corporal) e, piperina + aflatoxinas, sendo avaliados os mesmos par?metros acima descritos. A piperina foi capaz de interferir na toxidez das aflatoxinas, in vivo, diminuindo de forma acentuada as les?es histopatol?gicas evidenciadas nos animais intoxicados e, revertendo de forma significativa a imunossupress?o mediada pelas aflatoxinas.
4

Compara??o da toxicidade de Vicia villosa e Vicia sativa na alimenta??o de bovinos / Comparison of the toxicity of Vicia villosa and Vicia sativa in feed for cattle

VERONEZI, Luciane Orbem 27 July 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-01-24T19:09:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Luciane Orbem Veronezi.pdf: 3213369 bytes, checksum: 660b54c56b80e667f1e30d110c395df3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T19:09:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Luciane Orbem Veronezi.pdf: 3213369 bytes, checksum: 660b54c56b80e667f1e30d110c395df3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-27 / CAPES / In this study the epidemiology, clinical signs, macroscopic and microscopic lesions related to spontaneous and experimental intoxication by Vicia villosa and the evaluation of the possible toxicity of Vicia villosa in cattle were characterized. The systematic granulomatous disease (SGD associated with vetch) was verified in 7 localities distributed in Paran?, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul States, with main feed that includes oats and/or ryegrass in association and V. villosa and/or ryegrass associated with Vicia sativa, and in lower quantity. All cattle that developed the disease were cows, lactating and Dutch. The SGD associated with vetch was reproduced in six lactating Dutch cows, by supplying green V. villosa in the trough and V. villosa and ryegrass pasture. In the other experimental groups (group 3, V. villosa / V. sativa/cows, grazing; group 4, V. sativa/cows, grazing; group 5, V. villosa/V. sativa/heifers and group 6, V. villosa/heifers, grazing) do not verified clinical and pathological alterations related to the SGD associated with vetch. Six cows developed the SGD, one cow presented a leigh clinical condition (group 2/cow 6/V. villosa, pasture), four cows developed a moderated clinical condition (group 1, cows 1 and 2/V. villosa/trough and group 2, cows 4 and 5/V. villosa, grazing), and just one cow presented a severe clinical condition (group 2, cow 3/V. villosa/pasture. V. villosa was toxic to cattle and produced a chronic granulomatous disease when ingested in amounts greater than 38.2 g/kg/day for 71 days, or in direct grazing for a period of more than 28 days The main clinical signs consisted of alopecia and cutaneous crusts, pruritus, fever, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, reduction of milk production and weight loss. Macroscopically, multiple white-grayish nodules were observed, specifically in the lymph nodes, kidneys and heart, and histology revealed a granulomatous infiltrate composed of macrophages, lymphocytes, giant cells, epithelioid cells, plasma cells and eosinophils. When ingested by young cattle, the V. villosa pasture, for a period of 68 days, do not produce clinical modifications. When ingested by cows with high milk yield, the V. sativa pasture, for a period of 78 days, does not produce chronic granulomatous disease. Ingestion of V. villosa for a long time led to low production rates, such as low milk production, low reproduction rates and predisposition to infection diseases. In the bromatological analysis, the presence of phytate, in low levels, in the samples of Vicia used in experimental works, in different phases of the culture was determined. The biochemical blood and feces results showing lower amounts of serum sinc and loss of Ca and Zn feces in animals poisoned by V. villosa, that developed granulomatous disease in severe and moderate conditions, possibly indicated the presence of a metabolic disorder in the pathogen of the disease. / No presente estudo caracterizou-se a epidemiologia, os sinais cl?nicos, as les?es macrosc?picas e microsc?picas da intoxica??o espont?nea e experimental por Vicia villosa, bem como a avalia??o da poss?vel toxicidade de Vicia sativa em bovinos. A doen?a granulomatosa sist?mica (DGS ervilhaca-associada) foi verificada em 7 propriedades distribu?das nos Estados de Santa Catarina, Paran? e Rio Grande do Sul, onde a alimenta??o principal era aveia e/ou azev?m consorciados com V. villosa e/ou de azev?m consorciado com V. villosa e em menor quantidade V. sativa. Todos os bovinos que desenvolveram a doen?a eram vacas, em lacta??o e da ra?a Holand?s. A DGS ervilhaca-associada foi reproduzida em seis vacas holandesas em lacta??o, atrav?s do fornecimento de V. villosa verde no cocho e em pastagens de V. villosa e azev?m. Nos demais grupos experimentais (grupo 3, V. villosa/V. sativa/vacas, pastejo; grupo 4, V. sativa/vacas, pastejo; grupo 5, V. villosa/V. sativa/novilhas e grupo 6, V. villosa/novilhas, pastejo) n?o verificou-se altera??es cl?nicas e patol?gicas relacionadas a DGS ervilhaca-associada. Das seis vacas que desenvolveram a doen?a granulomatosa sist?mica, uma vaca apresentou quadro cl?nico leve (grupo 2/vaca 6/V.villosa, pastejo), quatro vacas desenvolveram o quadro moderado da doen?a (grupo 1, vacas 1 e 2/V. villosa/cocho e grupo 2, vacas 4 e 5/V.villosa/pastejo) e apenas em uma vaca verificou-se o quadro grave da doen?a (grupo 2, vaca 3/V.villosa/pastejo). V. villosa foi t?xica para bovinos, produzindo doen?a granulomatosa cr?nica quando ingerida em quantidades superiores a 38,2g/kg/dia, por um per?odo de 71 ou, em pastoreio direto por um per?odo superior a 28 dias. As principais manifesta??es cl?nicas consistiam em ?reas de alopecia e crostas na pele, coceira, febre, conjuntivite, diarreia, queda na produ??o de leite e perda de peso. Macroscopicamente verificaram-se m?ltiplos n?dulos branco-acinzentados principalmente em linfonodos, rins e cora??o, e na histologia estes caracterizavam um infiltrado granulomatoso composto por macr?fagos, linf?citos, c?lulas gigantes, c?lulas epitelioides, plasm?citos e eosin?filos. As pastagens de V. villosa quando ingerida por bovinos jovens, por um per?odo 68 dias n?o produziu altera??es cl?nicas. As pastagens de V. sativa quando ingerida por vacas de alta produ??o leiteira por um per?odo de 76 dias n?o produziu doen?a granulomatosa cr?nica. A ingest?o de V. villosa por per?odos prolongados conduziu a baixos ?ndices produtivos como: baixa produ??o leiteira, baixos ?ndices reprodutivos e pode predispor o surgimento de doen?as infeciosas. Na an?lise bromatol?gica determinou-se a presen?a de fitato, em pequenas quantidades, nas amostras de Vicia utilizadas na experimenta??o, em diferentes fases do seu crescimento. Os resultados das an?lises bioqu?micas de amostras de sangue e fezes evidenciaram baixas quantidades s?ricas de zinco e excessivas perdas fecais de Ca e Zn nos animais intoxicados por V. villosa que desenvolveram a doen?a granulomatosa na forma moderada e grave, indicando um poss?vel envolvimento de dist?rbios de ordem metab?lica na patogenia da doen?a.
5

A constru??o social do sil?ncio epidemiol?gico do benzenismo : uma hist?ria negada

Corr?a, Maria Juliana Moura 19 September 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:20:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 407788.pdf: 1527227 bytes, checksum: e2f735c00bdc019dcfcc2cc3ebaa7dcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-19 / A propor??o de casos de benzenismo no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul ?, ainda, desconhecida. Uma das principais dificuldades para o conhecimento sobre os intoxicados e os expostos ao benzeno ? a situa??o de sil?ncio epidemiol?gico dos casos e das contamina??es nos ambientes de trabalho. Com o intuito de desvelar a realidade social da problem?tica do benzenismo e da luta pela prote??o da sa?de dos trabalhadores no Brasil, constroem-se conceitos e m?todos para medir indiretamente a exposi??o e suas conseq??ncias evidentes ou presumidas. O desenho da investiga??o ? um estudo de caso, orientado pelo materialismo hist?rico-dial?tico, com metodologia que combina m?ltiplas abordagens para relacionar a exposi??o e seu efeito em um grupo de trabalhadores. Para integrar as unidades da totalidade, a especificidade e a singularidade das intoxica??es por benzeno no setor petroqu?mico, utiliza-se a triangula??o de procedimentos metodol?gicos, pela s?ntese de tr?s perspectivas: s?cio-hist?rica documental, da percep??o individual interiorizada pelos trabalhadores intoxicados e da percep??o coletiva do grupo homog?neo. Ao desvendar a ocorr?ncia de benzenismo em 9 trabalhadores oriundos do p?lo petroqu?mico de Triunfo, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, revelam-se as condi??es de trabalho, as exposi??es ocorridas no passado, os casos e o movimento de contrapoder constru?do pela hist?ria de luta no sindicato pela defesa da sa?de dos trabalhadores e pela efetiva??o das leis de restri??o da exposi??o ao benzeno. Evidencia-se igualmente a import?ncia da categoria da contradi??o na constru??o social do sil?ncio epidemiol?gico do benzenismo. Diante dessa grave situa??o de desconhecimento da dimens?o dos riscos, pelo silenciamento das informa??es e pela incerteza cient?fica dos danos, entendese que s? ? poss?vel romper com esta realidade adotando o princ?pio da precau??o, mediante a??es de fortalecimento da participa??o dos trabalhadores e das pol?ticas p?blicas de prote??o da sa?de dos trabalhadores
6

Aspectos Cl?nicos e Patol?gicos da Intoxica??o Experimental por Pteridium arachnoideum (Dennstatiaceae) em Equinos. 2010. / Clinical and pathological aspects of experimental poisoning by Pteridium Arachnoideum (Dennstatiaceae) in horses. 2010.

Santos, Bruno Jos? Martini 10 February 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Jose Martini Santos1.pdf: 1883262 bytes, checksum: 395f219cf3935956cd50161c96cd1a19 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-10 / The administration of the aerial parts of Pteridium arachnoideum during 15 to 57 days in proportions that varied from 50 to 75% of the supplied grass (Pennicetum purpureum) mixed with hay of bracken fern, caused in 3 of the 4 experimental horses, a clinical and pathological picture that can be attributed to the thiaminases, one of the poisonous principles of the plant. The clinical picture consisted, in a progressive way, apathy, lethargy, sleepiness, hyporrexia with evolution to anorexia, reluctance in moving, increase of heart frequency, arrhythmia and sternal decubitus passing to lateral decubitus. The decubitus lasted at the most 48 hours. In this phase, the clinical signs previously observed got more intense; additionaly the animals refused water, made attempts of getting up without success, made intense intermittent peddling movements, followed by dyspnoea, had muscular tremors, tonic muscle spasms of limbs, opistotonus, intense sweating and finally death. The electrocardiographic analysis showed hydropericardium and myocardial failure in the last 48 hours before death. Post-mortem and histopathological examinations did not show significant lesions, unless congestion in various organs, indicating congestive heart failure. Clinical pathology revealed, in relation to the blood count, in one of the three horses, anemia in the final part of the experiment, and trombocitopenia in only two. No changes were seen in the leucograma. Parallel to a fall of serous thiamine, an increase the pyruvic acid was seen in the three animals. One of the experimental horses developed a taste for the fern, and the other two only consumed the P. arachnoideum-grass mixture with addition of sugar. / A administra??o das partes a?reas de Pteridium arachnoideum durante per?odos de 15 a 57 dias na propor??o que variou de 50 a 75% da mistura com capim (Pennicetum purpureum) fornecida, causou em 3 dos 4 equinos do experimento um quadro cl?nico-patol?gico que pode ser atribu?do a tiaminase, um dos princ?pios t?xicos da planta. No quadro cl?nico foram verificados de forma progressiva apatia, letargia, sonol?ncia, hiporrexia com evolu??o para anorexia, relut?ncia em se movimentar, aumento da frequ?ncia card?aca, arritmia e finalmente dec?bito esternal passando para o lateral. O dec?bito era de no m?ximo 48 horas. Nesta fase os sinais cl?nicos anteriormente observados se intensificaram, os animais, recusavam ?gua, faziam tentativas de se levantar sem sucesso, movimentos de pedalagem intensos intermitentes, seguidos de dispn?ia, tremores musculares, espasmos musculares t?nicos dos membros, opist?tono, sudorese intensa e finalmente morte. As an?lises eletrocardiogr?ficas indicaram hidroperic?rdio e insufici?ncia mioc?rdica nas ultimas 48 horas antes da morte. Os achados de necropsia e os exames histopatol?gicos n?o revelaram altera??es significativas, a n?o ser congest?o em diversos ?rg?os e efus?es cavit?rias de colora??o amarelo ocre, o que est? relacionado com insufici?ncia card?aca congestiva. A patologia cl?nica revelou, em rela??o ao hemograma, em um dos tr?s animais, anemia na parte final do experimento, e em dois equinos trombocitopenia. O leucograma n?o apresentou altera??es. Paralelamente a queda da tiamina s?rica, foi verificado um aumento do ?cido pir?vico nos tr?s animais. Um dos animais experimentais desenvolveu um gosto pela samambaia, os outros dois consumiram a mistura de capim com feno de samambaia mediante o acr?scimo de a??car.
7

Mapa metab?lico da intoxica??o por chumbo

Souza, Iara Dantas de 14 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-18T10:52:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IaraDantasDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 2361022 bytes, checksum: 9a172e308a03ac6a5069e610ed9829b8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-22T15:02:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IaraDantasDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 2361022 bytes, checksum: 9a172e308a03ac6a5069e610ed9829b8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-22T15:02:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IaraDantasDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 2361022 bytes, checksum: 9a172e308a03ac6a5069e610ed9829b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-14 / Desde a antiguidade, o chumbo (Pb) vem sendo utilizado pela humanidade em virtude das suas propriedades f?sico-qu?micas, como maleabilidade, ductilidade, resist?ncia ? corros?o, baixo ponto de fus?o e baixa condutividade el?trica. Entretanto, al?m de sua import?ncia econ?mica, o chumbo possui uma import?ncia quanto ? sa?de humana, uma vez que causa intoxica??o. Muitos efeitos da intoxica??o pelo chumbo j? foram relatados na literatura, sendo respons?vel pela toxicidade nos sistemas cardiovascular, imunol?gico, ?sseo, reprodutivo, hematopoi?tico, renal, gastrointestinal e, principalmente, no sistema nervoso. Embora haja evid?ncias sobre como o chumbo afeta a homeostase em n?vel celular, a descri??o das vias metab?licas afetadas na intoxica??o por chumbo n?o est? estabelecida. Para esclarecer os efeitos da intoxica??o, o objetivo deste estudo ? propor vias metab?licas das intera??es do chumbo com os componentes celulares, atrav?s da curadoria das informa??es presentes na literatura e em reposit?rios p?blicos. Ap?s a busca na literatura, encontramos um total de 23 prote?nas, incluindo o tripept?deo glutationa, as quais s?o capazes de interagir com o chumbo e est?o relacionadas com a base celular da intoxica??o. Estas informa??es, em conjunto com outras provenientes de reposit?rios especializados, permitiram a integra??o do conhecimento em uma via metab?lica da intoxica??o por chumbo. Por meio dela, observou-se que o chumbo atua de maneira sist?mica no organismo, em especial, interferindo na fun??o normal de prote?nas as quais se ligam a metais essenciais, como zinco e c?lcio. / Since ancient times, lead (Pb) has been used by mankind because of its physicochemical properties, such as malleability, ductility, corrosion resistance, low melting point and low electrical conductivity. However, in addition to its economic importance, lead is an important human health issue since it causes intoxication. Many effects of lead intoxication have been reported in the literature, affecting the organism as a whole and causing symptoms in cardiovascular, immune, skeletal, reproductive, hematological, renal, gastrointestinal and nervous systems. Although there is evidence on how lead affects cellular homeostasis, the description of the metabolic pathways affected in lead poisoning is not fully established. To elucidate the effects of lead poisoning, the aim of this study is to propose pathways of lead interactions with cell components, through manual curation of information present in literature and public repositories. After a search in literature, it was found a total of twenty-three proteins, including glutathione, which can directly interact with lead and are related to the cellular basis of intoxication. This knowledge taken together with the information present in pathways repositories allowed the integration of the current information in a map of lead poisoning. It was observed that lead acts in a systemic way, specially interfering with the normal function of metalloproteins which rely on essential metals to the organism, such as calcium and zinc.
8

Genes para enterotoxinas em Staphylococcus sp. isolados de manipuladores de alimentos de um restaurante universit?rio na cidade do Natal-RN

Silva, Sabina dos Santos Paulino da 24 September 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-09-06T20:18:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SabinaDosSantosPaulinoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 971170 bytes, checksum: de3fd16a5be3f838661b201aef9e1cbc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-06T23:23:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SabinaDosSantosPaulinoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 971170 bytes, checksum: de3fd16a5be3f838661b201aef9e1cbc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-06T23:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SabinaDosSantosPaulinoDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 971170 bytes, checksum: de3fd16a5be3f838661b201aef9e1cbc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-24 / Os manipuladores de alimentos colonizados por Staphylococcus produtores de enterotoxinas s?o uma fonte potencial de intoxica??o alimentar. O objetivo deste estudo foi pesquisar a presen?a de genes que codificam enterotoxinas em Estafilococos Coagulase Positivos (ECP) e Estafilococos Coagulase Negativos (ECN) isolados das narinas e das m?os dos manipuladores de alimentos de um restaurante universit?rio na cidade de Natal-RN. Trinta manipuladores de alimentos foram inclu?dos no estudo. O material das m?os e das narinas foi coletado utilizando um swab est?ril. Os isolados foram submetidos ? colora??o de Gram, teste de sensibilidade a bacitracina, fermenta??o de manitol e provas para a catalase e coagulase livre. Os ECNs e ECPs foram posteriormente identificados atrav?s de testes bioqu?micos e pelo sistema Vitek 2 (BioMerieux, Fran?a). A t?cnica da rea??o em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foi utilizada para a detec??o dos genes para as enterotoxinas A, B, C, D, E, G, H, e I (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, seg, seh, e sei) e o m?todo de disco-difus?o foi utilizado para a determina??o da susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos. Todos os manipuladores de alimentos apresentaram Estafilococos em suas m?os e/ou narinas. Foram isolados 58 Staphylococcus sp., dos quais 20,7% eram ECP e 79,3% eram ECN. Staphylococcus epidermidis foi a esp?cie mais prevalente. Vinte e nove Estafilococos (50%) apresentaram um ou mais genes para enterotoxinas e os genes mais prevalentes foram seg e sei, com uma frequ?ncia de 29,3% para ambos. Dentre as cepas de Staphylococcus aureus, 75% possu?am genes para enterotoxinas. Entretanto, os ECNs apresentaram uma frequ?ncia elevada de genes (43,5%). A maioria dos isolados mostrou sensibilidade aos antibi?ticos testados, com exce??o da penicilina para a qual apenas 35% das cepas foram sens?veis. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que n?o somente os Estafilococos coagulase positivos, mas tamb?m os coagulase negativos s?o portadores de genes para enterotoxinas. / Food handlers carrying enterotoxin-producing Staphylococcus are a potential source of food contamination. The aim of this study was to analyze genes enconding enterotoxins in coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) isolated from the anterior nostrils and hands of food handlers at a university restaurant in the city of Natal, Northeast Brazil. Thirty food handlers were screened for the study and the collected Staphylococcus sp. Most isolates were subjected to Gram staining, a bacitracin sensitivity test, mannitol fermentation, and catalase and coagulase tests. CoNS and CoPS strains were subsequently identified by biochemical tests and a Vitek 2 System (BioMerieux, France). PCR was used to detect genes for enterotoxins A, B, C, D, E, G, H, and I (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, seg, seh, and sei) and a disc-diffusion method was used to determine susceptibility to several classes of antimicrobials. All food handlers presented staphylococci on their hands and/or noses. The study found 58 Staphylococcus sp., of which 20.7% were CoPS and 79.3% were CoNS. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most prevalent species. Fifty percent of Staphylococcus spp. isolated was positive for one or more enterotoxin genes, and the most prevalent genes were seg and sei, each with a frequency of 29.3%. Indeed, CoNS encoded high percentage of enterotoxin genes (43.5%). However, Staphylococcus aureus encoded even more enterotoxin genes (75%). Most isolates showed sensitivity to the antibiotics used for testing, except for penicillin (only 35% sensitive). The results from this study reinforce that coagulase-negative as well as coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from food handler are capable of genotypic enterotoxigenicity.
9

?Levedo de cerveja? na alimenta??o de ovinos e su?nos: intoxica??es natural e experimental, margem de seguran?a e profilaxia / Beer Yeast for Sheep and Pig feeding: Natural and Experimental Intoxication, Safety Margin and Prevention

Gama, Ana Paula de Arag?o 31 August 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-19T12:01:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Ana Paula de Arag?o Gama.pdf: 10152074 bytes, checksum: cf829662b7139672b123740c06d787f0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T12:01:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Ana Paula de Arag?o Gama.pdf: 10152074 bytes, checksum: cf829662b7139672b123740c06d787f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-31 / Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do RJ - FAPERJ / Considering the practice of using liquid alcoholic yeast (beer yeast) - a byproduct of the brewery industry - for animal feed on some farms in the southern Fluminense region of Brazil, this study was made to establish the safety margin and the clinic-pathological picture of the intoxication characterized mainly by staggering gait, trips and falls; furthermore, to suggest preventive measures that could avoid or minimize this type of alcoholic intoxication in sheep and pigs. It was seen that the clinic-pathologic picture of the experimental intoxication by beer yeast in sheep, and the natural and experimental intoxication in pigs, is similar to that observed in other animal species poisoned by ethanol, or in cattle by beer yeast. Concentrations of 3.8 and 8.875mL/kg of ethanol contained in the yeast, caused respectively mild to moderate clinical signs and severe ones in sheep. As prophylactic measures are suggested (1) appropriated dilution of beer yeast in water or with beer yeast already stored on the farm (old yeast), (2) beer yeast administration proportionally to animal weight/size, (3) continuous administration without interruption, providing other food is given, as soybean or corn meal, with water ad libitum. It was concluded that despite beer yeast is increasingly used for sheep, pigs and cattle on farms in southern Rio de Janeiro state - since many farmers apply one or more prophylactic measure suggested here - ethanol intoxication through beer yeast is uncommon and death rarely occurs; so, the yeast could be used, providing the prophylactic measures are observed. / Considerando a pr?tica de utilizar ?levedo? l?quido (alco?lico) (LC) - subproduto da ind?stria cervejeira - na alimenta??o de animais, em alguns estabelecimentos da Regi?o Sul Fluminense, esse estudo foi realizado para estabelecer as margens de seguran?a e o quadro cl?nico-patol?gico caracterizado principalmente por andar cambaleante, trope?os e quedas; bem como sugerir medidas profil?ticas que impe?am ou minimizem esse tipo de intoxica??o alco?lica para ovinos e su?nos. Verificou-se que o quadro cl?nico-patol?gico na intoxica??o experimental em ovinos e nas intoxica??es natural e experimental em su?nos, ? semelhante ao observado em outras esp?cies intoxicadas por etanol ou em bovinos pelo LC. Concentra??es de 3,8 e 8,875mL/kg de etanol contido no LC, causaram quadros cl?nicos de leve a moderado e grave em ovinos, respectivamente. Como medidas profil?ticas sugere-se: dilui??o adequada do LC com ?gua, soro de leite ou com o LC j? estocado na propriedade (LC antigo); administra??o do LC proporcional ao peso/tamanho dos animais, administra??o cont?nua, sem interrup??es, disponibilizar outro alimento no cocho, como farelo de soja ou fub? de milho e ?gua ? vontade. Conclui-se que apesar do ?levedo de cerveja? ser cada vez mais utilizado nas propriedades criadoras de ovinos, su?nos e bovinos, no sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro j? que, muitos propriet?rios aplicam uma ou mais medidas profil?ticas aqui sugeridas, as intoxica??es pelo etanol, contido no LC s?o pouco frequentes e raramente ocorrem mortes, de forma que esse produto deve ser utilizado, desde que as medidas profil?ticas sejam observadas

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