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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Identidades polinomiais e polinômios centrais com involução. / Polynomial identities and involutional central polynomials.

BEZERRA JÚNIOR, Claudemir Fidelis. 09 August 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-09T16:56:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAUDEMIR FIDELIS BEZERRA JÚNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2014..pdf: 825308 bytes, checksum: d7bd377c69f618ba4b331c4575210512 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T16:56:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAUDEMIR FIDELIS BEZERRA JÚNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2014..pdf: 825308 bytes, checksum: d7bd377c69f618ba4b331c4575210512 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02 / Capes / Nesta dissertação são descritas bases para as identidades polinomiais e os polinômios centrais com involução para a álgebra das matrizes 2 × 2 sobre um corpo in nito K de característica p 6= 2, considerando-se a involução transposta, denotada por t, e também a involução simplética, denotada por s. É conhecido que, como o corpo K é in nito, se ∗ é uma involução em M2(K), então o ideal de identidades (M2(K), ∗) coincide com (M2(K), t) ou com (M2(K), s). Consideramos também as álgebras Mn(E), Mk,l(E) e M1,1(E) sobre corpos de característica 0. Para as álgebras Mn(E) e Mk,l(E), provamos que para uma classe ampla de involuções as identidades polinomiais com involução coincidem com as identidades ordinárias, e para a álgebra M1,1(E) com a involução ∗ induzida pela superinvolução transposta na superálgebra M1,1(K), exibimos uma base nita para as ∗-identidades polinomiais. / In this dissertation we describe basis for the polynomial identities and central polynomials with involution for the algebra of 2 × 2 matrices over an infinite field K of characteristic p 6= 2 considering the transpose involution, denoted by t, and also the symplectic involution, denoted by s. It is known that, since the field K is infinite, if ∗ is an involution on M2(K), then the ideal of identities (M2(K), ∗) coincides with (M2(K), t) or with (M2(K), s). We also consider the algebras Mn(E), Mk,l(E) and M1,1(E) over fields of characteristic 0. For the algebras Mn(E) and Mk,l(E) we prove that for a large class of involutions the polynomial identities with involution coincide with the ordinary identities, and for the algebra M1,1(E) with the involution ∗ induced by the transposition superinvolution of the superalgebra M1,1(K) we exhibit nite basis for the ∗-polynomial identities.
52

O Teorema de Borsuk-Ulam: uma versão fraca associada a grupos topológicos / The borsuk-ulam theorem: a weak version associated with topological groups

Marini, Mirela Cristina 25 September 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-16T18:48:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-22T14:06:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-22T18:09:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-22T18:12:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-22T19:44:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-23T11:57:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-23T12:57:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-23T13:16:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-23T13:34:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-23T17:24:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-23T17:29:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-24T12:05:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-24T12:39:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-24T16:47:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-24T17:31:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-27T11:40:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-27T12:31:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-27T13:03:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-27T18:08:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-28T12:13:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-28T14:22:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-28T14:31:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-28T14:37:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Submitted by Mirela Cristina Marini null (mii_marini@hotmail.com) on 2017-11-28T19:04:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Mirela Marini.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elza Mitiko Sato null (elzasato@ibilce.unesp.br) on 2017-11-30T17:48:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marini_mc_me_sjrp.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-30T17:48:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marini_mc_me_sjrp.pdf: 3119748 bytes, checksum: 9e6f062d94f6fdfb7d9cb0cfae289118 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O Teorema de Borsuk-Ulam clássico afirma que: “Se f : Sn → IRn é uma aplicação contínua, entãoexisteumponto x em Sn talque f(x) = f(−x), ouequivalentemente f(x) = f(A(x)), onde Sn indica a esfera unitária n-dimensional e A : Sn → Sn é a aplicação antipodal”. Se pensamos na superfície terrestre como uma esfera, o caso n = 2 pode ser ilustrado dizendo-se que em cada instante, existe sempre um par de pontos antipodais na superfície da Terra com mesma temperatura e pressão barométrica (supondo que a temperatura e a pressão variam continuamente na superfície). Este trabalho é baseado no artigo “Some generalizations of the Borsuk-Ulam Theorem” de Vendrúsculo, Desideri e Pergher (2011), [8], e tem como principal objetivo apresentar um estudo de uma versão fraca do Teorema de Borsuk-Ulam associada a grupos topológicos. Diz-se que {(X,T);G}, onde X é um espaço topológico equipado por uma involução livre T e G é um grupo topológico, “satisfaz uma versão fraca do Teorema de Borsuk-Ulam”, abreviadamente, “satisfaz WBUT”, se, para cada aplicação contínua f : X → G, temos que o conjunto {x ∈ X; f(x) · f(T(x))−1 ∈ 2G} é diferente do vazio, onde f(T(x))−1 é o simétrico de f(T(x)) em G e 2G = {g ∈ G; g = g−1}. Neste trabalho, relacionamos essa condição fraca com a condição geral de “satisfazer o Teorema de Borsuk-Ulam” (ou “satisfazer BUT”) dada também pelos autores; apresentamos alguns exemplos; considerando G = T2 (toro), detalhamos a demonstração de um resultado que estabelece um critério algébrico para que {(X,T);T2} satisfaça a condição WBUT e de um resultado que dá uma equivalência entre a versão fraca WBUT para triplas {(S,T);T2} e a condição BUT para {(S,T);IR2}, sendo S uma superfície fechada. Por fim, apresentamos um invariante topológico obtido da versão WBUT. Tal invariante, por nós definido, é similar ao obtido da condição BUT e apresentado pelos autores citados. / The classical Borsuk-Ulam Theorem states that: “If f : Sn → IRn is any continuous map, then there exists a point x in Sn such that f(x) = f(−x), or equivalently f(x) = f(A(x)), where Sn denotes the n-dimensional unit sphere and A : Sn → Sn is the antipodal map”. If we think of the Earth’s surface as a sphere, the case n = 2 can be illustrated by saying that at every instant there is always a pair of antipodal points on the Earth’s surface with the same temperature and barometric pressure (assuming that the temperature and pressure vary continuously in the surface). This work is based on the article “Some generalizations of Borsuk-Ulam Theorem” by Ven drúsculo, Desideri and Pergher (2011), [8], and has the main purpose of presenting a study of a weak version of the Borsuk-Ulam Theorem associated with topolog ical groups. It is said that {(X,T);G}, where X is a topological space equipped with a free involution T and G is a topological group “satisfies a Weak version of the Borsuk-Ulam Theorem”, abbreviatedly, “satisfies WBUT” if, given any continuous map f : X → Y , the set {x ∈ X; f(x) · f(T(x))−1 ∈ 2G} is non empty, where f(T(x))−1 is the symmetric of f(T(x)) in G and 2G = {g ∈ G; g = g−1}. In this work, we relate this weak condition with the more general condition of “satisfying the Borsuk-Ulam Theorem” (or “satisfying BUT”) also given by the authors; we present some examples; considering G = T2 (torus), we detail the proof of a result that establishes an algebraic criterion for {(X,T);T2} satisfy the condition WBUT, and of a result that gives an equivalence between the weak version WBUT for triples {(S,T);T2} and the condition BUT for {(S,T);IR2}, where S is a closed surface and T is a free involution on S. Finally, we present a topological invariant obtained from the WBUT version. Such invariant, defined by us, is similar to that obtained from the BUT condition and presented by the cited authors.
53

Modernidade, vulnerabilidade e população de rua em Presidente Prudente (SP) /

Furini, Luciano Antonio. January 2003 (has links)
Orientador: Eda Maria Góes / Banca: Maria Suzana de Stefano Menin / Banca: Raul Borges Guimarães / Resumo: Acada instante são reproduzidos, no mundo, processos sociais excludentes, os quais conferem padrões de inserção precária a diversos segmentos da população mundial. No Brasil estes processos são acirrados devido a grande concentração de riquezas nas mãos de poucos, pautados em ideologias que buscam justificar tal concentração, permitindo a convocação de pessoas para o sacrifício coletivo em nome da pátria e o afastamento das mesmas para que não partilhem de seus benefícios. A incorporação ou não destas ideologias decorre da formação das representações sociais pelos grupos atingidos, desse modo, a teoria das representações sociais norteou o desenvolvimento dessa pesquisa. Em meio a este contexto, a vulnerabilidade sócioespacial é agravada e consequentemente surgem casos extremos como o da população de rua - pessoas que usam a rua como local de moradia. Nesta pesquisa, analisamos especificamente o caso da população de rua de Presidente Prudente (SP). A despeito das adversidades e das políticas geridas por grupos de interesse, ocorre certo enfrentamento dessa vulnerabilidade no caso brasileiro. Este enfrentamento dilui-se nas limitações políticas ou na própria lógica da ação assistencial, que, em geral, limita-se a remediar ao invés de elaborar caminhos condizentes com uma resposta adequada ao caso. Inserido precariamente na sociedade, aquele que se encontra como morador de rua cria diversas estratégias de sobrevivência, o que confere uma particularidade ao lugar que ocupa socialmente. Considerando as escalas, o redimencionamento que estas implicam ao meio geográfico e aos fluxos que perpassam esse meio, analisamos o lugar e o vivido da população de rua como polo contrário do desenvolvimento tecnológico, da concentração das riquezas e das revoluções logísticas... (Resumo completo clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Resumé: À chaque instant sont reproduits dans le monde, des procès sociaux excludents, lequels conférent paramètres d'inclusion précaire à plusieurs segments de la population mondial. Au Brésil ces procés sont stimulés grâce la grande concentration de richesses aux mains de la minorité, basé dans les idéologies que recherchem à justifier telle concentration, en permettant le rappel de gens pour le sacrifice coleif en nom de la patrie et l'éloignement des mêmes pour qu'il ne partagent pas des ses avantages . L'incorporation ou non de ces idéologies découle de la formation des répresentations sociaux pour les groupes atteints, de cette manière, la teorie des répresentations sociaux a guidé le développement de cette recherche. Au milieu de ce contexte, la vulnérabilité sociospatial est empirée et par conséquent surgissent cas extrêmes comme la frange-des gens que utilisent la rue comme lieu de logement. Dans cette recherche, nous analysons specifiement le cas de la frange-des gens de Presidente Prudente (SP). En dépit des adversités et des politiques gérées pour des groupes d'intérêts, se déroule certain confrontation de cette vulnérabilité dans le cas brésilien. Cette confrontation s'est diluée aux limites politiques ou à la propre logique de l'action assistencial, que en général, se limite à remedier au lieu d'élaborer segments assortis avec une réponse adéquate au cas. Incluse précairement dans la societé, celui que se rencontre comme frange-des gens, forme divers stratégies de survivance, ce que confère une privée au lieu que s'occupe socialement. En considérant les échelles, l'améliorement que les mêmes impliquent au milieu géographiques et aux flux que passent dans ce milieu, nous analysons le lieu et la vie de la frange-des gens comme pôle contraire... / Mestre
54

The religious ontology of Shri Aurobindo

Barnard, Andries Gustav 30 June 2004 (has links)
Shri Aurobindo (1872-1950) was an Indian scholar, teacher, politician, writer and mystic. He wrote prolifically, including his Magnum Opus "The Life Divine". He developed a philosophical system based on subjective knowledge obtained during experiences of higher states of consciousness. His theory states the cause of creation was Brahman's desire to experience more delight. A creation cycle comprising a downward movement (involution) and an upward movement (evolution) was fashioned for that purpose. At every stage of creation the essence of Brahman remains present in His creation, which makes Brahman both Immanent and Transcendent. The importance of this theory is the intended effect that it can have on the future evolution of mankind, which is now on the evolutionary leg. Humanity, knowing its ultimate goal, and by using Yogic techniques, can evolve to higher states of consciousness right up to the level of Brahman, which is inherent in man at present. / Religious Studies and Arabic / M.A. (Religious Studies)
55

Propriedades de Lie de elementos simétricos sob involuções orientadas em álgebras de grupo / Lie properties of symmetric elements under oriented involutions in group algebras

Castillo Gomez, John Hermes 29 November 2012 (has links)
Sejam $F$ um corpo de característica diferente de $2$ e $G$ um grupo. A partir da involução clássica, que envia cada elemento em seu inverso, e uma orientação do grupo $G$ é possível definir uma involução clássica orientada na álgebra de grupo $FG$. O objetivo desta tese é estudar propriedades de Lie do conjunto dos elementos simétricos $(FG)^+$ e, em alguns casos, do conjunto dos elementos anti-simétricos $(FG)^-$. Primeiro, abordamos o caso quando $G$ não tem elementos de ordem $2$. Aqui, mostramos que se $(FG)^+$ (ou $(FG)^-$) é Lie nilpotente ou Lie $n$-Engel, então $FG$ também é Lie nilpotente ou Lie $m$-Engel, respectivamente. Depois, consideramos o caso quando $G$ contém uma cópia do grupo quatérnio de ordem $8$. Neste caso, caracterizamos completamente as álgebras de grupo tais que $(FG)^+$ é fortemente Lie nilpotente, Lie nilpotente e Lie $n$-Engel. Como consequência, provamos que o conjunto das unidades simétricas deste tipo de grupos é nilpotente. Estudamos também o caso em que quando $G$ não contém uma cópia do grupo quatérnio de ordem $8$. Em particular, apresentamos um exemplo que mostra que os resultados obtidos em pesquisas anteriores, com a involução clássica, não devem ser esperados ao trabalhar com involuções clássicas orientadas. Não entanto, damos alguns casos especiais de grupos nos quais esses resultados são obtidos. Finalmente, estudamos o índice de Lie nilpotência de $(FG)^+$. Estabelecemos uma condição necessária e suficiente, para que o índice de Lie nilpotência de $(FG)^+$ e a classe de nilpotência das unidades simétricas de uma álgebra de grupo Lie nilpotente sejam o maior possível. Além disso, consideramos a situação em que o grupo $G$ contém uma cópia de $Q_8$. / Let $F$ be a field of characteristic different from $2$ and $G$ a group. From the classical involution, which sends each element in its inverse and an orientation of $G$, it is possible to define an oriented classical involution on the group algebra $FG$. The goal of this thesis is to study Lie properties of the set of symmetric elements $(FG)^+$ and, in some cases, of the set of skew-symmetric elements $(FG)^-$. We first deal with the case when $G$ does not have elements of order $2$. In this situation, we show that if $(FG)^+$ (or $(FG)^-$) is Lie nilpotent or Lie $n$-Engel, then the whole group algebra $FG$ satisfies the same property. Later we consider the case when $G$ contains a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$. In this instance, we give a complete description of the group algebras such that $(FG)^+$ is strongly Lie nilpotent, Lie nilpotent and Lie $n$-Engel. As a consequence, we get that the set of symmetric units of this kind of groups is nilpotent. Furthermore, we study the case when $G$ does not contain a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$. Here, we present an example that shows that the previews results obtained in former works, with the classical involution, may not hold with an oriented classical involution. However, we give some kinds of groups for which those results are achieved. Finally, we study the Lie nilpotency index of $(FG)^+$. It is given a necessary and sufficient condition to the Lie nilpotency index of $(FG)^+$ and the nilpotency class of the symmetric units to be maximal, in a Lie nilpotent group algebra. In addition, we consider the situation when $G$ contains a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$.
56

Propriedades de Lie de elementos simétricos sob involuções orientadas em álgebras de grupo / Lie properties of symmetric elements under oriented involutions in group algebras

John Hermes Castillo Gomez 29 November 2012 (has links)
Sejam $F$ um corpo de característica diferente de $2$ e $G$ um grupo. A partir da involução clássica, que envia cada elemento em seu inverso, e uma orientação do grupo $G$ é possível definir uma involução clássica orientada na álgebra de grupo $FG$. O objetivo desta tese é estudar propriedades de Lie do conjunto dos elementos simétricos $(FG)^+$ e, em alguns casos, do conjunto dos elementos anti-simétricos $(FG)^-$. Primeiro, abordamos o caso quando $G$ não tem elementos de ordem $2$. Aqui, mostramos que se $(FG)^+$ (ou $(FG)^-$) é Lie nilpotente ou Lie $n$-Engel, então $FG$ também é Lie nilpotente ou Lie $m$-Engel, respectivamente. Depois, consideramos o caso quando $G$ contém uma cópia do grupo quatérnio de ordem $8$. Neste caso, caracterizamos completamente as álgebras de grupo tais que $(FG)^+$ é fortemente Lie nilpotente, Lie nilpotente e Lie $n$-Engel. Como consequência, provamos que o conjunto das unidades simétricas deste tipo de grupos é nilpotente. Estudamos também o caso em que quando $G$ não contém uma cópia do grupo quatérnio de ordem $8$. Em particular, apresentamos um exemplo que mostra que os resultados obtidos em pesquisas anteriores, com a involução clássica, não devem ser esperados ao trabalhar com involuções clássicas orientadas. Não entanto, damos alguns casos especiais de grupos nos quais esses resultados são obtidos. Finalmente, estudamos o índice de Lie nilpotência de $(FG)^+$. Estabelecemos uma condição necessária e suficiente, para que o índice de Lie nilpotência de $(FG)^+$ e a classe de nilpotência das unidades simétricas de uma álgebra de grupo Lie nilpotente sejam o maior possível. Além disso, consideramos a situação em que o grupo $G$ contém uma cópia de $Q_8$. / Let $F$ be a field of characteristic different from $2$ and $G$ a group. From the classical involution, which sends each element in its inverse and an orientation of $G$, it is possible to define an oriented classical involution on the group algebra $FG$. The goal of this thesis is to study Lie properties of the set of symmetric elements $(FG)^+$ and, in some cases, of the set of skew-symmetric elements $(FG)^-$. We first deal with the case when $G$ does not have elements of order $2$. In this situation, we show that if $(FG)^+$ (or $(FG)^-$) is Lie nilpotent or Lie $n$-Engel, then the whole group algebra $FG$ satisfies the same property. Later we consider the case when $G$ contains a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$. In this instance, we give a complete description of the group algebras such that $(FG)^+$ is strongly Lie nilpotent, Lie nilpotent and Lie $n$-Engel. As a consequence, we get that the set of symmetric units of this kind of groups is nilpotent. Furthermore, we study the case when $G$ does not contain a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$. Here, we present an example that shows that the previews results obtained in former works, with the classical involution, may not hold with an oriented classical involution. However, we give some kinds of groups for which those results are achieved. Finally, we study the Lie nilpotency index of $(FG)^+$. It is given a necessary and sufficient condition to the Lie nilpotency index of $(FG)^+$ and the nilpotency class of the symmetric units to be maximal, in a Lie nilpotent group algebra. In addition, we consider the situation when $G$ contains a copy of the quaternion group of order $8$.
57

Computational Aspects of Maass Waveforms

Strömberg, Fredrik January 2005 (has links)
<p>The topic of this thesis is computation of Mass waveforms, and we consider a number of different cases: Congruence subgroups of the modular group and Dirichlet characters (chapter 1); congruence subgroups and general multiplier systems and real weight (chapter 2); and noncongruence subgroups (chapter 3). In each case we first discuss the necessary theoretical background. We then outline the algorithm and display some of the results obtained by it.</p>
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Computational Aspects of Maass Waveforms

Strömberg, Fredrik January 2005 (has links)
The topic of this thesis is computation of Mass waveforms, and we consider a number of different cases: Congruence subgroups of the modular group and Dirichlet characters (chapter 1); congruence subgroups and general multiplier systems and real weight (chapter 2); and noncongruence subgroups (chapter 3). In each case we first discuss the necessary theoretical background. We then outline the algorithm and display some of the results obtained by it.
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The religious ontology of Shri Aurobindo

Barnard, Andries Gustav 30 June 2004 (has links)
Shri Aurobindo (1872-1950) was an Indian scholar, teacher, politician, writer and mystic. He wrote prolifically, including his Magnum Opus "The Life Divine". He developed a philosophical system based on subjective knowledge obtained during experiences of higher states of consciousness. His theory states the cause of creation was Brahman's desire to experience more delight. A creation cycle comprising a downward movement (involution) and an upward movement (evolution) was fashioned for that purpose. At every stage of creation the essence of Brahman remains present in His creation, which makes Brahman both Immanent and Transcendent. The importance of this theory is the intended effect that it can have on the future evolution of mankind, which is now on the evolutionary leg. Humanity, knowing its ultimate goal, and by using Yogic techniques, can evolve to higher states of consciousness right up to the level of Brahman, which is inherent in man at present. / Religious Studies and Arabic / M.A. (Religious Studies)
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Inverse problems for fractional order differential equations / Problèmes inverses pour des équations différentielles aux dérivées fractionnaires

Tapdigoglu, Ramiz 18 January 2019 (has links)
Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à résoudre certains problèmes inverses pour des équations différentielles aux dérivées fractionnaires. Un problème inverse est généralement mal posé. Un problème mal posé est un problème qui ne répond pas à l’un des trois critères de Hadamard pour être bien posé, c’est-à-dire, soit l’existence, l’unicité ou une dépendance continue aux données n'est plus vraie, à savoir, des petits changements dans les données de mesure entraînent des changements indéfiniment importants dans la solution. La plupart des difficultés à résoudre des problèmes mal posés sont causées par l’instabilité de la solution. D’autre part, les équations différentielles fractionnaires deviennent un outil important dans la modélisation de nombreux problèmes de la vie réelle et il y a eu donc un intérêt croissant pour l’étude des problèmes inverses avec des équations différentielles fractionnaires. Le calcul fractionnaire est une branche des mathématiques qui fait référence à l’extension du concept de dérivation classique à la dérivation d’ordre non entier. Calculer une dérivée fractionnaire à un certain moment exige tous les processus précédents avec des propriétés de mémoire. C’est l’avantage principal du calcul fractionnaire d’expliquer les processus associés aux systèmes physiques complexes qui ont une mémoire à long terme et / ou des interactions spatiales à longue distance. De plus, les équations différentielles fractionnaires peuvent nous aider à réduire les erreurs découlant de paramètres négligés dans la modélisation des phénomènes physiques. / In this thesis, we are interested in solving some inverse problems for fractional differential equations. An inverse problem is usually ill-posed. The concept of an ill-posed problem is not new. While there is no universal formal definition for inverse problems, Hadamard [1923] defined a problem as being ill-posed if it violates the criteria of a well-posed problem, that is, either existence, uniqueness or continuous dependence on data is no longer true, i.e., arbitrarily small changes in the measurement data lead to indefinitely large changes in the solution. Most difficulties in solving ill-posed problems are caused by solution instability. Inverse problems come into various types, for example, inverse initial problems where initial data are unknown and inverse source problems where the source term is unknown. These unknown terms are to be determined using extra boundary data. Fractional differential equations, on the other hand, become an important tool in modeling many real-life problems and hence there has been growing interest in studying inverse problems of time fractional differential equations. The Non-Integer Order Calculus, traditionally known as Fractional Calculus is the branch of mathematics that tries to interpolate the classical derivatives and integrals and generalizes them for any orders, not necessarily integer order. The advantages of fractional derivatives are that they have a greater degree of flexibility in the model and provide an excellent instrument for the description of the reality. This is because of the fact that the realistic modeling of a physical phenomenon does not depend only on the instant time, but also on the history of the previous time, i.e., calculating timefractional derivative at some time requires all the previous processes with memory and hereditary properties.

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